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OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN N O T E S O N X COLLECTION O F ODONXT.1 F R O M SCI-IOOLCRXFT COUNTY, MICHIGAN. BY A. F. Conrus. During the nlonth of July, 191j, the writer was a member of the Bryant Walker Expedition to Schoolcraft Couilty in the Llpper peninsula of Mich~gan. The following paper eillbodies the results of his observations durillg that time, and is the first of a series of papers on the Odollata of the state. Eventually it is hopcd that a comprehensive account of the state fauna inay be ~ u b l i s l ~ e d . The vicinity of the Ma~listiqueRiver offers particularly favorable breeding grounds for aquatic insects, as the whole country is cut up by small streams, ponds, sinall laltes, and oxbow 1:llces fornled by the river, while the river itself, tho it carries a cluantity of silt and is stained by the drainage froin the extensive swamps, supports such forins as require running water. F r o n ~these conditions it night be expected that the odonate fauna ~vould11: large, a supposition col-roborated both as regards species and individuals. 'l'he odo~latehabitats may be divided into three groups, the Manistique River, the slnall s t r e a ~ ~ flowing ls into it, and the snlall laltes and ponds. Two habitats COIIIIIIOII in ilorthei-11 Rlichigan werc laclting, viz., clear, rapid streams, and rocl<j~ lake shores, factors which undoubtedly excluded Illany species fro111 the region. The inlagoes were found widely distributed, tho many specles, exhibited tllarlced preferences for certain sets of conditions. Cn10)tcr~r.r ncqzlnbilis was found only along the river, usually flying over the water, Cnlop1ery.r l~ltrczllatnin snlaller numbers was frequently :~ssociatedwit11 it, but was illore often iound in shatly, rather open woods in company wit11 spccies of Lestcs. L,iOcllz~la ql~adr~'~~lncllltrtn preferred high, dry, ope11 country, while Libcllr~lnf z~lclzclltrwas only seen flying over the naters of an oxbow lalte. 'l'he various species of Ellallagina \\rere found anlong the I-eeds and grasses on the shores of sillall laltes and ponds. The species of Aeschninac were most oiten see11 in ope11 woods, as was true of the single species o i Coi-dulegaster. The species of Sympetrum were widely distributed in open woods, meadows, ponds, small streams-any\~hei-ethat there was an abundance of sunlight. All of the cpecies of Leucorhinia save L. ilztncta werc taken at laltes and l~oncls,while it frequented the edges of woods ill suillly openings. The various species of Somatocl~lorawere all found along old logging roads cut thru heavy woods. I n all, specinleils of fifty-one species \Irere secured, of which thirty-three belong to the suborder A~iisoptel-aand eighteen to the suborder Zygoptera. One new species was talcell, and de.ielalkcri. All the scribed by Mr. Kennedy as So~~iatoclzlora specinlens are in the Museutll of Zoology at Ann Arbor. Occasio~znlPapers o f the Mzuezinz of Zoology 3 1 wish to ackilowledge illy iildebtedness to Dr. E. H. Walker atid to Mr. C. 13. I<cnnedy for the deterillinatio~i of the !;omatochloras, and to Mr. E. B. Williamson for assista~lce wit11 several other forms. LIS'l' OP SPECIES. Suborder ZYGOPTFRA. Family Calopterygidae. Calopfcqi.2: yllnclilnta Reauvois.--The species was ab~u~datlt and was widely distributed. It was seen thruout the month, niost commonly along paths and roads in the woods, rarely ill tlle ope11 and never in abuilclailtly lighted places. T l ~ eflight is tiotice;~hly\veal< and irregular. Col)t~l:~tiilg pairs were take11 on July 10. 'J'lle fctiiales outnumbered the males thruout the 1110lltll. Ctrloptery.2: ncqzinbilis Say.--'l'his species was somewhat less iiuillerous tliail the precediiig. I t was closely associated with tlie river, and illost often noted in grouljs of four or five to twenty. Individuals gathered in the suilliglit at the foot o i steel) banks along the river, and seemed 011 the whole rather inactive. The species see~uedto increase in abuildailce thruout the motlth. Family Agrionidae. Lcstes z(lzcrrf~~s 1Cirby.