Euphonium

This research illustrates the development of the euphonium in Brazil. The document consists of a timeline of the euphonium in the country, and an annotated bibliography of selected solo and chamber works that employ the instrument, written by Brazilian composers. Both the timeline and the bibliography present original research. The instrument is an essential part of traditional Brazilian music such as the wind bands and popular genres. The euphonium is already considered as unique in institutions and music festivals, and concert music composers are increasing their interest in the multiple facets of this sweet-voiced instrument. However, there is no research that has been dedicated to the history of the instrument in Brazil, its participation in ensembles and genres, and its collaborative performers and composers. Also, the improvement and variety of the original repertoire after the 2000s deserves documentation, through the creation of an annotated bibliography. This document will provide a foundation for further studies by euphonium scholars, and benefit the music academy in Brazil, due to the newness of the research.

Resumo: Neste texto são realizadas explicações sobre a história dos instrumentos de sopro, em especial sobre o desenvolvimento dos “metais” tenores. Estes são: o trombone, saxhorn barítono, oficleide e o eufônio. Tais instrumentos são relacionados às orquestras e bandas do começo do século XX, no Brasil. Eles fizeram parte do arsenal instrumental dos primeiros "chorões", sendo que inicialmente o oficleide foi um dos mais populares, mas hoje em dia o trombone prevalece. É explicada a diferença entre o saxhorn e o eufônio, já que ambos são chamados de “bombardino”, nome bastante popular nas "rodas de choros" e nas primeiras gravações no Brasil.

Palavras chave: trombone, bombardino, oficleide, saxhorn, bandas de música, organologia.


Abstract: In this paper are carried out explanations about the history of wind instruments, in particular on the development of brass tenors. These are: the trombone, baritone saxhorn, oficleide and the euphonium. These instruments are related to orchestras and bands of the early twentieth century in Brazil. They were part of the arsenal of the first instrumental "whiners", and initially the oficleide was one of the most popular, but nowadays the trombone prevails. It explained the difference between the saxhorn and the euphonium, as both are called "bombardino", very popular name in the "rodas de choro" and the first recordings in Brazil.

Keywords: trombone, euphonium, oficleide, saxhorn, music bands, organology.

The tuning of specific notes on wind instruments is problematic. This document looks the at basic tendencies of individual instrument tuning. It offers directors and individual students suggestions and insights. This includes a quantitative system for individuals to log their personal instrument's tuning, learn it's tendencies, and gives them insights on how to play more in tune throughout the range of their instrument.

Tendo o universo do choro como uma das principais referências de música popular brasileira de raiz, percebemos a atuação de diversos instrumentistas de sopros na construção dos alicerces desta identidade sonora. Diante deste contexto sociocultural, objetiva-se um direcionamento para os músicos de metais graves que atuavam profissionalmente neste cenário. Tal direcionamento se justifica frente a necessidade de compreender melhor o desenvolvimento destes instrumentos e o papel que os mesmos representavam nas bandas de música. É com a intenção de mostrar a atuação dos músicos de metais graves para a comunidade dedicada a musicologia popular brasileira que este artigo é desenvolvido.
Palavras-chave: Choro. Tuba. Trombone. Bombardino. Bandas de música.