Zolai Khanggui (AD 1899 - AD 2013)

0 Hih laibu pen Zomite’ lai neih zawh, kum 100 cin lopna leh Zolai tangthu ciaptehna hunthak mualsuang khat ahi hi. Zomi Youth Network Zolai Khanggui [AD 1899 – AD 2013] Laigelh ; Tg. Lian Than Tuang (LT Tuang) Oct.2013 Laibutuam: Tg. Lian Than Tuang (LT Tuang) 1 Laibu Min Zolai Khanggui (AD 1899 – AD 2013) Laigelh Tg. Lian Than Tuang (LT Tuang) Laibu Bawlkhia & Hawmkhia Zomi Youth Network – ZYN Laibu Bawl & Hawm A Huh Zo Aw (Yangon, Myanmar) Laibu Bawlna Mun Grace Printing House Registration No. 11018 No. 141, 37 Street (Middle) Kyauktada Township, Yangon, Myanmar Laibutuam Lim Zomi I pu I pa te’ phutsa Mualsuang pawlkhat, sikling tawh a ki-uum leh Zotuallai laimal pawlkhat Laibutuam & Endik Tg. Lian Than Tuang (LT Tuang) Laibu Bawl Kum October, 2013 2 Zomi Youth Network – ZYN (Laibu hawm) 26th May 2013 in Crowne Plaza, Tulsa, OK, USA ah Zomi Youth Network (ZYN) kiphutkhia ahi hi. USA aa om, Zomi khanghamte sungpan, Pu Dal Za Khup leh Pi Cing Za Vai te in, thupha piakna nei uhhi. Rev. Dr. Dam Suan Mung leh Rev. Dr. Nang Khen Khup te in Pasian tungah apna nei uh ahi hi. Hong piankhiatna thute in: - Zomi khangnote, Gam leh Minam ading, kizop kim zawhna ding, - Zomi khangnote ii thahatna tuamtuam teng, lawngkhatin ginkhop zawhna ding, - Khutkhat tawi, khekhat khai-in, panpih huaite, panpih zawhna ding, - Gam leh Minam it a kici, khangnote’ sung pan, nasem taktak nuam teng, kimeltheihin, kizopna tawh ma pankhop zawhna ding leh - Mawk om ngiatlo aa, bat tantan, sep zawh zahzah, husan lai teng, kipiakkhiat zawhna ding cihte lunggulhna ahi hi. 3 Hih laibu pen Zomi Khangnote ii nasepna lianpi khat ahi hi. Tuabaanah, Pasian ading, Zogam leh Zomi ading, na tampi sep zawhna dingin, sumtha (fund) zonna zongh ahi hi. Hih laibu pan aa summeet ki-ngah khempeuh, Pasian, Zogam leh Zomi adingin kizeek kik gai ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, hih laibu na lei aa leh, Pasian, Zogam leh Zomi ading a piakhia na hipah hi. Lungdamna lianpi tawh Zomi Youth Network – ZYN (Education Committee) www.zomiyouthnetwork.com [God bless Zomi, Zogam] Thahat inla, hangin. Laukei inla, lungkia kei-in. 4 Lungdam kohna Hih laibu, Zolai Khanggui (AD 1899 – AD 2013) hong piankhiat theihna dingin, nasepnate hong gualzawh pih, biak Pasian tung lungdam mahmah hi. Laibu a lei, a sim, a hawmsawn mimalkim khatciat tungah zongh lungdam mahmah hi. Zomi sungah, lai lam muan leh suante, thu leh la lamah muan leh suante khat khit khatin kihopih kawikawi aa picingtak leh thukhualtakin hong kuppihtek ahihman un, lungdam mahmah hi. Laibu sung aa hel ding thu leh la atamzaw pen Dr. Gin Khan Khual (Sia. Khual) in ngaihsut piakna hong neih pih den ahi hi. Rev. Job Nang Khaw Thawng (Sia. Job Thawngno) in thu leh la theihtel nop om bangbang kisap hunhunin hong hawmsawn pah lianlian ahi hi. Mimal ngiatin dotna (sources) pen mi 11 pha ahi hi. Thu leh la tuamtuamte etkaakna laibu leh internet laimai kigawm (references) pen 51 pha ahi hi. Rev. Khoi Lam Thang (GS Bible Society of Myanmar) in kammal zatzia ding khat, Pu Pau Gin Mang (Thomas Pau), lawm leh guai, kitheihpih pawlkhatte in, kammal zatzia ding leh lai malgawmziate hong huh, hong etpih, hong genpihzel leh ngaihsutna hong piazel uh ahi hi. Thu leh la hong hawmsawn, gelh sawn ding hong phal, gelhzia ding hong kuppih, hong buai pih mimal kim khatciat tungah lungdam mahmah hi. 5 A munmun, a gamgam, a khuakhua aa laibu zuak, a hawmsawn leh gensawt kawikawina tawh hong huh, ma a pang a kua mapeuh tungah zongh lungdam mahmah hi. Laibu piankhiatna ding aa ma hong pan masa leh a hawmkhia Zomi Khangno Kizopna (Zomi Youth Network – ZYN) tungah zongh lungdam mahmah hi. Biak Pasian in mimal khatciat ii nasepnate khempeuh hong guaksuaksak kei tahen. Lungdamna lianpi tawh Tg. Lian Than Tuang (Tuang) October 2013 6 Zon-olna Hih laibu sung aa lai malgawmziate leh kammal zatziate................................................................................................ 12 Zosuan sung pau leh hamte leh a kizat phadiakna munte .............................................................................. 18 Zomi, Zopau, Zolai hi-ngiat ............................................................. 22 Ciimnuai leh Tedim ................................................................. 22 Lai I neih ma ........................................................................... 24 Ciimnuai hun panin .............................................................. 25 Tedim hun ciangin ................................................................ 25 Tedim khua kisatna thu a tomin ............................................. 26 Zopau khat bek om ........................................................................... 27 Zopau Synonyms, Homonyms, Antonyms.............................. 29 Zopau leh Zolai ........................................................................30 Zolai malgawmzia leh gualhzia ............................................... 34 Zopau leh Zomi ....................................................................... 35 Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia (Timeline version) ................................................................... 37 Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia (Subtitles version) ................................................................... 71 Zomite in lai mansuahin, neikik veve ................................... 71 Laipianpa’ suahna leh ten'na ................................................ 72 Laipianpa’ neulai thu tawm .................................................. 72 Laipianpa’ mangmuhna thu ................................................. 73 Laipian biakna hong kipatzia ............................................... 73 Zomi sungah Pasian a tamh/tap masa ................................. 73 7 Zotuallai hong piankhiatna .................................................. 73 Zolai hong bawlsak Cope Topa tangthu tawm ..................... 74 Zogam ah Kawllai hong tunna ............................................. 74 Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope, Zogam hong tunna ..............75 Zogam ah sang om masapen .................................................75 A masapen Zolai simbu .........................................................75 Zomite’ Labu (Laibu) masate ............................................... 76 Zotuallai hong mial .............................................................. 79 Zotuallai a kipuahphatna ..................................................... 79 Zotuallai a kizatna ................................................................ 79 Siktawlai tawh Zotuallai a ki-ngah na .................................. 80 Zotuallai tawh Laisiangtho (Christian Holy Bible) .............. 80 Zogam, Tedim khuapi khawk sungah Cope topa' kithuahpih masak pente ..........................................................................81 Zolai pen Sizang awsuah/awkaih tawh kibawl masa ............81 Zomite’ zattaanglai ding khentatna ......................................81 Zomite’ laibu masapen ......................................................... 83 A masapen Zolai tawh thukizaakna ..................................... 83 Zogam ah Kawllai sinna sanginn tam semsem .................... 84 Cope topa in Zolai hangin, pahtawina ngah ........................ 85 Kawllai vive in hong deepna pan, Zolai kisin kik ................. 85 Cope topa in leitung pumpi a nusiatna ................................ 85 Zogam ah sanginn (School).................................................. 86 Laipianpa in leitung pumpi a nusiatna ................................ 87 Phonetics tawh kithuah Zolai tongdotbu masapen.............. 87 Zomite' tangthu English lai-in a kigelh masapen ................ 87 Kam Hau thukhun bu .......................................................... 87 8 Zolai tawh Laisiangtho buppi kibawl .................................. 88 Zomi Christian Literature Society – ZCLS .......................... 88 Paite Literature Society – PLS..............................................89 Moreh Resolution .................................................................90 Zolai Tedim awsuah tawh kigelh Laisiangtho ...................... 91 Zolai Sizang awsuah tawh kigelh Laisiangtho ...................... 94 Momno News Journal (Zolai tawh news journal kibawl masa nihna) ..................... 95 Zingsol News Journal (Zolai tawh news journal masapen)......................................................... 97 Zomi ahilo namdang Zolai/Zopau nasemte ......................... 99 Cope topa laihawmsate kepcingna ..................................... 100 Zomi Literature Uplift Society –ZOLUS ............................ 101 Zolai manphatna media tungtawn pan kilangh khia ......... 102 India leh Myanmar sung Zolai nasepna ah min kibang .... 103 Lai nasepna hangin dongtuak om ...................................... 105 Zolai Online Tongdot (Dictionary) ..................................... 106 Paite Literature Society - PLS, 2008 ................................. 106 Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) – Tongdot tangzang .... 108 Cope Centennial Jubliee pawi (CCJ pawi/CCJC) – USA ...... 109 Zomi Language & Literature Society - ZOLLS .................... 113 Zolai Aksipite pan khat .......................................................... 114 Zolai Aksipite pan khat .......................................................... 115 Australia aa Kumpi ciapteh sanginn ah Zolai kisin thei ...... 117 Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) a nih veina kibawlkhia .118 Zolai sinna Computer Software masapen ...........................119 Khut tawh Laisiangtho buppi gelhkhia .............................. 120 9 Zolai App Dictionary - Tongdot ......................................... 120 Online Laisiangtho ..............................................................122 Mobile App Laisiangtho ......................................................122 Mobile App Tongdot ...........................................................124 British Museum Library ah Zolai a kikemte .......................124 Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl – USA................................ 126 Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl – Thailand ........................ 127 Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl - Myanmar ........................ 127 Zolai nasepziate etphatna .............................................................. 128 Laibu a bawl leh a zuak a haksatna........................................ 129 Lai simh ding leh lei’ ding a haksatna .................................. 130 Abeisa Zolai nasepnate ......................................................... 130 Lailam kipawlna..................................................................... 131 Nasepsate etkikna .................................................................. 132 Tha-ngah huai ........................................................................ 132 Hanciam beh huai laite .......................................................... 133 Laibu khot ding hamsa .......................................................... 134 Lai nasep a haksatna.............................................................. 135 Lai a kilunglutna ding ............................................................ 136 Laibu zuakna.......................................................................... 137 Pau leh Lai manthat theihna thu pawlkhat ................................. 139 Pau leh hamte a zangh atam leh atawm ................................ 139 Namdangte lak aa om pau leh ham ...................................... 140 Minam mangthang leh khanggui bei .....................................144 Bang thute hangin pau leh lai mangthang thei? .................... 145 Pau leh lai ah Zomite (Zattangpau) .............................................. 148 Zomite Zolai in hu-in a kepna................................................ 151 10 English lai khanggui (Timeline version)...................................... 152 Hun lui .................................................................................. 152 Hun thak ............................................................................... 153 English te nampi ahihna uh, a kilatkhiatna khat .................. 156 English pau leh lai-in hong khantoh khitciang ........................... 157 Awsuah ...................................................................................157 Lai malgawm ......................................................................... 158 Media thupitna ...................................................................... 159 United Nations sungpan kipawlna khat ...................................... 160 UNESCO ................................................................................ 160 Nasepzia pen....................................................................... 160 Leitungbup Laibu Ni (World Book Day) ..................................... 162 Lai ii manphatna leh banghangin laisim huai ............................ 164 Naungekte ............................................................................. 164 Lai hong sim theih mialmial ciangin..................................... 165 Hong gol toh zawk deuh ........................................................ 165 A mah leh a mah in laisim thei-in ......................................... 166 Laibu tampipi a simsimte...................................................... 166 Kumtam khangham khitciang............................................... 167 Laibu hoih leh hoihlo ..................................................................... 168 Naupang, naungekte tung ..................................................... 168 Gol khitciangin ...................................................................... 168 Leitungah laibu khat bek a simte .......................................... 169 Laibu hoih simhuai leh simhuailo......................................... 170 Zolai leh Zotuallai ngaihsut kaakna ............................................. 171 Zolai hangin hamphatna ........................................................ 171 11 Zolai hangin supna ................................................................ 172 Zotuallai hangin hamphatna ................................................. 173 Zotuallai hangin supna .......................................................... 173 2013 kum ciangciang, a kibuaipih theizel thu pawlkhatte ........ 175 Zomi leh Eimi ........................................................................ 175 Zomi maw Tedim mi .............................................................. 175 Zopau maw Tedim pau .......................................................... 177 Ciimnuai leh Tedim ............................................................... 178 Zomi leh Chin ........................................................................ 179 [Kum za cin] Cope topa’ Zogam tun leh Zolai ....................... 181 Lai lam thuhilhna paunak tuamtuamte ....................................... 181 Kammalhoih pawlkhat ................................................................... 185 .............. itin, ................... itlo ................................................ 185 Thuhoih ciaptehhuai ............................................................. 186 Ngaihsutna zatui ................................................................... 188 Lapau ................................................................................................ 192 Zopau (Khiatna kibang/kinai – kammal kibanglo).................... 201 [Ciamnuih] Cimphawng Zolai sin kawm ..................................... 205 Cartoons ........................................................................................... 210 Maan manpha pawlkhat................................................................. 211 Sources leh References ................................................................... 220 12 Hih laibu sung aa lai malgawmziate leh kammal zatziate Laigelhpa in, hithulu sung aa lai malgawmziate bangin, hih laibu sungah hong zangh ding ahi hi. Van khat, na khat pen malgawm khat, lom khatin kopkhawmin hong kigelh ding ahi hi. Gtn. Laisiangtho, laigelhpa, cidamna, lungdamna, kilemna, kipawlna, cbd... Laigelhpa in, hoihpen dingin a ngaihsutna bek hi aa, hoihpen leh maanpen cihna hilo hi. (in leh in, na leh na, Laisiangtho leh lai siangtho) Na lai siangtho takin na gelh ciang, kilawm mahmahin siapa in zongh sim dan nuamsa hi. (mahmahin siapa in - in zatna mun) Na Laisiangtho hoih takin simin, kilamdanna na ngah ding hi. (kilamdangna na ngah - na zatna mun) (noun khat word khat, in leh in, ah leh ah, aw leh o, le leh leh) Pasian in a Mah a zahtak mite lamsangin khangtosak mahmah hi. (mite- plural noun khat word khat, Pasian in ..... lamsangin - in zatna mun) Ka kiang ah hong pai pak dih, anbuk ah na pai sim, na awmah anneng om pahpah. (kiang ah, anbuk ah- ah zatna mun, awmah anneng om – paina, zuatna ahih leh “ah” pen tuam gelh, aw - awm leh o - om zatna mun, anneng- noun khat word khat) 13 Note: namdang lai zatsaknate ah, Zolai tawh mat vetloh ding ahi hi. Amau lai bangbang lianin gelhsak ding kisam ahi hi. Gtn. Project te khempeuh, nasem dingte in thei mang khin uh maw? Computer te a kisap leh nasemte na zanghsak un. Kawlte Zopau siam tampitak om hi. Burmese te Zopau siam tampitak om hi. Mikangte (akl) Mangkangte Zolai thei tampitak om hi. English te Zolai thei tampitak om hi. Le Leuh, nang leh a mah koi lam ah kikawi-in pai nai vua? (le leh leh, Koi leh Kawi) Genkaak theh ding: Te leh Teh, Be leh Beh, De (meide) leh Deh (khuai in deh), Me (khutme) leh Meh (an leh meh), Ne (an ne) leh Neh (kineh), Le leh Leh, Ngawi (zukhamin ngawi) leh Ngoi (sa-ngoi), Khawi (gan khawi) leh Khoi (cina khoi), cbd... 1886 kumin, International Phonetics Association cih kipawlna ah Dr. Sweet, Reader in Phonetics, Oxford ah Honorary President sem aa, Mr. Daniel Jones in Secretary len hi. Kam khat pen lai malgawm khat hisak ding cih, Mr. Grant Brown, I.C.S in 1894 kumin Congress of Orientalists ah gen hi. Tua hileh ciapteh baih ding, sin baih ding, telbaih ding leh laimai nuamtuam ding hi ci hi. Imperial Gazetteer (1900) kici laibupi a gelh, Sir. William Hunter ii lai gelhzia leh malgawmte pen "Hunter System" kici aa Aizawl, Lamka, Tedim, Falam, Hakha te ah lai gelhzia hong kipatkhiatna ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, sangmangte in, tua mipilte ii kampau laigelhte a zuih uh leh a bulphuh uh ahi hi. 14 (zang leh zangh, lang leh langh, cing leh cingh, zong leh zongh) Zatui hoihlo zangh na hihmanin, natna hong kilangh ta hi. (Zangh, Langh) Zong zo-in, mi’ pangh bello aa, cingtakin nei ahih manin, cingh mahmah aa alang apang zongh kuamah omlo hi. (Cing, Cingh, Zong, Zongh, Lang, Pang, Pangh) Sum dong ding na cih pen, hong dongh mah lecin, hong dawng thei ngel diveng. (Dong, Dongh leh Dawng) Zumhna ka sep leh kasum teng sumh mang ingin, ka maizum mahmah. (Zum leh Zumh, Sum leh Sumh, ka sepverb leh kasum-noun) I pa ii a lawmpa' hong gen, a masa aa nong gen pen bang hi ae? (i leh ii/a, aa, ae) Zawng lua ing, sum va zong ning, nang zongh hong zui ve lawm. (Zawng, Zong leh Zongh) Hia zawng aw, ommawh mah si. (“Zawng” cih zatna gual nihte-ah, kammal/malgawm kibangin khiatna kibanglo cih ahi hi.) Khiatna khat malgawm khat cih pen, hi theilo hi. Akiim apaam aa laigual, thu leh late tawh kizui-in, akhiatna kitel thei veve ahi hi. English lai mahmahah zongh, fly= Tho (Noun), fly= leng (Verb). Laimal kibang khiatna kibanglo hi. Hihbang dan Kawllai, Manglaite ah zongh tampi mah om veve hi. Awsuah, awkaih bang teekteekin, lai malgawm pen pau khempeuhah kinei gai zolo ahi hi. Tuahang mahin, 15 Phonetics (fəˈnet.