-This species was foutld with tlie two followiilg forms, and was rather rarer thail either. Lcstcs rccta~zgz~laris Say.-A quite coininoil species which I n f e r r e d the thick, dark woods. I t was never seen in the open nor about water. The first speci~lleilsecured was an immature niale take11 July 15. The males outnumbered the females. Lcstes d i s j z r ~ ~ c t zSe1ys.-Lilce ~s the preceding fori~lsof the peiius, this species frequeilted the thiclc woods and was rarely seen in the open. b Nclznllc~z~zia ireric I-lagei1.-This delicate illetallic green species was talteil fii-st on July 6. Its color and small size illalte it 1 ery ii~conspicuousamong the loilg grasses at pond edges where it seeins to live exclusively. Nehnllcrljiin positn 1lagen.-The t7,~iththe preceding in habits. species seeills identical Nelznllcri~~in gracilis Morse.--A single illale taken on July 13, in c o i l ~ l ~ a i1vit11 ~ y the last species, is the only record. E~znllug~r~n cnlvcrti Moi-se.-This species was conlilloil during the month, and was l~robablythe illost abundant representative of the genus. 111 ~0111111011with all the species of the ~ U U I S it frecluented the grassy and reedy edges of still water to the exclusioi~of all other habitats. Grinllag~~in hn<jrr~iWalsh.-'l'his habits to the al~ove. species is very siiiiilar it1 B~lallngnln cwi.r~icirlntr~m Morse.-The to this species. above data applies E~iallag~~zn cbriz~m1-1agen.-This species was found associated with other illeinbers of the genus but did not appear till July 23. E?zallngn~ncivik 1-1agen.-l'llis the month. for111 was coi~lil~oil thruout B~znllng~~zn doz~blcdc~yi Say.-This exceedingly quiet and retiring species was recordcd thruout the molitl~,and was rarely noted on the wing. Bnnllngmn fiiscirzn~~iz~in Williamsoi1.-iZ single male take11 Tuly 23 in the rank grass about a sinall pond was the ollly record for the species. IscIzi~z~rn vcrticalis Say.-This single representative of the {;ellus was conlilloil thi-uout the month and was usually associated with the preceding ~ C I I U S . Occasional Papels of the M z ~ s e u mof Zoology 5 Agrion resolzltz~~dt Williamson.-This species was found in coinpany with the species of the two preceding genera. Clzromagrion conditz~l~z. Hagell.-The single representative of this genus was coinmon thruout the last half of July. I t is decidedly secretive in habits. Suborder ANISOPTERA. Family Aeschnidae. Cordz~legasternlacz~latz~sSe1ys.-This species was rather rare, but seemed to be on the increase toward the latter part of July. I t was ,found only patrolling roadways thru the forest. Gol~iphzug r a s l i ~ ~ e l l ~Wa1sh.-Two rs feinales taken in thick woods on July 14 were the only records for this species. G o w l p h ~ ~n sz ~ z ~ ~ i c Wals11.-The ola first specimen of this species was take11 on July 17 in the thick woods. Further specimens were talten July 19 and 27 in siinilar habitats. On July 26 several nymphs about to transform were found on the river bank, one of which proved to be a female, the only one of the sex taken. Gomplzz~scor~zz~tzrs Tough.-A much worn specimen of the species was collected on July 6, and from then until the end of the month the forin was frequently noted. I t was observed along the river, in meadows, in open woods and about small laltes and ponds, differing 'in this respect froin inost of the genus. I t is interesting to note that the but recently described female was talcen on several occasions. Gontplzus brcvis Hagen.-This rather rare species was found only along an old logging road thru the forest. I t was seen thruout the month. G o ~ ~ t p l z zscudderi ~s Se1ys.-The only specimen of this species secured were those from nymphs which transformed under observation. From July IS to the 30th the nymphs were fre- clueiltly f o ~ ~ ncrawling d up the low sandy river banlcs during the early inorning hours. Acsclziza verticalis Hagen.