Fodder crops

In recent years, Mongolian rangeland become degrading by a variety of factors such as global warming, mining activities, overgrazing, livestock density and migration of the population to the market. Consequently the soils getting dry and yield of hay as well as plant assemblies decreasing in pastureland. Moreover the fertile soils eroded by windy and runoff in spring to autumn. Thus desertification spreading in steppe, Gobi even Khangai (mountainous) zone.

The study related to cultivation and introduction of perennial forage plants had started first in 1930 in forest-steppe, steppe and Gobi zones. However there has not been done this study in Khangai (mountainous) zone which we had selected. Accordingly, there is a demand to cultivate and introduce, as well as to multiply the seeds of perennial forage plants/varieties which is more adapted in mountainous zone.

The novelty of this research is creating the parent material for crossbreeding which is tolerance to pests and diseases, more adapted to high mountainous zone. In this study we cultivated native and foreign perennial forage varieties of Agropyron cristatum, Bromus inermus in high mountain zone and selected varieties on the benefits for

To estimate group of life formes biological characteristic for collected samples of Agropyron cristatum, Bromus inermus and create parent material for crossbreeding (selection) which contains high nutrition values and more adapted in mountainous zone. To reaching the goal the following specific objectives were implemented.

1. To cultivate perennial forage plants genus, varieties and samples in high mountain zone, and create an observation plots. 
2. To select varieties which possible to acclimatize for adapted specific condition.
3. To create parent material of acclimatized varieties, multiply the seeds

The research had carried out Ikhtamir soum in Arkhangai province at 1640 above sea level.
Crop’s development cycles determined the method by I.N. Beideman, hay, hay composition, vernation, wet of the soils were determined by weighting, quality of seed, germination rate, viability and wintering determined by estimating, tolerance to drought, cold, pests and diseases determined by rating. The criteria for the selection of variety had estimated methods by Nosberger, Andreas Luescher, and
Jigjidsuren S.

I experiment (1993-1994) - Totally 58 varieties or samples of 17 species in 15 genus were planted at 1.5m2 (0.6х2.5m) area with 4 replication in mountainous region of Khangai. The space between rows is 15 cm.

II experiment (1996-1998) - In this experiment we used 25 samples of 9 species in 4 genus which had been selected from the first experiment depending on hay production and seed production as well as wintering. A plot 9 m2 (1.5х6) with 4 replication, the space between rows is 30-45 cm. The end of the experiment we had chosen 4 species of Agropyron, 5 species of Bromus. “СиБНИЙСХоз-189” variety used as a control. A plot for this experiment was 54 m2 (6x9) with 4 replication.

III experiment (2008) Multiply the seeds - The seed of selected samples of Agropyron MK-00193 and Bromus MK-0099 were multiplies at 2592 m2 (54x48).

We had selected 25 varieties or samples of legumes and grasses such as Agropyron, Bromus, Elymus, Festuca from observation plots in 1996-1998 depending on development cycle and green biomass. The samples of Agropyron (МК-00192 and МК-00193) had received 11-12 points, the samples of Bromus (МК-0099, МК-00101) 12-13 points, the samples of Elymus from Chuluut and Ikhtamir soum of Arkhangai province had received 10-13 points. Among them the samples of Bromus and Agropyron had selected by wintering, germination and hay production.
The samples of Bromus (MK-0099, MK-00101) and Agropyron (MK-00192, MK-00193) had cultivated in 2004-2005 and had compared between genus on wintering, plant growth and development, hay and seed production and duration of seed mature. In a result of this experiment the samples of Agropyron cristatum MK-00193, Bromus inermus MK-0099 showed the best results. Thus samples had approved as a varieties: “Chuluut” variety of Agropyron cristatum, “Tamir” variety of Bromus inermus in 2011.
The variety “Chuluut” of Agropyron cristatum regrow the end of Apr and last through 118 days. Hay production contains 11.6% protein, 23.7% cellulose, digestibility of organic matter
55.21%, It gives 3.2 c/ha hay, 1.8 c/ha seed production. The vatiety “Tamir” of Bromus inermus regrow the end of the Apr and growing period last through 128 days. Hay production contains 12.97% protein, 21.7% cellulose, digestibility of organic matter 56.1%, It gives 3.8 c/ha hay production, 2.1 c/ha seed production under non-irrigated condition. 
Thus varieties are suitable for restoration of degraded land, improving the pastureland, increasing the cultivated hay production, lawn for the city horticulture. “Chuluut” variety more suitable for pastureland, “Tamir” variety more suitable for cultivated hay production.

Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) O. Ktze. is a species belonging to the Poaceae or Graminae family. The grass is prized for its inflorescences which are processed into soft brooms. Recently, there is a growing interest on its biology and uses. However, literature on this species is still scanty. In this paper, its importance in industry, medicine, agriculture, phytoremediation, bioengineering, climate change adaptation and its other relevant uses were reviewed from available literature primarily to promote it as a multipurpose crop that must be given attention by R&D institutions for the optimization of its potential.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and feeding value of peanut hay (Arachis hypogaea L.) produced under tropical environment as an alternate forage resource for sheep. Peanut hay was appreciably high in crude protein [CP; 105 g/kg dry matter (DM)] and lower in neutral detergent fiber (NDF; 466 g/kg DM). Moreover, peanut hay was rich in Ca (12 g/kg DM) and P (1.7 g/kg DM). A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of substituting wheat straw with peanut hay on nutrient intake, digestibility, and N utilization. Four adult Ramghani (Kaghani × Rambouillet) wethers (60 ± 2.5 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to the four dietary treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The four rations were formulated on isonitrogenous and isocaloric bases and differed in the proportion (in grams per kilogram DM) of wheat straw/peanut hay, i.e., 700:0, 460:240, 240:460, and 0:700. The replacement of wheat straw with peanut hay increased the intakes of DM (P < 0.001), NDF (P < 0.01), and N (P < 0.001). Moreover, apparent in vivo digestibility of DM, NDF, and CP increased (P < 0.001) with the increasing proportion of peanut hay in the ration. Nitrogen retention in the body increased (P < 0.01; 3.2 to 8.1 g/day) with the replacement of wheat straw with peanut hay. These findings showed that substitution of wheat straw with peanut hay can improve DM and nutrients intake, digestibility, and N retention in sheep.

Öz: Bu çalışma hasılmatikte üretilen arpa ve yulaf yeşil hasılının farklı günlerdeki besin madde içeriklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada %100 arpa tohumu; % 100 yulaf tohumu ve %75 arpa tohumu+ %25 yulaf tohumu karışımı kullanılmıştır. Yeşil hasıl örnekleri 5. ve 7. günlerde alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda arpa grubunun yeşil hasıl boyu ve yaş ağırlığı en yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Kuru madde değeri 7. günde en düşük arpa hasılında en yüksek yulaf hasılında tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05) Denemenin 7 gününde hasılların ham kül, ham selüloz, ham yağ, asit deterjan lif ve nötral deterjan lif içerikleri düzeyleri 5. güne göre tüm gruplarda artış göstermiştir (P<0.05). Bunun aksine yeşil hasılın nispi yem değerlerinde azalma görülmüştür (P<0.05). Denemenin sonunda arpa ve arpa+yulaf hasılı karışımlarının yeşil hasıl özelliklerinin daha iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the nutrient values of barley and oat green fodder produced by hasılmatik at different days. In this study, 100% barley seed, 100% oat seed, and 75% barley seed + 25% oat seed mixture were used. Green fodder samples were taken at d of 5 and 7. At the end of the research, height and fresh weight of green fodder in barley group were the highest among the groups. Dry matter was lowest in barley fodder but highest in oat fodder at the d of 7. Crude ash, crude fiber and ether extract, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were increased at d of 7 compared at d of 5. Likewise, relative feed value of green fodder was decreased. At the end of the study, it was observed that the properties of green fodder were better in barley and barley+oat mixture.

