Dentist

Currently the BMD is only considered a risk factor that must be assessed in the context of age, sex, smoking, body weight, family history and / or personal fracture, etc [11, 27]. Management of osteoporosis patient by using medication (bisphonates(Alendronate-Risendronate), Glucose calcium 500-1000 mg and vit D3 600 units) [41].

Background: Laser photobiomodulation can be a useful adjunctive method in tissue engineering in enhancement of proliferation
and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Buccal fat pad-derived stem cells (BFPSCs)has been introduced as a promising
source for craniofacial bone tissue engineering. Current study aimed to evaluate the effects of near infra-red photobiomodulation
on (BFPSCs)behavior.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study a pulsed mode of irradiations showed better viability results. Although the 3J/
cm2 0.3W, Pulsed irradiation showed significantly better results for viability and proliferation, however no statistically significant
effect was observed in osteogenic differentiation.

Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of compliance with dental radiography quality assurance recommendations on the part of dental practitioners in the state of North Carolina and to determine whether the age of the practice was an influential factor affecting compliance.

Background and Objective: Dental occlusion is still a controversial field in dentistry. The dental professionals are trying to uncover the relationship between the influence of head posture on mandibular position and, therefore, occlusion. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess and compare the centric occlusion in three different head postures in mixed dentition children. Materials and Methods: Children with age group between 7 and 12 years were selected for the study, and centric occlusion in three different head postures was evaluated. The three head postures were supine (45° dorsiflexion) head posture, normal upright sitting head posture, and alert feeding (30° ventroflexion). Force outliers were recorded from all the children and were tabulated in SPSS version 20. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the data. Results: Statistically significant P-values were obtained on comparing different head postures in children with mixed dentition. Conclusion: Statistically significant changes of centric occlusion in varying head postures demonstrate that these parameters have to be evaluated before any oral rehabilitation procedures.

The  study  on  patient  satisfaction  at  priyadarshini 
dental college  and  hospital  are  conducted  to  measure  the 
level  of  satisfaction  as  well  quality  of  dental  care provided
.the  total  100 randomly  patients  were  surveyed .a
questionnaire  of  22 question  were  used  to  collect  the 
information  from the  patients, most  of  patients  were  satisfied
with  the  quality  of  care  they received  but  some  were 
dissatisfied  due  to  the  unable  to  understand  explanation  of 
treatment  option  provided  by  dental  students  and  the long   
waiting  time for the  treatment, patient  satisfaction  is  key 
determinant  of  quality  of  care.

Introduction: In different professions, including dentistry, work-related musculoskeletal
disorders (MSDs) are the main reason of loss of working period, increasing labor costs, human
injuries, and absence from work. Improper posture while working is the main cause of these
disorders among dentists. In this regard, identifying the risk factors and its potential harms are
absolutely necessary. However, dentists are not usually informed of the role of ergonomics in
the health of their musculoskeletal system. The aim of this study was to evaluate body posture
in dentists’ profession.
Methods: Through search in PubMed, Google, Scopus, and Medline, a total of 23 original
research papers were found with the keywords such as musculoskeletal disorders, dentists and
ergonomics. Then, the main factors responsible for MSDs among dentists and the ways to
prevent them were identified and presented.
Results: Dentists working in an asymmetric and static position. Usually their head is forward
and often rotates in one direction and hands are away from the body. Furthermore, dentists
need eye-hand coordination to work. Maintaining this posture for a long period causes stress
in the joints, muscles and tendons, especially in the neck, back, shoulder, and wrist body parts.
Work equipment is not often designed ergonomically. These factors lead to musculoskeletal
disorders like thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, rounded shoulders, forward head posture,
supraspinatus tendinitis, and trigger points in muscles like trapezius.
Conclusion: The work conditions and postures of dentists need to be improved. Furthermore,
the level of dental professional education regarding the risk factors of MSDs as well as correct
working conditions and postures should be increased.

