CSR Reporting in Banking Sector

Dealing with the customers with a smile in most difficult situations is the prerequisite for the banking industry. Employees need to be more empathetic and understanding in nature. Emotional Intelligence helps them to keep a control of themselves when the situation is tense. It is essential for the success of banking sector that the employees are efficient and productive in the competitive work environment. Emotional Intelligence will provide a firm basis for the development of the leadership, team management, conflict management, effective communication etc. Many researchers have focused on the importance of emotional intelligence in productivity but not much has been done in analyzing job satisfaction. The purpose of the research is to study the emotional intelligence and job satisfaction of HDFC retail banking employees. Research tool used in the study is a structured questionnaire covering 3 sections: demographic, emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. It has been designed to collect the data of employees, using random sampling method from the HDFC Retail banking branches. This research paper aims to understand the association between EI and JS. This study is based on descriptive and exploratory research. The bank should undertake emotional intelligence audit at all levels in the organisation to identify EI among the employees. The bank should organize the activities to increase the interaction between employees so as to improve the relationship among them.

An efficient banking system is of paramount importance in the development of any economy. In India, it has evolved in an organised way over the last two centuries. The growth is more pronounced after India's independence and especially after nationalisation of some large banks. There has been a significant growth and transformation since 1990s contributed by the liberalisation and banking sector reforms. This has helped the banks in India to stand in good stead in the face of the recent crisis in the financial and banking systems around the world. The RBI needs to be given all the credit for steering the banking system with a tight grip. While risk management is occupying a centre stage, banks are also competing for growth and sustaining their business. Here is an attempt to walk through the history of Banking in India and also try and gauge the likely shape of things to come in the next few years.

Peculiarity of negative Corporate Social Responsibilities to third world countries or lacks of Corporate Social Responsibilities in developing countries have been a subject of major debates and scholarly discourse in recent decades. This research study explores the Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) in Bangladesh, and expatiates on the importance and the roles of CSR in general, and particularly in Bangladesh. It highlights corporate practices in Bangladesh that can be considered as positive CSR and those which can be labelled as negative CSR. This research study further investigates Human Rights practices by MNEs and their implications for CSR in Bangladesh. Additionally, as a measure of their effectiveness, this research study examines the regulatory frameworks and laws for addressing CSR in Bangladesh. 
The research method adopted in this research study was peer-reviewed literature approach. This is because it represents an explicit and efficient systematic means of synthesising, evaluating and identifying existing literature about a research topic. The findings of this research study suggests that negative CSR is common in third world countries like Bangladesh because poor governance systems and weak legal frameworks are being used to regulate and enforce CSR practices in third world and developing countries. Against these backdrops, this research study suggests that in other to improve CSR practices in Bangladesh, shareholders, investors and consumers of MNEs and other companies in Bangladesh must ensure that corporations that operate in Bangladesh follow fit-for purpose Corporate Code of Conduct. This research also indicated that social labelling, collaborative works between MNEs and Non-Governmental Organisations and implementation of stronger legal frameworks represent some of the tools that can be used to improve CSR in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR); Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) Regulation and Practice of CSR; Bangladesh.

This paper focuses on analyzing the role of social media (Facebook, Twitter, Google+,Youtube) with regards to corporate social responsibility (CSR), specifically in the fast food industry. The objectives are to identify the use of social media platforms by fast food restaurants, identify if social media integrate corporate social responsibility in their business thereby limiting marketing of unhealthy meals on their websites, and lastly, to find out if marketing of fast food products on social platforms affect users, especially the young people between the age of 15 to 25. The study analyzed and monitored 70 fast food restaurants and their social media activities. 63 0ut of 70 were found to have at least three social media platforms where they promote their products to end users and none of the restaurants have any restriction in marketing any kind of product using social media. Results from questionnaire survey also found that many social media users get adverts from fast food restaurants with 13.85% being affected to buy the food most times and 47.69% sometimes. 81.54% of the participants also agreed that social media can do a great job in limiting the free marketing of unhealthy products by fast food restaurants.