The aim of the study was to assess dairy farmers’ knowledge on forage production and utilization in the Lake Victoria crescent and Eastern Highlands Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs) of Uganda. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to a total of 208 small holder dairy farmers in Masaka (100) and Mbale (108) districts. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists. While the main source of forage is on farm (67.2%), forage growing is not taken as a tradition among small holder dairy farmers. The most prominent forage species used for feeding livestock are Pennisetum purpureum, Calliandra calothyrsus, Musa paradisiacal (peelings and stems), and Leucaena leucocephala. Milk production increases during months of forage abundance (March to May and September to November) and the observed trends are generally comparable to the seasonal rainfall patterns in Uganda. Forage production among dairy farmers is significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by location, household size, land ownership, forage source and livestock feeding system. Apart from chopping before feeding the animals, minimal processing is done to forage. The study provides a basis for designing interventions for improving fodder production and utilization among Uganda’s smallholder dairy farmers.

The increasingly demand of chicken meat in Sudan has prompted more poultry farming with consequent effects on increased utilization of organic wastes (e.g. chicken manure) as fertilizers. Organic wastes contain varying amounts of water, mineral nutrients and organic matter. While the use of organic wastes as manure has been in practice for centuries worldwide. A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat during the period (February-May 2007) to study the effect of different rates of chicken manure on growth and forage yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.), Moench). The treatments consisted of four levels of chicken manure; 0, 1.2, 2.5 and 5.0 tons/ha. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design in four replicates. The character studies were plant population, plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, leaf area index, and fresh and dry forage yield. The results showed that there were significant differences among treatments in most parameters during the growing period for growth attributes under study. Chicken manure resulted in an increase in growth attributes as well as forage yield. Chicken manure (5 tons/ha) produced higher fresh and dry forage at harvest than the other treatments.

A Field experiment was carried out at BAIF's KVK Chaswad in Bharuch district during 2014 to 2016 with an objective to study the various forage cropping systems for green fodder production and find out the best remunerative year round fodder production system suitable to the South Gujarat conditions. The experiment was conducted with five cropping systems replicated four times in randomized block design. The cropping systems comprised of the combination of annual and perennial cereals and legumes crops. The three years pooled data revealed that the combination of Hybrid Napier variety BAIF Napier Hybrid-10 with Desmanthus (Hedge Lucerne) in 1:5 proportion has given significantly higher green fodder yield of 1701.41 q/ha, gross monetary returns of Rs. 294,872/ha, net monetary returns of Rs. 228,977/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 4.47. The soil fertility status was also maintained over a period of three years due to this cropping system.

The cold arid region of India is usually accompanied by high altitude with little or no rainfall thus making the atmosphere cold and dry. Sixteen percent of the total landmass of the world is under the cold arid zones. Indian cold deserts come under the Trans-Himalayan zone. Major parts are confined to Ladakh in Jammu & Kashmir and Lahaul & Spiti in Himachal Pradesh. In Jammu and Kashmir, the cold desert lies between 32°15ʹ 36° N and 75°15ʹ 80°15ʹ E. It covers approximately 68,321sq km. The flora of this region comes under alpine and high alpine zones, followed by few stunted shrubs and bushes. Among these floras, there are several fodder plants which are used by the local people for livestock feeding. Local people rear livestock, particularly cattle, goat, sheep and yak, which play a key role in the development of the socioeconomic condition of the inhabitants as they get milk, meat, wool etc. from them besides the manure for improvement of soil fertility. Farmers also earn some ca...

A field experiment was conducted at Forage Research and Management Centre, NDRI, Karnal during rabi season in 2013 to study the effect of nitrogen application and weed management on growth and yield of fodder turnip (Brassica compestris var. rapa) with four levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) and four weed management practices (pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha, hand weeding, isoproturon @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha and weedy check) consisting of four replications in split plot design. Among N treatments of 150 kg application N/ha gave the highest growth, yield and quality. For weed management, application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. proved to be better in terms of growth and yield of turnip. Highest net return of ` 70,099 in 150 kg N/ha and ` 66,240 in pendimethalin application was observed with corresponding benefit: cost ratio of 1.77 and 1.79.