ɪks) kici, laimal tuam pawlkhat tawh a awsuah, awkaih dante tuam gelhna pen, English laite mahmah ah hita leh, lai dang tuamtuamte ah hita leh om kimtek ahi hi. English lai aa kigen, Homonym/Homograph cihte pen lai malgawm kibang sitset, awsuah awkaih zia zongh kibang sitsetin, ahih hang’ akhiatna kibanglo cihna ahi hi. Tuabang Homonym/Homograph cihte pen, minam kimin a pauvuah, a laivuah a neitek uh ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, Homophone cih khat zongh English te mahmahin nei uhhi. Hih pen, awsuah awsuak awkaih kibangin, akhiatna ahih kei leh amalgawm kibanglo cih nopna ahi hi. Hihbangin, awsuak kibangin khiatna kibanglo (aklahihkeileh) malgawm kibanglo cih zongh lailam pilna-ah akhangto mahmah nampi tampitak lakte sung ngiat mahmahah zongh ana om veve ahi hi. Noun khat word khat Tui sungah suang tum hi. Tui sungah suangtum tum hi. (noun khat word khat) Hih van tungah ding inla, vantung lam ento dih. (van tung leh vantung- noun khat word khat) Singat pen sing at na ding ahi hi. (singat leh sing at- noun khat word khat) Aksi ka etet laitak, I ak si. (aksi leh ak si- noun khat word khat) Ak cih pen akhiatna atuam, Si cih zongh akhiatna atuam, tua nih kimat leh Aski cih ciang akhiatna atuam dang khat mah hong hi leuleu hi. (noun khat word khat) 16 Tele cih pen akhiatna atuam, Vision cih zongh akhiatna atuam, Television ciang akhiatna atuam mah ahi hi. Television pen saulua ci aa kikhen tuanlo ahi hi. (noun khat word khat) Tawn cih pen akhiatna atuam, Tung cih zongh akhiatna atuam, atawntung ciang akhiatna atuam mah ahi hi. Etkaakna I lupna na puah oo. (noun khat word khat) I lup na na puah oo. (noun khat word khatlo hileh) I lup na, na puah oo. (comma zangh lehang, laigual saupite ah comma tam kisam den lua ding hi.) Kammal zatzia They are going to school. Amaute sang ah pai uhhi. (uh cih ciang khat sang' atamzaw, nih pan a tungsiah lahna ahi hi.) He is going to school. Amah sang ah pai hi. (“Amah sangpai uhhi.” cih ding hilo hi. Khat bek gennate ah “uh” kizanghlo hi.) Thangpu is going to school. Thangpu sang ah pai hi. (“Thangpu sang pai uhhi.” cih ding hilo hi.) Ava pai hi. (Mi khat agen lam kilangh hi.) Ava pai uhhi. (Khat sang' atamzaw pai ahihlam kilangh hi.) 17 English pua leh lai bekah hiloin, Kawlpau/Kawllai leh adang tampite ah zongh om hi. Ahi zongin, "i", “ei” I zatna mun ah, "uh" cih zat kul nawnlo hi. "i", “ei” leh "uh" pen, nih pan atung siah genna hi-in, "i" leh “ei”ciang pen, ei leh ei kigenna hi phadiak aa, "uh" ahih leh eilo midangte genna hi phadiak hi. I pai hi. (khat sang' atamzaw, ei leh ei kigenna) A pai uhhi. (Khat sang' atamzaw, midangte genna) Ka pai hi. ("i" zatloh, khat lian bek, ei leh ei kigenna) A pai hi. ("uh" zatloh, khat lian bek, midang khat genna) Kammal kikop Laitak, tawntung, tonkhawm, lungdam, siangtho, puanten, mualdawn, luitui, cbd... paikhawm, lamdang, lamdung, khuakhuk, kipia, kipiakna, kisia, kisiatna, kisil, kisilna, kipuah, kipuahna, kitawng, kitotna, kiteng, kitenna, kilamdang, kilamdanna, kilem, kilemna, kipawl, kipawlna, kipelh, kipelhna, pelhna, pilna, theihna, sinna, deihna, lungdamna, cbd... pepeuh, sitset, khinkhian, deidoi, deidai, seisoi, seisai, lelaw, lela, kilkul, kelkal, pheiphoi, pheiphai, seisoi, melmul, melmal, beiboi, beibai, belbol, belbal, lemlom, lemlam, fifu, fiafua, cbd... 18 Note: Namdangte pau leh lai ah a om vetlo, Zomite in a nei ihi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomite’ thu Zolai in gelh ding pen ahoih penpen ahi hi Zomite’ laigelhnop thute Zolai mahah kicing pen ahi hi. Zosuan sung pau leh hamte leh a kizat phadiakna munte Myanmar lamah, Chin state kici Zogam phelkhat sung teng pan, 1. Tedim, Tonzang leh Cikha khuapi teng ii khawk sungah kamphen kulloin pianpih (tualsung) pau tawh kiho theihna om hi. Hih pau sung panin, awsuah tuamtuam tampi om aa, tua teng lak pan awsuah/awkaih kidanna akilangh phadiak pawlkhat om ahi hi. Tua Zopau sung pan awsuah kidang phadiak teng pen; Zo awsuah, Sizang awsuah, Teizang awsuah leh Tedim awsuah cihte ahi hi. Tua zomah, 1958 kum ciang, Tedim khuapi khawk sungah Hualngo pau zangh sanggamte in mun hong la uhhi. (Gtn. Zimpi khua) 1965 kum ciangin, tua khua pen, Tedim khuapi khawk pan, Tonzang khuapi khawkah om aa Myanmar kumpi in ciaptehna bawl hi. [Tedim, Tonzang leh Cikha khaupi khawk 3 sungah, kamphen kullo Zopau cihna sung pan, awkaih kidang phadiak nam 4 (A mun a phual aa om zah ahih leh, Hualngo awsuah/pau kihelin nam 5) om cih theih ahi hi.] Hih pau pen "Zopau" kici-in, Tedim, Tonzang, Cikha, Kalay (+ Tahan) leh Tamu cih tengah kilim zat phadiak ahi hi. Leitung gam tuamtuam tekah kitung ngeingai-in, tuate simloh, mun 5 ah kilimzat phadiak cih theih ahi hi. India 19 lamah Mizogam sung tawmtawm leh Manipur Churachandpur (Lamka) district tengah kilimzat ahi hi. (Myanmar ah kum 30 val census omlo ahih manin, pau leh hamte a zangh zah kicianin gen lian theih omlo ahi hi.) 2. Falam khuapi khawk sung teng pan pau leh ham/awsuah, awkaih tuamtuam tengah akituam gen phadiak pawlkhat om ahi hi. Tuate pen, Ngawn, Bualkhua, Zangiat/Tapong, Khualsim, Tlaisun, Pawi (Laizo, Sim, Zahau, Hlawnceu/Hlawnceu ah zongh nam 2 om), Lente, Hualngo leh Lunghawh cihte ahi hi. [Falam/laizo pau ci aa kithei sung pan pau tuamtuam (akl) awsuah awkaih tuamtuamte sungah, nam 9 (Hlawnceu nam 2 in sim lehang nam 10) om cih theih ahi hi.] Hih pau pen "Laizo tong" kici-in, Falam, Kalay (+ Tahan) leh Tamu cih tengah kilim zat phadiak ahi hi. Leitung gam tuamtuam tekah kitung ngeingai-in, tuate simloh, mun 3 ah kilimzat phadiak cih theih ahi hi. 3. Hakha leh Thanlang khuapi khawkte sung pan pau leh ham/awsuah, awkaih tuamtuam tengah aki tuam gen phadiak pawlkhat om hi. Tuate pen, Zotung, Zophei, Lai, Senthang, Mi-e, Thor, Mara (Lakher/Miram) leh Lautu cihte ahi hi. [Khalkha/lai pau ci aa kithei sung pan pau tuamtuam (akl) awsuah awkaih tuamtuamte sungah, nam 8 (Mara sungah nam 2 in sim lehang nam 9) om cih theih ahi hi.] Hih pau pen "Lai holh" kici-in, Khalkha (Hakha), Thantlang, Matupi, Tamu, Lunglei, Gangaw leh Kalay (+ Tahan) cih tengah kilim zat phadiak ahi hi. Leitung gam 20 tuamtuam tekah kitung ngeingai-in, tuate simloh, mun 7 ah kilimzat phadiak cih ding ahi hi. India lamah, Mizoram sung Lawngtlai district sungah kilimzat hi. Chin state saklam/leilulam (Northern) ah hih atung aa pau kidang phadiak nam thum teng om cih theih ahi hi. Chin ii khanglam/leitawlam (Southern) ah pau kidang phadiakte pen, saklam/leilulam (Northern) aa danin, a mun, a khua, a khawk zui aa kigen cian lian theilo ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, khuakim ah kilakhelh uh aa khuamin zui lianin gen theih omlo hi. 4. Matu kici (akl) Matupi khuapi khawk sungah pau/awsuah, awkaih kibanglo/kidanna nei ci aa kithei, kigente pen, Matu (Ngala), Mara (Lakher), Zotung leh Dai cihte ahi hi. [Hih munah Chin state saklam/leilulam (Northern) aa te danin, awsuah/awkaih kibanglo bek hiloin, pau mahmahin kidang pawlkhat om cih theih ahi hi. Matupi khawk sung aa pau tuamtuam (akl) awsuah awkaih tuamtuamte sungah, nam 4 om cih theih ahi hi.] 5. Mindat leh Kanpetlet khuapi khawk sungah pau/awsuah, awkaih kibanglo/kidanna nei ci aa kithei, kigente pen, Dai, Miging, Mon, Cho leh Taungha cihte ahi hi. [Chin state ii khanglam/leitawlam (Southern) aa khuate pen, khua khat leh khua khat kihelhin om uh aa, awsuah kidang bek hiloin pau kidang leh awsuah kidang pen nam 5 om cih theih ahi hi.] 21 6. Paletwa khuapi khawk sungah pau/awsuah, awkaih kibanglo/kidanna nei ci aa kithei, kigente pen, Khumi, M'ro, Khuangtso, Ahnu leh Hualngo cihte ahi hi. [Chin state ii Khanglam/Leitawlam (Southern) aa khuate pen, khua khat leh khua khat kihelhin om aa, awsuah kidang bek hiloin pau kidang leh awsuah kidang pen nam 5 om cih theih ahi hi.] 7. Thayet leh Minbu khuapi khawk sungah pau/awsuah, awkaih kibanglo/kidanna nei ci aa kithei, kigente pen, Asho leh Siktui cihte ahi hi. [Hih khuapi nih pen, Myanmar kumpi in, Chin state pua (huamloh) ah akoih uhhi-in, tua Chin state pua-in a ciaptehna sungah mun leh mual ngiat tawh a om sanggam te' pau sung pan nam 2 om cih theih ahi hi.] 8. Arakan (Rakhaing) State sungah zongh, sanggam laizomte kiomin, Asho leh M'ro pau ci-in nam 2 a limzatte hiphadiak uh ahi hi. [Rakhaing state pen, Chinstate ii khanglam/leitawlam (Southern) ah omhi. Arakan (Rakhaing) minamte zongh Chin state sungah pawlkhat mah om uh ahi hi.] 22 Zomi, Zopau, Zolai hi-ngiat Ciimnuai leh Tedim AD 1420 kum pawlin, khamtung gamah, Ciimnuai khua a kisat hi dingin kiummawh hi. Tuahun ma, AD 1044 pawl aa zanggam pan khamgam a kipatna, mun khatah Ciimnuai khua mun ah Zosuante ii mualsuang phut Khampat ci-in I pu I pate in, khua khat nasat uhhi ci aa kiummawh hi. Khampat panin, mun tuamtek zuanin, leilu leitaw lam zuatna kibanglo aa kikhenthangin, pawlkhatte tulai India gam Manipur state lam tungtoin, pawlkhatte tulai Myanmar gam Chin state lam tungin, pawlkhatte tulai India gam Mizoram state lam (Assam state dong bang) tung uh aa, pawlkhatte tulai Bangladesh gam Chittagong dong bang tung uhhi ci-in, kigen hi. Tuhun Chin state (tualai Chin Hills) lam a na zuante in Ciimnuai khua a nasat uhhi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Khampat pen, Tibet/Sen (China) gam pan I pu I pate in a na zuan uh ahi zong, a hikeizong, Khampat khua I pu I pate in a sat aa a sat kei uhzong, banghun banghunin khuate a 23 na kisat ahi zong, Zomite' tangthu ah Ciimnuai cih pen I khuapi khat ahih lam ngilh theih omloin nial theih nading thu zongh omlo ahi hi. Tuahun aa Ciimnuai khua kici pen, tuhun aa, Tedim khua aki cihcih bangmahin, tuahun tawh kituak aa mi tampi tenna, khua lian khua gol pen khat ahi hi. (a kham, a keen theithei I pu I pate in, a na zuatna uh ahang pen, pawlkhatte in, gal leh sa tam luat manin aki tai toto hi dingin ummawh uh aa, pawlkhatte in, a ken a guam ah saben dan pen zanggam sangin nuamzaw ahih manin, khamgam lam kizuan hi ding hi ci-in a um zongh kiom hi.) Ciimnuai tate, Ciimnuai mi, Ciimnuai vontawi ci-in, tua khua kisat aa kipan la in ki-awi aa, kilolo cih ding ahi hi. Tedim khuapi hong khan ciangin, Tedim mi ci-in kilo leuleu hi. Ciimnuai mah khua lian pen ahih lai-in Ciimnuai mi kici kha theizelin (zola tampite tungtawn pan) ki ummawh ahi hi. Tuamah bangin, Tedim mah khua lian pen hong hih ciang, Ciimnuai mi kicih sangin, Tedim mi kicihna pen hong tamzaw hi. Kawlte in, Yangon tu (thu), Yangon taa (thaa) a na cih dan uhhi kha Ciimnuai khua mun ah Zosuante ii mualsuang phut ding hi. Hih bangte pen, minam min kilo kilawhna kigen kipulaakna hilo cih theih ahi hi. Amun amual zui-in kitheihna kisapnate cih theih ahi hi. Tedim khuapi hong khan ciang, Tedim mi kici bek thamloin, Tedim khuapi a khangsak Kam Hau hun sungin, Kam Hau mi ci-in zongh hong kiciapteh hun na om lai ahi hi. 24 Lai I neih ma Ciimnuai hunin, Ciimnuai lai cih bang na kigen ngei samlo aa, a mi bel kinei, kiom ahih manin, Ciimnuai mi ci-in na kigen hi. Tedim hun ciang lai kineita aa, Tedim lai ci-in kigen aa, a mite pen Tedim mi ciin kigen hi. Ciimnuai hunin, lai a na om hizenzen leh Ciimnuai lai zongh kici kha thei ding hi. Hih nih, Ciimnuai mi kicite leh Tedim mi kicite pen, a kibang sitset, zungkhat guikhat phungkhat vive ahi hi. Ahi zongin, Ciimnuai mi lah kici Tedim mi lah kici hi. Hih pen, mun leh mualte tapin kilawhna min tuamtuamte ahi hi. Ciimnuai khua kisat ma-in, Ciimnuai mi a na kici na om hetlo kha ding hi. Tuamah bang in, Tedim khua kisat ma-in, Tedim mi cih zongh na om hetlo kha ding hi. Tedim mi cih a om kei aa leh Tedim pau cih zongh omlo ding hi. Tedim pau cih bang a na om kei aa leh Tedim lai cih zongh na om theilo ding hi. Tedim cihte, Ciimnuai cihte pen, sawt nailo aa khangtom mahmah lai, tangthu tawm mahmah lai cih theih ahi hi. Ahi zongin, I pu I pate pen, Ciimnuai cihte, Tedim cihte a kisat ma-in om khin uh ahihman aa hibang khuate a nasat uh ahi hi. Hih bang khuate a nasat ma un, bangpau na zangh ding uh aa bang mi na kici ding uhhiam? Atomin, Zomi, na kici ding uhin uphuai penpen hi. Ngeinate Zo ngeina, vokte Zo vok, akte Zo ak, thaute Zo thau, late Zola, la'mte Zolam, paute Zopau, suan leh khakte Zosuan hi-in, a mite Zomi cih hi kha ding ahi hi. (lai mawlgam matzia, halziate pen, a mal zui-in, sim hak ding leh telkhialh baih dingte pelhna aa kigelh ahi hi.) 25 Ciimnuai hun panin Behmin Phungmin tampi kiphuak beh hi aa, tuapanin, khangthak bangin khanggui, beh thu cihte kisim thak cih theih ahi hi. Pawlkhatte, Ciimnuai pan lal khiat khitciang, behmin kipia thak om ahih manin, a beh tangthu vuah, Ciimnuai na omlo kha thei ding ahi hi. Beh kibanglo, phung kibanglo tawh I kibat ngeingai hangin, ci khat sa khat sisan kibang vive behkhat phungkhat taktak vive Ihi hi. Tedim hun ciangin Beh leh Phung thu hi nawnlo aa, pau leh ham awkaih awsuah kibatlohna hangin kizop kikholh kipawlna tuamtek hong piang pianpian hi. Awsuah awkaih (pau) kibat pihloh khat sungah I beh kibat pih na om kawikawi thei veve hi. Tua ahih manin, awsuah awkaih kibanglo aa I pau ngeingai zongin, ci khat sa khat sisan kibang vive mah Ihi hi. (hih Ciimnuai khuasat hunin, pawlkhat in Lailun khua nasat uh aa Ciimnuai mi kicih mah bangin, tua lailun khuasatte Laimi akl Laizo na kici uhhi ci-in a gen zongh kiom hi. Tedim khua kisatin Tedim mi kicih khak mah bangin, Falam khua kisat aa Falam mi, Khalkha (Hakha) khua kisat aa Hakha mi ci-in kithei kisam hi.) 26 Tedim khua kisatna thu a tomin AD 1550 pawlin, Pu Gui Mang in na sat hi ci-in kigen hi. Ahi zongin, kiim leh paam pan galsimna om theizel ahih manin, kilal sanzelin kibeelkikzel hi. 1810 kum pawl ciangin, Pu , Pu Mang Gin, Pu Khoi Lam, Pu Pau Vum, Pu Tel Khaat, Pu Lam Dong, Pu Kam Vial, Pu Kim Thuam, Pu Pau Am, Pu Cin Kim leh Pu Gen Cin te kipawlin Tedim khua satkik uhhi. A ngeina mah bangin, gal tuamtuamte a om hangin, na hungzo, na leh dozo uhhi. Tuapanin, mi dangte in Tedim cih khua pen hong beel uh aa a sawtloin, inn 30 pha in Pu in hausapi sem hi. 1848 kum ciangin, galvai savai, thusia lasia khat peuhpeuh a om ciang ki-uk theih nadingin, thukhun hong bawlin tua pen " thukhun" kici hi. Tuapanin, Tedim pen thu vaihawmna ahi zong, gal leh sa vai ah ahi zong, kizuan aa Tedim khua ah inn 300 kiim hong pha ahi hi. Bonuai veng: Tulaitak aa Myoma veng, galkap tualpi akici, mun nuailam teng hi aa, Pu Pau Vum leh mi pawlkhatte teeng uhhi. Galkap tualpi pen Pu Khau Cin innmun hi ci-in kigen hi. (Pau dan awkaih, awsuah tuamtek hong kigawm hi.) Botung veng: Pu Khau Cin inn tungsiah nitumnalam teng hi aa Pu Za Tual leh mi pawlkhatte teeng uhhi. (Pau dan awkaih, awsuah tuamtek hong kigawm hi.) Vaiphei veng: Bonuai veng pan akhanglam nisuahnalam teng hi aa Vaiphei kici tuam miteng teeng uhhi. (Pau dan awkaih, awsuah tuamtek hong kigawm hi.) 27 Sekzang veng: Tulai Sakollam veng Ngennung lamka panin leilulam teng hi aa Guite kici tuam miteng teeng uhhi. (Pau dan awkaih, awsuah tuamtek hong kigawm hi.) Khuangzang veng: Hun khat lai-in, Col. Dal Za Kam inn ci aa kilim theihna dungto teng hi aa, Thahdo mi kici tuam teng teeng uhhi. (Pau dan awkaih, awsuah tuamtek hong kigawm hi.) Zopau khat bek om Tedim khua a kip ma, inn 300 a pha ding khua pen a omlo dingin upmawh huai hi. Tua ahihmamin, tawmnono ta aa, kithehthangin kikhenmang cih thei ahi hi. Kizopna haksain, kihona atawmna panin, awsuah, awkaih, kammal zat tuamtuamte leh pau zia mahmah pen, damdamin hong kilamdang aa, behpih unau sanggam khat gegu pen, awsuah awkaih kibangzo nawnloin hong kidang semsem hi. Kammal kibehlap tungtawn panin zongh awsuah awkaih bek hiloin kammal zat mahmah hong kibanglo om hiding hi ci-in upmawh huai hi. Tua awsuah awkaih kibanglo, kammal tawm kidannate pen namdang tuamtuak cihna hi hetlo hi. Tuhun ciangin zong, unau khat tuak omna gam kibangloin ta hong neih uh ciang, a tate uh ii awkaihzia awsuakte khat leh khat hong kibanglo ahi hi. Awsuah awkaih pau leh ham kibatloh hangin unau laizom sanggam khat minam khat vive mah ihi hi. Ahi zongin, biak Pasian in kikhenthang aa mangcip ding lung-awilo hiding hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, tua pau leh 28 ham, awsuah awkaih kidangteng, Tedim khuapi ah hong gawmtuahkik ahi hi. Zopau veve awsuah awkaih kibanglo, Zomi veve behmin phungmin kibanglo teng kigawm kikin kiteeng khawm thei hi. Hihbangin kigawm aa omkhopna panin, awsuah awkaihte hong kinaikik aa, kihelhin kigawm aa awsuah dang khat hong suak khia cih ding ahi hi. Tuapen, Tedim bangin a kigawmlo khua tuamtuamte ah tua awsuah pen suakloin, a kigawmna Tedim bekah ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, tua awsuah pen Tedim awsuah cih ding ahi hi. Hih pen pau thak khat hong suak hiloin, Zopau sung veve pan awsuah thak khat hong suakbek ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Tedim awsuah hi aa Tedim pau hilo hi. Dim awsuah, Saizang awsuah, Losau awsuah, Zo awsuah, Sizang awsuah, Teizang awsuah, cihbangdan tampite a kilimgawm penpen na mun pen Tedim khuapi hi-in, tua teng khempeuh ii awsuah kigawm pen Tedim awsuah cih ding ahi hi. Kua ma awsuah tuam hilo hi. Kua ma neih tuam hilo hi. Tua ahih manin zongh, Cope Topa I cih Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope in 1913 ciangin zattanglai, zattangpau ding hong vaihawm sakna ah Tedim awsuah mah kitel kim thei pen pah ahi hi. (Banghangin, Cope Topa in zattangpau ding a vaihawmna ah Tedim awsuah mah kitel thei pen ahi hiam? Dawnna: Banghanghiam cihleh, Tedim awsuah pen awsuah dang khempeuh a kigawm ahih manin, awsuah khat bek sangin, awsuah tampi kigawmna Tedim awsuah pen a thei a tel kitam pen pah ahihman ahi hi.) Zopau Tedim awsuah /Tedim awkaih, Zopau Sizang awsuah, Zopau Dim awsuah, Zopau Saizang awsuah, Zopau Teizang awsuah, Zopau Zo awsuah, Zopau Losau awsuah cihbangdan hi-in, a vekin Zopau vive hi gai hi. (English 29 British English, English American English, English Australian English, English Canadian English cihbangdan ahi hi.) Zopau Synonyms, Homonyms, Antonyms Amun amual zui-in, awsuah awkaih hong kilamdang mah bangin, kizopna hoihlohna hangin zongh, kisapna zui-in a kibehlap toto aa kammal pawlkhatte zongh zatzia tampi hong kibanglo totocih hi thei hi. Gtn. Mehthuk, mehthua, piandi, fazan, bokboon, cbd… Myanmar sung aa om Zomite sungah khat leh khat akibanglo kammal a om mah bangin, Myanmar sung aa om Zomite leh India sung aa om Zomite ii kammal zat mahmah zongh a kibanglo tampi damdamin hong omtoto hi. (kiim leh paam hangin, van zat tuamtuam, nek leh dawn tungtawnte hangin) Awsuah, awkaih bek hinawnloin, kammal mahmah akibanglo hong om hi. Tuabangdante pen, ei pau hilo cihdanin ngaihsun pahpah khalo aa, Zopau sungah pau a kibehlap toto, Zopau sungah khiatna kibang kammal kibanglo (synonyms), Zopau sungah kammal kibang khiatna kibanglo (homonym) cihbangin I ngaihsut theih ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Tuhun ciangin, Zopau sungah Zo awsuah, Sizang awsuah, Teizang awsuah cihbang bek hinawnloin, Kawlte lak zanggam aa khangkhiate ii Zopau awsuah pen atuampi khat hong hilai hi. Kammal zongh pawlkhat Zopau lakah behlap tuamtuam nei thei se lai uhhi. (Kammal zat kibanglo) Tuamah bangin, gamdang aa akhangkhia Zomi khat ii Zopau awsuah pen adang khat hong hilai hi. Tua ahih 30 manin, awsuah tawh minam leh lungsim kikhen theih hilo ahi hi. Awsuah awkaih in, amun amual zui bek thamloin, ahun zongh zui lai hi. Khangluite pau zia leh khangthak, khangnote pau zia awkaih dan a awsuak awsuahte zongh kibang gai khinlo hi. Khangthak hun ciang pau tuamtuam hong piang khelkhel aa leh zongh pawlkhatte hunzuipau (slang) lel ding ahi hi. Pau thak hiloin, Zopau sungah kammal thak kibehlap cihbek ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, mi khat tung mahmah panin awsuah zongh kibang denlo lai hi. Heh hun ciangin awsuah leh lungdam hun ciangin awsuah, lungkhamin kap ciang aa awkaih leh lungnuamin pau ciang aa awkaih zia cihte zongh kibanglo lai hi. Tua ahih manin, Zopau sung aa awsuah awkaih kibatlohna hangin lungsim kidang nading thu omsak khak huai hetlo ahi hi. Zopau leh Zolai Lai cih pen pau a om lai tengin, kibawl tawm thei, kiphuak thei ahi hi. Pau a om kei aa leh lai pen kibawl thei tuanlo hi. Pau a mang aa leh tua lai pen a sim ding mi om nawnlo hi. Asim ding mi om kei leh tua lai pen abeibei hita hi. Tua ahih manin, Zolai kepcingna dingin, Zopau pen khangthak khempeuh in, koikoi I tung zongin theih kim ciat ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Pau tungtawn panin lai kibawl cih ding ahi hi. Zopau tungtawn panin, Zolai hong kibawl khia ahi hi. Zopau sungah awsuah tuamtuam om ahih manin, Zolai sungah zongh awsuah zui-in Zolai malgawmzia tuamtuam hong piang thei ahi hi. Zopau Tedim awsuah cih mah bangin, 31 Zolai pen Tedim awsuah in akigelh om aa, Zopau Losau awsuah omin, Zolai Losau awsuah tawh kigelh zongh om ahi hi. Gtn. G awsuah leh NG awsuah, Ngam leh lei ading kinging in = Gam leh lei ading kigingin. Tua bangin awsuah tuamtuamte zui-in Zolai malgawmzia kibanglo tampi kawmkalah awsuah khat sung bekbekah zongh Zolai malgawmzia pen a buaipih kitam simsim