Coins Hoards

A Hoard of 3rd cent. AD Roman Coins Found in Videzzàte di Groppallo (Comune di Farini, Piacenza)

The small parcel of antoniniani published here was found in unknown circumstances and was immediately dispersed by the founder. It consisted originally of around one thousand pieces and only recently a part was reported to the  local  Soprintendenza Archeologica. This part consists of 108 antoniniani issued by Gallienus (sole reign, 260-268, including four in the name of Salonina), Claudius  Gothicus (268-270) and  Quintillus (early 270), of the mints of Rome, Milan and Siscia. There are no specimens of the Claudius’ divus type. The chronological frame is rather close, from 260 to early 270, a period of severe instability in the area, with prolonged wars between the imperial forces and Alamannic groups.

The discovery of twelve denarii found individually between 1985 and 1991 at New Fordey Farm, Barway, Soham in Cambridgeshire complements finds of aurei and denarrii at the same location reported in 1958, 1979, 1981 and 1984. The presence of associated pottery sherds, and progressively decreasing wear from oldest to youngest coin, identify this as a disturbed hoard of at least 451 coins (the total found to date) with a closing date of AD 180 in the reign of Commodus (AD 180–92). This paper describes the most recent finds and places them in the context of the earlier reports and what is known of Roman activity in the immediate vicinity, before considering possible reasons for their deposition.

Συμμετοχή στις εργασίες του Γ΄ Συνεδρίου για "Το Αρχαιολογικό Έργο στη Βορειοδυτική Ελλάδα και τα νησιά του Ιονίου"

Περίληψη:
Η Σικυώνα παρουσιάζει αξιόλογη νομισματική κυκλοφορία στη Βορειοδυτική Ελλάδα και τα νησιά του Ιονίου, όπως προκύπτει από τις αργυρές και χάλκινες κοπές που εντοπίζονται κυρίως σε τάφους, οικισμούς, ιερά και «θησαυρούς». Εξαιρετικά ενδιαφέρον κρίνεται, επίσης, το γεγονός ότι ορισμένες ταφές συνοδεύονται από δανάκες - ψευδονομίσματα που φέρουν στην έκτυπη επιφάνειά τους περιστέρι εν πτήσει, το κύριο έμβλημα των σικυώνιων κοπών. Η παρούσα μελέτη σκοπό έχει να ιχνηλατήσει την κυκλοφορία των νομισμάτων της Σικυώνας σε αυτό το γεωγραφικό χώρο. Για τη βέλτιστη ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση των δεδομένων που θα προκύψουν, θα επιχειρηθεί η αντιπαραβολή τους με την αντίστοιχη κυκλοφορία νομισμάτων της όμορης Κορίνθου, η οποία στις ίδιες περιοχές είχε αναπτύξει έντονη αποικιακή και εμπορική δράση.

Abstract
Sicyon presents remarkable monetary circulation in Northwestern Greece and the Ionian Islands, as evidenced by the silver and bronze issues that are found mainly in graves and hoards. Furthermore, the fact that certain burials are accompanied by ghost money - pseudocoins bearing on their printed surface a dove in flight, the main emblem of the sicyonian issues, is extremely interesting. The present study aims to trace the circulation of coinages from Sicyon in this geographical area. For the optimal interpretive approach of the resulting data, will be attempted a compare with the corresponding monetary circulation of neighboring Corinth, which in the same areas had developed intense colonial and commercial activity.

Metallinetsintä on kasvattanut suosiotaan Suomessa vuosi vuodelta. Tämän takia monet ovat entistä enemmän tekemisissä vanhojen rahojen kanssa. Tässä oppaassa kerrotaan maastamme yleisimmin löytyvistä rahatyypeistä, niiden yleisyydestä, ajoituksesta, maantieteellisestä levinnästä sekä löytöjen tärkeydestä. Opas sopii hyvin aloitteleville rahojen keräilijöille, museoissa kokoelmatyötä tekeville henkilöille sekä arkeologeille rahalöytöjen kenttäoppaaksi.