Institutional investors are becoming ever more aware of the potential risks and opportunities associated with environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors. From natural resource scarcity to changing governance standards, from supply chain and labor management concerns to evolving regulatory landscapes, it has become increasingly important for socially responsible investment (SRI) professionals to understand the ESG profile behind the assets they are managing. Hence, the access to relevant, consistent, comparable, balanced and reliable ESG information has become a prerequisite for asset managers to take the right investment decisions.

The financial services market has responded to this need by producing specific ESG ratings, rankings and indices. These services serve asset managers of SRI portfolios with the analytical information they would need to assess the ESG performance, risks, and opportunities of assets-under-management (AUM).

The objective of this research paper is to examine the relevance of ESG ratings for SRI decisions from a market perspective and to identify the dynamics that affect the development of the ESG ratings industry in the future.

The expression "pay it forward" is used to describe the concept of asking that a good turn be repaid by having it done to others instead. In contract law, typically there are two parties but there is the concept of third party beneficiaries. Pay it forward merely applies this contract law concept so that third party beneficiary be a stranger to the creditor (or obligee). More specifically, the creditor (obligee) offers the debtor (obligor) the option of "paying" the debt forward by lending it to a third person instead of payingit back to the original creditor. Debt and payments can be monetary or by good deeds. In sociology, this concept is called "generalized reciprocity" or "generalized exchange". A related transaction, which starts with a gift instead of a loan, is alternative giving

Corporate Social Responsibility principles can be difficult to put into practice and companies struggle to justify CSR activities in terms of tangible business benefit. It is with this view that a review of the available frameworks was used to operationalize CSR in Indian context. Four dimensions i.e. Operational, Economic, Environmental and Social comprising of 21 factors were identified. Based on this a survey was conducted and a sample of 100 NSE and BSE listed companies from Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Sectors was completed for the study. The scores were then correlated and regressed with a five year average of Return of Investment (ROI) of each company. The paper discusses the results obtained from the analysis which were statistically not significant but also did not hold negative implications for the companies.

Purpose Corporations and large entities are increasingly disclosing material information on their financial and non-financial capitals in integrated reports (IR). The rationale behind their IR is to improve their legitimacy with institutions and stakeholders, as they are expected to communicate on all aspects of their value-creating activities, business models and strategic priorities. In this light, this contribution traces the theoretical underpinnings that have led to the organizations' environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosures, and to explain the purpose of integrated thinking and reporting.

Design / Methodology Following a review of relevant theories in business and society literature, this contribution examines the latest developments in corporate communication. This research explores the GRI's latest Sustainability Reporting Standards as it sheds light on IIRC's <IR> framework. Afterwards, it investigates the costs and benefits of using IR as a vehicle for the corporate disclosures on financial and non-financial performance.

Findings: This contribution sheds light on the latest developments that have led to the emergence of the organizations' integrated thinking and reporting as they include financial and non-financial capitals in their annual disclosures. The findings suggest that the investors and the other financial stakeholders remain the key stakeholders of many organizations; it explains that they still represent the primary recipients of the corporate reports. However, the integrated disclosures are also helping practitioners to improve their organizational stewardship and to reinforce their legitimacy with institutions and other stakeholders in society, as they embed ESG information in their IR.

Research Limitations / Implications: This paper has discussed about the inherent limitations of the accounting, reporting and auditing of the organizations' integrated disclosures. It pointed out that the practitioners may risk focusing their attention on the form of their reports, rather than on the content of their integrated reports. Moreover, this contribution implies that the report preparers (and their stakeholders) would benefit if their IR is scrutinized and assured by independent, externally-recognized audit firms.

