Instant light

In recent, the faster-than-light was measured and observed with different experiments. But, physicists ignored these experiments. I think, the reason to ignore these experiments is that it need reassess the whole fundamental of modern physics. In general thought, if the faster-than-light is true, the special relativity shall be invalid. Here, by outlining the development of physics in the past 100 years, it is presented that, although the relative space and time is not a developed theory of physics, a particle can be accelerated to a very large mass according to Mass-velocity equation. Therefore, whether or not the faster-than-light is true, the speed of light with Lorentz factor is significant. It is indicated that, the faster-than-light and the invariance of the speed of light are based on different fundamentals of physics respectively. In the special relativity, the high speed particle is only treated as a particle while in quantum physics a particle is always treated as the wave-particle duality, and the faster-than-light is based on the wave-particle duality.

This is a treatise about the refraction of light, or about definitions of reality and changes in the laws of physics during the duration of the universe from the point of view of information theory.

Read Before Commenting. The first, second, and third dimension redefined. How photons and waves work. Light is not a wave and particle.

2005

That the speed of light is always c=300,000km/s relative to any observer in nonaccelerating motion is one of the foundational concepts of physics. Experimentally this was supposed to have been first revealed by the 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment, and was made one of Einstein's key postulates of Special Relativity in 1905. However in 2002 the actual 1887 fringe shift data was analysed for the first time with a theory for the Michelson interferometer that used both the Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction effect, as well as the effect of the air in the interferometer on the speed of light. That analysis showed that the data gave an absolute motion speed in excess of 300km/s. So far six other experiments have been shown to give the same result. This implies that the foundations of physics require significant revision. As well data shows that both Newtonian gravity and General Relativity are also seriously flawed, and a new theory of gravity is shown to explain various so-called gravit...

Apprehension-According to James C. Maxwell speed of light is constant. Further on this Albert Einstein developed his Special and General theory of relativity, which says the faster we move through space, the slower we move through time. He also gave formula's on time dilation, length contraction etc. According to Einstein while traveling at the speed of light time stop's for you ,but speed of light is constant. According to the following calculations, the time dilation experienced by the traveler traveling with the speed of light is '0' which is appropriate and exactly correct according to experiments also, but speed of light observed by the observer gives us the time dilation as '∞',which mean the light never reached the observer. This is contradictory since observer did observe the light. This gives us a few hint of involvement of Quantum physics phenomenon 'Super position' in the existence of light. The given research also somewhere unites Quantum physics and General theory of relativity. At the same time solves the problem of speed of signals of quantum entangled particles being faster than the speed of light since actual speed of light is '∞'. observed value of speed of light is 3*10^8m/s. { Key points of the previous research work done on speed of light} Introduction-In the previous research paper it was proved that the speed of light has dual nature to show which is c=3*10^8 for the observer observing it and ∞ for the one who is experiencing the speed of theory of relativity'. The same theory gives us the equation for length contraction which also satisfies the fact that light has dual nature to show. According the research work actual speed of light is infinity, since all the formula related to variations occurring at the super high speeds gives us the conclusion to have speed of light as infinity.

American Journal of Scientific Research and Essays, 2018

Review Article AJSRE (2018), 3:2 The Theory of Relativity is an Error in Physics; the Speed of Light excludes the Laws of Optics Physicists measured the propagation of light in vacuum and matter through experiments with light over the course of several centuries. The Laws of Optics were derived from these measured results. The Laws of Optics were verified repeatedly via real experiments with light and used in the calculations of optical instruments that work properly. The Laws of Optics accurately define the propagation of light in vacuum and matter. All the theories of the propagation of light that ignore the Laws of Optics can, therefore, be considered an error in physics. The theories and laws of propagation of light in matter were written by famous physicists, such as Isaac Newton (1670), Christiaan Huygens (1650), Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1819), and Thomas Young (1800). The law of propagation of light in matter was described by Snell in 1620. Snell's law is the law of the light refractive index in matter. Optical instruments are calculated according to the Laws of Optics, so by their correct operation they confirm the validity of the Laws of Optics. Two hundred years ago, André-Marie Ampére expressed the basic approach in discovering the laws of physics: "First observe the facts, to vary their circumstances as much as possible, to accompany this first task with exact measurement so as to deduce from them the general laws based solely upon experience, and to deduce from these laws, independently of any hypothesis on the nature of the forces that produce the phenomena, the mathematical value of these forces". This approach to the measurement of the light propagation is now used in all the laboratories around the world and, therefore, can be considered as objective and accurate.