To investigate attitudes of Greek dentists regarding the restoration of root canal treated (RCT) teeth and to compare them to recommended guidelines. Additionally, to examine relationships between degree of dentists' professional experience or region of practice location and attitudes of restoring RCT teeth. Method: Data were collected from 302 dentists using a structured self-administered questionnaire. For each dentist a score was assigned reflecting the level of compliance with scientific recommendations for restoration of RCT teeth. Results: 89.4% of the respondents reported that not every RCT tooth requires a post while the 46.4% stated that a post reinforces it. 76.2% of the participants believed that the ferrule design provides a reinforcement to RCT teeth. Dentists with 6-20 years of experience showed a higher level of compliance with the principles in the literature than their colleagues with less or more years of practising. No significant difference was detected between dentists practising in urban and rural areas. Conclusions: The majority of Greek dentists had knowledge in accordance with recommended guidelines, except the aspect of the reinforcement effect by the post. In contrast to the region of practice location, the degree of professional experience influenced the restoration of root-treated teeth.

Implanturile dentare sunt solutia moderna a dintiilor lipsa Consultatie clinica Consultul clinic este gratuit la cabinetul stomatologic DentoPlus Tratamente dentare Tratamente dentare efectuate de specialisti in stomatologie Estetica dentara Medicul dentist iti face dintii estetici pentru un zambet frumos Lucrari si Proteze Lucrarile si protezele dentare sunt garantate de medicul stomatolog Ultimele Sfaturi Stomatologice Marire Buze Augumentare cu Acid Hialuronic 400 Îmi place 290 Tweet 6

Dental anxiety is a complicated phenomenon, and its multicomponent nature is often not acknowledged in existing measurement instruments. Using a facet design, a new Dental Anxiety Inventory (DAI) was constructed. Facets chosen were: time(made up of four elements: at home, on your way to the denstist, in the denstist's waiting room, in the dental chair), situation (three elements: introductory aspects, dentist-patient interaction, actual dental treatment), and reaction (three elements: subjective feelings, physical reactions, cognitive reactions). Psychometric qualities of the DAI are good. The internal structure of the DAI was studied by linear and nonlinear techniques, and was partially recovered from the data. The construct and criterion validity of the DAI was supported in several studies.

Thailand is geographically located in southeast Asia and its population is 63 million. Little has been published on dental education in Thailand. This paper provides information about Thailand regarding its dental history, dental school system including curriculum and dental licensure. There are eight public and one private dental school in Thailand. A six-year dental education leads to the DDS degree. On graduation from the public dental schools, dentists are required to work in the public system for three years. Currently, there are approximately 8000 active dentists, with a dentist: population ratio of approximately 1:7000.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dentists are at risk for respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 due to the nature of their occupation, close contact with patients, and exposure to microdroplets. One of the most important psychological variables affecting the regular implementation of preventive health behaviors is fear. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between knowledge, fear and attitude, and COVID-19 preventive behaviors in dentists. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, based on multi-stage sampling method, 190 dentists in Tehran were included in the study. Data were collected based on self-administered method using demographic questions: the 8-item Fear of COVID-19 Scale (range of 8 to 16), the 8-item Attitude Scale (range of 8 to 40), the 15-item Knowledge Scale (range of 0 to 15), and the 12-item COVID-19 Preventive Performance Questionnaire (range of 12 to 60). FINDINGS: Only 24.74% of dentists received official training on COVID-19. The mea...

Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. The most powerful predictor of adult tobacco use is its initiation during adolescence, the most susceptible time for onset of this habit. Initiation of tobacco use is associated with peer pressure, parental use, school factors, cultural norms, lower self-esteem, accessibility, moderate pricing, desire for experimentation, and aggressive marketing by tobacco companies.