Originality / Value: This contribution has addressed a gap in academic literature along two lines of investigation. Firstly, it linked key theoretical underpinnings on the agency, stewardship, institutional and legitimacy theories, with the latest developments in corporate communication. Secondly, it critically evaluated the regulatory instruments, including; GRI's Sustainability Reporting Standards and the <IR>'s framework, among others; as these institutions are supporting organizations in their integrated thinking and reporting.

In this article, the authors compare the corporate social responsibility reporting (CSRR) of companiesenvironment, human relations, community, human rights, and diversity dimensions-in the emerging market economy of South Africa with that of companies in the leading economies represented by the Fortune Global 100. The descriptive analysis extends earlier empirical work on the CSRR of emerging market economies, and the impact of culture on CSRR, by examining annual report data from the top 100 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Index and the Fortune Global 100. Generally, the frequency and level of CSRR in South African companies was significantly higher than that of the Fortune Global 100, which indicates a greater willingness to convey social responsibility in their disclosure practices. This lends credence to the notion that emerging market economies may be more receptive to stakeholder concerns and social responsibility than peer institutions in leading economies.

This research deals with a short audit of writing identified with different execution indicators of the banks. The writing is separated into five noteworthy region of research. These are the writing on economies of scale in banking, mergers and acquisitions as a system of bank recreation and combination, rivalry among the organizations, profitability and development of the banks. The writing review for every perspective identifies with the examinations at national and international level. Concentrates on the economies of scale in the Indian case are almost no and a large portion of the writing surveys depend on the investigations of the other nations. Regarding the mergers and acquisitions, huge writing is discovered both at national and international levels however the points of view of mergers are distinctive as investigated by various specialists for various eras. Regarding rivalry writing, there is contrast in approach, goals, result relating to the point of view, structure of the market.

This conceptual paper has critically reviewed the literature seeking to establish a relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) from Islamic perspective and the Islamic values, represented in this study by Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) of the Islamic bank. The paper aims at providing evidence on the significance of the characteristics of Shariah Supervisory Board that can possibly assist in explaining variations in the quantity and quality of social responsibility disclosure in the annual reports of Sudanese Islamic banks. The paper provides an analysis of findings of previous studies with particular reference to system-oriented theories such as political economy theory and legitimacy theory. Several methods have been used to collect and analyse the literature. In the first place, research has been conducted using the Google search engine. In the second place, researches on five databases pertaining to social sciences have been examined using the various search engines (i.e. Emerald, EBSCOHost, Spring-Link, Springer link, and JSTOR). The findings of this study indicate that the characteristics of Shariah Supervisory Board; particularly, the board size, educational qualification of the members, cross-membership, and reputation of the board members will enhance the level of monitoring and compliance with Islamic Shariah and subsequently, lead to a high level of social responsibility disclosure in the annual reports of Islamic banks.

This chapter sheds light on the European Union’s (EU) latest strategies, guidelines and principles for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), corporate governance and sustainability reporting. It reports on several EU governments’ regulatory roles as their societal governance is based on interdependent relationships with stakeholders. As a matter of fact, there are some of the EU countries who have already introduced intelligent substantive and reflexive regulations for their environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting. OF course, there are different actors and drivers who are shaping CSR communications and policies in relational frameworks with the civil society and corporate businesses. This chapter reports on national CSR policies that are related to the disclosures of non-financial performance of organisations. It transpires that very often, governments, NGOs and corporate businesses resort to non-governmental organisations’ regulatory instruments such as process and performance-oriented tools that help them to structure their ESG reports. These instruments usually focus on issues such as labour standards, human rights, health and safety, environmental protection, corporate governance and the like. Therefore, this contribution makes reference to some of the most relevant EU recommendations for the disclosure of integrated reporting. It posits that the way forward is to have more proactive EU governments that raise the profile of CSR. This chapter indicates that any compulsory reinforcement of the regulatory measures may possibly result in efficiencies and operational cost savings for businesses, in the long term. In this light, more effective communication and dialogue between stakeholder groups will help to raise awareness of the public policy case as well as the business case for CSR. Notwithstanding, it is in the businesses’ self-interest to anticipate regulatory pressures for ESG initiatives. Ultimately, when businesses implement corporate sustainability and responsibility they forge fruitful relationships with key stakeholders, including the regulatory ones. In doing so, they will also address societal, environmental, governance and economic deficits.