Fodder insufficiency and its poor-quality leads to lower productivity of Indian cattle. To improve productivity and quality of fodder oats, the present study was undertaken with residual effect of three maize cultivars (V 1 : African Tall, V 2 : J-1006; V 3 : P-3396) on oats cv. Kent and four nutrient management options (N 0 : Control; N 1 : 100% RDF; N 2 : 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya; N 3 : 50% RDF + 25% FYM + PGPR + Panchagavya) using Split Plot Design. Results showed that residual effect of maize cultivars did not cause significant variations on quality traits as well as economics of fodder oats. The use of 75% RDF + PGPR + Panchagavya (N 2) showed significantly higher dry fodder, crude protein, ether extract and total ash yields and it followed by 50% RDF + 25% FYM + PGPR + Panchagavya (N 3). The fibre fractions as well as nitrate concentrations were significantly lowered with the application of N 2 and N 3 options. The highest benefit in terms of net returns was also obtained ...

Fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. maritima) belongs to the Amaranthaceae family. It was introduced first in the Europe and then to USA in 1800 and is currently being grown under cool environmental conditions of the world. It can be cultivated at temperature ranging from 8°C to 25°C. Both shoots and roots of fodder beet can be used as a feed for livestock. In the face of changing climate, there is a dire need to find out climate-resilient crops in new niches that can fulfill the growing needs of farming communities. In this context, fodder beet could be a good option for growers having sizable marginal as well as salt-affected soils. The chapter discusses in detail the efficient salinity-tolerance mechanism of fodder beet that enables it to survive under moderate salinity. Selective ion uptake mechanism, efficient anti-oxidant defensive mechanism and osmoregulation by accumulation of compatible solutes enable it to thrive well under saline environment. Hence, fodder beet is a relatively salt-tolerant crop that can be successfully grown on normal, marginal as well as salt-affected soils to fulfill the fodder requirements of livestock in fodder-scarce times and salinity amelioration.

Sorghum is an important fodder crop and plays an important role in the Pakistan dairy industry. High yielding and superior quality sorghum varieties should be produced to meet the domestic needs. In arid and semiarid regions, drought is a major and serious constraint to sorghum production and adversely influences sorghum growth and germination. There are many approaches to combat the drought stress. Among these approaches breeding of crops contributes towards increase in yield under stress condition like drought stress by making the plant tolerant against stress. Ten genotypes of sorghum were evaluated at seedling stage to determine the genotypic variation among them on the basis of tolerance against drought stress and impact of drought on fodder quality. Three levels of water (100%, 75%, and 50% field capacity) were applied to the genotypes. The experiment was carried out in wire house following a triplicate completely randomized design with factorial arrangements. The data were recorded after 20 days of sowing on following traits such as root and shoot length, root shoot fresh and dry weight, leaf area, crude protein, relative water content, total ash contents and chlorophyll contents. Significant differences were found among the genotypes for all traits. The genotypes NARC-11 followed by Sorgh-11 gave better response in all levels of drought stress while F-114 gave poor response in all levels of drought stress. Abstract Introduction

The importance of animal husbandry during the Egyptian Bronze Age
(ca. 2750-1070 BC), and especially of stable farming for valuable
animals such as cattle and horses, requires the production of large
stocks of fodder. It is therefore necessary to examine the methods of
acquisition and the dierent types of fodder used by the Egyptians
during Antiquity, in order to meet the dierent needs. Indeed,
the constitution of fodder reserves may require the mobilisation of
large agrarian plots, but also require a specic organisation of plant
predation in the environment. Nevertheless, not all plants that can
be used as fodder have the same nutritional qualities or are suitable
for all species of animals. Quality fodder comes essentially from
crops that require a lot of eort and investment (land, techniques
and labour). On the contrary, the recovery of straw and cereal
by-products requires little or no additional work, and maximises
production costs.
Key-Words: fodder; animal husbandry; agriculture; meadows;
legumes; cereals; cereal by-products; stables

Three piles of shoots, leaves, and pods were discovered in the Zagunluk cemetery (about AD 100-400 based on 14C dating), Xinjiang, NW China. Morphological characteristics assigned the specimens to Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa). The preserved condition of alfalfa remains unambiguously indicate that the plant was of great economic importance and used as hay fodder at that time. This study provides the first systematic archeobotanical data about the forage utilization of alfalfa and the earliest relevant physical material so far known in China. Our results also help us to understand the dispersal of alfalfa across the Eurasia via the southern Xinjiang region and the cultural exchange information between China and the West.