Today, dental problems are a major public health issue in many developing countries. Now there are many changes in lifestyles, awareness, and perspectives about dental care. This growing awareness about dental hygiene and the rising prevalence of dental care is expected to drive the market. The dental supplies account for the largest share of the overall dental market encompassing material, implants, equipment, and services. The potential size of India's dental market is immense and is anticipated to become one of the largest single-country markets for dental products and materials. The Indian market presents worthwhile and assorted opportunities for marketers with the right products, services, and commitment. This paper explores the market potential of dental material of various types and accesses the dentist's preferences towards the dental material brands in India. The primary data is collected from 150 dentists from Pune city of India and discoursed the analysis towards the market potential, usage counts, distribution percent, and preference assessment of dentists for the dental material. The outcome of the paper highlights the market potential value for dental material brands, usage priorities trend and dentist preferences for different elements. Furthermore, the study shows the association for the company brand, dental material, material requirement and type of material for market implications for dental material manufacturers.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonic activation and BC gutta-percha points in the obturation of root canals. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 40 single rooted lower premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. Root canal treatment was done after decoronation and equalization the length of the roots. The sample was divided randomly into four groups (n = 10) depending on whether or not ultrasonic activation used and the type of gutta-perhapoints: group 1: ultrasonic activation used for EndoSequence BC sealer are used with traditional gutta-percha (UAGP), group 2: ultrasonic activation used for EndoSequence BC sealer are used with BC gutta-percha (UABC), group 3: ultrasonic activation was not used for BC sealer with traditional gutta-percha (NAGP). group 4: ultrasonic activation was not used with BC gutta-percha (NABC). After filling the teeth, a microleakage test with 2% methylene blue was performed for all samples. Then, all samples were studied on a 20X stereomicroscope after clearing them. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA Test with a p value (p<0.05) and the confidence level (95%). Results: There were statistically significant differences in the average amount of microleakage (mm) between the filling groups with ultrasonic activation and the non-activation groups. While using endosequence BC points showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Ultrasonic activation of EndoSequence BC sealer improves root filling quality and reduces microleakege percentage. While using endosequence BC points showed no reduction in the microleakage level.

The Australian population is ageing, with the proportion of people aged 65+ years expected to increase from 13% in 2005 to 25% by 2051, and 50 000 people entering permanent residential aged care facilities (RACFs) each year (1-3). The average length of stay in permanent care is now 143.3 weeks (4). The dental profile of residents of aged care facilities in Australia has changed dramatically over the past 40 years, with declining edentulism rates and increasing numbers of teeth present resulting in a higher burden of oral disease. More than half of the residents are now dentate, having on average 12 teeth present (5, 6). Poor oral hygiene, dental caries and

Objectives. Profound and growing disparities exist in oral health among certain US populations. We sought here to determine the prevalence of oral health complaints among Harlem adults by measures of social class, as well as their access to oral health care.

Objective. The purpose of this report was to review the current literature on hepatitis C virus infection, with particular attention to the aspects of interest for dental health care staff. Material and methods. The authors searched original research and review articles on specific aspects of hepatitis C virus infection, including articles on virology, epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, natural history, extrahepatic manifestations, therapy, and oral aspects of hepatitis C virus infection. The relevant material was evaluated and reviewed.

Inlay is an indirect restorative technique which is a conservative approach to prevent full coverage restorations. Inlays can be fabricated by using metal, composite or ceramics. The aim of the study was to find the association between age, gender and tooth number in patients undergoing class I metal inlay restoration. Samples were collected from June 2019 - March 2020. It included all the people who had undergone class I metal inlay restoration. A total of 37 class I metal inlay procedures were done. The collected data was tabulated using microsoft excel and analysed using SPSS. Incomplete data was excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using a chi-square test. In our study, we observed that the age group below 30 years, reported the most for class I metal inlay restoration with higher incidence of males. Tooth 37 was the most common tooth involved in class I metal inlay restoration. Association between gender and class I metal inlay restorations revealed that the highest number of class I metal inlay restorations were done in males in tooth number 37, and the least were done in females in tooth number 38(p >0.05), however it was not statistically significant. Association between age and class I metal inlay restorations revealed that patients in the age group above
30 years underwent higher number of class I metal inlays in tooth number 37 and the least being patients in the age group above
30 yrs involving tooth number 36 (p >0.05), however it was not statistically significant.