The arena of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been in limelight since the anti-capitalist movement grew momentum in the 1970s and 80s. In 2008, Bangladesh Bank (BB) issued CSR guidelines for banks and financial institutions. Literature reports academic interest in CSR disclosure in banking industry since 2009. This paper looks into disclosure practices in the full population (n=30, Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) enlisted banks) of the industry. The year 2013-2014 is taken as study period because the first deadline for Phase III of Green Banking Guideline by BB was 31 December, 2013 which eventually ended on 30 June, 2015 with extension. The authors attempted to see the extent of implications of Green Banking Policy on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) practices by the banking industry as a whole instead of by a sample. The authors report improvement in CSR, albeit little.
Keywords: Bangladesh, Banking industry, CSRD, DSE.

The study examines the corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies and activities of firms as disclosed in annual reports, and explores its linkages to accounting and market performance of firms. The study examines the annual reports of a sample of 30 firms (out of 50) belonging to the benchmark index of the National Stock Exchange of India and tracks these reports for evidence of CSR activities over a 5-year period from 2007 to 2011. The study employs content analysis to study CSR disclosure and classifies and rates these activities using items from an established scale followed by construction of category-wise CSR indexes. The association of these indexes with firm performance is explored through a pooled regression model after provisioning for control variables and lag effects. The study finds that CSR reporting may not have any significant impact on accounting and market performance of the firm in the short term but environment-oriented CSR disclosure may be negatively rela...

We reflect on the nature of corporate codes of conduct is this article. Based on John Austin's speech act theory, four characteristics of a performative concept of corporate codes will be introduced: 1) the existential self-performative of the firm identity, 2) which is demanded by and responsive to their stakeholders; 3) Because corporate codes are structurally threatened by the possibility of failure, 4) embracing the code not only consists in actual corporate responsible behaviour in light of the code, but in the incessant recapturing of the code in the struggle of firms against the possible incongruence between their ethical principles and their actual responsible behaviour. A performative concept of corporate codes helps to bridge classical dichotomies like individualist versus collectivist approaches of moral agency and restrictive versus empowering ethics, and opens a new perspective on the interaction between individual ethical behaviour and the corporate institutionalisation of codes.

Sustainability reporting is undoubtedly at a crossroads. Businesses are expected to be voluntarily transparent, yet this has proven to be ineffective. The traditional approach to CSR, which was formulated mainly by the business sector, is beginning to alter its course. In the past, legislative and enforcement agencies have insufficiently examined the social and environmental conduct of corporations. The agencies have viewed this as “beyond compliance” for businesses. Today in the developed world there is a trend of 'return to regulation' and CSR is included in that trend. As Israel aspires to maintain its position as an advanced economy, it is crucial to be prepared for these upcoming changes. Alongside with these developments, we can also see a strengthening of civil society, a redistribution of responsibilities and resources, and a new way of economic thinking (sharing economy, social entrepreneurship, cooperatives etc.).
The law proposal attached to this document intends to find a method for regulating CSR in a more sophisticated manner. The law does not seek to set a harsh standard for corporations to obey 'as is'; rather, it outlines a detailed set of sustainability reporting guidelines. These guidelines shift the enforcing responsibility from state agencies to the public. The public (through specialized NGOs) would now be able to judge and rate each corporation according to its performances. Today, the public and even business managers are eager to have a clear set of expectations in regards to CSR and some even prefer to shift to a model of CSR that is bound by law and under state supervision, where the requirements are clear to all.