hi. Gtn. Hai tui hai khat hong bawl ve pen, tuhun ciangin, Haai tui hai khat hong bawl ve ci-in kigelh hi. Zolai bek hiloin, namdangte ii lai tuamtuamte ah zongh awsuah bang lianlianin malgawmzia a nei pen kua mah omlo hi. Nampi mahmah leh leitungbup ii zatpih English ah zongh omlo hi. Gtn. Knife cih ah,“K“ aw suaklo hi. Knight, Knock, Know, cbd... tampi om hi. Ahi zongin, hibang lai malgawmziate puah ding thu peuhmah gingkhia ngei hethetlo lel hi. Kammal khat bekbek pen, I heh ciangin I pau dan leh I hehloh ciangin I pau dan I awsuah, I awkaihte kibanglo hi. Awsuah bang tektekin, lai malgawm ni cilehang, laimal pen tampitak kisamin gawmzia tam lua ding aa theih hak mahmah ding ahi hi. Zolai, Zopau pen theih baih leh nam dangte in hong theih pih baihzaw ding ahi uhhi. Zolai, Zopau pen theih hak leh namdangte bek thamlo, Zomi khangthak naupang tampi takin haksa sa-in lunglut zolo ding uh aa Zolai, Zopau pen hong toi semsem ding hi. Azangh nuam hong tawm semsem ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, mite ii mai-ngap ding, theih baih leh lungduai zawh ding lai a ol, a baih ahih ding kisam ahi hi. A haksa khempeuh, standard nei cihna hipah tuanlo hi. A baih khempeuh zongh a level niam cihna hi khin tuanlo hi. Standard nei in level sang tata haksa a kicite pen, atamzaw, a lai haksa hiloin, a thu haksa hizaw ahi hi. 32 Tua ahih manin, Zolai pen malgawmzia (spelling) a baih theithei ahih ding kisam hi. Atom theithei hileh zongh hoihzaw kha lai ding hi. Amun amual, kiim leh paam zui-in lai malgawm nop zia zongh kilamdang thei hi. English lim zatte lak aa om pawlkhatte ii malgawm nop zia, Kawlte lak aa om pawlkhatte ii malgawm nop zia leh Zolai theih ngeina mah a kilim zatna lak aa om pawlkhatte ii malgawm nop ziate pen kibanglo thei hi. Gtn. - Cin (Zolai nidang pek pan aa atamzaw ii theih malgawm zia/Zopau awsuah zui aa gelhna) - Chin (English awsuah zui aa gelhna), - Kyin (Kawl awsuah zui aa gelhna) - Cing (Zopau awsuah), Ching (English pau awsuah), Kying (Kawlpau awsuah) (2013 ciangciangah “Cin” pen “Chin” in a gelh tampitak om hi. Ahi zongin, hih “Cin leh Chin” mun ciang English awsuah malgawm kizui-in, “Thang, Kham, Suan, Sian, Pau” cihteciang, English awsuah malgawm kizuilo vetse hi. Khat leh kaht ii gawmzia bek thamloin, mi khat bekbek ii min khat sung nangawnah zongh, mal khat pen English awsuah malgawm zui-in, adang mal khat pen Zopau awsuah malgawm zui vetse cihbangdan, nung leh mai kitukalh, a haivai, a zumhuai phial,a etlawm hetlo tampi kiom kha thei hi.) 33 Hibangdan ahih manin, English zatna lak aa om Zomi pawlkhatin, English te ii tel ding, sim theih dingin, English awsuah tawh a min uh gelh hi. Kawlte lak aa om pawlkhatte ii min mahmah zongh, Kawlte in a mau awsuah in a gelhsak zongh kiom thei hi. Bangbang ahi zongin, Kawlpau (Burmese pau), Mikangpau/Mangpau (English pau) te zongh hanciam takin, a mau awsuah zui aa I zuih pih ahih manin, Zopau Zominte zongh ei ii awsuah Zopau awsuah Zolai mah hong kizat pih ding thupi ahi hi. (hih pen leitung ii san/ciapteh khat leh khat kizahtakna ahi hi.) Tedim cih malgawm zia leh Tiddim cih malgawm zia bek zongh buaihuai khin ta hi. Mailam ciang Zomi leh Zogam thute peuhmah ah Zopau awsuah base Zolai bekin a kigelh ciatciat ding zongh thupi mahmah hi. Kawlpau Kawl minte ah a mau awsuah malgawmzia zuih pihin, English pau English minte ah a mau malgawmzia zuih pih aa, Zopau Zo minte ah Zolai malgawmzia mah zuihna in din mun kip nei, Zolai gina nei minam I hihnate hong kilanghsak semsem thei ding ahi hi. Ciimnuai panin, khua tuamtuam tek, mun tuamtuam tek ah kithehthangin, hun hong sawt tohtoh ciang awsuah awkaihte hong kibanglo toto aa Tedim khua ah kigawmin awsuah awkaih zattang khat a ki-ngah ahi hi. Tuamahbangin, tuhun ciang, Zogam/Kawlgam/Vai gam pan Zomite gam tuamtuam tek ah kithehthang mang khinta hihang. Tua gamdang tun thakna gam khat sung na-ngawnah, vai tuamtuam hangin khua tuamtuam tekah kikhen sawnsawn lai hihang. Ciimnuai pan kikhenin amual aguam, mun tuam tekah kithehthang khitciang, awsuah awkaih tuamtuamte hong 34 pian mah bangin, Zogam/Kawlgam/Vai gam pan kikhenin tuipi in hong hal aa leitungbup mun tuamtuamte ah I kitheh thang khitciang, I tuntunna gam aa suak khangthakte hunah awsuah awkaih tuam dang khat mah hong piang veve ding ahi hi. Zopau Losau awsuah, Zopau Dim awsuah, Zopau Saizang awsuah cihte bek hong hi nawnloin, Zopau American awsuah, Zopau Norwegian awsuah, Zopau Danish awsuah cih bang dongin, hong piang thei thu ahi hi. Gtn. Hih hun ciangin, Norway aa om, Zopau Saizang awsuah zanghte leh Zopau Dim awsuah zanghte ii tate tuakin, Zopau Norwegian awsuah hong zanghzaw lel kha ding uhhi. A Dim ae, a Saizang ae cihte hong hi nawnlozaw ta ding hi. Tua ahih manin, awsuah awkaih hang tawh kideidan khakloh ding, kituam muh khak hethetloh ding cih pen thupi mahmah ahi hi. Zolai malgawmzia leh gualhzia Kiim leh paam aa zat munna, theihnate zui-in, Zolai malgawm nopziate zongh hong kibanglo semsem lai kha ding hi. Ahi zongin, Zopau cih pen a om lai teng, lai malgawmzia kibatloh hangin, Zolai pen mangthang zo tuanlo ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, lai malgawm (spelling) sangin, lai gualhzia (grammar) pen thupizaw hi. Lai malgawmzia a kibang kei zongin, lai galhzia hong kibang thei limlim peuh leh, pau ziate zongh hong kibangto thei lel ding ahi hi. Gtn. American English grammar leh British English grammar pen kibang hi. Ahi zongin, a lai malgawmzia uh a kibanglo pawlkhat om hi. Colour, Centre 35 cihte pen British English ii malgawmzia hi aa Color, Center cihte pen American English ii malgawmzia ahi hi. Zopau leh Zomi Zopau Tedim awsuah, Zopau Lamka awsuah, Zopau Saizang awsuah cih mah bangin, Zomi Tedim khuami, Zomi Saizang khuami, Zomi Lamka khuami, Zomi Tedim khuasuak (Zomi Tedim khua aa piang), Zomi Tedim khua aa khang cihbangdan cih theih ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Zomi Sizang awsuah zangh teng, Zomi Teizang awsuah zangh teng, Zomi Zo awsuah zangh teng ci aa, I san zawh ding (laigelh pa ii ngaihsutna ah) thupi mahmah (kasa) hi. A nennen-in kikhen suksuklo aa, tawmtawmin kikhenthang bebehloin Zomi, Zopau cih tawh I vak in kiuum aa, kizom dimdiam in I kikhil, I kihual, I kikhit, I kilomkhat, I kikhuituah zawh theih ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Hun khatciangin, Zomi Tedim khuami, Zomi Tonzang khuami cih bek hinawnlo aa, Zomi American (akl) American Zomi, British Zomi, Australian Zomi cih bangin hong pai to behbeh thei lai ding ahi hi. Tuahun ciangin, Australia gam aa suak Zomi khangthakte hunah Zomi Cikha khuamite leh Zomi Tuithang khuamite ii tate, kua khuami, tua khuami cih hong hi nawnlo aa Australian Zomi cih hong hito khawm kha thei lel ding hi. Tua ahih manin, khuami, khualui, khuamin tuamtuamte tawh kituam ngaihsut theih omlo ahi hi. Koi mun koi mun tung aa, bang awsuah bang awkaih I zangh zongin, Zomi cihleh Zopau, Zolai cih in hong khui tuah aa hong kilem sak, hong kipumkhatsak zo pen ding ahi hi. 36 1912 kumin JH Cope Topa in I Zolai pen Sizang awsuah tawh na gelh masa hi. 1913 kum ciang zattanglai ding hong ngaihsutpih aa Tedim awsuah telnop pen, theihbaih pen ahihna tawh kipsakna hong omin, Zolai tampitakte Tedim awsuah vive-in kigelh ahi hi. zattanglai ding khentat khitciang, Cope Topa in, thu kizaakna laihawmte hita leh, laibu tuamtuamte Zolai tawh a bawl ciang Tedim awsuah vive in hong gelhsak ahi hi. (Zolai Tedim awsuah) Hih hunin, Cope Topa in Kam Hau dialect cizel, Tiddim language cizel, Tedim language cizelin, mi khat bekbek ii tung pan, I minam min ahi zong, I pau I laite pen a tuamtuamin hong kilawhsak aa hong kiciaptehsak ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, Zomite ii thu pen Zomite zahin a thei minam dang kua mah omlo ahihman ahi hi. Cope Topa pen mawhsak theih omlo hi. Zomite in Zomi hihna gen dingin, na ngaihsun lua khalo uh ahih manin, hong theihna bangbangin, hong sam, hong lo, hong ciamteh ahi hi. Tuabang mahin, Zomite ii thu pen, Zomite sangin, Kawlte (Burmese te), mikangte/mangkangte (English te) in zongh theizaw tuanlo ding uhhi. Tua ahih manin, Kawlte, mikangte, vaite ii hong ciaptehna, hong cihna bangbang uh pen Zomite adingin ahoih pen, a maan pen hikhin pah tuanlo ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomite in Zomite thu pen, pulaak aa, hong thei cianlote in, theih khialhna tawh hong ciapteh suaklohna ding uh Zomite mawhpuak ahi hi. 37 Zolai khanggui Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia (Timeline version) - Zomite’ I Lai Neih Masakna pen, khangluite genna ah “Zomite in nidang hun sawtpi lai pekin, lai kinei ngei khin hi” ci-in gen uhhi. Tua lai pen savun tungah a kigelh hi aa, Go Cin in tua savunlai nisa ah a pho leh ui-in na neksak hi. Tua aa kipan, Zomite in lai a kinei nawnlo hi ci-in gen uhhi. - 1900 kum masiah, lai kigelhna savun (Savunlai), uiin a neksak khit, lai I neih nawnloh aa kipan suangpeek tung leh singpeek tung cihte ah lim suai tawm aa, lai bangin na zangh uhhi. Hih limsuiah lai pen, mualsuang gelhna-in na kizangh phadiak ahi hi. Gtn. Sabenna, samanna, sagawhna, laamsaaina cih bang dan, a tuamtuamte ciaptehna leh lakna dingin na lim zat uhhi. - 1902 kum aa Pu Pau Cin Hau tungtawnin, Zotuallai hong piangkhia hi. Lai hong piankhiatna pa, Laipian pa ci-in kithei leh kiciamteh pah hi. - 1904 kumcin, George A. Grierson (Linguist Survery of India) in, Zopau lam kankhiatna India aa Manipur base in nei ngei-in kithei hi. - December 1911 kumin Rev. W. Sheratt (Laisiangtho thuvanpi) pen Rangoon (Yangon) pan Chin Hills ah 38 tung ahi hi. Chin Hills ah Sub-division thum; Tedim, Falam leh Hakha omin Tedim khawk pen zai penpen hi. Tuahunin kumpi uliante ngaihsut leh upmawhna ah Tedim khawk sung panin tangkam (Lingua Franca) hong piang dingin lamen uhhi. Tuahangin, J.H. Cope in 1913 kumin, Matthai bu teikhiat zawh ding kipan pah ahi hi. - 1912 kumin, Cope Topa I cih Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope in, Sizang awsuah tawh Zolai hong bawlsak hi. - 1912 kumin Royal Asiatic Society cih kipawlna khat kiphuan aa Royal Family mah in sum leh pai (patron) sem pah hi. 1904 kum aa kampau leh lai lam "Linguistic Survey of India" kici laibu khat a gelh Dr. A. Gierson in makaipi sem ahi hi. Hih kipawlna panin laibu leh thukizaknate hawmzel uh aa, July 1912 kum aa abawl uh laibu sung pan laimai 647-663 kikal tengah, Zopau pen Zolai in gelhkhiatciang, Kawllai Alphabet sangin Roman Alphat zat ding kilawmzaw hi cih thu guang (gelh) uhhi. - A kumkik 1913 ciang, awsuah awkaih kibanglo Zomite sungah zattanglai ding bawlna leh kipsakna kinei thei hi. 39 - 1913 kumin, Cope Topa in, "Tual lai sintawmna bu" cih laibu khat hong bawlsakin, Zolai akigelh ciilna a masapen ahi hi. (Hih hun lai-in, Mangtual lai kici hi.) (2013 kum ciang, Zolai kum 100 cing ahi hi. 2002 kum ciang, Zotuallai pen kum 100 cing ahi hi.) - 1914 kumin, Zolai Sizang awsuah/awkaihin, la dawng 24 apha laibu khat Cope Topa in hong bawlsakin, tua pen Zomite ii neih masak penpen laibu ahi hi. Cope Topa in Biakna lam (Laisiangtho leh labu tampi) leh Leitung lam (Gamlei thu/Geography, Nate' thu/Science, Gannan bu/Mathamatics) te aa kipan, laisimbu adang tuamtuam hong bawlsak hi. - 1914 kumin, Cope Topa in laibu hong bawlsakin, a sung aa Doxology pen, a nuai aa bang ahi hi. Thupha khempiu hawng pia Topa, letung mihing a minphat ta, Vantung mi zong in Topapi, Jesu, Khangsiangtho minpha hi. - 1915 kumin, Cope Topa ii bawl; Matthew Laisiangtho 4:1-3 "Atu ciangin, a doi mangpa je-et ding in, a Khangshiangtho in Jesu gamlak ah, a pai pi hi. Ni sawmli le' zan sawmli an ngawl aa a nungciangin, a gil hawng kiel hi. A je-et pa in, hawng nai aa, Nang ma in Pashian Tapa n' hi le' hi shuang te kho mun n' shuawksak in a cihi." 40 - 1915 kumin, Matthew (Mate) Lasiangtho Zolai tawh hong gelhsak hi. - 1918 kum ciang, La dawng 100 Zolai tawh hong gelhsak leuleu hi. - 1919 kum, Kaukha (October kha) in, Zolai tawh laihawm masak pen, "Tedim thu kizaakna lai (The Chin Hills News)” ci-in, hong hawmkhia hi. Madras khuapi, India pekpah khensakin Tedim, Zogam ah a hawm ahi hi. Editor pen Cope Topa mahin sem pah hi. Tua laihawm pen Madra, India ah kikhen ahi hi. Tua laihawmna sungah, “Tedim lai a thei kitampen ahih man in, Tedim lai kigelh ahi hi” ci-in kigelh hi. (laimal leh laigualte puahphat): Tedim awsuah/awkaih, a thei kitam pen ahih man in, “Zolai Tedim awsuah/awkaih zui in kigelh ahi hi." ci-in, kigelh hi. - Mikang kummpite leh Christian biakna makaite in, Chin Hills ah Kawllai zatna tawm hu-ngaihin hong en phawt uhhi. 1920-1921 kum pawl ciangin, Educational Conference Thukimna ci-in Falam khua ah khawmpi khat kinei hi. Tua laipan, Roman Alphabet bang tawh Zolai phungvuh ding khentatna om ahi hi. 1923 October 23 ni ciangin, Chin Education Conference cih khat, Maymyo (Pyin Oo Lwin) ah om leuleu hi. Tua panin Zolai tawh sanglai simbu bawl ding thukimna hong om thei ahi hi. 41 - 1923 kum ciangin, Zola dawng 283 hong gelhkhia leuleu hi. - 1923 kumin, cope Topa ii gelh Laisiangtho hong gelhkhiatsak hi. Lungdamna Zawhang Laisiangtho 3:22,28 "22: Tu a nungciangin, Zheishu in a nungzhui te tawh, Zhuda gam ah pai uh leh tua san tak ah, a mau te tawh a omkhawm a tui shung ah a phum uhhi. 28: Keimah in, Khazhih kah hih kei hi, Khazhih mai ah hong paisak pa kah hi, ken ka cihi." - 1923 kum Theino sihkha (November kha)ciang, Cope Topa in, Zolai a bawlna hangin, kumpi in "Kaisar I Hind (KIH)" cih pahtawina pia-in, Ngun Medal ngah hi. (Kaisar cih pen German pau hi-in, Ukpi acihna ahi hi. Hindi leh Urdu pau tawh akhiatna-in "India gam ukpi" cihna ahi hi. Hih pen, England kumpi ukna India gam sung aa, na thupi semte pahtawina-in a kipia ahi hi.) - 1923 October 23 ni ciangin, Chin Education Conference cih khat, Maymyo (Pyin Oo Lwin) ah om leuleu hi. (1920-1921 lai-in Falam ah om ngei khin hi.) Tua panin Zolai tawh sanglai simbu bawl ding thukimna hong om thei ahi hi. - 1924 kum ciang, Tanbul sang (Primary school) khempeuhah Zolai tawh sinsak ding, thukimna om hi. 42 - (Hih kum panin, Kawllai ii hong deepna pan Zolai hoih takin lim sinkik ding, ki-ngaihsunin, thupi kisa tek hi. 1925 kum ciangin, Education Conference nih vei a kibawlsate tungtawnin, Rev. Cope pen kumpite in Honorary Inspector of Schools za pia uh aa, a ma bawlsa laibute Chin HIlls sangte ah hong kizangh hi. Tua kipanin, Zolai pen Roman Alphabet in hong kip paisuak ahi hi. - 1925 kum mahin L.B.Naylor a cih, Zomilo namdang khat in ”A practical handbook of chin Languages (Siyin dialect)” cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. - 1926 kumin, laihilh siate sin dingin, Leitung thu leh Gamlei thu (Geography) te Zolai-in hong gelhkhiatsak hi. - 1927 kum ciangin, 1926 kum aa laibu abawlsa pen, hong puahphakik hi. - 1931 kum ciang zongh, 1926 aa laibu 1927 in a phuahphat pen hong bawlpha lai hi. - 1931 kum mahin, Pu Thang Cin Kham (Tonzang), Pu Cin Kho Gin (Ngennung), Pu Pau Za Dong (Lailui) 43 leh Pu Sian Kho Cin (Mualbeem) te in Zotuallai na puahpha uhhi. - ?? ?? kumin, siktawlai ah Zotuallai a ki-ngah nadingin, Pu Thang Cin Kham (Tonzang), Pu Cin Kho Gin (Ngennung), Pu Pau Za Dong (Lailui) leh Pu Sian Kho Cin (Mualbeem) te Tongoo khua ah na pai uhin, hong ki-ngahsak thei uhhi. - 1931 kumin, British and Foreign Bible Society (kipawlna) pan, Zotuallai tawh, Mualtung thuhilhna (Mathew Laisiangtho alian 5 na sung) na khen’khia uh aa, dal 500 pha hi. - Zotuallai, laimal (Alphabetic Script) tawh kisimin, hong ki-ngah to aa laimal 57 hong pha hi. Tua mal 57 sung pan, 37 te, Lailung (Vonsonants leh Vowels) hiin, adang mal 20 te, Dawngtawi (Tone marks) ahi hi. - 1932 kum ciang, Laisiangtho thuciamthak bup, Zolai tawh simtheih dingin, hong bawlkhia hi. - 1932-1977 kikal, laisiangtho puahphatna omloin kizangh toto ahi hi. - 1935 kum Tangkha (June kha) ni 10 ni-in, Zolai hangin, Colgate University pan, Zolai hong bawlsak Cope Topa in Honorary Degree Doctor of Divinity (D.D) ngah hi. - 1937 kum, India leh Burma (Myanmar) a kikhen ciangin Zomite a tamzaw Burma (Myanmar) lamah 44 kiom aa, atawmzaw deuh India gamah, Manipur leh Mizogam sungah atam diakin kiom ahi hi. - 1939 kum, Tonzang khua, Zogam ah Roman Catholic Mission kipan dingin, ukpi Pu Pum Za Mang’ thukimna tawh Roman Catholic in sang hong hi. - 1954 October 2 in, Tedim khuapi, Zogam ah Eugenie Jane Andrina Henderson (Wife of George Meier) pen nipi li sung taam hi. A mah pen, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London ah Professor of Phonetics hi-in, Tedim a om khak sung Zopau na lim kan mahmah hi. Siapi vul Za Thang leh Rev. T. Hau Go (Sukte) tawh na kithuah uhhi. Pu Hau Za Lian tung panin zongh Zopau Teizang awsuah/awkaih na dong man ahi hi. Siapi Vul Za Thang ii gelh "Dahpa thu (A Dahpa Story)" leh Rev. T. Hau Go (Sukte) ii gelh "Khua Lei (The Chin story of the origin of the Great Bear)" cih laibu nih bulphuh-in, "Tiddim Chin a Descriptive Analysis of Two Texts" a kici laibu khat 1965 kumin na bawlkhiat hi. - Japan gal khitciangin Tedim khawk leh Zogam sung thu kizak theihna khatpen, Tedim pan aa kibawl "Thu kituahna" lai kici aa, pawlpi thu lam ah pen Tiddim Baptist Association –TBA pan "Lungvakna" lai ahi hi. 1961-63 sung Yangon pan Pa S.B Khual Za Kham leh Pa G.H. Gin Do Lian te in a khet uh nipi kalsim thukizakna lai "Zomi Tangko" hi aa, Myanmar sung leh India gam Manipur, Mizogam dong ah kikhawm ahi hi. Mipi sung lai tawh 45 nasepnate pen, Zozumpi dangte leh biakna kipawlna lian dang tuamtuamte pan hi masaloin, Yangon aa pilna sin Zomi sangnaupangte ii bawl "Hill Chin Students' Union Annual Magazine" cihleh "Zomi Zingsol, Zomi Magazine" kicite pan hizaw ahi hi. - 1964 kumin Dr. Marrison, (Linguistic Consultant, BFBS) London ah a sem kimlai tawlkhat sung North East India kampau thu a kan dingin Linguistic Adviser, Bible Society of India & Ceylon min tawh Shillong ah tung hi. Rev. Marrison in "A Report on Bible Translation in North East India” kici a gelhna sungah Tedim pau (Zopau- hih mun ah Tedim pau ci-in zangh hi.) Manipur gamah a kizangh kampau khat hi cih thu laimai 60 na ah a gelh hi. - 1965 kumin, Eugenie Jane Andrina Henderson (Wife of George Meier), School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London ah Professor of Phonetics in, "Tiddim Chin a Descriptive Analysis of Two Texts" a kici laibu khat English (Mikang/Mang) lai tawh na bawlkhiat hi. - 1965 kumin Prof. Henderson in 1954 kum aa Zogam ah a paina pan a theihna bangin "Tiddim Chin” kici laibu, laimai 172 a pha Oxford University Press ah khensak aa, London Oriental Series Volume 15 ci-in kiciamteh hi. 46 - 1965 kumin, Ono Toro a cih Zomilo namdang khat in, "The Reconstruction of Proto Kuki Chin: Initial consonants" a cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. - 1967 kumin Bible Society of Burma in Thuciamthak leh Late kigawm a khetciangin a tuamna sung lamah The New Tastement & Psalms in Tiddim Chin ci-in gelh hi. (Kam Hau dialect, Tiddim tua pan Tedim cih bangin hong kithei phadiak aa Zomite in Zomi hihna pulaak zawh semsem ciangin, Zomi, Zopau, Zolai ahih zawk lam damdamin hong kitheih pih toto hi.) - 1969 kumin Manipur gam ah Tiddim Chin Cultural Club kiphuan aa, India kumpi in Cultural Hall leh Printing Press pia ahi hi. (Lai nasepna dingin tampitak hong lem to pah hi.) - 1969 kumin India gam a om Zomite zat dingin Christian Literature Centre, Guwahati in Tedim Labu ci-in bu 1,000 khenkhia uhhi. U Maung U, Executive Secretary, Burma Baptist Board of Publication, Rangoon, thukimna tawh a kikhen hi aa, a sungah ? India gam aa om Tiddim Chin te ading cih thu tuang hi. Hih kum mahin Tedim Labu Tonic Solfa tawh kibawl a masapen Kawlgamah kikhen hi. (Zomi cih min tawh leitang om vetloin Tedim cih min tawh leitang na om hi. Tua ahih manin, galpi nihna WW2 lai in, Tiddim cih pen mitangin muh ding om aa Zomi cih sangin Tedim cih kilim theihzawhi. WW2 vai Indo Burma thu kigen simin Tiddim road cih 47 pen helloh a phamawh den khat ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, WW2 khit zawh leh, India leh Myanmar in suahtakna ngah zawh pen Zomi cih sangin, Tedim cih pen hong kitheihpihzawahi hi.) - 1970 April kha, Manipur gamah Sia Nok Swan Lian in khasim thukizakna Tangko khen aa, Burma gam (Myanmar) pua-ah Zolai tawh thukizakna a kikhen masa hi pah ahi hi. - 1972 kum, United Bible Societies in New York pan a khet uh ”A Book of a Thousand Tongues” kici laibupi laimai 226 sungah nidanglai aa pau a kici theizel I Zopau pen "Tedim