From the results of two years of experimentation, it may be concluded that application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash (120 kg N+60 kg P2O5+30 kg K2O) and sowing of fodder oat with berseem in 2:1 appear to be better practice for enhancing productivity and quality of fodder followed by sowing of oat with lucern in 2:1 ratio in the region as these treatment combinations recorded the highest total green fodder yield of 624.57 q ha-1 and total dry fodder yield of 91.31 q ha-1 in the pooled analysis and the maximum net monetary returns (Rs.37209.93 ha-1) with B:C ratio of 4.05 closely followed by Rs.36457.23 ha-1 and B:C ratio of 3.97 in above treatments. However, these findings are only indicative as these are based on two years investigation. Therefore, further investigation is required for confirmation of these results and formulation of useful recommendation for the farmers.

Meckering farmers, Robert and Vicki Beard, have established lucerne on ten per cent of their cropping land to prevent the spread of dryland salinity and improve the productivity of their farm. This study addresses the question: what impact will the introduction of lucerne into their traditional farming system (annual crops and pastures/sheep) have on live weight, and wool yield and quality of Merino ewes? On 27 December 2002, 180 ewe weaners were weighed and randomly allocated, on a stratified weight basis, to two groups. Since then, one group has been grazing rotationally on lucerne pastures, and the other on stubbles/volunteer annual pastures with supplementation as required (traditional system). Fortnightly, animals are being individually weighed and pastures sampled to determine dry matter availability and quality. Dye-banding is being done every six weeks to determine linear wool growth, and 10 x 10 cm midside patches are being taken every 12 weeks to determine wool yield and quality. Animals were scanned to determine eye muscle and fat depth. Preliminary results after 157 days of grazing showed that 90 % of ewes grazing on a traditional system gained 6-15 kg live weight, compared with 15-22 kg gained by those grazing on lucerne. Animals grazed on lucerne also showed improvement in market specifications for meat. The field measurements will be completed at shearing in September 2003.

Fodder beet has become a popular winter feed for all stock classes in New Zealand. However, poor crop establishment frequently leads to either significant loss in yield, through below-target plant populations, weed competition, or crop failure. This study demonstrates that establishing the crop from transplants, common in the vegetable industry, is one way to achieve a uniform plant population and reduce weed competition through early establishment of canopy cover. The most significant effect of transplant establishment is that the target plant population is readily achieved.

Fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. maritima) belongs to the Amaranthaceae family. It was introduced first in the Europe and then to USA in 1800 and is currently being grown under cool environmental conditions of the world. It can be cultivated at temperature ranging from 8°C to 25°C. Both shoots and roots of fodder beet can be used as a feed for livestock. In the face of changing climate, there is a dire need to find out climate-resilient crops in new niches that can fulfill the growing needs of farming communities. In this context, fodder beet could be a good option for growers having sizable marginal as well as salt-affected soils. The chapter discusses in detail the efficient salinity-tolerance mechanism of fodder beet that enables it to survive under moderate salinity. Selective ion uptake mechanism, efficient antioxidant defensive mechanism and osmoregulation by accumulation of compatible solutes enable it to thrive well under saline environment. Hence, fodder beet is a relatively salt-tolerant crop that can be successfully grown on normal, marginal as well as salt-affected soils to fulfill the fodder requirements of livestock in fodderscarce times and salinity amelioration.