Dental phobia is regarded as one of the greatest obstructions to adequate dental care. It has long been established that fearful dental patients are particularly sensitive to dentists&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; behavior and performance of dental care. There is a need for the establishment of a systematic theory of dentist-patient communication and new methods analyzing how dentists interact with their patients. In this qualitative study, thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted in 1998 and 1999 with five dentists (three male and two female). Dentists consulted on two occasions with 15 newly enrolled, consecutive dental phobic patients (2 male and 13 female) in a Swedish clinic specializing in the treatment of odontophobia. The time interval between consultation one and two was approximately 2-3 weeks. Analysis of the transcribed interviews was based by the principles of Grounded Theory. The study identified one core category, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Holistic perception and understanding of the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;, two categories, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;The dentist&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s positive outlook on people&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;The dentist&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s positive view of patient contact&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;, and six further subcategories. Findings support previous models of patient-centered medicine and contribute to a better understanding of how patient-centered dentists interact with dental phobic patients.

Adolescence has traditionally been viewed as a time of optimal health. 1 But the ever rising menace of vices such as use of tobacco products has become a leading cause of otherwise preventable illness and death around the world 2-5. There is a clear dose-response relationship with Tobacco usage. 6 In addition to being associated with a number of cancers and coronary conditions, tobacco is a primary risk factor for oral cancer as well as leukoplakia, periodontitis and delayed wound healing. 2, 3, 4,7,8,9 Smoking is also a casual factor in the development of Stomatitis nicotina, gingival bleeding, Gingival recession, Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG), increased dental calculus formation, halitosis and dental staining. In addition to these health problems, tobacco use is responsible for 20 to 25% of deaths in the developed world. Based on current patterns, smoking will kill about 650 million people alive in the world today and if these patterns continue, tobacco caused deaths worldwide are expected to reach about 10 million per

It has been shown that color-naming in the emotional Stroop task may be influenced by a person&#x27;s emotional state. In particular, higher levels of anxiety are associated with significant interference in color-naming. Some recent studies have reported, however, that under more intense conditions the interference effect is suppressed. This is referred to here as the intensity paradox in emotional Stroop

The aim was to assess the anatomo-functional changes in the carpal tunnel lumen during standard and ergonomic methodology of holding the carpulo-injector in dentistry. Materials and methods. 100 dentists aged 30 to 45 years (average 38±6 years) without carpal tunnel pathology were examined. As part of the experiment, conduction (mandibular) anesthesia was carried out on a biological material (head) under conditions close to natural, using a disposable carpool syringe-injector. Comparative analysis of carpal tunnel lumen was carried out according to the ultrasound examination data. Results. Under the the standard technique of holding the syringe-injector, a significant change in all parameters of the carpal tunnel lumen were noted: while its width was considerably reduced, its maximum height was increased in parallel due to wrist flexor tendon strain, which may contribute to carpal tunnel syndrome. Under the ergonomic technique of holding the syringe-injector, the anatomo-functional parameters of the carpal tunnel lumen did not significantly change, which indicates less tension load on the median nerve from the tendons of flexor muscles. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that ergonomic methods of carpula syringe holding during perduction anaesthesia can reduce the influence of tension load on the median nerve from the flexor muscles’ tendons, which will help prevent the carpal tunnel syndrome in dentists.

The aim of the current study is to examine the various factors, which contribute to high levels of mercury (Hg) in the hair of Lebanese dentists. The survey, which was carried out on ninety-nine dentists in the greater Beirut area, included a structured questionnaire designed to provide information about the parameters that influenced their occupational exposure to Hg. These included: precautionary measures, dental fillings, work habits and lifestyle of the tested dentists. The study showed that two of the four investigated precautionary measures had a significant effect on Hg level. The results revealed that, at the 95% confidence levels, Hg concentration in hair was significantly lower among the dentists who always used gloves and masks. Multiple regression analysis showed that the use of masks (Ps0.055) had significant effects on mercury accumulation in hair. In addition, dentists who saw more than eight patients per day had marginally higher mercury levels in their hair than those who did not. Since it was shown that precautionary measures could limit exposure to Hg concentration, then the use of protective measures needs to be emphasized. ᮊ