Political Subdivision” sungah tangkam (lingua- franca) ahi hi. India gam Manipur gamah zongh Tedim minamte om uhhi ci-in na kiciamteh hi. (Chin min tawh leitang a om manin Chin in hong kitheih khak mah bangin, nidangin, Tedim min tawh leitang a om tungtawn aa Zomite pen, Tedim mi in kithei hi.) - 1972 kum mahin, Zogam ah, Pu Pum Za mang in ukpi a sep ciang, Gamngai upa Pu Pau Cin Lian leh Tonzang sang siapi Sia. Sein te ii panpihna tawh, Kam Hau thukhunte laibu in bawlkhia uhhi. A hun zui-in, Pu Hau Cin Khup in, hih thukhunte puah/behlap hi. Thukhun sungah, khenpi 25 leh khenneu 1453 om hi. Zolai bek thamloin, Kawllai (Burmese) in zongh kibawlkhia ahi hi. 48 - 1974 kumin Myanmar mahah 1969 kum aa labu pen bu 4000 kikhenkik hi. - 1974 kum mahin, Sia. Kam Khaw Thang in Laisiangtho Thuciamlui hong zo hi. Khetkhiat nading pen Myanmar ah laidal hoihlo ahih manin india ah kipuak hi. Sia. Khup Za Go in vaipuak la-aa, Rev. G.K.Nang in zongh huh hi. - 1974 kum mahin, ZBC labu kici Khalkha (Haka), Falam te tawh akibang aa solfa bulhin kikhen masa hi. - 1975 kumin Siapi Vul Za Thang leh Sia Gin Za Thawng in 1953 kum pek pan Zolai lam nasepzia tuamtuam nei thei uhhi. "How to spell, pronounce and learn Tiddim Chin words " ci-in, Chin – English dictionary (Tiddim Chin) cih min tawh tongdot bawlkhia uhhi. Hih tongdotbu pen, phonetics tawh a kithuah masapen Zomite’ tongdotbu hi pah ahi hi. - 1975 kumin, India Manipur gam Lamka khua ah ”Tedim Chin Vernacular Golden Jubilee” kici pawipi khat nasia takin kibawl hi. Mr. Holkhomang Haokip (Haukip), Minister of State (Education), Govt. of Manipur, Chief pen zinmangpi ahi hi. Tua pawipi pen, 1925 kumin Zogam ah New Education Policy a kizatciangin Kawllai teng kiphiat aa Zolai tawh lai kisim pat kum pan, tua zawh kum sawmnga cinna pawipi ahi hi. Hih pawipi tungtangin, Golden Jubilee Souvenir kikhen aa, Zolai khantohna ding a hahkat 49 phadiak Rev. J. H Cope, Sia J. Gin Za Tawng leh Rev. Kam Khaw Thang te pahtawina puanlaisan khat tek kipia ahi hi. - 1976 May 19 ni-in Rev. C. Arangaden,Associate General Secretary (Translations), Bible Society of India, Bangalore in Manipur gam Zomite lakah Zopau pen tangkam (lingua franca) damdamin a hong hih ding a upmawhna thu a gen hi. (Hih hun aa, Tedim khua leh Tedim lampi/road hangin, ei Zomite pen Tedimmi, I Zopau pen, Tedimpau in hong kitheihpih mahmah aa, tua tungtawnin, Zomi sungah zongh Tedimmi, Tedimpau cih vivein zatna mun tampitak ah om toto hi.) - 1976 kum, Chin Baptist Association, Manipur in Zolai tawh thukizakna ”Lungdamna Aw” kici pen, Kawlgam, Vaigam (Myanmar/burma, India) mun tuamtuamah kihawm kawikawi ahi hi. - 1977 kum ciangin, Laisiangtho bup puahphatna kinei zoin, Laisiangtho kibawlkhia thakte ki-ngah hi. - 1977 kum, leitungbup Laisiangtho nasep kipawlna; ”United Bible Societies (UBS)” in a khet uh Tedim laisiangtho bu 3500 kikhen aa, thuciamthak teng a tuamin bu 3500 mah kikhen hi. (Tedim laisiangtho, Tedim labu, Tedim pau, Tedim mi cih bang vivein galpi 2 na khit aa kipan lim pai toh mahmah hi. Tua ma pekin, Zomi, Zolam, Zo ngeina, Zothau, Zogam, Zopuan, Zovak, Zoak, aksa- Zohuan, Zopau/Zokam, 50 cbd... te a om sitset khin ahi hi. Namdangte in Zogam hong bat zawh, a mau hong muh, hong theihna bang tek un hong sapna uh tawh, Zomi I hihna kimelh khial mang theizel hi. Gtn. Chin, Tedim - 1979 kumin, David B. Solni a cih, Zomilo namdang khat in, "Proto Tibeto Burma in Tiddim and Lushai" cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. - 1979 kum aa kipan Tahan Tuiphum Pawlpi in khasim thukizakna ”Awging” kici khenin hawmkhia uhhi. - 1979 kumin, India gamah 1969 kum aa labu kibawl pen bu 8,000 kikhenkhiakik ahi hi. - 1980 kumin, lailam kipawlna Zomi Christian Literature Society - ZCLS hong piangkhia hi. Nipisang laisimbu, labute leh Laisiangtho khetkhiat cihte nasepin nei pah hi. - 1981 kum aa kipanin Tonzang Township Baptist Association in ”TTBA Tangko” kici kha nih simin thukizakna Zolai tawh hawmkhia uhhi. - 1982 October 12 ni-in 1932 kum aa kikhen Laisiangtho Thuciamthak a kiteipha leh Thucialui teng a kigawm aa neih zawh kum sawmnga cin, 51 pawipi Tedim Baptist Association - TBA makaihna tawh Tedim khuapi, Zogam ah kibawl hi. - 1982 October 2, 30 leh 1 November 1982 in, Paite Literature Society (PLS) leh Paite Tribe Council (PTC, nidang aa PNC) baan ah, Khangno kipawlna; Young Paite Association (YPA), Siamsin pawlpi (SSPP) te tawh "I lai, I pau I zat kei aa leh, mi sila kisuak thei hi" cih thulu tawh lailam kamkupna lianpi nei thei uhhi. Ni thum sung kikupna sungah, thu leh la tampi tak kisung thei-in, ngaihsutna tampi kibehlap aa, tua sung pan phasa/hoihsa-in kipsakna/thukimna nga (5) (Five Resolutions) nei thei uhhi. Tua nga te' sung pan khat pen, Zomi kicite (India lam beklo, Burma/Myanmar lamte) tawh, lai malgawm zatzia, lai gelhzia cihte kibatsak ding thupi-in mapan khop ding hi cih kihel hi. Paite Tribe Council (PTC) Constitution aa Paite pau a cihte uh pen: Bukpi, Dapzal, Khotak, Lamzang, Losau, Ngennung, Teizang, Tedim, Tuichiap, Val , cbd... ahi hi. - 1983 kum ciangin, Laisiangtho Thuciamthak kingahkik leuleu hi. - 1983 mahin, Bible Society of India in Laisiangtho Thuciamlui leh Thuciamthak kigawm bu 10,000 thakhatin khenkhia aa, kum 4 sungin khawnggai khin hi. 52 - 1986 January ni 1 ni-in, Siyin Region Baptist Association - SRBA taangin, Executive Secretary Rev. Max Vai Pum in United Bible Society Consultant ahi, Dr. Basil A.Rebera, Ph.D. leh Dr. David J. Clark te tungah Sizang awsuah in Laisiangtho bawl ding phalna ngen aa, ki-ngah ahi hi. - 1983 October 15 in, YPA hall ah zingsang dak 10 in lailam kikupna nei thei uhhi. Tua kikuupna tungtawn panin, khentatna 3 om hi. Tua sung panin khat pen, PNC headquater leh pawlpi tuamtuam makaite kikhopna, Joint Meeting Thupuakna Resolution No.2, dated Lamka 1st November 1982 zui-in, Manipur leh Mizoram aa om, Zomi kici, Simte, Paite kici kikalte ah Common Alphabet ii neihkhop ding lunggulhna om hi. Hih vai ah PLS mah in palai sep dingin vaipuak la uhhi. - 1984 March 27 IST 6:30am /bST 7:30am in, Liankhovung ii inn, Moreh ah India lam pan Paite Literature Society (PLS), Burma/Myanmar lam pan Zomi Christian Language Society (ZCLS) te in, kimuhna nei thei uhhi. Hih hunin, tape ngiat tawh awkhumna la uhhi ci-in, kiciamteh hi. Kikupnate ah; 1. NIV lailetna thu etna, 2. Women of the New Testament thu, 3. Zolai gelhzia bu kikhupna leh 4. Thu tuamtuam kikupkhawmna – mailam ding ngimkholhna leh adangdang cih bangin, nei uhhi. 53 Hih atung aa teng pen, Moreh Resolution ci-in min kivawh hi. - 1985 kumin India, Assam gam Guwahati khuapi panin “Zo Aw” kici kha thum hal magazine kikhen aa, 1987 dong kizomin kihawmkhia hi. India khuapi khat pan aa Zolai magazine a kikhenmasa penpen hi pah kha ding ahi hi. - 1986 March kha in Myanmar, Kalaymyo siksanin Zomi Baptist Association in kha thum ciang khatvei thukizakna “Pengkul” cih Zolai tawh hawmkhia uhhi. - 1986 kumin 1969 kum aa labu (atung ah kigelh pen) bu 10,000 kikhenkik hi. - 1986 kum mahin, Dr. Vum Son in “Zo History” kici English lai in bawlkhia hi. - 1987 kum, India, Pune khuapi panin Zomi sangnaupangte hanciamna tawh “Zomi – Chin Sangnaupang Magazine” kici khenkhia hi. - 1987 kum mahin, India, Shillong panin sangnaupangte leh galkapte hanciamna tawh “Zolengthe magazine” kikhen khia hi. Hih bangin laibu leh laihawm kibawl ngeingai phadiak hun hong suakin, India, Myanmar gam nih ah, biakna leh leh kipawlna tuamtuam pan hanciam tekin, adang tampi zongh kibawl ahi hi. 54 - 1987 kum mahin, India, Lamka pan Chin Students Association makaihna tawh “Zoheisa” kikhen khia hi. Zoheisa pen hanciam takin kizom toto hi. - 1988 kumin Zogam ah American Baptist Missionary a sem nunungpen pa Rev. Robert G Johnson in laimai 1320 a pha laibu khat bawl hi. Tua laibu sungah Zogam ah missionary te leh pawlpi makaite in a beisa hun aa lailam a sepna tangthute a kicing takin kikhum hi. - 1988 kumin, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc. (USA) in leitungbup aa kampau 6170 a kiciaptehna laibupi “Ethnologic” kici khat khenkhia uhhi. Myanmar sung aa om pau nam tuamtuamte thu a kigenna laimai 439 sungah: United Bibles Societies in 1984 kum aa Tedim kampau (Zopau) a zangh mi 1,00,000 pha ding hi cih thu leh Tedim pau (Zopau) Tedim subdivision ah tangkam (lingua franca) ahi hi, cih thu kigelh hi. Tua laibu sung mahah India gam kam pau thu a kigenna laimai 466 sungah: United Bible Societies in Tedim minam mihing (Zomi) 1,00,000 pha ding hi, cih thu kigelhin, Tedim pau (Zopau) pen tangkam (lingua franca) ahi hi cih thu mah kigelh behkik ahi hi. - 1989 kumin, Peri Bhaskararao a cih, Zomilo namdang khat in, "The process of Chimming in Tiddim Chin" cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. 55 - 1990 kum panin, pawlpi pen ngaihsut ngeiloh zahin hong khang hi. Tua panin, a baih aa ki-ngah labute pen, a tuamtek in kikhenin lai gelhziate/lai malgawmziate phenglen/deihbangin kigelh gawpta hi. A baih aa kihawm thei laihawmte kibawlin, lai malgawm kibang nawnlo tampi hong om semsem hi. Hunte hong sawt tohtoh khit, pawlpi hatte in Laisiangtho hong khen uh aa, tua panin, tampi tak khuituah (guawmtuah)kik ding hong haksa semsem ta hi. Tua pawlte laibu zat cih danin pai pian aa, zat pih ding leh zat pihloh ding cih bangin hong paiciang kikaaknate hong khang semsem hi. - 1993 April in, Yangon khuapi pan Momno laihawm kipan khia hi. Tg. Vungh Za Pau in endikpi semin, Tg. Pau Khat Suan, Tg. Go Sawm Khup, Tg. Gin Khan Khai leh Tg. Thawng Cin Khai cihte tawh ma hong pang khawm uhhi. - 1993 kum ciangin, Zolai simbu neih zawh kum 80 cing ahi hi. Khuado ciangin, “Zolai simbu kum 80 cinna 1913-1993 Souvenir, ZCLS” cih laibu khat India pan kiteikhia ahi hi. - 1993 October 9 ni-in, Tedim Chin cultural Club leh Zomi Christian Literature Society hanciamna tawh Zomi Kumthak (Khuado-kumkhen)leh Zolai kum 80 cinna pawipi kibawl hi. 56 - 1994 May 4 ni-in, Prof. C. Thang Za Tuan te' inn ah, Rev. Dr. Kham Khan Khai (Sia Khaipi) ii ngaihsutna tungtawnin, Zolai nasepna ding kimuhkhopna khat om ahi hi. Tualai ah, inntekpa tawh Col. Kam Pum, Rev. Thawng Za Mung, Rev. Thang Za Suan, Rev. Jacom Kham Khan Mung, Prof. Nang Suan Kham, Richard En Suan Gin, Pa Vung Lian Mang leh Pa Cin Sian Mung cihte kihel thei ahi hi. Zolai masuan pawlpanin, Zolai masawn pawl, ZOLUS ci-in tua kimuhna tungtawn pan hong piangkhia ahi hi. Kumsinin magazine te bawl aa, Zolai zuunna tuamtuam leh pawi tuamtuamte a hunzui-in bawl ahi hi. - 1994 October 2(Sunday) in, Zingsol laihawm kipan hi. Tua hunin logo pen khut tawh kisuai tawm ngiat hi. Laihawmte pen siktawlai tawh kikhenin, carbon paper tawh ki copy hi. Hawm khatciang pek 2 (2Ks/Myanmar sum) in ki-ngahsak hi. kipatkhiat zawh ding, kamkupna pen Suai-Pyi-Aye Hotel ah nei uhhi. Hih hunin pen, Mandalay khua sung aa om Zomite thu kizakna ciang ahi hi. - 1995 kumin, Zomi Baptist Convention of Myanmar – ZBCM in ZBCM laitai cih thu kizakna khat lai-in hawmkhia uh ahi hi. - 1996 kum ciangin, ZBCM ii laihawm pen Zomi Khristian Aw – ZOMKA ci-in laih uhhi. 57 - 1996 kumin, Peri bhaskararao a cih, Zomilo namdang khat in, “Computerized Lexical Database of Tiddim Chin and Lushai” cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. (1989 kumin Zopau pen tampitak mah na kankhia hi. Hih hunin, Tiddim cih vive tawh hong kilim theihzaw ahi hi.) - 1996/7 kumin, Zomi Christian Literature Society – ZCLS ah secretly sem Rev. Khoi Lam Thang ii hanciamna tawh Cope topa ii laihawm lui khempeuh kankik aa nuamtak a kisimkik thei dingin laibu aa hoih tak bawl phakik hi. - 1996-1998 kikal University te kikhakin, Zolai tawh nasepna tampi takte zop suak ding haksatna hong om hi. Gtn. Zingsol, Momno - 1998 kumin, weera Ostapirat a cih, Zomilo namdang khat in, “Tiddim Chin tones in historical perspective” cih khat bawl ngei-in kithei hi. - 1999 kum ciangin, Zomi Christian Literature Society - ZCLS ii puahphat ZBC labu kihawm pha hi. - 1999 April 18 in, Zomi Christian Literature Society (ZCLS) in Kalay myo (Kawlpi Tuiphum pawlpi biakinnpi) ah Zolai tawh laibu tam bawl pen cih min in Rev. Job Nang Khua Thawng (Job Thawngno) pahtawina pia uhhi. Hih pen, Zolai simbu kum 85 cin pawi tawh kituak ahi hi. Hih hun in, laibu a bawl 58 zah pen bu 20 pha hi. Octorber 17, 2013 ciang, Rev. Job Nang Khua Thawng (Job Thawngno) ii lai nasepna kum 25 cing aa bu 100 val bawl khia khin zo in, copies tul val kihawmkhia hi. - 1999 April 24 in, Zomi Momno kum 6 cin kikhop leh laisiamte pahtawina om ahi hi. Tualai ah Col. Kam Pum zongh kihel thei hi. - 2000 November ni 5 ni-in, Yangon Siyin Baptist Church - YSBC Biakinnpi ah Sizang awsuah Laisiangtho Thuciamthak apna kinei hi. - 2000 April 13 in, yahoo tungtawnin, emailgroup hong piang, Zonet akici [email protected] pen, mipi adingin groupmails tampi tak a om lak pan, zat tangzai masapen khat hong suak hi. Tua akihong masak kha (akihon tung) in Zolai tawh kikhen aa kikhah pen 4 vei omin, a kik ciang, 17 vei om aa, a November kha ciang 115 vei om hi. Tuate khitciang, khasim in, 300 pan 700, 800 kikal zah vei ta bang, Zolai pen huih lak ah leitung mun tuamtuam pan, kikhahkhia ziahziah hi. (khat veivei 59 kha khat sung bekbekin, 900 vei zongh a val hun om thei lai hi.) Khat vei kikhah pen, a thuk (a dawng)kik 4 leh 5 om thei in, thulu pawlkhat te, 10 val bang om thei lai ahih manin, 500 vei kikhah cihna sung pan, a thuk (a dawng) kik te’ khahkhiat kisimlo hilai ahi hi. Hih Zonet kihon ma-in, a dang zongh pawlkhat na om khinin, mipi taangpi ii theihpihna tawm leh ahang tuamtuam tawh a zomsuak taktak mel omlo cih bang hong suak hi. Hih Zonet kihon khit in, a dang zongh tampi hong om toto-in, mipi taangpi ii theihpih leh noptuam pih, tampi tak hong om ta hi. - 2002 July kha in Kalaymyo, Myanmar pan Sia. Thang Sian Kham leh minam vei pawlkhatte’ hanciamna tawh “Zo Aw” ci-in thukzakna kiphuankhia hi. - 2003 February ni 14 ni-in Myanmar Bible Society ah Sizang awsuah Laisiangtho Thuciamlui pen Sya Pyi Sone tungah computer disc in ki-aap thei hi. - 2006 February ciangin, Myanmar gam uk lamte leh thu tuamtuam hang tawh “Zo Aw” laihawm nasepna kidin khawl hi. - 2006 October 21 ciangin, a kikhawlsak “Zo Aw” nasemte’ sung pan Sia. Thang Sian Kham in, “Tongsan” cih tawh kalsim thukizakna tawhlai nasepna kuhkal takin zomkik hi. 60 - 2007 kumin, Tg. Tual Khan Khai (Thomas Khaipi) hanciam na tawh internet laimai (website) www.zodictionary.com kipan thei ahi hi. Internet tungtawn panin, English pan Zolai kammal khiatnate baih takin ki-en (kilet) thei ding aa kibawl ahi hi. 2013 kum ciang, hih internet online Zodictionary sungah Zolai kammal 32487 kiguang zo hi. - 2007 September in, Tg. Khen Solomon, Cinpu (Will Computer Center) leh alawm agual uh ahuh pawlkhat teng ii hanciamna tawh Electronic data interchange (EDI) in computer sungah Zolai aa Laisiangtho buppi guang zo uhhi. Hih hunin, app tawh hilo aa a Laisiangtho mahmahin (EXE), December kha ciangin a ki-ngah thei ding aa hong bawlkhia uh ahi hi. WillSOL Tedim Laisiangtho 1.0.1.3 hi in, Judson Burmese Bible leh KJV cihte zongh kigawmkhawm ahi hi. - 2008 kumin, Dr. Langh Khai in, “ZoTimes/Zomi Times” cih tawh lai nasepna kipan ahi hi. - 2008 July-October ciang, Zingsol laihawm te’ hanciamna tawh Journal Size (Avom leh akang mel) 61 tawh laimai 4 pha-in Myanmar gambup ah hawmkhia hi. (Journal size in Zolai tawh Myanmar gam sungah a kihawmkhia masapen hong suak hi.) - 2008 Oct 31 – Nov 2 ni sungin, Tedim khuapi, Myoma veng aa Bethel Assembly of God –BAG biakinnpi ah Cope topa’ Zogam tun zawh kum 98 cinna pawipi nopcitakin kibawl aa “Pasian aw, Na’ nasepna adingin hong siahsuahin” cih Joel. 2:16-17 kibulphuh hi. - 2009 February ciangin, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone Symbian OS te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. - 2009 March ciangin, tua Zingsol Journal pen colour tawh kihawmkhia zo hi. - 2009 June ciang, Zingsol in English Issue (laimai 16, Legal Half) in Siamsin sungah hawmkhia hi. (Myanmar gam sung Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna ah English tawh laihawm a masapen hipah ahi hi.) Ahi zongin, zopsuak ding haksatna tuamtuam tawh hong haksa ahi hi. - 2010 April 2 ni-in, Zolai Masawn Pawl (Zomi Literature Uplift Society - ZOLUS) in ZOLUS Award piakna pawipi khat bawl ahi hi. 62 - - 2010 October 9 ni-in, Cope topa Zogam hong tun zawh kum za cinna "Cope Centennial Jubliee - CCJ" pawipi USA, Oklahoma gamke Tulsa khuapi ah Zomi Innkuan USA makaihna tawh nopci takin kibawl hi. 2010 November 20-28 in, Zolai hong bawlsak leh Gupkhiatna thu hong puak Cope Topa kici, Rev.Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope Tedim khaupi Zogam ah hong tun zawh, kum za cinna pawlpi nopci takin kibawl hi. (CCJC kici-in, Zomite tuntunna gam tek ah a kibawlzo zahzahin kibawl ngeingai tek hi. US gam sung bekbek ah zongh, a mun a phual zui in, kipawlna tuamtuamte in bawl ngeingai uhhi.) Hih sung pan Tulsa aa Zomi Innkuan USA te ii makaihna tawh kibawlna ah Cope Topa tanute kihel thei uhhi. Tua bek thamloin, Tulsa newspaper ah hih pawi lianpi bawlna thu kisuaksak ahi hi. - 2010 November 25-28 in, Cope Centennial Jubilee Celebration (CCJC) pawipi ah a masapen, Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) apna leh zuakkhiatna kinei thei hi. Zat tangzang setvan tongdot hi-in, English, Burmese leh Zolai cihte ii akhiatnate letkhiatna ahi hi. - 2011 January kha panin, Momno laihawm pen A3 size tawh a khong mahin kihawmkhia hi. Dal li, laimai giat pha-in, khakhat khatvei kihawm khia hi. - 2011 March 18 ni-in Zokam Laisiangtho (Zokam International Version - ZIV) ci-in, smart phone te ah YouVersion app base in, Zokam cih tawh Zolai in ki- 63 ngahsak thei hi. Mobile pan ahilo, internet ngiat pan zongh a kisim thei dingin, YOUVERSION (Laisiangtho bup) leh BIBL.is a cihna ah ki-ngah thei ahi hi. Hih sung aa Zolaite pen Dr.H.Gin En Cin ii gelh ahi hi. - 2011 June 2 ni-in, Zotuallai tawh computer ah lai kikhen thei ta hi. Pu Nang Khan Ngin leh Pi Dim Khawm Cing, Muallum khuami ii tapa Sia. Gin Suan Lian in bawlkhia aa pahtawina laipi Laipian phungpi pan kipia hi. Nuamtakin Zotuallaitawh computer ah lai a kikhet theih khitciangin, Zomite lakam cih thulu tawh Sia Ngul Suan Lian M.Sc (Maths) in laibuno khat Zotuallai zangh in hong bawlkhia pah hi. Tua laibute pen a (65) veina Laipian Laisang kikhopna Phai khua panin kihawmkhia ahi hi. Tua bekthamloin, Laipian Pasian thubu bu 500 zongh Laipian phungpi pan kikhenkhia pah ahi hi. 64 - 2012 February-March kha ciangin, Myanmar (Kawlgam) bup journal dang tuamtuamte mah tawh akibangin, Momno pen journal size full colour tawh hong kibawl khia hi. - 2012 April kha ciang, Yangon ah Zo ngeina Sialsawm pawi in, Rev. Dr. Go Cin Zam (Go Chin Zam) in Momno journal apna hoih takin neihsak thei hi. - 2012 April 11 in, India lam Zomi Council (ZC) pan aa, kikipsak Zomi Language & Literature Society (ZOLLS) cih lailam kipawlna hong piangkhia hi. Zomi Reunification Organization (ZRO) ii makaihna tawh ZRO phualpi Muvanlai Camp aa kinei, "Muvanlai Consultative Meeting- 2011" tungtawn pan, thukimna tawh khentatna ahi hi. - 2012 August khapat lamin, Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED), a 2 veina ki-ngahkik leuleu hi. Hih ciangin, nam nihin kibawl hi. Zomi Model ci-in, Myanmar sum Ks 50,000 man in, US$ 80 tawh kingahsak hi. Anam dang khat pen e520 Model ci-in, Ks 75,000 man aa US$ 100 man in ki-ngah thei hi. Leitung mun tuamtuam ah ki-ngahsak kawikawi zo hi. - 2012 October 17 ni-in, ei leh ei, Computer pan Zolai I kisin theih na ding, Tg. Cin Suan Kap- Kappu (Zomi Siansin Kipawlna lungtangpi lui) ii hanciamna tawh Zolai sinna Computer Software (ZCS) kibawlkhia-in, Zolai sinna Computer Software masapen hipah hi. 65 - 2012 November kha in, Internet pan van zuakna khat Zomite in kinei hi. Hih sumbuk pen www.sumbuk.org ahi hi. Carey Pum Khan Tuang – Suante ii nasepna ahi hi. Zomite’ laibu tuamtuam, lakhui tuamtuamte leh Zo ngeina van, niikten puansilhte ki-ngah thei ahi hi. Laibu zuakzia kikhelna khat hong suak ahi hi. (note: online ah kiptakin nasep suak ding pen haksa mahmah ahih manin, hih laibu nasim hun ciang, a link pen ki-ngah laithei, ki-ngah nawnlo thei ahhi.) Note: a zuak ding leh a lei ding a 2 in haksa ahih manin, kha 10 khitciangin, khawlkik ahi hi. - 2012 November 3 ni-in, “India gam Manipur State, Imphal khuapi aa teng Pi Mawi Thang Kim - GBA in Gangte awsuah lai malgawm tawh Laisiangtho buppi, a khutin gelhkhia