55. lnt,khab Aalum Jehanglr, fAISUl-UR RASOOL, H U. Khan, T. MUBARAK, Tahir all AND s a. bANGROO [Response of fodder oats (.tv,.na utiva L.) to sowing dates, Fertility levels and cutting management]. Crop Re,. 45(1, 2 & 3): 272 275 (2013}. Division of Soil 5of'nce 5/ier e k,,s/,m/r umvf'm!y of agnwltural sdenc,., and technology, ,lialimar 191 121 (J & K), lnd,a ABSTRACT The result of two-year experiment conducted to find out the influence of ,owing dates, fertility leve(s and cutting management on the yie!d and qual,ty of oats revealed that September 30 sow;ng recorded an increase in green fodder yield by 41.97 and 43 56% and dry matter yield by 23.1 5 and 22.51% over October 10 sowm9 dur;ng 2009 10 and 2010-11, respectively. crude protein was highest In Octobe, 10 sown crop, whereas crude fibre was highest in September 20 sown crop. The fertility level 150: 70 : 40 N : P10s · K 1 0 kgfha increased the green foddery,eld by 5.63 and 16.91% during 2009 10 and 6 25 and 22.48% in 2 0 1 0 11 and dry matter yield by S 63 and 13.70% in 2009-10 and 5.51 and 18 60% in 2010 11 over 125: 60: 30 and 1 00: 50: 20 N: P20S: K20 kgjha, respect,vely crude protein content increased, wh,!e crude fibre content decreased with Increase III fertility level. Double cut crop recorded 14.75 and 16 24% Increase III green fodder yield and 3.70 and 1 36% In dry matter yield over single cut crop during 2009 10 and 2010 11, respectively. crude protein content was higher and crude fibre content was lower in double cut compared to single cut crop.

Sorghum is an important fodder crop and plays an important role in the Pakistan dairy industry. High yielding and superior quality sorghum varieties should be produced to meet the domestic needs. In arid and semiarid regions, drought is a major and serious constraint to sorghum production and adversely influences sorghum growth and germination. There are many approaches to combat the drought stress. Among these approaches breeding of crops contributes towards increase in yield under stress condition like drought stress by making the plant tolerant against stress. Ten genotypes of sorghum were evaluated at seedling stage to determine the genotypic variation among them on the basis of tolerance against drought stress and impact of drought on fodder quality. Three levels of water (100%, 75%, and 50% field capacity) were applied to the genotypes. The experiment was carried out in wire house following a triplicate completely randomized design with factorial arrangements. The data were re...

An extensive survey was conducted to find out the mineral composition of dry and green roughage in Charkhi Dadri district of Haryana state during Rabi season. To have a systematic and planned study all the four blocks were included and total 120 farming families were selected for the study. A questionnaire was prepared and individual farmer was interrogated regarding the type of feedstuffs and their amount fed to their animals. The samples of straws (wheat, rice and bajra straw), fodders (barseem, oat and grasses) and concentrate ingredients (cotton seed cake and wheat) offered to animals were collected from each village and analysed for minerals. Majority of the farmers were using wheat straw (90.8%). Results of mineral analysis reveal that wheat straw was deficient in Ca (0.21%) and P (0.7%) concentration in terms of daily dietary requirement. Zn and Cu were also found deficient while Iron content was reported higher than daily dietary requirement in all the straws. The mean Mn concentration of wheat straw samples was found slightly lower than critical limit. During the season berseem was the most preferred green fodder fed by of farmer of Charkhi Dadri i.e., 73.3% of farmers were feeding barseem in the district. Results of mineral analysis reveal that barseem had adequate Ca and P concentrations (1.06% and 0.27% respectively) which is sufficient to meet daily dietary requirement. Zn and Cu were found deficient while Iron content was reported higher than dietary requirement in barseem fodder. The mean Mn content of barseem fodder was found close to daily requirement in Badhra block i.e., 41.39 ppm.

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Fodder beet has distinct benefits such as high yield potential, excellent feed quality (especially metabolisable energy), and suitability for cool temperate climates. Production area has recently increased dramatically in New Zealand, primarily for non-lactating cow feed during winter but increasingly for other animals and times of the year. Currently, establishing fodder beet requires intensive land cultivation and precision sowing of pelleted seed. It is generally regarded as a difficult crop to grow successfully. Competition from early season weeds means that multiple herbicide applications are commonly applied. Delaying the sowing date, until soil temperatures have risen enough for germination, limits the flexibility of this crop within farm rotations. Transplanting is a plant establishment technique common in both forestry and vegetable crops. It simplifies establishment and reduces the risk of poor establishment. Here we demonstrate that transplanting of fodder beet can be conducted successfully with low variability observed within the transplanted crop. Individual root volume and dry matter content are similar, whether crops are precision-drilled or transplanted. Our results suggest that transplanting is a financially feasible option for fodder beet establishment.