Julkaisija: Turun museo

The paper deals with an interesting find of thalers, half-thalers, and two Dutch ducats discovered in the Little Carpathians next to local road near Prašník (Slovakia). The hoard was hidden around 1633 during the Thirty Years' War even if no great military campaigns took place there in that period.

The Hoard of Medieval Coins from the Village Stizhok. In the spring of 2011, a clay pot was found in a field nearby the village Stizhok (Shumsk district, Ternopil’ region,Ukraine). The pot contained about 2500 silver coins struck in the Golden Horde, Crimean Khanate, Caffa, Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, and Lithuania. The significant part of oriental coins bears the Tartar, Moldavian and Lithuanian countermarks. Most likely, the treasure was hidden during the Tartar military expansion atthe end of 15th and beginning of 16th centuries.

Keywords. Numismatics, medieval numismatics, coin hoard, Genoese colonies in Crimea,  Genoese history, Poland, Ukraine, Golden Horde, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Moldova, Romania, Wallachia, Asprokastron, 15th century.

In the Late Roman Middle Danube area, common phenomena occur in the coin circulation in the provincial milieu and in Barbaricum. Coin finds from the territory of Transdanubian Barbaricum reflecting the coin circulation in the Late Roman period have a lot in common with coin circulation in the north of Pannonia. Both areas yielded finds of coin hoards dated prevalently to the second half of the 4th century but containing besides contemporary Late Roman coins also earlier issues which were by that time officially no more valid. Altogether, 26 such Late Antique hoards have been listed. In the Roman provinces, the old coinage was incompatible with the new monetary system and the coins could have been regarded as a means of exchange only on an interpersonal level. Silver coins seem to have been rare and those made of copper alloys were in much broader use. The analysis of 4th century small coinage demonstrated its similar composition in the provinces and in Barbaricum, specifically in the Suebi territories. The analysis of coin assemblages dated to the Late Roman period and the beginnings of the Migration period also showed clear similarities with such finds from Bohemia. The underrepresentation of silver denominations and the prevalence of bronze coins including small bronze 4th century coinage is probably caused by the gradual devaluation of Roman coinage. It is reflected also by the dominance of folles and later of centenionales in the coin circulation in the provinces. Coins made of precious metals were no longer suitable for everyday commercial exchange in this period. In this situation, old bronze antoninani kept circulating to a limited degree in the latter part of the 4th century together with the contemporary Late Antique coinage and therefore could have arrived in Barbaricum only in this period within normal commercial exchange. On the contrary, the material value of large bronze coins must have been several times higher than that of the contemporary coins and therefore they must have been difficult to integrate into the period monetary system. As a result, it is difficult to estimate at which moment they could have crossed the border into Barbaricum.

We present a batch of 25 medieval silver coins, which is kept in the numismatic collection of the Institute of Archaeology in Iași. The chronological structure of the batch of coins is the following: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: Poland: Zygmunt III Waza, trojaki: Poznań, 1597 (1); Malbork, 1592 (2), 1593 (1); Wschowa, 1598 (1); Lublin, 1596 (1), 1597 (2); szóstak: Malbork, 1596 (1); Lithuania: Stefan Batory, trojaki: Wilno, 1583 (1), 1586 (1); Zygmunt III Waza, trojaki: Wino, 1592 (2), 1596 (1); Prussia: Albrecht I. v. Hohenzollern–Ansbach I, Dreigröscher: Königsberg, 1541 (1); Riga (city): Stefan Batory, trojaki: Riga, 1586 (1); Zygmunt III Waza, trojaki: Riga, 1592 (1), 1593 (2), 1594 (4), 1595 (1); Holy Roman Empire: Herzogtum Sachsen–(Alt)Weimar: Friedrich Wilhelm und Johann, ¼ Thaler: Saalfeld, 1587 (1). The coins were discovered in Iași, in 1961, during archaeological research due to digging the foundation of the “Vasile Alecsandri” high school (“Costache Negri” street). Two other batches of coins (26 and 161 pieces), which were discovered in the same circumstances, are published. They were erroneously interpreted as representing two distinct hoards. We tried to argue that all three monetary batches have a similar composition and chronological structure and they belong to a single hoard.