zo hi” cih internet laimaite pan kitangko hi. - 2012 November 6 ni-in, Australia gam, Melbourne khuapi aa Victorian School of Languages (VSL) sangpi ah Zolai kisin thei ta hi. Hih sang ah pau nam 40 val (tua lakah Zolai/Zopau zongh kihelin) kisin aa sangkah naupang 13,000 val kumsim in om den hi. Sang naupang sung pan, Zolai sinnuamte in sin kha 66 uh ahi hi. Hih sang pen 1935 kum aa kipan hi-in, gam kumpi panpih sang khat ahi hi. - 2012 November 7 ni-in, Zomi Association USA (ZAUS) ii Education Department makai Tg. Lum L. Thang ii hanciamna tawh United States gam Oregon State, Portland High School te ah, Zolai pen second language khatin kisang hi. - 2012 November 17 ni ciangin Centennial High School ah sang naupangte credit ngah theih na dingin sitna kibawl hi. - 2013 January 15 ni-in, Tg. Tual Khan Khai (Thomas Khaipi) in leitung khantohna tawh kituakin, Android kici, Mobile phone platform nam khat pan Zodict min pia-in English-Zolai dictionary app khat, amawkna in ngah theih nading, hong bawlkhia hi. Amah pen, Applied Science University, Hamburg, Germany pan Computer science sinin, Software Engineer khat ahi hi. Hih akibawl zawh, nipi 2 sung in, ala/azangh (a download) pen 3600 val om ahi hi. Hih bangin app akibawlkhiat ma, internet ah, internet laimai (website) www.zodictionary.com pen 2007 kumin kipan ahi hi. Internet tungtawn panin, 67 English pan Zolai kammal khiatnate baih takin kien thei ding aa kibawl ahi hi. 2013 kum ciang, hih internet online zodictionary sungah Zolai kammal 32487 kiguang zo ahi hi. (Falam, Khalkha/Hakha te ading zongh bawlsak ahi hi.) - 2013 February kha, Zomi Nampi Ni madeuh in, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone iOS (iPhone) te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. Mobile phone (iPhone) bek thamloin, iPad, iPod te ah zongh kingah ahi hi. Laisiangtho Zolai in Tedim awsuah, Sizang awsuah, Paite awsuah, Falam pau, Hakha pau, Mizo pau cihte leh a dang tampitakin a ki-ngah thei ding aa kikoih khawm ahi hi. Internet laimai www.laisiangtho.com ah Zolai in a kibawlsa Tedim Laisiangtho, Myanmar Bible Judson, Det Norsk Bibelselskap (Danish lai), King James Version cihte leh Young’s Literal Translation cihte ki-ngah thei ahi hi. - 2013 May 26 ni-in, Kalaymyo Emmanuel Baptist Church (Biakinn) leh Emmanuel Theological Seminary (Laisiangtho sanginn) ah Christ thu hong puak leh Zolai hong bawlsak Cope Topa phawkna aa 68 Laisiangtho bu, kihawmkhia hi. bu tulsawm a mawkna-in - 2013 May 31 ni-in, Tedim Bible cih min tawh Laisiangtho (app) pen Zolai in leitung khantohna tawh kituak aa smart mobile phone (Android OS) te ah amawknain ngah theih ding aa Tg. Cing Sian Dal in Yangon khupia, Myanmar panin hong bawlkhia hi. - 2013 July 24 ni aa kipan, Zomi National Congress – ZNC pan Myanmar kumpi hangin a min kilaih, Zomi Congress for Democracy –ZCD in khasim laihawm kipan aa “Voice of Zomi” kici hi. - 2013 July kha ciangin, Febraury 2006 kum aa a hang tuamtuam tawh a din khawl, “Zo Aw” pen Yangon bulphuhin kipan kik ahi hi. 2013 July 5 ni-in, Tulsa Oklahoma, USA ah Zo ngeina puante kisilh zihziahin, Zomi Innkuan USA (ZIUSA) ii makaihna tawh Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi nopcitak aa kibawl thei hi. Tulsa khua aa om, Full Gospel Aseembly (FGA) biakinnpi kizangh ahi hi. (ZIUSA in 2013 kum pen, Zolai kum ci ngiatin thulu pia uhhi.) - 69 - 2013 August 31 ni-in, Thailand gam, Maela Camp kicihna mun khat aa om Zomi Christian Fellowship Church (ZCFC - biakinnpi) ah Zomi Association Thailand – ZAT ii makaihna tawh Zolai kum 100 cinna pawipi kibawl ahi hi. Hih pawipi ah namdang tampite in zongh hong uap uhin, Sia Khun Oh (General Secretary of National Democratic Front NDF) zongh thugen hun kipia hi. Kawlpau in zongh, Zolai leh Zomi tangthu theihhuaite a tomkimcing takin genciannate kinei thei aa thupi mahmah ahi hi. - 2013 October 17-18 hun sungin, Pinlong Tuiphum Pawlpi, KZBA, Kalaymyo, Myanmar ah, Zomi Association for Christian communication – ZACC ii hanciamna tawh “Zolai Revival” cih khawmpi bawl dingin pawi committee tetung kiza ahi hi. (Hih pawipi kibawlma, programme kitheihkhitin, hih laibu kibawlkhia ahi hi.) 17th Oct Rev. Cin Do Piang (Asst Secretary, ZACC) in hun ukin, “Zolai thupipen hi” cih tawh thutawh kinialna (debate) neih ding, Rev. Job Nang Khaw Thawng (Church Pastor, Tahan Baptist Church) in hunzat ding cihte 18th Oct Rev. Go Mun Thang (President, ZACC) Rev. dr. Gin Khan Khual (GS, ZBCM) cihbangin gelna om aa nitaksim in lasakna pawipi tawh kop ding cih ahi hi. Zolai ii manphatna leh lai ii thupinate bulphuh mahmah ding cih ahi hi. 70 - 2013 October 30- November 3 hun sungin, Tahan Tuiphum Pawlpi, Kalaymyo, Myanmar ah Zomi Christian Literature – ZCLS ii hanciamna tawh Zolai kum 100 cin lungdam kohna bawl ding thu pawi vaihawmte tung pan kiza ahi hi. (Hih pawipi kibawlma, programme kitheihkhitin, hih laibu kibawlkhia ahi hi.) Prof.Rev. S.Pau Khan En in hih pawipi ading thubulphuh “Puahkawm, Zunkawmin Mainawt khawm ni (Jer. 1:10; 29:11)” tawh kizui-in thugenna nei ding hi. Rev.Khoi Lam Thang in “Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia”, Rev.Dr. JM.Ngul Khan Pau in “A kikhenthang Zomite’ dinmun leh mailam”, Dr. Hau Za Cin in “Tuhun nate (Science)” leh “Khantohzia leh khangno” cihte hi-in, lutman pen Ks.3,000 nget dingin kivaihawm ahi hi. Mi phazah ding pen 400 ciin kiciangtan ahi hi. 71 Zolai Khanggui Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia (Subtitles version) Zomite in lai mansuahin, neikik veve Zomite’ I Lai Neih Masakna pen, khangluite genna kamlengsawnte ah “Zomite in nidang hun sawtpi lai pekin, lai kinei ngei khin hi” ci-in gen uhhi. Tua lai pen savun tungah a kigelh hi aa, Go Cin in tua savunlai nisa-ah a pho leh ui-in na neksak hi. Tua aa kipan, Zomite in lai a kinei nawnlo hi ci-in gen uhhi. Lai kigelhna savun (Savunlai), uiin a neksak khit, lai I neih nawnloh aa kipan 1900 ciang dong, suangpeek tung leh singpeek tung cihte ah limsuai tawm aa, lai bangin na zangh uh ahi hi. Hih limsuaih lai pen, mualsuang gelhna-in na zangh phadeuh uh ahi hi. Gtn. Sabenna, samanna, sagawhna, laamsaai na cih dan a tuamtuamte ciaptehna leh lakna Mualsuang tung aa lim kisuai dingin na limzat phadiak uhhi. (Hih hun in, lai at kicilo, lai gelh zongh kicilo aa, laisuai kici hi cihbang danin a thei kha kiom hi.) Computer, phone cihte pen Zomite in nidang aa nei ngailo ahih manin, Zopau ah “Computer, Phone” cih namdang pau kizangh hi. Ahi zongin, “Lai” cih pen, Zomite in nidang aa nei ngai khin ahih manin, 72 Zopau ah “Lai” cih ding pen “Computer, Phone” cihdan aa namdangte’ pau kawm/zatpih kullo ahi hi. Laipianpa’ suahna leh ten'na 1895 kum Tunnkha (December kha) in, Tedim khuapi ah Pu Khan Lian leh Pi Cing Zam te' sungpan Pu Pau Cin Hau hong suakkhia hi. Unau giat pha-in, Pu Pau Cin Hau pen, a li na hi aa, Rev. Hau Go ii pano ahi hi. Pu ii khan sungin, Tedim khuapi ah teeng uhin, British te in, gam hong keek uh ciang, Lailui khua ah, na tai uhhi. Tua khitciangin, Mualbeem khua ah na kituah uhhi. Laipianpa’ neulai thu tawm Aneu aa kipanin, kum 15 a phaak dong, kum zawnin, khanglui ngeina, biak theih khempeuh bia-in, kithoih aa a om hang' in phatuam zo tuanlo ahi hi. Tua ciangin, a lungkia aa kisih bawl dingin, thau khat tawh khuanawl lam pai khia hi. Khuanawl a tun ciang, sakhi khat mu dihdih aa, a kap leh kha pahin, a Laipian Pa, Pu. Pau Cin Hau mah leh a mah a kithat nading thautang om nawnlo hi. Tuatakteh, kisih bawl nawnloin sakhi luang khat tawh inn lam ciahkik ahi hi. 73 Laipianpa’ mangmuhna thu Tuakhit (kisihbawl sawm khit) lam aa kipan, mangmuzelzel in, Pasian (Laipian) in "van leh lei abawl, kei mah, Pasian hong bia inla, damna hong ngenin, damna kong pia ding hi." cihi. Acih mahbangin, a nget leh dam takpi hi. Tuabek thamloin, cina midangte' ading zongh, a ngetsakte tampi in damna ngah kha uhhi. Laipian biakna hong kipatzia Tuahun laitakin, Tedim khuapi ah, Pi Nuam Dim akici kamsang khat a om hi. Pasian (Laipian) in, a ma tungah, "Ka thu a zeekkhia dingin, Pau Cin Hau, ka teel hi." ci-in gen hi. Tua panin, Pau Cin Hau biakna (Laipian biakna) hong kipan ahi hi. Hih biakna pen, Khamtungbupah manlang tak aa, hun tomno sungin hong kizeel pah hi. Zomi sungah Pasian a tamh/tap masa Pu Pau Cin Hau in, a tapa, a upa pen, Pasian tamh/tap sakin, Tg. Sian Khaw Cin ci aa na phuak hi. (Zomite' sungah Pasian a tamh/tap masapen hipah kha ding hi.) Zotuallai hong piankhiatna 1899 kumin, Pasian (Laipian) in, Pu Pau Cin Hau tung, kum nih sung mang na musak aa thu leh lai na hilh hi. 1902 kum ciangin, sim theih dingin, lai tawh hong bawlkhia hi. Lai hong mukhia, hong bawlkhia ahih manin, Laipianna pa, Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau ci-in kithei ahi hi. (2002 kum ciang, Zotuallai, kum 100 cing ahi hi. Zolai pen 2013 ciang kum 100 cing ahi hi.) 74 Zolai hong bawlsak Cope Topa tangthu tawm 1882 kum Theino sihkha (November kha) 21 ni-in, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA ah suak hi. 1899 kum ciang tui kiphum hi. 1904 kum ciang, Cope topa te nupa Rochester Theological Seminary pan B.D. (Bachelor of Divinity) ngahin, tua kum Phalkha (July kha) in, Ordination kipia hi. 1908 kum Nokha (September kha) ni 3 ni ciang, Elizabeth Coldwel Smith tawh pumkhat suak uhhi. Tapa 3: Joseph Howard Cope, Harry Cope leh Appleton Danforth Cope te nei uhhi. Zogam ah Kawllai hong tunna Zogam ah sangmangte na hong sep uh ciang, lailo tawh mabaan zom theilo uhhi. Tua ahih manin, Kawllai hilh ding aa, Kayin (Karen) gam pan, khuasak ah 1904 kumin, Sia Shwe San hong koih/hong puak uhhi. Tuazawh kum khat sungin, Kawllai asim theita kiom hi. Pu Hau Cin Khup in Tedim khuapi aa zumh ah, akah ciang, tua Kawllai sim theite mu in, thupisa mahmah ahi hi. Tua panin, Vuandokpa kiangah, Tonzang khuapi ah Kawllai hilh ding, sia, na ngen pah hi. Vuandokpa in zongh, "A sanginn ding leh sia inn ding na lam inla, na man ciang, a hilh (sia) ding hong vaihawm ning" ci-in dawngkik hi. Acih bangin, a 75 zawh khitciang, genkik pah hi. Tua ciangin, Vuandokpa in, Rev.Cope kuppihin, Sia Po Ko Tonzang khuapi ah paisak hi. Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope, Zogam hong tunna 1908 kum Tunnkha (December kha) 21 ni-in, Khalkhatung hi. Sangmang Carson sih tawh kituak ahih manin, mundang pai pahlo aa Khalkha ah kum 2 sung na om hi. 1910 kum Theino sihkha (November kha), ni 1 ni ciangin Tedim khuapi ah hong tung ahi hi. Zogam ah sang om masapen Hih pen, 1905 kum ahi hi. Hih hunin, Khuasak khua leh Tonzang khuapi ah, kivaihawm hi-in, Khamtung gam (Zogam) bupah, Sang (Sanginn) om masapen hi ding hi. Sanghon tuungin, sangnaupang 40 bang pha aa, kumbei lam ciang 70 kiim phato hi. A masapen Zolai simbu 1913 kumin, Cope topa in, Zolai sinbu hong bawlsak thei hi. 76 Zomite’ Labu (Laibu) masate Tedim labu pen, laibu in a kibawl nihna ahi hi. A kibawl masapenin, 1913 kum aa kibawl "Lai Shim Bu (Chin Primer in the Tiddim Dialect) " hi aa 1913 kumin American Baptist Mission Press, Rangoon pan kibawlkhia ahi hi. Laibu nihna pen labu ahi hi. Tedim labu pen 1914 kum ciang hi-in laimai 29 pha hi. Laibu mai aa zon-olna cih zongh omlo hi. Laibu min pen "La Bu" kici ziau hi. A thumna laibu pen labu mah hi-in, "Tedim La Bu" kici hi. Lai malgawmte tampi kipuah hi. Gtn. bu masa ah Shiangtho cih pen, bu nihna ciang Siangtho kici hi. Pashian cih malgawm pen Pasian kicito ta hi. A lina laibu pen Sia S.T.Hau Go in a lunggulhna panin 1946-48 sungin kibawl aa, Sia S.T.Hau Go mahin sem pah hi. July 23, 1948 in zo aa, Baptist Board of Publications, Rangoon pan 1949 in khenkhia hi. La dawng 295 om ahi hi. Bu 1 na leh 2 na ah Jesu cih lai malgawm pen Zeisu ci-in bu 3 na pan kilaih hi. A nga veina laibu pen Baptist Board of Publications, Rangoon pan 1959 kumin kibawl ahi hi. La dawng 295 pha aa laimai 328 ahi hi. Zon-olna omlo hi. Laisiangtho 77 kidawng zongh kihel hi. Bu tul 4 kikhen khia-in a tuamna tungah "Tedim La Bu (Tiddim Hymn Book)" kici hi. Tua Pasian phatna labu sung aa banglianin sawtveipi kizangh suaksuak ahi hi. Tua laibu mah 1959 ciangin kibawlkhia phakik ahi hi. Tua zomah 1963 ciangin Baptist Board of Publications, Rangoon pan Rev. Dr. Kam Khaw Thang in tua laibu pen behlapna tawh hong bawlkhia hi. La dawng 20 behlapin la dawng 315 pha hi. Laisiangtho kidawng zongh om aa, Zonolna zongh omta-in, laimai 366 pha ahi hi. Tua labu tungah, Sia Kam Khaw Thang min leh puahphatna thute kisuaksaklo ahih manin, a beisa aa laibu a kihawmkik (reprint) mah asasa tampi kiom hi. A zomah Tedim La Bu (Nambat 6) cih tawh Baptist Board of Publications, Rangoon thukimna pan 1963 kum ciangin, Manipur gam, India aa Chin Baptist Association ngetna bangmahin, CBCNEI tangin Christian Literature Centre, Guwahati pan bu tulkhat bawl ding kikhensat hi. Tua laitakin, Guwahati ah, Rev. Khup Za Go M.A. a kah laitak hi-in, vaipuak kipia pah ahi hi. Hih laibu tungah nambat 7 kituangsak hi. CBA upate in, vaipuakla mitkhamman ci-in sumpia uh aa a laihuanna ding sum kisap tawh kisilian ahih manin, lungdamna lianpi tawh a sang hi. Tuakhitciangin, Tedim Baptist Association - TBA thukimna tawh Tiddim Baptist Christian Endeavour Union - TBCEU in Tonic Solfa tawh a kibulh Tedim labu hong bawlkhia uhhi. May 14, 1969 in kizo siang hi. Ahi zongin, 1974 (kicianlo ??) in tua laibu kikhenkhia zo pan ahi hi. Hih laibu thugenna ciang a ngavei kibawlna kici ahi hi. (A kipuahpha leh a kiphuahphalo, a kibehlap leh a kibehlaplo tungtawnin, laibu bawlte ii nambat sim dan kibanglo 78 hikha ding hi.) Labu 7 vei a kibawlna cih theih zongh ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh 1963 kum aa kikhen labu tungah a 6 veina cih kisuaksak khinzo ahi hi. Thukhat ah, Tonic Solfa Edition ci-in ciamteh ding hilehang, a khat veina hi pah lai ding ahi hi. Hih labu sungah la dawng 469 pha in, tam mahmah ta ahi hi. Laisangtho kidawng leh zon-olnate zongh kiguangin a gawm aa laimai 453 pha hi. Demi size hiin, laimai khat sungah la dawng 2 a om tampi om ahi hi. Bu tul 4 kikhen khia ahi hi. Hih labu pen Zomi Baptist Convention - ZBC buppi ah, Falam, Hakha te' labute tawh la nambat kituak dingin kibawl hi aa "ZBC labu" ci-in kigen theizel hi. Ahizngin, a labu tuam ah "Tedim La Bu" kici hi. 1974 kum aa kibawl labu pen 1977 kum ciang, Tedim Baptist Association - TBA thukimna tawh Sia J. Zel Khaw Suan in solfa kihello aa hong bawl khia hi. Thu masapen Rev. Cin Kam, Secretary, Tedim Baptist Association in gelh aa laimai 544 pha hi. 1974 kum aa kibawl labu pen mah, ipsung aa puah ziauhziauh theih dingin, a neuno aa bu tul 8 kikhen pha hi. 1984 kum ciangin, tua labu mah a lian aa bu tul 10 kikhenkik hi. 1986 kum ciang, bu tul 2 kikhenin 1991 kum ciang bu tul 3 kikhen ahi hi. Pawlpi hong tamin, tha kihatciangin, lamal deih dan tuamtekin kikhenkhia ngeingai aa labu tampi hong om hi. 79 Zotuallai hong mial 1909 kum ciang, Kumpi in Tedim khuapi leh Lennakot (Manipur, India lam) ah Kumpi sang tan 4 ciang (Primary sang) hong hoong hi. Hih hun aa kipan, Zogam ah Kawllai vive kisin toto hi. Tua ahih manin, lai thei akicih leh Kawllai Mualbeem khua aa Kawllai tawh kigelh mualsuang theite hi aa, mualsuang khawng zongh Kawllai bekbek tawh a gelh uh tampi na om hi. Zotuallai a kipuahphatna Tua lai' pen, Zotuallai I ci aa, a masa in, lailim (Logopraphic Script) tawh kisim ahi hi. Laimal 1053 pha in, bu guk kisuah hi. 1931 kum ciang, hong puahpha hi. Laimal (Alphabetic Script) tawh kisim in, hong ki-ngah to aa laimal 57 hong pha hi. Tua mal 57 sung pan, 37 te, Lailung (Vonsonants leh Vowels) hi-in, adang mal 20 te, Dawngtawi (Tone marks) ahi hi. Tua panin, midangte na hilh sawn kawikawi hi. Zotuallai a kizatna I Zotuallai hong om tung in (Sangmang te'n hong bawlsak ma) Pu Pau Cin Hau lai bek lian kizangh ahi hi. Pu Pau Cin Hau omna kuam teng bek hiloin, Manipur leh Lusheigam (Mizoram), Zosuan te' ten'na dong ah kizeel man hi. 1917 80 kum Piantit (France) ah Zomi pawlkhat te' pailai in, hih I Zotuallai mah zangh in, innlamte tawh kizopna, thu kizaaknate na nei uhhi. Lungkimlohna, lungdamna leh a tuamtuam gelhnate ah I pu I pate in, na lim zat man mahmah uhhi. Siktawlai tawh Zotuallai a ki-ngah na Hih I Zotuallai pen, Pu Thang Cin Kham (Tonzang), Pu Cin Kho Gin (Ngennung), Pu Pau Za Dong (Lailui) leh Pu Sian Kho Cin (Mualbeem) te in na phuahpha uhhi. Rev.W.Sherrat (British and Foreign Bible Society in Burma Argent) in, I Zotuallai pen, siktawlai tawh a kikhet theih na ding in, ngaihsutna hoih hong pia hi. Tua ngaihsut piakna pen, hoih kisa tek in, atung aa I Zotuallai a na zuun siapi teng, siktawlai tawh I Zotuallai a ngah na ding in, Tongoo khua ah na pai uhhi. Zotuallai tawh Laisiangtho (Christian Holy Bible) 1931 kumin, British and Foreign Bible Society (kipawlna) pan, I Zotuallai tawh, Mualtung thuhilhna (Mathew Laisiangtho alian 5 na sung) na khenkhia uh aa, dal 500 81 pha hi. Census of India 1931 Volume XI Part (I) laimai 194 leh 195 na sungte ah "Pau Cin Hau lai" ci-in, kikhum aa, na kiciamte Zogam, Tedim khuapi khawk sungah Cope topa' kithuahpih masak pente 1910 kumin, Cope topa, Khalkha ah kum 2 a om khit, Tedim lam a tun ciang, Zomi sung pan, Sizang awsuah/awkaih a zangh, Pu Pau Suan leh Pu Thuam Hang te Thu-um-mi (Christian) na suak khin uh ahih man in, a mau mah tawh kithuah pah hi. Zolai pen Sizang awsuah/awkaih tawh kibawl masa 1910 kumin, Cope topa Khalkha ah kum 2 a om khit, Tedim lam a tun ciang, a piangthak sa Pu Pau Suan leh Pu Thuam Hang te tawh kithuah masa in, a mau zat Sizang awsuah/awkaih mah na zat pih aa, tua awsuah/awkaihte zui in, Zolai hong bawlsak hi. Zomite’ zattaanglai ding khentatna Zogam leilu lam adingin, lai hong bawlsak sawm ciang, a tangzai thei pen ding hong ngaihsun hi. Tua ahih manin, 1919 kumin, Tedim vuandok zumh ah, Tedim khawk hausa upa lian teng, kaaikhawm hi. Cope topa in, "Hat Lian Bu" (Jack The Giant Killer) akici Zolai (Sizang awsuah/awkaih) tawh a gelh khat, sim suk hi. Dal 20 ding bang a pha tangthu khat ahi hi. Tua ciangin, Zomi sung pan, awsuah/awkaih dang a zanghte in, a tel uh om mah ta-seleh, a tel zawhloh uh tamzaw ahih man in, a nuai aa bang in kikup kikna nei uhhi. 82 (Note: Thu kigen te, a kammal zat dan lianlian un, kilalo aa, a tel nop thei penpen ding in, laigual kibawlkik hi. Agen dan lian uh, ciaptehna zongh omlo hikha ding hi.) Tuimui khua hausa Pu Mang Za Thang in: "Paite awsuah/awkaih in bawl le hang, kithei kimlo ding hi. Tedim khuapi sung aa kizangh, awsuah/awkaih leh kammalte tawh bawl lehang kitel kim pen ding hi" ci-in a gen ciangin, Haiciin hausapa Pu Tual Pu in "Tua Tuimui hausapa gen pen, dik hi" ci-in thukim pah hi. Hiangzang khua hausa Pu Zam Khaw Thawng in: "Ko Thahdo awsuah/awkaih in om leh zongh kithei kimlo ding hi. Tedim khuapi aa kizangh dan in bawl ni" ci-in gen aa, Hangken hausa Pu Kam Pum in "Tua Hiangzang hausapa gen pen, ka thukim pih hi" ci pah hi. Salzang khua hausa Pu Zang Khaw Lian in: "Ko Zote awsuah/awkaih hileh kitel kimlo ding in, Tedim khua aa kizangh kammalte leh awsuah/awkaihte mah hileh tangzai pen ding hi" ci-in a gen ciangin, Mantuang beh Phaitu hausapa Pu Khan Thawng in "Salzang hausapa gen pen dik hi" ci-in thukum pih hi. Atung aa bang in, hausa lian 6 te ii genna uh, hausa upa adang teng in zongh thukim, lungkim pah uhhi. Tua bang in, makai tuamtuam leh mipi te' lthukim, lungkimna a om khitciangin, Cope topa in, kipsak in, Tedim awsuah/awkaih tungtawn in Zolai hong bawlsak hi. 83 Zomite’ laibu masapen Labu masapen 1914 kumin kibawl aa, Doxology hih bangin kitei hi. Thu pha khem piu hawng pia To Pa, Le tung mi hing a min phat ta, Van tung mi zong in To Pa Pi, Jesu, Kha Shiang Tho min phat hi. Mate Lai Thiang Tho, Tiddim Kam, 1916. A lian 4:1-3. “A tu ciangin a doi mang pa je et ding in a Kha Shiang Tho in Jesu gam lak a a pai pi hi. Ni sawm li le’ zan sawm li an ngawla a nungciangin a gil hawng kiel hi. A je et pa in hawng nai a, Nang ma in Pashian ta pa n’ hi le’ hi shuang te kho mun n’ shuawksak in a ci hi.” Zawhang Lai Siangtho, Tedim Kam, 1923. A lian 3:22. “Tu a nungciang-in Zheishu in a nungzhui-te tawh Zhuda gam-ah pai uh leh tua san tak-ah amaute tawh a om khawm a tui shung-ah a phum uhhi. 3:28. Keimah in, Khazhih kah hih kei hi, Khazhih mai-ah hong paisak pa kah hi, ken ka ci hi.” Hih bangin kammalte kilaih toto ahi hi. A masapen Zolai tawh thukizaakna 1919 kum Kaukha (October kha) in, Cope topa in, "Tedim Thukikzaakna lai" hong phuankhia-in, lailem (editor) zongh hong semkawm pah ahi hi. Dam Khup leh Thuam Hang pen sumkem a hi uhhi. Hawmkhatciangin, (pense) piaa 50 - hamu man ahi hi. Tua laihawm pen Madra, India ah kikhen ahi hi. Tua laihawmna sungah, “Tedim lai a thei kitampen ahih man in, Tedim lai kigelh ahi hi” ci-in kigelh hi. 84 (laimal leh laigual te puahphat): Tedim awsuah/awkaih, a thei kitam pen ahih man in, “Zolai Tedim awsuah/awkaih zui in kigelh ahi hi." ci-in, kigelh hi. 1919 pan 1930 dong pan Christian Literature Society's Press, Madras ah khenin, Tedim lam ah kizuak ahi hi. 1930 pan 1938 dong pen Diocesan Press, Madras pan kikhen ahi hi.