Background and Objective:
Tube feeding has been significantly associated with a higher rate of aspiration pneumonia that is mainly related to oral
microorganisms and a reduced salivary flow. Thus, the difference in the mode of nutritional intake is expected to affect the oral
environment, but this has not yet been fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate, in tube-fed patients, changes in the
oral moisture and the counts of microorganisms in saliva and tongue coating, which occur after oral ingestion resumption.
Methods:
Study participants were 7 tube-fed inpatients of the Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital (72.7±8.5 years old) who
received dysphagia rehabilitation at the Unit of Dysphagia Rehabilitation until oral ingestion resumption. Their oral health,
swallowing, and nutrition status, oral mucosal moisture, amount of unstimulated saliva and the counts of microorganisms (total
microorganisms, streptococci, Candida) in saliva and tongue coating were investigated and compared before and after the
recommencement of oral intake.
Results:
Tongue coating, choking, oral mucosal moisture and amount of unstimulated saliva were improved significantly after resumption of
oral ingestion. The other investigated parameters did not significantly change, except for the streptococci in tongue coating, which
significantly increased 1 week after oral ingestion recommencement, but decreased thereafter.
Conclusion:
After oral intake resumption, oral mucosal moisture and amount of unstimulated saliva were improved. However, because of a
transitory increase in the counts of streptococci with oral ingestion recommencement, it is important to appropriately manage oral

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) account for the most common orofacial pains rising from musculoskeletal origin. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes and practice of dental practitioners regarding TMD in Tehran, Iran. A questionnaire, containing 29 questions on etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of TMD, was given to 200 randomly selected general dental practitioners and specialists as well as 11 TMD ex-perts. An overall response rate of 97% was achieved among participants (mean age: 39 ± 8.2 years old; mean years in practice: 11.5 ± 7.4). The mean score of knowledge of TMD was found to be 10.85± 2.54 (of a total of 23). TMD specialists were significantly more knowledgeable than general dental practitioners (p&lt;0.05). With respect to attitude, there was a significant difference among various age groups, and by increasing age and years in practice, the attitude towards TMD had weakened. However, no significant difference was ...

The purpose of the survey was to assess through a mailed questionnaire the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding oral cancer and their relationship with different indicators in a random sample of 1000 dentists in Italy. Respondents know the major risk factors and only half identify the diagnostic procedures. One-third indicated the most common form and the early lesions and this knowledge was more likely in those graduated from dental school and attended a course on oral cancer in the previous year. Approximately two-thirds (64.8%) believed that they were prepared to perform an oral cancer examination and to palpate lymph nodes in patients' necks. Multiple logistic regression revealed that this positive attitude was significantly higher for those who graduated from medical school and for those who have attended a course on oral cancer in the previous year. Half of the dentists routinely perform an oral cancer examination on all patients and it was more likely by those graduated from dental school, those who know that squamous cell is the most common form of oral cancer and that an early oral cancer lesion usually is a small, painless red area, those who believed that they are prepared to perform an oral cancer examination and to palpate lymph nodes in patients' necks, those who have attended a course on oral cancer in the previous year, and those who claim they need information. The importance of health care professionals as communicators of public health messages should be emphasized.