2008

In the post-Maxwellian era, sensing that the tide of discoveries in electromagnetim indicated a decline of the mechanical view, Einstein replaced Newton's three absolutes -- space, time and mass, with a single one, the velocity of light. The magnitude of the velocity of light was first determined and proven to be finite independently by Ole Romer and Bradley in the

Axioms are presented which demonstrate that our system of Cartesian coordinates evolved from the Pythagorean concept of ratio, which arose from the discovery that the integers corresponded to the harmonies produced by a stretched string. It was here were we find the seminal connection being made between number and nature and, hence, the birth of science. These are the harmonic analogues to the Euclidean axioms of geometry but are about two millennia overdue. However, Pythagoras' discovery has been forgotten in physics and consequently it has not recognised that these ratios not only form the very foundation of modern wave theory, including Fourier analysis, but also of the space and time axes themselves. For it is shown that if the equations that describe wave motions are to be correct, then space and time cannot be regarded as 'independent variables' at all for a wave will always supply its own measure of space and time in the form of its wavelength and period. Once this is seen then the entire facade of metaphysical 'space and time' begins to crumble. For example, differentiation and integration with respect to space and time can always and in principle be substituted by operations involving ratios and wavenumber or frequency and 'space and time' (or the variables x and t) completely disappear from the equations. After the axioms are given and their consequences developed, the conclusion is clear; our sense of space and time grew from our collected experiences of periodicities or regularities within nature and it is these which make up the laws of physics. it is why they appear as 'eternal' or 'timeless'. The universe is no longer described by the motion of points in an a priori Cartesian coordinate system but by the fact that these axes themselves represent the class of wavenumbers and frequencies of observable wave phenomena. And special relativity is no exception: Einstein's definition of time dilation, as opposed to length contraction, contravenes the principle of relativity with respect to wave motion. It was (albeit unconsciously) biased to agree with the particle-like picture of the universe handed down from classical kinematics.

Academia Letters, 2021

I was recently introduced to a very inspiring podcast telling the history of Charles Darwin in his path until he finally came to writing On the Origin of Species. 1 Among several curiosities and a thorough historical account, as I frenetically listened to their captivating list of episodes, it was Darwin's path as a researcher that intrigued me the most. As a researcher myself, and after having just defended my PhD dissertation, I could not help but wonder how things must have been different in a time when time itself, and people's relationship with time, were so different than today. Of course, Darwin had access to his family's abundant resources, so having plenty of time to dedicate to one's interest activities was already a privilege back in the 19th century. In Darwin's case, who was highly educated but not a professional scientist in a formal institution, initially a passion for collecting beetles, rocks, and other specimens, although he had no intention of establishing a new theory yet. Even so, during his journey accompanying the ship's captain Robert FitzRoy, Darwin continuously registered every discovery he made while observing exotic sites in every opportunity he had. By the time he finally reached the Galapagos Islands, Darwin already had long years collecting specimens and detailing his observations in notes, drawings, and memories. He eventually shared these with other researchers in different countries, including important academics at the time. As someone who always had a considerable degree of difficulty coping with the tons of information we receive on a daily basis, while listening to how Darwin came to write his seminal work, it was how time was a key factor for his achievements that provoked me the most. The time to observe, investigate, and reflect; and the time to essentially enjoy 1 For those interested in listening to a podcast in Portuguese, it is called Vinte Mil Léguas (Twenty Thousand Leagues) and can be found here http://bit.ly/2MzAaFi

2024

In recent years, the interest on life and work of the Jewish writer, philosopher, mystic and politician Shmuel Hugo Bergmann (1883–1975) has perceptibly increased. Well-known as a protagonist of the famous "Prague Circle", Bergmann headed for Palestine in 1920, became the driving force for building the Jewish National Library in Jerusalem and finally advanced as first Rector of the Hebrew University. All his life, close ties to the Czech Republic remained. In the State of Israel, Bergmann became a leading philosopher and highly admired cultural figure. He himself showed great interest in world religions, mysticism, and Western esotericism. Bergmann also emerged as an important point of reference for left-wing Israeli discourse. Up from the late 1920ies has was one of the protagonists of the “Brit Shalom”, an initiative which called for an advocated peaceful coexistence of Jews and Arabs and a bi-national State in Israel/Palestine. In this volume, distinguished historians, scholars of religion, and cultural scientists conflate a fascinating life story of a man who always worked on social and educational improvements and searched for fairness and deeper truths in a world full of conflict and antagonisms.