(Tedim Thukizakna lai, January 1930, Tedim, Bu X Nambat 1, laimai 2 sung pan kitei) Zogam ah Kawllai sinna sanginn tam semsem Biakna sang, mun thum: Khuasak, Tedim leh Tonzang ah kihong hi. 1920 kum ciang, Biakna sang kibehlapin, Theizang, Limkhai khua leh Dolluang khua cihte ah ahi hi. Sang om khempeuh pen, Kawllai vive bulphuhna ahi hi. 1923 kum ciang, Khuasak khua ah biakna sang tan 6 ciang kihong hi. 85 Cope topa in Zolai hangin, pahtawina ngah Kumpi sawlna tawh Tedim, Falam, Khalkha pau zui-in, Lai simbu tuamtuam hong bawl aa a vekpi kigawm bu 35 pha hi. 1923 kum Theino sihkha (November kha) ciang, kumpi in "Kaisar I Hind - KIH" cih pahtawina pia-in, Ngun Medal ngah ahi hi. (Kaisar cih pen German pau hi-in, Ukpi acihna ahi hi. Hindi leh Urdu pau tawh a khiatna in "India gam ukpi" cihna ahi hi. Hih pen, England kumpi ukna India gam sung aa, na thupi semte pahtawina-in a kipia ahi hi.) 1935 kum Tangkha (June kha) ni 10 ni-in, Colgate University in, Honorary Degree Doctor of Divinity (D.D) pia hi. 1923 kumin, Cope topa ii gelh Lungdamna Laisiangtho hong gelhkhiatsak hi. Zawhang Laisiangtho 3:22,28 "22: Tu a nungciangin, Zheishu in a nungzhui te tawh, Zhuda gam ah pai uh leh tua san tak ah, a mau te tawh a omkhawm a tui shung ah a phum uhhi. 28: Keimah in, Khazhih kah hih kei hi, Khazhih mai ah hong paisak pa kah hi, ken ka cihi." Kawllai vive in hong deepna pan, Zolai kisin kik 1925 kum ciangin, Zolai mah hong kilim sinkik ahi hi. Cope topa in leitung pumpi a nusiatna Chin state in kithei Zogam simlam Mindat, Kanpalet cihte' ading, lai a bawl hun laitakin, hong nusia hi. 1938 kum Tangkha (June kha) 11 ni, zingsan dak 5:00 hun aa gilsan leh khuasik natna tawh, Khalkha khuapi pan hong nusia ahi 86 hi. (Gilsan natna hi takpi ding hiam aci zongh kiom hi.) Khalkha a tun tung aa nuntakna a bei, Rev.A.E.Carson ii kivuina hanah a zingciang kivui hi. Zogam ah, kum 25, kha 7 leh ni 9,419 sung a hunte hong pia ahi hi. Zogam ah sanginn (School) Zogam ah Rev. C.U. Strait in 1928 kumin Khalkha (Hakha) ah Laisiangtho sang masapen phuan aa, mi 13 kah hi. 1941 a ciah ciangin kizom nawnlo hi. Rev. R. G. Johnson in Japan gal khit hong paikik ciang, 1948 kumin Laisangtho sang hongkik hi. F.O. Nelson in 1947 kumin Tedim ah Laisiangtho sang hong aa, mi 21 kah ahi hi. 1953 kum aa kipanin Falam ah kituah aa, tua panin “Zomi Theological College” kici hong piang ahi hi. 1924 kum ciang, Tanbul sang (Primary school) khempeuhah Zolai tawh sinsak ding, thukimna om hi. (Hih kum panin, Kawllai ii hong deepna pan Zolai hoih tak aa lim sinkik ding, kingaihsunin, thupi kisa tek hi.) 1939 kum, Tonzang khua, Zogam ah Roman Catholic Zogam pan US ah a kipua kik, Nelson Mission kipan dingin, ukpi tonu ii singkuang, Pu Pum Za Mang’ thukimna tawh Roman Catholic in sang hong hi. 87 Laipianpa in leitung pumpi a nusiatna 1948 kum Tunnkha (December kha) 28 ni-in, Mualbem khua ah, Laipianpa Pu Pau Cin Hau in hih leitung nuntaakna nusia hi. Phonetics tawh kithuah Zolai tongdotbu masapen 1953 kumin, Siapi Vul Za Thang leh Sia Gin Za Thawng in Zopau awsuah tungtawnin lai gelhzia tuamtuam nasepna nei thei uhhi. Tua a nasepnate uh, 1975 kum ciangin, "How to spell, pronounce and learn Tiddim Chin Words" ci-in, Chin-English Dictionary (Tiddim Chin) cih min tawh tongdot kibawlkhia hi. Hih tongdotbu pen, Zolai tawh kigelh tongdot khempeuh lak pan awkaih Phonetics tawh kithuah masapen hipah ahi hi. Zomite' tangthu English lai-in a kigelh masapen October 2, 1954 in, Tedim ah Eugenie Jane Andrina Henderson (wife of George Meier) nipi li sung taam thei hi. Amah pen, professor of phonetics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London hi-in, Tedim a om theih sung, Zopau kan bawl hi. Siapi Vul Za Thang leh Rev. Sukte T. Hau Go tawh na kithuah uhhi. Pu Hau Za Lian tung panin zongh Zopau Teizang awsuah/awkaih na dong thei hi. Siapi Vul Za Thang ii gelh "Dahpa thu" (A Dahpa Story) leh Rev. Sukte T. Hau Go ii gelh "Khua Lei" (The Chin Story of the Origin of the Great Bear) cih lai nih bulphuh-in, Tiddim Chin A Descriptive Analysis of Two Texts akici laibu khat 1965 kum-in bawlkhia hi. Kam Hau thukhun bu 1972 kum mahin, Zogam ah, Pu Pum Za mang in ukpi a sep ciang, Gamngai upa Pu Pau Cin Lian leh Tonzang sang siapi 88 Sia. Sein te ii panpihna tawh, Kam Hau thukhunte laibu in bawlkhia uhhi. A hun zui-in, Pu Hau Cin Khup in, hih thukhunte puah/behlap hi. Thukhun sungah, khenpi 25 leh khenneu 1453 om hi. Zolai bek thamloin, Kawllai (Burmese) in zongh kibawlkhia ahi hi. Zolai tawh Laisiangtho buppi kibawl 1977 kum ciangin, Laisiangtho buppi (Thuciamlui leh Thuciamthak) a vekpi-in, Zolai tawh kibawl zo ahi hi. Zomi Christian Literature Society – ZCLS 1980 kumin Zomi Baptist Convention –ZBC, Trienial kikhoppi Kalaymyo, Myanmar ah kibawl ahi hi. Tua hun laitak-in Rev. Paul Thuam Thang pen Tamu velly Baptist Association ah General Secretary a sep laitak hi aa, Falam laisiangtho sangah thu vaihawm khatin zong kihel kawm ahi hi. Siapa in Zopau kamphen kullo (Tedim awsuah) kampaute kithukhualna ding a deihluat manin mipi zintun nitak-in Seihkanta Pa Gin Khaw Thang’ in ah thu kikupna (Meeting) neih ding vaihawmin mipil, pawlpi sia tampitak kihel thei ahi hi. Tua kamkupna tungtawn panin thu khentatna bangmah om manlo aa,Khalkha (Hakha) khua ZBC minister's Conference hun sungah kimu-in vaihawm khawm ding cih tawh holimna tawlnga uhhi. Khalkha (Hakha) tun ciangin, 89 ZBC Trienial Kawlpi (Kalaymyo) pan kivaikhakna om bangin ZBC minister's Conference Hakha khua ah April 24, 1980 ni nai 6;30 pm hun ciang U Liancii ii innah mipil, pawlpi sia tampitak kihelin kikhopna om ahi hi. Kipawlna kipat ding leh thukhun suih dingte kivaihawm hi. August 9-10 1980 sungin Leipi Baptist Church Kalaymyo ah kikum khawm uh aa, Constitution geel baanah nipi sang thusin ding laibu 23 leh adang bu 12 tei ding leh panmunlen ding geel kholin vaihawm uhhi. Tedim khuapi, Zogam pan ZCLS hong piang khia, Khamtung gam saklam sia kipawlna (KSTSK) kikhoppi Oct. 24-26, 1980 sung teng ZCLS kipatna ding meeting kisam ahi hi. Tua tungin KSTSK pen ZTSK (Zomi thuhilhsia kipawlna) ci-in kilaih hi. Consitution leh by-law kipsak uh aa, Hakha a Tedim Literature Society - TCLS kici pen Zomi Cristian Literature Society tawh kilaih ahi hi. Laibu bawl dingte kipsak uh aa, panmun len ding zongh kiteel pah uh ahi hi. Hih kipawlna in, a hunzui-in laibute leh a kisam a tuamtuamte bawl aa, thugenna pawite leh concert tuamtuamte zongh vaihawmzel uh ahi hi. Paite Literature Society – PLS October 2,30 leh November 1, 1982 in, Paite Literature Society (PLS) leh Paite Tribe Council (PTC, nidang aa PNC) baanah, Khangno kipawlna; Young Paite Association (YPA), Siamsin pawlpi (SSPP) te tawh "I lai, I pau I zat kei aa leh, mi’ sila kisuak thei hi" cih thulu tawh lailam kamkupna lianpi nei thei uhhi. 90 Ni thum sung kikupna sungah, thu leh la tampi tak kisung thei-in, ngaihsutna tampi kibehlap aa, tua sung pan phasa/hoihsa-in kipsakna/thukimna (Resolution) nga nei thei uhhi. Tua nga te' sung pan khat pen, Zomi kicite (India lam beklo, Burma/Myanmar lamte) tawh, lai malgawm zatzia, lai gelhzia cihte kibatsak ding thupi-in mapan khop ding hi cih kihel hi. Paite Tribe Council (PTC) Constitution aa Paite pau a cihte: Bukpi, Dapzal, Khotak, Lamzang, Losau, Ngennung, Teizang, Tedim, Tuichiap, Val , cbd... ahi hi. October 15, 1983 in, YPA hall ah zingsang dak 10 in lailam kikupna nei thei uhhi. Tua kikupna tungtawn panin, khentatna 3 om ahi hi. Tua khentatna thum sung pan khat pen, PNC headquater leh pawlpi tuamtuam makaite kikhopna, Joint Meeting Thupuakna Resolution No.2, dated Lamka 1st November 1982 zui-in, Manipur leh Mizoram aa om, Zomi kici, Simte, Paite kici kikalte ah Common Alphabet ii neih khop ding lunggulhna om ahi hi. Hih vai ah PLS mah in palai sep dingin vaipuak la uhhi. Moreh Resolution March 27, 1984 IST 6:30am /bST 7:30am in Lian kho Vung ii inn, Moreh ah India lam pan Paite Literature Society (PLS), Burma/Myanmar lam pan Zomi Christian Language Society (ZCLS) te in, kimuhna nei thei uhhi. Hih hunin, tape ngiat tawh awkhumna (ciaptehna) la uhhi ci-in, kiciamteh hi. Kikupnate ah; 1. NIV lailetna thu etna, 2. Women of the New Testament thu, 3. Zolai gelhzia bu kikupna leh 4. Thu tuamtuam kikupkhawmna – mailam ding ngimkholhna leh adangdang cih bangin, nei uhhi. 91 Hih atung aa teng pen, Moreh Resolution ci-in min kivawh ahi hi. Zolai Tedim awsuah tawh kigelh Laisiangtho Myanmar sung Chin Hills (Chin state) pan Laisiangtho pen Sizang awsuah Zolai tawh kitei masapen ahi hi. (Laisiangtho bup pen Tedim awsuah Zolai tawh ahi hi.) India, Myanmar leh Bangladesh sung aa kiim leh paam teng lak pan hileh, a kitei 3 na ahi hi. Meitei lai-in pen Dr. Grierson in teisak hi. Mizo (tuahunin Lushei/lusei) lai tawh 1898 kumin kitei 2 na hi. A zomah, 1912 kumin Lakher (Mara) lai tawh kiteikhia ahi hi. 1915 kumin, Lungdamna Thu Matthai (Mate/Matthew) bu British & Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) in Rangoon (Yangon) ah khen hi. Rev. J. H. Cope in 1910 aa Tedim a tun ciangin, lai nasepna kipan pah ahi hi. July 7, 1913 ciangin, Matthai a tei pen zo ahi hi. November 5, 1913 ciangin, BFBS in khet ding thukimpih ahi hi. 1915 kum ciang kikhenkhiazo/ki-ngah theita ahi hi. Hihbangdan mahin, tawmtawmta aa Mark, Luke, Johan cihte zongh a kikhen toto hi aa bangkum lianin khen cih bel kithei cianlo ahi hi. November 22, 1928 kum ciang, Thuciamthak bu khempeuh bawlkhiat theih lian dingin BFBS zum ah kipuak zo ahi hi. January 2, 1931 kum ciang hoih tak a thakin etphatna (sitphatna) kizo hi. 1932 kum ciangin, Chin Hilss, Myanmar sung pan Tedim awsuah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho Thuciamthak bu ki-ngah ahi hi. Hih laiteina ah, Tedim khua aa teng Sia. Vial Nang in lim huh mahmah hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. 92 1931 kum ciangin BFBS te mahin Mualtung Thuhilhna teng Zotuallai tawh khen uhhi. Hih vai ah, Cope tonu leh Tonzang khua pan Pu Thang Cin Kham in naakpitakin huh mahmah hi ci-in kiciamteh ahi hi. 1932 kumin, Chin Hills ah a masapen Thuciamthak bu BFBS te mah in khen uhhi. Rev. Cope in Matthai bu a zawh ciangin laibu dangte teito pah ngekngek ahi hi. March 1932 kumin, Tedim khua ah Lasiangthu bu ngahna khawmpi kibawl aa kilawp mahmah ciatin mi tampi kipha hi. Thuciamthak bu a nih vei khetna pen Japan gal lai-in kikhen aa (a kum lian kicianlo) Sia. Vial Nang leh Sia. Hau Go in tawmtawm puahpha danin kithei hi. Tua a nih veina pen bu tul kikhenkhia ahi hi. 1948 kumin Thuciamthak bu mah a thum veina kikhenkik hi. Japan galpi hangin, van tampi leh laibute mangthang khin a ahi hi. Tua laitakin, Madras Christian College ah a kah, Sia. Hau Go in Kawlgam (Myanmar/burma) pek pan aa a puak Laisiangtho pen ki-ngah thei lai aa, tua laibu tungtawnin, a thum veina kikhen khiakik ahi hi. Etphatna (Sitphatna) pen, Sia Hau Go in sem ci-in kiciamteh hi. 1951 kumin, Thuciamthak bu mah kikhenkik hi. 1964 kum ciangin, Thuciamlui aa Late (Psalms) kikhen ahi hi. 1932 kum pek panin, Thuciamthak bu om khin hinapi aa Thuciamlui bu pen kinei hak mahmah suak ahi hi. Rev. Cope topa in Thuciamthak bu a zawh ciangin, thuciamlui bu tei suak pah aa Piancialna leh Paikhiatna zo man ahi hi. Ahi zongin, a laibu in kikhenkhia manlo aa laidal in a omsa teng zongh koilam tungmang cih kimuzo nawnlo ahi hi. Tuazawh ciang, Sia. Hau Go USA ah Laisiangtho sangkah 93 ding aa a pai in, sangkhak sung Thuciamlui bu tei ding hanciamna om hi. Ahizngin, sangkah kawmin zozolo ahi hi. USA pan Zogam ah a ciahkik ciangin zopsawm aa Zomi Baptist Convenstion - ZBC tawh Falam, Khalkha, Tedim teng gawm aa, tua kipawlna ah General Secretary - GS sem ahih manin, tua a Laisiangtho tei zom suakzo nawnlo hi. 1960 kum pawl ciangin, Tedim Baptist Association - TBA in Rev. Kam Khaw Thang laitei dingih seh uhhi. Tuapanin, Laisiangtho Thuciamlui bu teikhiat ding hoih tak hong kipan thei ahi hi. 1967 kum ciangin, Laisiangtho bup, Thuciamlui leh Thuciamthak kigawm Myanmar lasiangtho khen pawlpi in hong khenkhia hi. 1963 kumin, Myanmar ah Lungdamnathu hong puak Rev. Judson a tun zawh kum 150 cinna pawipi Yangon ah kibawlhi. Tua huhau tengtawh Lasiangtho bawl ding kilawp tek ahi hi. CBA pawlpi tawh kizom CBCNEI makai GS, Rev. Edward Singh ii hanciamna tawh Guwahati pan pawisim mi pawlkhat mah kipai suk ahi hi. Tualakah, Sia. Lian Za Go, (Director of CBA) zongh kihel hi. Tuabangin kimuh khop theihna a omna tungtawn pan, Thuciamthak leh Late pen Kawlgam panin India Laisiangtho khen pawlpi tungah kikhak to hi. Tuapanin, India gamah zongh lei theih dingin kivaihawm hi. June 12, 1977 ciangin, Tedim Baptist Association - TBA ii vaihawmna tawh Rev. Kam Khaw thang leh committee ii tei', Thuciamlui leh Thuciamthak teng, United Bible Societies vaihawmna tawh Bibile Society of India in khenkhia aa a masapen Zolai, Tedim awsuah Laisiangtho bu, India lamah ki-ngah thei ahi hi. Laisiangtho buppi bu 3,500 kibawl aa Thuciamthak pen bu 3,500 mah kikhenkhia ahi hi. 94 1979 kumin Laisiangtho bup bu tul 2 kikhen khiakik ahi hi. 1980 kum ciangin, Thuciamthak teng bu tul 2 mah kikhenkhia hi. 1983 kum ciangin, Rev. Cope topa ii tei, Thuciamthak pen Rev. Kam Khaw Thang in tei pha aa, Thuciamlui kiteisa tawh gawmin bu tul 10 kikhenkhia ahi hi. 1983 kum mahin, Pulpit Bible ci-in, lai malgol tawh kikhen bu 300 kibawl hi. Hihbang hunte khitciangin, bu tampi mah kikhen toto in, lai malgawmte leh lai gualhziate zongh khat leh khat a kibanglo bu tampi hong kibawlkhia hi. Zolai Sizang awsuah tawh kigelh Laisiangtho 1986 January ni 1 ni-in, Siyin Region Baptist Association SRBA taangin, Executive Secretary Rev. Max Vai Pum in United Bible Society Consultant ahi, Dr. Basil A.Rebera, Ph.D. leh Dr. David J. Clark te tungah Sizang awsuah in Laisangtho bawl ding phalna ngen aa, ki-ngah ahi hi. 2000 November ni 5 ni-in, Yangon Siyin Baptist Church YSBC Biakinnpi ah Sizang awsuah Laisiangtho Thuciamthak apna kinei hi. 2003 February ni 14 ni-in Myanmar Bible Society ah Sizang awsuah Laisiangtho Thuciamlui pen Sya Pyi Sone tungah computer disc in ki-aap thei hi. 95 Momno News Journal (Zolai tawh news journal kibawl masa nihna) April 1993 in, Yangon khuapi pan Momno laihawm kipan khia ahi hi. Tg. Vungh Za Pau in endikpi semin, Tg. Pau Khat Suan, Tg. Go Sawm Khup, Tg. Gin Khan Khai leh Tg. Thawng Cin Khai cihte tawh mapang khawm uh ahi hi. Momno Journal 1996 in, Momno khaktanna thuak aa khawl kha uhhi. laihawm tawmvei 1997 ciang, Tg. Kham Min Thang, Tg. Thoman On Sian Mung, Tg. Hero Hau Lian Mung, Tg. Thang Sian Dal leh Tg. Thang Lian Pau te in, haksatna tampi kawmkal pan, hong dingkik uh aa Momno laihawm kizom zokik uhhi. 1998 kum ciangin, momno kum 5 cin pawi, Pa Vung Lian Thang te inn ah kibawl hi. (Momno pen, 1993 pan 2010 ciang, a khongin kihawm ahi hi. Khakhat khatvei hi-in, biakna pawlpi tuamtuamte ah kihawm ahi hi. Dal khat, laimai nih pha hi. Ahang tuamtuam tawh, makai/ panmun len kikhel kawikawi aa, Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna in lenzel, sangkhak ciang mimal in lenzel cih bang ahi hi.) January 2011 panin, A3 size tawh a khong mah aa kihawmkhia hi. Dal li, laimai giat pha hi. Khakhat khatvei kihawm khia ahi hi. 96 February-March 2012 ciangin, Myanmar (Kawlgam) bup journal dang tuamtuamte mah tawh a kibangin, full colour tawh hong kibawl khia hi. kipatkhiatna dingin, Journal sungah advertisement ding zong uh aa kyats (Myanmar sum) Then 4 (40,000 Ks) ngah uhhi. A kisam lai teng pen sum leitawi aa kipatkhiat ahi hi. Hih pen Zolai tawh journal kibawl a masapen Zingsol ii zom, a nihna ahi hi. Laidal in hawmna pan Journal ah hong kilaih toh hunin, Lia Niang Theih Kim (2012 Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna pawllutang) in endikpi sem aa Tg. Pau Sian Siam, Lia Cing Lim Lun, Lia Cing Ngaih Lian, Tg. Kap Thawng Kiim, Tg. Pau Kiim Tuang leh Tg. Joseph Sian Lian Khai (University sangpi kah kawm vive in mapang ahi uhhi.) cihte leh Myanmar bup mun tuamtuam ah laihawm tanu (mimal tawh ahi zong, kipawlna omsate tungtawn ahi zong) kiom kawikawi thei hi. Khakhat khatveita kihawmkhia ahi hi. Hawmkhatciang tul ta bawlkhia hi. Journal 700-900 dong ta kihawmkhia zo hi. Hih hunin, 200ks in kizuak aa Hawmkhat ai ding sum bei zah pen 300,000 kiimta ahi hi. A kizuak khia sung pan, sum ngahkik a tampen 60%ciang khawng bek ahi hi. April 2012, Yangon ah Zo ngeina Sialsawm pawi-in, Rev. Dr. Go Cin Zam (Go Chin Zam) in Momno apna hoih takin neihsak thei ahi hi. 97 Zingsol News Journal (Zolai tawh news journal masapen) October 2 1994 (Sunday) in, Zingsol laihawm kipan hi. Tua hunin logo pen khut tawh kisuai tawm ngiat ahi hi. Siktawlai tawh kikhenin, carbon paper tawh ki copy hi. Hawm khatciang pek 2 (2Ks) in ki-ngahsak hi. kipatkhiat zawh ding, kamkupna pen Suai-Pyi-Aye Hotel ah nei Zingsol journal hawmkhat aa tuamna laimai uhhi. Hih hunin pen, Mandalay khua sung aa om Zomite thu kizakna ahi hi. Edikpi pen Sia Mang Tung Thang ahi hi. 1996 kumin, Zingsol Magazine kibawl zo hi. 1996-1998 kikal University te kikhakin, nasep zop suak ding haksatna hong om ahi hi. 1998-2006 kikal A4 dal tawh kha nih ciang khatveita kihawm hi. 2006 pan, khasimin kihawm aa A3 size te kizangh ahi hi. (Hih ciangin, internet tungtawnin zongh a khong in kihawmkhia hi.) February 2007 pan B4 size (Magazine size) tawh laimai 12 pha-in khasim kihawmkhia ahi hi. 98 July-October 2008 ciang, Journal Size (Avom leh akang mel) tawh laimai 4 pha in Myanmar bup ah kihawmkhia hi. Journal size in Zolai tawh Myanmar sungah a kihawmkhia masapen hong suak hi. March 2009 ciangin, tua Journal pen colour tawh kihawmkhia zo ahi hi. June 2009 ciang, English Issue (laimai 16, Legal Half) in Siamsin sungah kihawm hi. (Myanmar sung Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna ah English tawh laihawm a masapen hipah ahi hi.) Ahi zongin, haksatna tuamtuam hangin zopsuak ding hong haksa hi. January-July 2010 ciang Sunday simin legal size tawh dal 1 ta kihawm hi. April 2011 in Zingsol sepcial Double Issue (Magazine) laimai 56 pha kihawmkhia hi. August-November 2011 in, Journal size (coloured cover) laimai 4 in khasim kihawmkhia hi. 2012 ciang, Mandalay khua sung aa om Zomi upa 5 te tungah, 130,000Ks leitawi uhhi. Tua sum teng tawh laimai 20, a pha colour tawh laimai 8 pha, journal hong hawmkhia uhhi. 2012 sung in, 4 vei a hawm khitciang, sum leh paai haksatna hangin, khawlkik hi. February 2013 pan ding kikin kihawmkhia zokik hi. Hih hun sung tengin, panmunlen vaipuak la pen kikhel toto aa, Journal hun ciang, Dr. Tg. Sian Nun Siam in endikpi semin Tg. Pau Sian Muan, Tg. Peter En Lam Suum, Dr. Tg. 99 Nang Khan Lian, Tg. Kham Geel Cin Tung, Lia Niang Sian Ciang, Lia thang Sian Cing, Tg. Thang Sian Sing, Tg. Nang Kim Sang cihte in hanciamna tawh sem uhhi. Tuabaan ah, laihawmna, bawlkhiatna cih bang a kisam tuamtuamte ah mapang pen adang tampi omin, a mun a mual zui-in, mimal aa, kipawlna in panpihna tuamtuam kinei hi. Zingsol leh Momno pen na sepna tuamtuamte ah kipanpih tuakin, kalsuan uh ahi hi. Zomi ahilo namdang Zolai/Zopau nasemte 1904: George A. Grierson: "Linguist Survery of India", 1925: L.B.naylor: "A practical handbook of Chin Languages (Siyin dialect)", 1965: Eugene J.A. Henderson: Tiddim Chin: A descriptive analysis of Two texts", 1965: Ono Toro: "The Reconstruction of Proto Kuki Chin: Initial Consonants", 1979: David B. Solni: "Proto Tibeto Burma in Tiddim and Lushai", 1989: Peri Bhaskararao: "The process of Chimming in Tiddim Chin", 1996: Peri Bhaskararao: "Computerized lexical database of Tiddim Chin and Lushai" 1998: Weera Ostapirat: "Tiddim Chin tones in historical perspective" leh 1954 October 2 in, Tedim khuapi, Zogam ah Eugenie Jane Andrina Henderson (Wife of George Meier) pen nipi li sung taam hi. A mah pen, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London ah Professor of Phonetics hi-in, Tedim a om khak sung Zopau na lim kan mahmah hi. Siapi vul Za Thang