A Heraclius Hoard in Anemurium Necropolis Church
Abstract
In the ancient city of Anemurium, located in the western part of the Rough Cilicia Region, there are important Roman and early Byzantine structures that have been well preserved. One of the best preserved buildings in the city is the Necropolis Church, in which the hoard that is the subject of this study was found. Th e building, which extends from east to west, is located in the northern part of the city and was named the Necropolis Church owing to the fact that it is located in the Necropolis area. During the excavations conducted in the church in 2019, 41 bronze coins dating to the early Byzantine period were found collectively. All of the coins were found to be the coins of Heraclius and had been minted between AD 610-618. Th e coins, most of which had been minted in the Constantinople mint, consisted of only the type fi rst and type second coins out of the six diff erent types. Another feature of the coins was that all except eight had been overstruck on the coins of previous emperors, with the majority being on Focas coins. It can be said that the coins found in the Heraclius hoard are numismatic data that is a good example of the refl ection of both the power struggle between Focas and Heraclius and the effects of Sassanian attacks on the Rough Cilicia Region on the coins. Th e coins of the Heraclius hoard are extremely signifi cant in regards to the fact that they were among the few coin hoards obtained from inside the church and that when evaluated with the rest of the remains and fi ndings found within the structure they off er important information on the destruction phase of the church.
Key Words: Rough Cilicia, Anemurium, Heraclius, Early Byzantine Church, Coin.

MIT 54 TEXTABBILDUNGEN, 5 TABELLEN Die wissenschaftlichen Beiträge in der Germania unterliegen dem Peer-Review-Verfahren durch auswärtige Gutachterinnen und Gutachter. Contributions to Germania are subject to peer review by external referees.

Bu kitabın Türkçe yayın hakları kitabın hukuki yayımcısına ait olup her hakkı saklıdır. Hiçbir bölümü ve paragrafı kısmen veya tamamen ya da özet halinde, fotokopi, faksimile veya başka herhangi bir biçimde çoğaltılamaz, dağıtılamaz yeniden elde edilmek üzere saklanamaz. Normal ölçüyü aşan iktibaslar yapılamaz ancak normal ve kanuni iktibaslarda kaynak gösterilmesi zorunludur.

What do we really know about the 1/3 gros au lion, or tiers de gros, of Flanders, said to have been struck for Louis of Nevers (1322-1346) or Louis of Male (1346-1384)?
To date, not a single author has managed to correctly and accurately describe the fractional leeuwengroot coins of 14th century Flanders.
This paper is an attempt to rectify that situation.

Schatzfund römischer Zeit von Theben (Böotien)

Der in 1975 in Theben aufgefundene Schatzfund, enthält 25 Münzen aus der römischen Kaiserzeit: 24 Sesterze und 1 Dupondius, die sich von Titus (79-81) bis Faustina I (139-141) spannen. Die letzten Münzen des Schatzfundes sind die posthumen Prägungen von Faustina I, die den Zeitpunkt der Deponierung des Schatzfundes auf 144 A.D. oder bald danach festlegen.
Das Auffinden eines solchen “Schatzes” in Böotien läßt sich aus dem persönlichen Interesse der Kaiser Hadrian und Antoninus Pius an den böotischen Sachen –inschriftlich bestätigt– erklären. Die Präsenz der einzigen Münze aus zypriotischer Prägestätte, aus Trajans Regierungszeit, kann dadurch erläutert werden, dass der Besitzer des Schatzfundes eine zypriotische Phase in seiner kaiserlichen administrativen Laufbahn aufwies.
Die Niederlegung des Schatzfundes könnte vielleicht mit den Wirren von 157 A.D. in der Provinz Achaia in Zusammenhang stehen.