The aim was to assess the anatomo-functional changes in the carpal tunnel lumen during standard and ergonomic methodology of holding the carpulo-injector in dentistry. Materials and methods. 100 dentists aged 30 to 45 years (average 38±6 years) without carpal tunnel pathology were examined. As part of the experiment, conduction (mandibular) anesthesia was carried out on a biological material (head) under conditions close to natural, using a disposable carpool syringe-injector. Comparative analysis of carpal tunnel lumen was carried out according to the ultrasound examination data. Results. Under the the standard technique of holding the syringe-injector, a significant change in all parameters of the carpal tunnel lumen were noted: while its width was considerably reduced, its maximum height was increased in parallel due to wrist flexor tendon strain, which may contribute to carpal tunnel syndrome. Under the ergonomic technique of holding the syringe-injector, the anatomo-functional parameters of the carpal tunnel lumen did not significantly change, which indicates less tension load on the median nerve from the tendons of flexor muscles. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that ergonomic methods of carpula syringe holding during perduction anaesthesia can reduce the influence of tension load on the median nerve from the flexor muscles’ tendons, which will help prevent the carpal tunnel syndrome in dentists.

There is a strong body of evidence that supports the relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus (DM). Many patients are unaware of the effects of diabetes on oral health. Whether health care providers are applying the information about the link between DM and periodontal diseases in their practices depends on the levels of their knowledge of such valuable information. Therefore, the aims of this study are to evaluate the knowledge of dental and medical practitioners concerning the effects of diabetes on periodontal health and to find out if the practitioners are aware of the bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM. This was a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected general practitioners practicing in Kuwait. Participants were asked about specific periodontal complications that they believed patients diagnosed with diabetes were more susceptible to, and their awareness of the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases was evaluated. A total of 510 general practitioners (232 physicians and 278 dentists) participated in the study. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding mean ages, sex distributions, and years in practice. Only 50% of all study participants believed that patients with diabetes were more susceptible to tooth loss because of periodontal diseases than were individuals without diabetes. Dentists were significantly more aware of gingival bleeding, tooth mobility, and alveolar bone resorption than were physicians. Factors significantly associated with having knowledge about the effects of diabetes on periodontal health in logistic regression analyses were older age, female sex, and the dental profession. The knowledge about the association between periodontal diseases and DM should be increased among dental and medical practitioners to effectively prevent, manage, and control diabetes and periodontal diseases.

Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper This series is produced by the Health, Nutrition, and Population Family (HNP) of the World Bank's Human Development Network. The papers in this series aim to provide a vehicle for publishing preliminary and unpolished results on HNP topics to encourage discussion and debate. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. Citation and the use of material presented in this series should take into account this provisional character. For free copies of papers in this series please contact the individual author(s) whose name appears on the paper. Enquiries about the series and submissions should be made directly to the Editor, Homira Nassery ([email protected]). Submissions should have been previously reviewed and cleared by the sponsoring department, which will bear the cost of publication. No additional reviews will be undertaken after submission. The sponsoring department and author(s) bear full responsibility for the quality of the technical contents and presentation of material in the series.

We evaluated the effectiveness of professional oral health care (POHC) given by dental hygienists once a week for 24 months to 141 elderly persons needing daily care and living in 2 nursing homes. Study design. Elderly subjects with POHC and without POHC living in 2 nursing homes were examined for 24 months to detect any fevers of 37.8°C or more and the prevalence of fatal aspiration pneumonia. The numbers of Staphylococcus species and Candida albicans in swab samples from oral cavities were compared between the POHC group and the non-POHC group. The amounts of methylmercaptan exhaled in the POHC group were determined and compared with those in the non-POHC group. Results. The prevalence of fevers of 37.8°C or more in the subjects receiving POHC was significantly lower than in the non-POHC group (P Ͻ .05). We found that the ratio of fatal aspiration pneumonia in the POHC group during the 24 months was significantly lower than in the non-POHC group (P Ͻ .05). Numbers of C albicans species in samples obtained from the oral cavity after 6 months of POHC were significantly lower than those in the non-POHC group (P Ͻ .01). POHC resulted in the reduction of the presence of Staphylococcus but not to a statistically significant extent. The amounts of methylmercaptan exhaled by the POHC group were significantly less than those of the non-POHC group (P Ͻ .05). Conclusion. This study showed that POHC administered by dental hygienists to a group of elderly patients needing daily nursing care was associated with a reduction in prevalence of fever and fatal pneumonia.