-This species occurred ollly in ope11 woods not f a r froin the river. In the afternoon, individuals were often noted resting on the sttilny side of tree trunlts, but becanle more active toward sui~down. A e s c l z ~ ~ca~zadelzsis a FVa1lcer.-The species was mucl~associated with the l~receding,and had very si~llilai-habits. Acsclz~la constricfa Say.-This species was rather rarer than t l ~ etwo preceding, and of very similar habits. A c s c h ~ ~erell~itn a Wall\er.--A single specimen talcell on July 79 in open, suni~ywoods was the olily rccord for the species. A c s c l z ~ ~ii~tcrrt~fltn a Walker.-This species was found ttnder T ery similar coilditioils to the others of t l ~ egenus. 'I'rtvngonci~ricr sfiilzigcra Se1ys.-The few specilllens obtained of this locally rare species were all secured about a n~caclownear the rivcr. 7'hey wcre vcry active and wary, and ~ v l ~ ealigl~ting n usually toolc a very inaccessible position. So~~zatocldora zvilliavnso~ziWallcei-.-This species was rathcr rarc, and was usually seen in the woods and along small streams. A fernale was observed ovil~ositiagin a little brook on July 24. Somatochlora z~~nlslzii Scudder.-The two specimens of this species that were collected were both talcen on an old logging road in dense woods on July 24. So~~zatociiloraminor Ca1vert.-This species was usually fouild in the dense woods, esl~eciallyalong old roadways, but was occasionally noted in the open. I t was observed at intervals thruout the month. So~r~ntochlora forciflaia Scudder.-'I'Ilis species was foulld only on July 26, when several sl~eciinenswere talcen in the deep woods. Occasional Papers of tlze Mussum of Zoology 7 So/nretoclzloun ewallzcvc Kennedy.-This species, described by I<ennedy fro111 the material collected, was talten in a road\\ ay thru partly cleared woodlaild. I t seeined to preler the low, wet spots in the road. Dot-ocovdztlin libcrn Se1ys.- Asiilgle specimen taken in the deep woods on July 17 was the only record for the species. Covdlllin shz~rtlcfiScttdder.-This species was talren ollly on July 6 near a sillall lake. But a single specin~enwas talien. Lc~lcorhi~zia lz~ldso~~icic Selys.-A single specimen, a female, talcen on higll, open grouild on July 17 was the only representative of the species found. Lclrcovlziuia proxirlla Wagen.--This species was found flying over lakes and ponds duriilg the month. Lcllc-ovhi~iinJvi~jitEre13agei1.-'1'11is in habits to the preceding. species was very sinlilar L r ~ l c ~ o r l c i ~i/ltactu ~iu 1lagen.-'l'his ciated with the preceding one. forin was closely asso- L,cc~covlzir~iaglacirtlis 1-lagen-This species was c o ~ ~ l l l ~ o t ~ thruout the month. It f rerluented sillall ponds, and inating pairs ivc1-e seen com~noniyduring the entire time. S3il1rfietullriz vici~izl/r% Hagen.-A much worn fenlale was iound in a clearing on Jlily S,and was the first record of the spwies. Later it became con~lllollallout wet clearings that were \\ell lighted, but seenlcd to avoid the river. S3i1/1pctuul/iobtrirsirn~I-Iagci1.-This species was quite corninon after July 15, but up to that date but a single specinlea was talie~l. It frequented we[, sunny clearings. S y ~ ~ i p r t r l l r~~ ~c i t b i c ~ t i Say.-Like ~ d ~ ~ l ~ ~ the ~ ~ zpreceding species, this lorill was not frecluently noted till after July 15. I t seemed to prefer high, rather dry, open spaces. S y n z p c t r ~ l ~s c~ot t i c l ~ / Donovan.-A i~ single specimen of this species was talren in a wet marsh, July 29. Libellzrla j z ~ l c l ~ e l lDrury.-'l'his a dragonfly was rarely noted about one end of an ox-box lake along the river. I t was ilotcd fro111 July 9 to 19. 'l'he specics was very restless and shy. Libellz~laq z ~ a d r i ~ ~ z a c z ~Lime.-Nearly lata all of the speciillens of this species taken were old and worn. They were ustally observed in dry, ope11 meadows, and disappeared after the twenty-fifth of the inontl~. L,ibellztla e x z ~ s t aSay.-Altho this species was noted thruout tile month, it was rare. Like the preceding form, the speciillens were old and worn. They were nlostly taken about ponds and damp clearings. A fenlale was observed ovipositing on July 19.