The Chaironeia/2001 coin hoard, exhibited today in the Numismatic Collection of the Chaironeia Archaeological Museum, was found during a rescue excavation of a Roman farmhouse (villa rustica), 500 m. outside of modern Chaironeia. This hoard consists of 10 antoniniani issued either during the joined reign of Valerianus I - Gallienus (AD 253-260) or the sole reign of Gallienus (AD 260-268).
The date of the latest coin, issued from 266 to the middle of 267 or to the beginning of AD 268, establishes either the date of hoard’s concealment or the date of farmhouse’s abandonment. The short space between the earliest and the latest coin of the hoard, 10-11 years, the almost good condition of the coins, and their small number suggests that the house’s owner concealed the money lest he suffer some danger, so that he could regain his money safely at a later date. 
Prompted by this small find an overview of the emergency hoards concealed in mainland Greece during the reign of Gallienus (AD 253-268) has been undertaken, so that conclusions concerning their geographical distribution, the quality, and the quantity of hoards can be deduced.
When looking for reasons why a farmer would feel the need to hide his money, one possible explanation comes from the literary evidence. In Historia Augusta, Vita Gallieni 13,8, the Herulians are going through Boeotia and sacking villages and farms. Their course, in combination with the findspots of the emergency hoards and the scattered information collected from the partly preserved Itinerarium Antonini 325/6, of Diocletianus era, and Tabula Peutingeriana map, of the second half of the 4th century AD, helps strengthen the argument that Boeotians had reason to hide their money until it was safe to go back to their homes.
Finally, it is likely that the Herulian going through Boeotia is more than possible, since the German intruders eventually fled northwards to Epirus and Macedonia. The Chaironeia/2001 hoard constitutes one of a lost link in a chain of emergency hiding places deposited during the reign of Gallienus. To the unproved indication of Herulian presence in Lebadeia could be added now the more secure proof of Chaironeia, which is based on the heavier numismatic evidence. The fact that the Herulian troops were persecuted by the Roman legions could be a good reason for the absence of well-founded destruction remains throughout Boeotia.

The article focuses on the numismatic exhibition at the Museum of the Red Castle in Tripoli, which has about 2000 specimens. It was possible to record in detail the ancient part of this exhibition in 2009, before the “Arab Spring”. The exhibition certainly includes at least two hoards of sestertii from the II-III century AD and another treasure of nummi from the end of the V century; most of the remaining coins almost certainly come from other Punic and Roman imperial hoards, of which there are possible traces in literature. The study of this material, in addition to recording the charateristics of coin hoarding in Tripolitania between the third century BC and the fifth century AD, literally describes a heritage whose fate is currently unknown.

Deposit from the time of Augustus found on the Insula 30 at Empúries and the concealment of denarii ca. 73 B.C. – 4 A.D. The 2014 dig on the Insula 30 of the Roman city of Emporiae brought to light a set of 18 denarii, five of which were from the Iberian workshop of Bolskan and 13, Roman, the most modern from the Lugdunum mint, dated between 2 B.C. and 4 A.D. Also at the Empúries site, a further four hoards concealed between ca. 74-73 B.C. and the reign of Augustus were found, thanks to which it is possible to make an appraisal of the characteristics of silver coin circulation throughout this period.

Within 2000-2001, during a rescue excavation in Thebes for the needs of the construction of the underground passage for the Railway Hellenic Organisation, a great part of the northeastern cemetery of ancient Thebes was revealed along the modern road from Thebes to Mouriki. The cemetery extended along the ancient road from Thebes to the port Anthedon (today Loukisia) in the Euboian Gulf. It remained in use from the Late Geometric to the Roman Imperial periods.
Inside the tiled-roof grave no. 263 and near the feet of the deceased, an intact, unpainted savings bank with a narrow slot in the neck came to light. It included a coin hoard of 8 (eight) bronze coins whose condition ranges from poor to mediocre. The coins are identified as following: 1 of the Locrian League, 4 of the Phocian and 3 of the Boiotian League.
The coins, especially the Locrian and the Phocian ones, dating in the 4th-3nd century B.C., are extremely worn and they should be dated one century prior to the latest one, that of the Boiotian League, issued in the first half of the 2nd century B.C. Nevertheless the older coins were still in circulation by that time. On the grounds of the fairly worn condition of the latest coin it can be deduced that 146 B.C. is the terminus post quem of the burial itself, while the terminus ante quem remains open. The latter at the same time indicates the date of the coin bank itself. Both the coin bank and the coin hoard acted as offerings to the deceased.