Case Reports Case no. 1 A dentist referred a 74-year-old woman to clarify a doubtful adverse reaction to local anesthetics (LA). In her medical history, no atopic illness, drug hypersensitivity or allergic contact reactions were encountered. Earlier loca1 anesthesias were well tolerated. The patient was medicated with Aspirin Cardio A and Sotalex A (sotalol HC1). 4 h after the application of a dental LA with articaine (Ubistesin A), itching, reddening and swelling appeared on the cheek of the treated side. Urticaria or similar symptoms were not observed. On insistent questioning, the patient remembered that her lips had been itchy and swollen after a dental procedure without LA 2 months ago. Prick tests with inhalation allergens, local anesthetics and latex, intradermal tests with articaine and prilocaine, and a subcutaneous provocation test with articaine (Ultracain DS A , total 3.1 ml) were all negative. Specific IgEs (SX-1, latex, disinfectant mixture) were all ∞0.35 kU/l (class 0). Patch tests with the European standard series, sulfites, local anesthetics, acrylates and metals used in dentistry were positive to thiuram mix and colophonium (Table 1).

Children and adolescents are often affected by a variety of periodontal diseases and conditions. Gingivitis, if it occurs at an early age, tends to increase in its severity and finally peaks at the onset of puberty. However untreated gingival diseases in childhood, may progress to severe forms of periodontal diseases in adulthood. There have been many studies over the years which have analysed the character and factors affecting the distribution of carious lesions no similar measures have been implemented for gingivitis and periodontitis in pediatric dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between gender, age and gingivitis among children between 6-10 years of age visiting Saveetha Dental College. A retrospective study was carried out using digital records of patients who reported to the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry from June 2019 to March 2020. A total of 103 patients between ages of 6-10 years were finally included for the study evaluation. The age, gender and gingival status were observed from the digital records and tabulated on a spreadsheet. The collected
data was analysed by computer software SPSS version 20 using Chi square test with the level of significance set at 5%. It was observed that around 46% of the participants had gingivitis. There was no significant association between gender and age and gingival status (p>0.05). Within limits of the study it can be concluded that there is high prevalence of gingivitis among pediatric patients, but there is no significant variation in gingival status by age and gender.

This article describes a new case of a rare syndrome which combines uncommon conditions, such as hypoplastic amelogenenesis imperfecta (AI), delay of permanent tooth eruption, gingival enlargement, pulpal calcifications and bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. The importance of syndrome diagnosis and recognition in this condition is in guiding pediatric dentist, who meets this patient group in early age, to recognize the possibility of renal anomalies in patients AI in order that affected individuals might benefit from early referral to nephrology services and hence improved prognosis. Mots clés : amélogenèse imparfaite / néphrocalcinose Résumé-Amélogénèse imparfaite : signes d'alerte pour les pédodontistes. L'amélogenèse imparfaite est une anomalie de la structure de l'émail qui peut toucher les deux dentures. Elle est souvent associée à un retard d'éruption et à des inclusions multiples. Ce tableau clinique bucco-dentaire peut être associé à une néphrocalcinose médullaire qui peut évoluer vers l'insuffisance rénale. Cet article a pour objectif de sensibiliser les médecins dentistes sur l'intérêt du dépistage précoce du syndrome associant l'amélogenèse imparfaite à la néphrocalcinose afin d'améliorer le pronostic vital des patients.

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the general population at different levels. In the context "prevention is better than cure" certain norms has been implemented by the government like maintaining social distancing and wearing masks. In this pandemic, individuals are facing numerous issues due to minimal availability to physical health and dental care. The solution to this problem of physical unavailability is telemedicine and teledentistry. Teledentistry is a means of virtual communication between patients and consultants which must be incorporated in general healthcare and dental care systems. Though with numerous advantages, this technology also posseses some disadvantages. Proper knowledge and application of this technology should be understood by the healthcare workers for it"s suitable implementation. If not fully replace, at least teledentistry can complement the existing compromised dental system during the current pandemic.