leh Rev. T. Hau Go (Sukte) tawh na kithuah 100 uhhi. Pu Hau Za Lian tung panin zongh Zopau Teizang awsuah/awkaih na dong man ahi hi. Siapi Vul Za Thang ii gelh "Dahpa thu (A Dahpa Story)" leh Rev. T. Hau Go (Sukte) ii gelh "Khua Lei (The Chin story of the origin of the Great Bear)" cih laibu nih bulphuh-in, "Tiddim Chin a Descriptive Analysis of Two Texts" a kici laibu khat 1965 kumin na bawlkhiat hi. Cope topa laihawmsate kepcingna 1919-1938 kum kikalin “TEDIM THUKIZAKNA LAI” cih laihawm pen Rev. Dr. Joseph Herber Cope - Cope topa in India gam, Madras ah khenin Tedim pan khasim a hawmkhia den ahi hi. Pasian hehpihna tawh kimtakin hih laihawmte pen om lai ahih manin lungdam huai mahmah ahi hi. Revd. Khoi Lam Thang in Zomi Christian Literature Society –ZCLS ah 1996-1999 sung Secretary a seplai-in lai-uuk, laikin pawlkhat tawh gawmtuah aa laimai 1000 val pha ahi hi. Tua teng khempeuh pen computer tawh hoih takin kipuahkik ahi hi. Malneu sakzaw deuh leh column zongh a etlawm ding, a kitang sitset ding in kigualkik aa laimai hong tawmzaw deuh pahin laimai tul pan 792 hong pha suk ahi hi. Lai-ukk leh laisiam pawlkhatte (Sia. Khoi Lam Thang, Rev. Job Nang Khaw Thang, cbd…) te in laibu in bawlkhia uh aa laibupi thum kisuah ahi hi. Magazine size (10”x7”) hi aa bu khatciang Ks. 15,000 tawh kizuak khia ahi hi. 101 Zomi Literature Uplift Society –ZOLUS 1994 May 4 ni-in, Prof. C. Thang Za Tuan te' inn ah, Rev. Dr. Kham Khan Khai (Sia Khaipi) ii ngaihsutna tungtawnin, Zolai nasepna ding kimuhkhopna khat om ahi hi. Tualai ah, inntekpa tawh Col. Kam Pum, Rev. Thawng Za Mung, Rev. Thang Za Suan, Rev. Jacom Kham Khan Mung, Prof. Nang Suan Kham, Richard En Suan Gin, Pa Vung Lian Mang leh Pa Cin Sian Mung cihte kihel thei ahi hi. Zolai masuan pawlpanin, Zolai masawn pawl, ZOLUS ci-in tua kimuhna tungtawn pan hong piangkhia ahi hi. Kumsinin magazines/journals te bawl aa, Zolai zuunna tuamtuam leh pawi tuamtuamte a hunzui-in bawl ahi hi. 2010 April 2 ni-in, Zolai Masawn Pawl (Zomi Literature Uplift Society - ZOLUS) in ZOLUS Award piakna pawipi khat bawl ahi hi. AZBC biakinnpi, Yangon, Myanmar ah hi aa 11 am pan 1 pm kikal ahi hi. Tulsa, USA panin Zolus founder Rev. Dr. Kham Khan Khai leh Oxford, UK panin Rev. Dr. Gin Khan Khual (thapiatna/hanthotnna nei) kihel thei hi. Pahtawina tuamtuam a piakna sung uh pan, lai lam pahtawina pen, 1. Rev. Dr. Kam Khawn Thang in pahtawina ngah aa, "Lai nasep cih pen, laina a sem hiloin, mihingte lungsim khuak 102 ngaihsutnate a bawlpha a puah nasepna ahi hi." ci-in gen hi. 2. Rev. Paul Thuam Thang - Late leh 3. Col. H. Kam Pum (Rtd.) - Late (hong nusia khin ahih hang' kipahtawi lai veve aa, a angkawi in lungdamna thugen hi.) cihte in a ngah uhhi. Zolai manphatna media tungtawn pan kilangh khia 13th April AD 2000 hun lai-in, Zonet kici internet tungtawn pan email group khat ahi, [email protected] kihong (kibawl) hi. Hih hunma-in pawkhat leh hih hun khitin tampitak, leitung aa minthang IT company tuamtuamte’ tungtawnin, online group kihong zihziah ahi hi. Mipi ii zat pen leh theih pih, noptuam pih email group tampi a om lak pan, Zonet pen a masa cih theih hong suak hi. Zomi Media tampitak hangin, Zolai tawh - Leitungbup mun tuam tek pan, deidanna omloin, online ah Zomite Zolai ngiat mah tawh kizom dimdiam thei hi. - Kizopnate ah, Zolai mah kilim zat pen pahin, Zolai kepna nam khat zongh hipah ahi hi. - Zolai ngiat tawh a hunsimin, dotna dawnna tuamtuam, thu kizaakna leh adang tampitakte kinei den hi. - Zolai kinlo (thupi salo) pawlkhatte in, Zolai kinlawh leh Zolai ii manphatnate theih lawh (muh lawh) uhhi. - Zolai simhun tampi a nisim, a kaalsimin a kinei den hong suaksak hi. - Zolai siamlo tampi in, siam lawh uhhi. 103 - Zolai pen, kigelh munzaw, kisim munzaw hong suakin, kikupna thu tuamtuamte lak ah Zolai thu mahmah zongh tamveipi kikup, holimna om theizelzel ahi hi. - Zolai malgawmzia tuamtuam, zatzia, san' zia, hoihsak dan, deih dan cihte tampi hong om khia-in, khat leh khat in kitheihpih pah tek hi. - Zolai tawh thuthak zaaksakna tuamtuam, Zomi media tampite in, hong nei-in, Zolai ii manphatna hong khang semsem ahi hi. India leh Myanmar sung Zolai nasepna ah min kibang 1985 kumin India, Assam gam Guwahati khuapi panin “Zo Aw” kici kha thum hal magazine kibawl aa, 1987 dong kizomin kihawmkhia hi. India khuapi khat pan aa Zolai magazine a kikhenmasa penpen hi pah kha ding ahi hi. Myanmar Young Crusaders –MYC ii makaihna tawh Kalay khua ah 12 May 2002 in, MYC zumkhen khat hong uhhi. Nasepna tuamtuam kinei aa tuate a tangzai semsemna dingin, Zolai mahmah tawh thu kizakna neih ding kilunggulh hi. July 2002 ciangin, MYC-Kalay ah Director sem Sia Khampeek (Pu Thang Sian Kham) leh lai lam uuk, gam leh minam it Kalay khua sung pan mi 40 kiim dingin Maranatha Building ah kamkupna nei thei uh ahi hi. Tua kamkkupna sungah, Zo Awging, Zomi Awging, Laizom, Zomi Thupuak, cbd... laihawm nasepna min ding ngaihsutna tek kigen khia hi. A tamzaw ii thukimna tawh ”Zo Aw” kikipsak ahi hi. Rev. Khup Za Go in ”Zo Aw” min 104 tawh India, Lamka lam ah lai nasep na nei aa, lai nasem khat leh khat kizahtakna-in, min kibang zat ding zaksakna leh ngetna thu kipuak ahi hi. Rev. Khup Za Go omna , New Delhi ah lai kikhak pah aa, siapa in zongh lungdam kipak takin dawngkik bek thamlo aa, ama genkikna ah " Kawlgam a om Zomite in hih bangin minam sungah tangzai mahmah dingin Zo Aw Laihawm nong patkhiat theih manun lungdam mahmah ing. Tua banah Zo Aw pen kei hawmkhiat lam zongh kitheikim khalo ding himah leh hihbang aa nong zasak/nong nget tangtang manun kipak mahmah ing. Zo Aw pen India lamah kei patkhiat ahih zenzen hangin, Kawlgam lamah Zo Aw mah tawh na hawmkhiat theih sese manun, hih pen I minam bup ading Pasian hong deihsak khat hi kha ngelngel ding hi " ci-in a ma muhna leh lamdang asakna zongh lai sungah gelhkhia ahi hi. Thukhat ah Rev. Khup Za Go kiang pan phalna le thukimpihna om kei phial mah leh zongh, Zo Aw- Committee thukimna omsa bangin kihawmkhia veve ding ahi hi. Maranatha Building, MYCKalay Brach Zumpi Address in kikoih in kihawmkhia pah ziahziah hi. Zo Aw laihawmna ah nipisim editorial gelh dingin, laigelh siam zawdeuh Pastor mi 6 kiseh ahi hi. Tua tengin nipikhat khatveita editorial hi-in, Zo Aw zumah puak uhhi. Tua Editorial Board tengin, Rev.Dr. Khen Za Sian, Rev. Suan Khen Mung (ZCLS), Rev. Go Khan Dal ( Phualpi Baptist Pastor), Rev. Tuan Suan Thang ( Phualpi AG Pastor), Sia Langh Khan Khai ( ZTCS), Sia Khampeek cihte ahi uhhi. 105 Lai nasepna hangin dongtuak om Galkap kumpi SB2 /MI te in Zo Aw lai nasepna pen, thu tuamtuam hang tawh man uhhi. Kumpite in Zo Aw kalsim laihawm khempeuh pen Kawllai tawh manmanin na letkhia pahpah uh aa, kumpi zumpi ah file tawh limtak na koih ngiat uhhi. Tuate khempeuh lakkikin Zo Aw nasepna khaktan uh ahi hi. Tuapanin, Zo Aw Committee tangin Pa Ngul Do Tuang leh Pa Hang Lian Khup te in ulian zumpi Kha-Wah-Tah ah kamhumna Ks.200000 pia uhhi. A matna uh a paulap/a hangte-in (1) Zo Aw cih pen ZOMI cih limlim ZRO/A te khawng tawh kizom ding upmawhna neihtuak, (2) Nipisim Kalay khua vanman leh sumkhekna suahsakte deihlo (3) Committee or Mihon kipawlna limlim deihlo (4) Kumpi pan registration omlo leh (5) India, Manipur lam a Zomipihte' thute suahsak deihlo cih teng bulphuh uh ahi hi. Febraury 2006 sungin Zo Aw dinkhawl kha aa, kumkhat ai tatman a piasate tung sum kipiakik ahi hi. Ahi zongin, 2013 July kha ciang “Zo Aw” min mah tawh Yangon bulphuhin kipan kik ahi hi. Hanciamna tawh tanu semte pen, Pu Khen Za Sian, Pu Suan Lian Mang, Pu Khup Lam Cin, Pu Do Khan Tuang, Pu Hau Mun Khai, Pu Kham Khen Thang, Pu Hau Siam, Pu Pum Za Dal, Pu Kappu, Pu Neng Cin Lian, Pu Thawng Mang leh Pu Thang Za Khual te ahi uhhi. Khua tuam, mun tuam tekah a hawmsawm ding zongh kiseh kawikawi ahi hi. 106 Zolai Online Tongdot (Dictionary) 2007 kumin, Tg. Tual Khan Khai (Thomas Khaipi) hanciamna tawh internet laimai (website) www.zodictionary.com kipan thei ahi hi. Internet laimai ah English pan Zolai kammal khiatnate baih takin kien thei ding aa kibawl ahi hi. 2013 kum ciang, hih internet online zodictionary sungah Zolai kammal 32487 kiguang zo ahi hi. Paite Literature Society - PLS, 2008 October 14, 2008 in, Paite Literature Society (PLS) ii zumpi ah kamkupna (meeting) nei thei uhhi. November 29, 2008 in a 2 veina kamkupna nei-in, panmun kiseh thei uhhi. March 27, 1984 IST 6:30am /bST 7:30am in Lian kho Vung ii inn, Moreh ah India lam pan Paite Literature Society (PLS), Burma/Myanmar lam pan Zomi Christian Language Society (ZCLS) te in, kimuhna nei thei uhhi. Hih hunin, tape ngiat tawh awkhumna (ciaptehna) la uhhi ci-in, kiciamteh ahi hi. 107 Cope Centennial Jubliee Celebration (CCJC) – Tedim November 25-28, 2010 in, Cope Centennial Jubilee Celebration (CCJC) pawipi nopci takin, Cope Centennial Jubilee Hall, Tedim khuapi, Zogam ah kibawl ahi hi. Hih a kibawl theihna dingin, kumpi lam pan phalna pen, Zolai paulapin kinei hi. Hih pawipi pen, Rev. Dr. Joseph Herber Cope (J.H. Cope Topa) hong tunzawh kum za cin pawipi ahi hi. Ahi zongin, pawipi bawl theih nading, phalna pen tua pawipi ii thu tawh ki-ngah theilo ding ahih manin, Zolai paulapin kibawl ahi hi. (Hih pen telkhialh khak hetloh ding thupi mahmah hi.) 2010 kumin, Cope topa hong tun, kum 100 cing aa, hong tun zawh kum 3 khitciang Zolai hong bawlsak zo in, 2013 kum ciang Zolai neih zawh kum 100 a cing ahi hi. Pawipi sungah, Pasian mizat siapi tampitakin thulu tuamtuam tawh thugenna, thapiak hanthawtnate nei thei uhhi. Kampau kidan pih Thuummi tampitakin Kachin gam pan zampi hong puakna (2010, Tedim) lungdampihna laite 108 hong khak uh leh hong kihel thei uh ahi hi. Tua sung pan, behte I cih, sanggah Kachin (Jinphaw,…) te in zongh ngeina zampi tawh lopna hong neih pih uh ahi hi. CCJC pawipi muakna-in, CCJC Literature Department (lailam vaipuakla) te in, Zolai manphatna cih thulu tawh laigelh kidemna bawl uhhi. Tua kidemna ah Akhatna - Rev. Job Nang Khaw Thang anihna - Tg. Michael Hau Thang (Leo, Lailui) athumna - Rev. Pau Sian Kham (C.T.B.A., Cikha) cihte in, ngah uhhi. Pawipi ah akihel thei limlim pen, Myanmar gamsung, gampua leilu leitaw pan kigawm mi 15,000 - 20,000 kiim pha dingin kiummawh ahi hi. Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) – Tongdot tangzang November 25-28, 2010 in, Cope Centennial Jubilee Celebration (CCJC) pawipi sungin, a masapen, Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) apna leh zuakkhiatna kinei thei ahi hi. ZED appna (2010, Tedim, Cope kum za cin pawi - cCJ) Zat tangzang setvan tongdot hi-in, English, Burmese leh 109 Zolai cihte ii akhiatnate letkhiatna ahi hi. Hih ZED pen, Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna (ZSK), Zomi Christian Literature (ZCLS), Zomi Computer and Internet Association (ZOCIA), Christian Literature Centre (CLC)Yangon, ZangKong Awging Endikpawl leh Sanggam DTP cih kipawlna tuamtuamte ii vaihawmna pan ki-ngah khia ahi hi. Kawlgamah, a masapen SMART Electronic Dictionary kici abawl, Era Technology Company Ltd., tawh semkhawmin, Taiwan pan kibawlkhia ahi hi. CCJC pawipi ah ZED tongdot pen tang/mal 100 lian kingahsak thei uhhi. Khatciangin, Myanmar sum Kyats 55,000 (hih hunin US$ 55 kiim tawh ZED zuakna (Tedim, 2010, CCJ pawi lai) <3 kikim) man hi. Cope Centennial Jubliee pawi (CCJ pawi/CCJC) – USA 2010 October 9 ni-in, Cope topa Zogam hong tun zawh kum za cinna "Cope Centennial Jubliee - CCJ" pawipi USA, Oklahoma gamkee Tulsa khuapi aa om Marriott Hotel, ah Zomi Innkuan USA makaihna tawh nopci takin kibawl ahi hi. 110 - Rev. Cin Khaw Kham in hun-uk sem hi. Honna (patna) thungen Rev. Zam King Mang hi aa makai lampan thugenna Rev. Dr. Cin Do Kham (Chin Do Kham) in nei ahi hi. - Rev. Ernest R. Flores leh Rev. Khup Khen Pau te in, kum za cinna ahih manin, zaam za vei tumna nei thei uhhi. 2010, Tulsa ah Rev.Ernest R. Flores in zaam a tum laitak - Dr. C. Thang Za Tuan in Cope topa tangthu leh Zolai thu gennate nei thei ahi hi.Rev. Thang Cin Khan – Taithul (Rev. Thangcin Khan Taithul) in Zomite lakah Cope topa ii nasepna thute genna nei ahi hi. Rev. Dr. Cin Khaw Khai (Chin Khaw Khai) in lungdamkoh thungetna nei hi. Rev. Dr. Dam Suan Mung in Zomi ta dingin a tuam vilvel aa thungetna nei ahi hi. Robert Cope (Cope topa tupa) ii thugenna nei thei aa, a thugenna tampi lakpan; "Ka pu uh pen, ka thei kha man kei - 2010 in Tulsa ah Robert Cope (Cope topa tupa) 111 uhhi. Banghanghiam cihleh, ko a tute ka pian ma un, a mah pen Burma lam ah na zin khin hi. Ahi zongin, ka pu a na mu kha Zomite ii tu leh ta no teng tawh kimu kha ka hihmanin, ka lungdam hi." ci-in thugen hi. - Christine Cope Dudley (Cope topa' tunu) in zongh kihel thei-in Cope topa in, a tate lakah khat pen, in Tulsa ah a lungsim a neu 2010 Christine Cope Dudley (Cope tunu) mahmah laitakin lai a khak khat simkhia hi. Karen Nelson Cox (Nelson tanu) in zongh nuamsa takin thugenna nei aa "Kanu hitakah, ei 2010 in Tulsa ah Karen Nelson Cox (Nelson tanu) tawh hong omkhawm nuam mahmah hi. Ahi zongin, khualzin gamlaakna leh cidamna hangin hong kihel zolo suak hi. Kawlgam (Burma) panin, US (America) ka ciahkik un ah, ka sanggamnu Lois pen kum 10 pha pan hi." ci-in gen hi. "Zeisu'n hong it hi, Zeisu'n hong it hi... Laisiangtho in gen hi" acih la pen ngah lai-in, hongsa khia aa mipite in khutbengin awng ziahziah aa kisak pih pah ngeingai ahi hi. - 112 Lam hilh Aksi (Jubilee Choir) kisa hi. Lamal pen "Hallelujah, Hallelujah... dawi gam sungah Khazih gam kiphut ta, naakpi'n nuam un, nuam un Hallelujah, Kum za cinna muangsuang kiphutzota..." cihbang ahi hi. - Rev. Kham Za Nang in sumpi, piakkhiatna apna thungetna nei hi. Rev. Ernest R.Flores, Germantown Second Baptist Church (Sangmang hong khahkhia pawlpi) panin thugenna hong nei thei hi. “a muh ngei nailohna, a pai ngei nailohna, pau a theihlohna, ngeina a theihpih khaklohna ah, zi nei tung, khangno khat” cih kammal tawh Cope topa thu a genna pan hi. 2010 in Tulsa ah Rev. Ernest R.Flores - Rev. Khup Khen Pau, Cope Memorial Baptist Church (CMBC) pastor, Tedim, Zogam in zongh thugenna nei ahi hi. Zola Pasian la ahoih nono tampitak laisiamte in sa uh, makaih uh aa, Zo ngeina Zolamte tawh Pasian min kiphatphat hi. Zopuan kisilh zihziahin, Mikangte in zongh silh uhhi. - - Pa Vung Lian Mang in pahtawina leh minphatna tuamtuam piakna nei hi. Tua sungah, Zopuan leh a tuamtuamte Cope topa leh Tonu Nelson ii suan leh khakte kipia ahi hi. 113 - Pu Go Sawm Khup, (pawipi pianna ding aa vaihawm) in lungdamna thugenna nei hi. Rev. Dr. Tung Za Pau in khupna thungetna leh lungdamkohna nei thei ahi hi. Hih pawipi ah mipi tul val bang, migam milei ahih hangin kipha zo ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, English te’ media tampitakte ah suak kawikawi ahi hi. (Media lian tawh lian mello tawh kisuaksak ngeingai ahi hi.) Media tampi ii suaksakna pan a liankhat ahi, Tulsa World (www.tulsaworld.com) in, Dr. Cin Do Kham (Chin Do Kham) tawh holimna (interview) nei thei ahi hi. Zomi Language & Literature Society - ZOLLS Zomi Reunification Organization (ZRO) ii makaihna tawh ZRO phualpi Muvanlai Camp aa kinei, "Muvanlai Consultative Meeting- 2011" tungtawn pan, thukimna leh khensatna tawh kizui-in, Zomi sungah Pau leh Lai lam kipawlna, Zomi Language & Literature Society (ZOLLS) min kiphuankhia ahi hi. India gam aa om Zomi kipawlna lian khat ahi, Zomi Council in 11th April 2012 in, kipsakna nei hi. Executive Committee • • • • • • Chairman : Rev. Dr. Luaichinthang Vice Chairman : Dr. Neng Ngaih Lian Secretary : Mr. S. Dal Sian Pau Assistant Secretary: Mr. Pauchungnung Vaiphei Finance Secretary : Rev. Dr. Kam Khan Thang Treasurer : Rev. Stephen Chinzathang 114 • • • Information & Publicity: Mr. Seilet Mate leh Mr. Lianzalal. Members : Dr. Liankhanlal, Mr. M. Vumhau, Mr. Thanglianmang, Mr. M. Liansonmang leh Mr. Thathang Hangshing. Advisery Board : Mr. K. Guite, Mr. K.Vungzamawi, Rev. Dr. T.K. Muana, Dr. Dal Lian Haokip, Dr. R. Sanga leh Dr. Tualchin Neihsia Zolai Aksipite pan khat January 6, 2012 nipini nitakin India gam aa Zomi biakna makai minthang leh ettehhuai Guite beh Rev. Dr. G. Khamkam (kum 83) in a tenna New Lamka ah damlohna hangin hong nusia hi. January 8 in New Lamka Hanmual ah kivui hi. Siapa pen Lamka a Grace Bible College Founding Principal (1981 - 97) ahi hi. 1954 - 57 sung Union Biblical Seminary (UBS), Yeotmal, India panin G Th. zo a, 1969 in BA banah 1989 in UBS panin BD zokik hi. Kum 1997 in Evangel Christian University of America in a thesis 'How To Study Bible' cih a gelhna panin Doctor of Ministry (D Min) kipia ahi hi. Sia Khamkam in laibu bu 33 gelh ahi hi. (Laigelh khatin Lai nasem khat zahtak piakna-in, a mathu leh a sepsate tawm kigelh ahi hi. A zahtakhuai adang tampi Zomi sungah kiom lai hi.Lai hong bawlsak Cope topa ii thu bekbek genloin, tua lai a zun a puan tua lai tawh nasep mithupi tampitakte zongh I pahtawi siam ding kisam mahmah ahi hi.) 115 Tuate: Bible Tangthu Bu Khatna (1962), Bible Thu Taangpi, Bible Thuhilh Poimawh Bu Nihna (1967), Bible a Numei Sawmngate (1969), Bible Tunbtang Thu, Bible Zilna Kongpi No. 1 (1977), Exodus Laibu Suina Bu Nihna (1981), Halhna, Hindanhoih Bu 5na (1989), Hebrute (1976), I & II Peter & Juda Laikhakte Duina (1977), I & II Timothi, Tita leh Philemon Suina (1975), Intermediate, Laihawlpawl Zillai Bu , Itna Lamdang (1963), Khristian Hinkhua Bulphuh leh Kipsakna dia Poimawhte (2003), Khristian Innkuan (1965), Kilakna - Mangmuhna Suina (1978), Lungsim Damdawi (1964), Naupang Heutu Panpihtu (1981), Nehemia Suina (1978), Niteng Hatna (1992 a pan tuni dong), Niteng Mana (1966), Pai-Hin-Lish (1992), Paite Pau Sinna (1993), Panpihtu (1976), Panpihtu Nihna (1977), Philipi leh Kolose te Hilhchianbu (1973), Ruth leh Esther Suina (1977), Taangthu Lakkhawm (1970), Tangthu Hing (Thukhunlui Tangthu) (1989), Tangthu Hing Bu Khatna (1977), Thukhunlui Tangthu (1966), Toupa Jesu Gentehnate (1969), leh YCAR Kikhopna Pitu (1969) cihte ahi hi. Hite baanah Paite Bible Translation nasepna ah ama bung masate ahihhi. Paite Lai siangtho version tuamtuam kikhente ah a sutpi khat hi den ahi hi. Zolai Aksipite pan khat Dr. Gin En Cin in Zolai nasepna ah hanciam lua mahmah ahih ciangin dotna a kibawl leh “Zomite in I Zolai mah tawh Pasian’ kammal Laisiangtho simin, Zokam mah tawh Pasian pahtawina lasa-in, Zokam mah tawh thu I ngetciangin Pasian tawh kizopna thukpenin, I lungsim hong bun pen hi. Zolai kasep ciangin Pasian’ na a sem aa 116 ki-ngaihsun kahi hi. Zomite minam khat aa I kiciaptehna ahih manin seploh phamawh hi” ci-in gen hi. (Laigelh khatin Lai nasem khat zahtak piakna-in, a mathu leh a sepsate tawm kigelh ahi hi. A zahtakhuai adang tampi Zomi sungah kiom lai hi.Lai hong bawlsak Cope topa ii thu bekbek genloin, tua lai a zun a puan tua lai tawh nasep mithupi tampitakte zongh I pahtawi siam ding kisam mahmah ahi hi.) 19.5.1935 kumin Tuitum, Zogam, Myanmar aa suak hi aa BCMin (2005), DD (2006) kumin ngah hi. Press Manager, 1964, Harvest Camp 1969, Reaching the Heathens 1996, ZCA Coordinator 2006 cihbang danin panmunte na len hi. 2011 kumin ZOLUS kipawlna pan ZOLUS Award kipia hi. Lai nasepte: - - - - Adult Literacy Organise-Upa lai theilote lai hilhna 1972 (Zolai thielo mi tulval lai theita cihna letmat pia) 1972 kumin, Zolai simbu puah committee member (Tua aa kipanin Zolai simbu Tedim- Tonzang gam sanginnte ah kumsimin kicingsak zo den hi.) 1985 kum pan kipanin, Zolai thu, seminar te Moreh, Tedim, Kalaymyo cihte ah 2009 kum ding bawl kawikawi ahi hi. “How to spell & write Zokam” cih bulphuh den ahi hi. 1986 kumin, Tedim Roman Catholic Biakna labu phuahphatna ah committee ah kihelin rtyme tawh thuah pahpah aa November 1, 1993 in zo uhhi. 117 - - - 1983-1994 kum sung tengin, Zomi International Version –ZIV ci-in ippuak cia ding Lasiangtho Thuciamthak teng bawlkhia hi. 1994 kumin Falam Catholic labu leh Laica Siar CaUk, ABC Chart leh Tanlang pan tan nih ciang bawlpih hi. 2000 kumin, Thuciamthak, Late leh Paunak kigawm –NIV te zongh bawlkhia hi. 2003 kumin Zolai endikte khutlet laibu bawlkhia hi. ZIV-NIV Laisiasngtho pilna laibu (Late, Paunak, Thuhilhna, Solomon late) Zolai leh English lai-in et khop theih ding aa hong bawl khia hi. Australia aa Kumpi ciapteh sanginn ah Zolai kisin thei 2012 November 6 ni-in, Australia gam, Melbourne khuapi aa Victorian School of Languages (VSL) sangpi ah Zolai kisin thei ta hi. Hih sang ah pau nam 40 val (tua lakah Zolai/Zopau zongh kihelin) kisin aa sangkah naupang 13,000 val kumsim in om den hi. Sang naupang sung pan, Zolai sinnuamte in sin kha uh ahi hi. Hih sang pen 1935 kum aa kipan hi-in, gam kumpi panpih sang khat ahi hi. USA aa High School sanginn ah Zolai kisin thei 2012 November 7 ni-in, Zomi Association USA (ZAUS) ii Education Department makai Tg. Lum L. Thang ii hanciamna tawh United States gam Oregon State, Portland 118 High School te ah, Zolai pen second language khatin kisang hi. 2012 November 17 ni ciangin Centennial High School ah sang naupangte credit ngah theih na dingin sitna kibawl hi. 2009 kum pek panin Zolai nasep leh a dang tuamtuamte hanciam toto aa Zolai sinna bu zongh Sangpi ah Zolai sin theih ma-in kiging phitphet sa-in kibawl ahi hi. Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED) a nih veina kibawlkhia August khapat lam 2012 in, Zomi Electronic Dictionary (ZED), a 2 veina ki-ngahkik leuleu hi. Tua sungah, tongdot bek hiloin, English pau ei leh ei kisin tawm theihna, Basic Calculator leh Scientific Calculater, nai leh adang a kimang ding a kizang thei tuamtuam pawlkaht kihel beh ahi hi. Hih ciangin, nam nihin kibawl hi. Zomi Model ci-in, Myanmar sum Ks 50,000 man aa, US$ 80 tawh ki-ngahsak hi. Anam 119 dang khat pen e520 Model ci-in, Ks 75,000 man aa US$ 100 manin ki-ngah thei hi. Leitung mun tuamtuamah kingahsak kawikawi zo hi. A kilamdangna pen, e520 ah, English, Burmese, Zolai bek thamloin, Chinese leh grammar hilhcianna pawlkhat kihel ahi hi. Tua baanah, MP3 zongh ki-ngah beh aa, screen zongh hoih zawin 4GB Memory ahi hi. Zolai sinna Computer Software masapen 17 October 2012 in, Zolai sinna Computer Software (ZCS) cih computer pan ei leh ei in, Zolai I kisin theih nading software khat hong kibawlkhia hi. Hih ZCS a kici ei leh ei in computer pan Zolai sin theihna, Zomite in a neih hunin, Myanmar (Burma) gambupah minam dang kua mahin nei zo nailo uh ahi hi. Kawlgam media tuamtuamt e ah zongh hih Zolai sinna Computer Software hong piangkhiatna thu, suak kawikawi hi. Thupi leh manpha kisa tekin, media te in, hih a bawlkhia Zomi, Tg. Chin Suan Kap-Kappu (Zomi 120 Siansin Kipawlna lutangpi lui) zongh holimna, dotna dawnna (interview) tuamtuam bawl pah ziahziah uhhi. - Zolai kammal zat bulpite pen, Zogam sangmang J.H. Cope topa ii bawl Roman Alphabet te ahi hi. - Zolai sinna, zuunna leh puah tohtohna, Zolai sinbute bulphuhin kibawl ahi hi. - Zomi Literature Uplift Society (ZOLUS) kipawlna ii theipihna tawh kibawl khia ahi hi. - Dawllang (tanlang) pan dawlli na ciang, sin theih dingin kibawl ahi hi. - Laihilh siamte ii hilh dan mah bangin, I sim theihloh khat peuh (i theih nopna khat peuh) ii laigual tungah mek (click) lehang, a awsuah hong kipaukhia hi. - BG Production panin, hih ZCS kibawlkhia ahi hi. - A zatzia dingte zongh melmuh tongsan tawh, leitungbup aa kizangh, a minthang Youtube leh a dang tuamtuam panin, hilhciannate kician takin kikhah ahi hi. Khut tawh Laisiangtho buppi gelhkhia 2012 November 3 ni-in, “India gam Manipur State, Imphal khuapi aa teng Pi Mawi Thang Kim - GBA in Gangte awsuah lai malgawm tawh Laisiangtho buppi, a khutin gelhkhia zo hi” cih internet laimaite pan kitangko hi. Zolai App Dictionary - Tongdot 15th January 2013 in, Tg. Tual Khan Khai (Thomas Khaipi) in leitung khantohna tawh kituakin, Android kici, Mobile phone platform nam khat pan Zodict min pia-in EnglishZolai dictionary app khat, amawkna-in ngah theih nading, hong bawlkhia ahi hi. Amah pen, Applied Science 121 University, Hamburg, Germany pan Computer science sinin, Softwre Engineer khat ahi hi. o o o o Zomi Computer and Internet Association (ZOCIA) tawh semkhawm aa kibawlkhia ahi hi. Zomi Christian Literature Society (ZCLS) tawh semkhawm aa, Tongdot (English- Tedim Chin Dictionary) laibu tungtawnin, English pan Zolai (Tedim awsuah) ngah ding aa, kibawlkhia ahi hi. Global Falam Youth Organization (GFYO) tawh semkhawm aa, Siapi Van Kyi ii bawl English- Falam Chin dictionary laibu tungtawnin, English pan Laizo lai (Falam awsuah) ngah ding aa, kibawlkhia ahi hi. Dr. Van Bik ii English-Chin dictionary laibu tungtawnin, English pan Khalkha lai ngah ding aa, kibawlkhia ahi hi. Hih a kibawl zawh, nipi 2 sungin, a la/a zangh (a download) pen 3600 val om ahi hi. Hih bangin app a kibawlkhiat ma, internet ah, internet laimai (website) www.zodictionary.com pen 2007 kumin kipan ahi hi. Internet tungtawn panin, English pan Zolai kammal khiatnate baih takin kien thei ding aa kibawl ahi hi. 2013 kum ciang, hih internet online zodictionary sungah Zolai kammal 32487 kiguang zo ahi hi. 122 Online Laisiangtho 2013 February kha, Zomi nampi ni madeuh in, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone iOS (iPhone) te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. Mobile phone (iPhone) bek thamloin, iPad, iPod te ah zongh ki-ngah ahi hi. Internet laimai www.laisiangtho.com ah Zolai in a kibawlsa Tedim Laisiangtho, Myanmar Bible Judson, Det Norsk Bibelselskap (Danish lai), King James Version cihte leh Young’s Literal Translation cihte ki-ngah thei ahi hi. 2007 September in, Tg. Khen Solomon, Cinpu (Will Computer Center) leh alawm agual uh ahuh pawlkhat teng ii hanciamna tawh Electronic data interchange (EDI) in computer sungah Zolai aa Laisiangtho buppi guang zo uhhi. Hih hunin, app tawh hilo aa a Laisiangtho mahmahin (EXE), a ki-ngah thei ding aa abawl uh ahi hi. WillSOL Tedim Laisiangtho 1.0.1.3 hi in, Judson Burmese Bible leh KJV cihte zongh kigawmkhawm ahi hi. 2009 February ciangin, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone Symbian OS te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. Mobile App Laisiangtho - 2009 February ciangin, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone Symbian OS te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. 123 - 2011 March 18 ni-in Zokam Laisiangtho (Zokam International Version ZIV) ci-in, smart phone te ah YouVersion app base in, Zokam cih tawh Zolai in kingahsak thei hi. Mobile pan ahilo, internet ngiat pan zongh a kisim thei dingin, YOUVERSION (Laisiangtho bup) leh BIBL.is a cihna ah ki-ngah thei ahi hi. Hih sung aa Zolaite pen Dr.H.Gin En Cin ii gelh ahi hi. - 2013 February kha, Zomi nampi ni madeuh in, Tg. Khen Solomon leh Cinpu (Will Computer Center) te in mobile phone iOS (iPhone) te ah Zolai tawh Laisiangtho sim theih dingin app ki-ngahsak uhhi. Mobile phone (iPhone) bek thamloin, iPad, iPod te ah zongh ki-ngah ahi hi. Internet laimai www.laisiangtho.com ah Zolai in a kibawlsa Tedim Laisiangtho, Myanmar Bible Judson, Det Norsk Bibelselskap (Danish lai), King James Version cihte leh Young’s Literal Translation cihte ki-ngah thei ahi hi. - 2013 May 31 ni-in, Tedim Bible cih min tawh Laisiangtho (app) pen Zolai in leitung khantohna tawh kituak aa smart mobile phone (Android OS) te ah amawkna-in ngah theih ding aa Tg. Cing Sian Dal in Yangon khupia, Myanmar panin hong bawlkhia hi. 124 Mobile App Tongdot 2013 January 15 ni-in, Tg. Tual Khan Khai (Thomas Khaipi) in leitung khantohna tawh kituakin, Android kici, Mobile phone platform nam khat pan Zodict min pia-in EnglishZolai dictionary app khat, amawkna in ngah theih nading, hong bawlkhia hi. Amah pen, Applied Science University, Hamburg, Germany pan Computer science sinin, Software Engineer khat ahi hi. Hih akibawl zawh, nipi 2 sung in, ala/azangh (a download) pen 3600 val om ahi hi. Hih bangin app akibawlkhiat ma, internet ah, internet laimai (website) www.zodictionary.com pen 2007 kumin kipan ahi hi. Internet tungtawn panin, English pan Zolai kammal khiatnate baih takin kien thei ding aa kibawl ahi hi. 2013 kum ciang, hih internet online zodictionary sungah Zolai kammal 32487 kiguang zo ahi hi. (Falam, Khalkha/Hakha te ading zongh bawlsak ahi hi.) British Museum Library ah Zolai a kikemte British Museum Library cih laibusaalpi khat England gam ah om hi. 1955 kum ma aa laibu kibawlte lahna hi phadiak ahi hi. Leitung mun tuamtuam pan aa kikhen laibu 1955 ma aa minte pen "British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books to 1955 Compact Edtion" kici laibu khatah gawm khawm uh ahi hi. Volum 3, laimai 187 na ah, Chin: Kam Hau Dialect "Mate Lai Thiangtho - Tedim Kam (The Gospel of Matthew - Tiddim Dialect)" Translated by 125 J.H. Cope, Pp.78 BFBS, Rangoon, 1915 ci-in a kiciamteh om hi. Tuabek thamloin, Chin: Kam Hau Dialect "Zawhang Lai Shiangtho - Tedim Kam (The Gospel of John in Chin – Kam Hau Dialect)” Translated by J.H.Cope, Pp.82, American Baptist Press: Rangoon, 1923 cihte om sitset ahi hi. Hih bangzah dongin, gamkhangto minamliante in lai thupisak uhhi. Kem tinten uhhi. A sim theihloh uh lai nangawn hoih takin manphat bawl uh ahi hi. Hihbangdan tungtawnin sanggam Naga te in zongh CBCNEI kipawlna tungtawn pan, a laibu neihte uh, laibu tuamtuam direction leh ciaptenna laibupi bawlin a hunhunin puahtoto uh ahi hi. Zomite in zongh Zolai kum 100 cing hita-in neih zawh huai mahmah ta ahi hi. Theih dingah tuabang bawlzawh aa leh, Paite, Hmar, Thano, Vaiphei, Gangte, Simte cihbangdan (cbd...) te a kinai phadiak teng huamkim zotakin thupit sim zawh ding kisam ahi hi. Mikangte in Zolai dongin huam uh aa thupit bawl uh ahi hi. 126 Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl – USA July 5, 2013 in, Tulsa Oklahoma, USA ah Zomite ngeina puante kisilh zihziahin, Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi nopcitak aa Zomi Innkuan USA ii makaihna tawh kibawl thei hi. USA, Oklahoma gamke, Tulsa khua aa om, Full Gospel Aseembly (FGA) biakinnpi kizangh ahi hi. Hihhun sungah, Rev. Thawng Cin Taithul in, Zolai hong piankhiat zia gen hi. A zomah Zomi lasiam, music siamte in Pasian minphatna leh gam leh minam itna late sa uhhi. Tua zomah, Dr. Cin Do Kham (Chin Do Kham) in thugenna nei aa omna mun tawh kizui-in English pau in nei ahi hi. A zomah, Foundering member of ZOLUS, Pa Vungh Lian Mang in, kum 100 sung Zolai nasepnate genna tomkimcing takin nei thei hi. A zomah, Zo ngeina lapite leh ngeina lamte aa kipan, Zolai hong bawlsak, Cope topa tangthu limlahna zongh kinei thei ahi hi.Dr. Suan Za Dong in thugenna nei aa, a mah pen, Australia pan zin mangpi-in a kihel ahi hi. 127 Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl – Thailand 2013 August 31 ni-in, Thailand gam, Maela Camp kicihna mun khat aa om Zomi Christian Fellowship Church (ZCFC Biakinnpi) ah Zomi Association Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi, Thailand, 2013 kum Thailand – ZAT ii makaihna tawh Zolai kum 100 cinna pawipi kibawl ahi hi. Hih pawipi ah namdang tampite in zongh hong uap uhin, Sia Khun Oh (General Secretary of National Democratic Front - NDF) zongh thugen hun kipia hi. Kawlpau in zongh, Zolai leh Zomi tangthu theihhuaite a tomkimcing takin genciannate kinei thei aa thupi mahmah ahi hi. Zolai kum 100 cin pawipi kibawl - Myanmar 2013 October 30- November 3 hun sungin, Tahan Tuiphum Pawlpi, Kalaymyo, Myanmar ah Zomi Christian Literature – ZCLS ii hanciamna tawh Zolai kum 100 cin lungdam kohna bawl ding thu pawi vaihawmte tung pan kiza ahi hi. (Hih pawipi kibawlma, programme kitheihkhitin, hih laibu kibawlkhia ahi hi.) Prof.Rev. S.Pau Khan En in hih pawipi ading thubulphuh “Puahkawm, Zunkawmin 128 Mainawt khawm ni (Jer. 1:10; 29:11)” tawh kizui-in thugenna nei ding hi. Rev.Khoi Lam Thang in “Zolai hong piankhiatna leh a khantohzia”, Rev.Dr. JM.Ngul Khan Pau in “A kikhenthang Zomite’ dinmun leh mailam”, Dr. Hau Za Cin in “Tuhun nate (Science)” leh “Khantohzia leh khangno” cihte hi-in, lutman pen Ks.3,000 nget dingin kivaihawm ahi hi. Mi phazah ding pen 400 ci-in kiciangtan ahi hi. Bishop Felix Lian Khen Thang in zongh thugenpina nei dingin geel uh ahi hi. Nitak biakpiakna, phatna lasakna leh ngeina lam tuamtuamte neih dingin zongh vaihawm uh ahi hi. Hih tawh kizomin, Literature Joint Seminar Pyidawtha Tuiphum Pawlpi ah kibawl ding aa Rev. Khoi Lam Thang in makaih ding cih ahi hi. ZCLS bek thamloin, Zomi Baptist Literature Board, Mizogam leh Chin Baptist Literature Board, Manipur te tawh kigawm ding ahi hi. Zolai nasepnate ah pahtawina piakna zongh om ding aa, Rev. Dr. Kam Khaw Thang in “Zolai Zuapa” cih min tawh pahtawina lianpi ngah ding ahi hi. Zolai nasepziate etphatna 2013 kum ciangin, zattaang ding Zolai neih zawh kum 100 a cing ahi hi. Hih kum zalom khat sungin, Zolai tawh kigelh laibu, Zolai tawh kigelh, thu kizakna cihte leh Zolai khantohna ding nasepna bagnzah om khin ahi hiam? Kum zakhat hun sung adingin, a lungkimhuai takpi mah hiam? 129 Laibu a bawl leh a zuak a haksatna Zomibup in laisim uuk mah leh zongh, laisim mi phazah pen tawm lai mahmah ding cih theih ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, Zomi pen mimal kitawm lai ahihna leh Zolai hong sim pih theih namdang kitamlo ahihman ahi hi. Hihbang aa, atawm kawmkal sung pan, laisim uuk/laisim nuam pen, sehli suah sehkhat (25%) zongh kiphalo kha ding hi.Tua zah sung panin zongh, a simnop uh laite pen kibanglo lai ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, laibu khat hong kibawl ciang, laisim uuk/laisim nuam khempeuh in kilei hetlo kha lai ding hi. Myanmar lam bekah Zolai sim thei Zomi pen, sang khat (one hundred thousand) kipha ding hi. Tua zah sung pan sehli suah sehkhat (25%) pen tul 25 a val ding ahi hi. Ahi zongin, laibu tuamtuamte bek thamlo, 90% sang’ bang a tamzaw Christian ahihna Zomite lakah Laisiangtho nangawn pen (a tamvei zaw) bawlkhatin bu tulsawm kiim ta bek kibawl khia zo mawk ahi hi. Laibu khat bawlkhiat ding pen haksa mahmah hi. Zomi lakah, laibu zuak ding pen tua laibu bawl sangin haksazawlai hi. Innhoihlohoih, mawtaw hoih tawh om khatin zongh, Ks. tul 1/tul 2 man a lei ding uh pen haksa a sa kitam mahmah lai mawk hi. Laibu bawlte in, suplawhin hong bawl liang kei ding vua leh, Zolai-in laibu pen tampi neih ding hong haksa mahmah tawh kibang hi. Zomibup in lei mah leh zongh a meet atam khollo ding kawmkal ah atung aa kigelh bang ahih manin, haksa ahi hi. Tuabang ahih ciangin, laibu pen ahoih (standard/quality) om aa bawlkhiat zawh ding hong haksa semsem pah lai ahi hi. Ahoihloh ciangin, Zomite mah in, lai nasemte tha ngahlohzel thei hi. Zomite in laibu gina neih ding hamsa mahmah ahi hi. Mihing khat bangin ngaihsun hilehang, vitamin nei hetlo Zolai ahi hi. 130 Lai simh ding leh lei’ ding a haksatna Mimal khat leh nih ii hanciamna tawh a kibawl om hi. Beh leh phung ii hanciamna tawh kibawl hong om hi. Biakna pawlpi, kipawlna tuamtuam ii hanciamna tawh kibawl hong om hi. Zolai kipawlna ii hanciamna tawh kibawl om hi. Laibu ahi zong, thu kizakna ahi zong kibawl ciat hi. Hanciam theih bangbangin, hih theih zahzah tawh sepkhiat ding pen hoihmahmah leh thupi mahmah hi. Ahi zongin, laibu kibawlte a tamzaw pen, Zomibup ading tawh kituaklo ci ding I hiam, Zomibup ading aa kisamlo ci ding I hiam, tua dan laibu namte tam pian simsim ahi hi. Gtn. Jubilee laibu, Beh thu, Pawlpi khat ii thu, cbd... Zomibup ahi zong, laisim ding mi atawm mahmah kawmkal ah, tua sung pan, tuate bek ii lunglut ding, tuate ii sim noploh nam cih bangin, kidei suksuk, kikhaih suksuk lai ahih manin, laibu pen khot ding hong haksa semsem ahi hi. Hi laibu pen, tua pawlte zat, hih Laisiangtho pen tua pawlpite zat, hih laibu pen, tua behte gelh cih bangin, khat leh khat kiciapteh sakna khawng hong om thei hi. Tua in, laibu khot ding tampi daaikaai (khaktan) aa, laibu pen suplawhin I bawl kei buang leh a meet cih thadah, a kizanghkhia zah zongh ngahkik ding hamsa thei hi. Tua hi leh, a bu 2 na bawlkik ding pen, hong baihlo toto pah ahi hi. Laisim uuk/laisim nuam ahiphial zongin, atung aa kigen bang aa Zomi sung na-ngawnah lai kigelh thute in dawl tuamtuam hong neih pen, laisimte lam panin lunglut huailo hi. Zolai ahih manin, thapia ni cih bek tawh pen, a tawntungin hong piang thei den samlo ding ahi hi. Abeisa Zolai nasepnate Lai lam nasepna tampitak a om khin zo hi. Om lai leh zongh hoih semsem ding ahi hi. Ahi zongin, Lai lam kipawlna pen tampitak hong omloh ding hoihzaw kha ding 131 hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, lai malgawm nop zia cihte aa kipan a tuamtuam ah hong kitukalh khak ding dahhuai hi. Khat leh nih bek hong om liang ding lah, hoihlo leuleu kha ding hi. Lai lam kipawlnate' ii nasepna tuamtuamte, mimalin ahi zong, media lam pan ahi zong, lai lam nasepna tuamtuamte leh nasepziate tawm etkikna nei-in, mailam ah bangteng behlaphuai aa bangteng hanciamtakin zopsuakhuai, bangteng kikhelhuai cihte en sukni. Lailam kipawlna India lam ah - ZOLLS (Zomi Language and Literature Society), PLS (Paite Literature Society), ZLS (Zou Literature Society), SLS (Simte Literature Society), VLS (Vaiphei Literature Society), GLS (Gangte Literature Society), cbd... Myanmar lam ah - CLC (Christian Literature Centre), ZCLS (ZomiChristian Literature Society), ZOLUS (Zomi Literature Uplift Society), VLM, Ciimnuai khuavak, Dikom, Association, Section, Thangho leh Liando, cbd... tampi kiom khin zo ta hi. Tuabek thamloin, lai nasepna ah, lai lam kipawlnate bek thamloin, Anlak Hun, Bawmta, Khanlawhna Hun, Kong Kawcik, Laitai, Laizom, Lengla, Lungdamna Aw, Lungvak,Nipi Paak, Paknamtui, Pentecostal Tangko, Tahan Awging, Tangko, Tedim Khuavak, Thupha Puak, Tongsan, Upna Laigil, Voice of Zomi, Zangkong Awging, Zo Aw, Zotimes/ZomiTimes, Zokuam Thawn, Zolai Zuunna, Zolengthe, ZOMKA, Zonu' Tongluan, ZYA weekly news, … cihbangdan (cbd…) te leh a dang tampitak (khua kipawlna, biakna kipawlna leh a tuamtuamte) in zongh hanciam tak aa hih theih bang tekin kisem ciat ahi hi. 132 Laidal tawh ahilo, online pan internet tungtawnin, www.zomidaily.com, www.tongsan.org, www.zogam.com, www.zogamonline.com cih teng pen Zolai ngiat tawh citak kuhkal takin a hunsim aa thu zaksakna a nei zo phadiak dente ahi hi. Hibanglo a dang tampitak zongh kiomin, mipi sim, mipi et phadiak leh thuthak lathak a puak zo phadiakte ahih manin hih teng gentehna pia-in hong kigelh ahi hi. Nasepsate etkikna Hihbang danin, kipawlna din zawh ding zongh a baih hilo hi. Hihbang danin, lai nasepna tuamtuam neih zawh ding zongh a baih hi vetlo hi. Nasepsate a tha-ngah huai leh hanciam beh huaite pawlkhat en suk ni. Tha-ngah huai Zomi sungah laisim, lai-uuk pen kitawm mahmah ahih hangin, a uuk sunsunte in citak leh kulkal takin deihsakna tak tawh hong semsem zo uhhi. Lungkiat hun tampi om ding hi. Kua ma cialloh baanah, kua ma kin pihloh cih hun zongh om kha thei lai ding ahi hi. Gam leh Minam ading veina tawh nasepna lianpi khat ahih lam a tel man uhhi kha ding ahi hi. Haksatna tuamtuamte leh kimindaisakna ahi zong, kiawlmawhloh, thudonlohnate leh tha kipiaklohnate, sum leh paai ahi zong, mun khat leh mun khat naseppih ding kizopna haksatna cihbang dan tampi kawmkal pan sawtveipi mah sem zo ahihman un zahtak huai thei mahmah uh ahi hi. Lai nasep pen a haksatlam a sem ngeite mahin tel pen pah kha ding hi. Tua ahih manin, hawmthawhhuaina mun tampi mah na om veve pah kha ding ahi hi. 133 Hanciam beh huai laite Online nasepnate en masa ni. Email group tuamtuam tampitak om hi. Leitungbup aa kilim zat mahmah Facebook sungah zongh group tampitak om hi. Website, blog cihbangdan tampitak om hi. Lungdam huai mahmah hi. Ahi zongin, 2013 kum ciangciangah group khat leh khat, blog/website khat leh khat aa lai khahte pen a tamzaw kibang ahi hi. Copy/ paste vive hi pian mawk ahi hi. Tuabang dan kihi lai ahih manin, group khat la lehang, kicing gai khin pianpian lel aa, a dangte kisapna om lualo tawh hong kibang hi. Website/blog khat sim/en lehang a dangte et kul nawnlo tawh hong kibang pian mawk hi. Hih pen, nasepzia maanlo ahihman ahi hi. 1. Zomi sungah Copy Rights zahtakna omlo hi. (source pen a gelh pawlkhat a om hangin, credit piakna bek hi-in, media nasepzia taktak hinailo ahi hi.) 2. Lai nasem lamte in, ngaihsutna tam helloin zaksak sawn, tangko sawn cih ciang vive ahi hi. (Lai nasemte ngaihsutna leh muhna tawh kopkhawmin gelh hi leh, website/blog khat leh khat ah gelhziate hong kibanglo ding aa, laisimte in, website/blog teng a baanbaanin hong sim kul ding hi. Tua website/blog in bangci gelh aa, a dang khat pen in koici gen hiam cih pen mipite hong lunglutin, laisim nuam zongh hong kibehlap kha thei ding ahi hi.) 3. Behlap leh laih theih ngiatloh thu pawlkhat a om veve mah ahi hi. Ahi zongin, a thu puah theilo cih bek hi aa, lai malgawmzia pen puah theih ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, copy suk mengmeng hilo aa, lai malgawmte zongh sitin I lai malgawmziate a kibat den ding zongh thupi ahi hi. 134 Hibangdan aa guipi (official) paizia tawh kisem zo taktak nailo ahih manin, thu limci tawm ahi hi. Laibu khot ding hamsa Laidal lam tawh nasemte en lehang: 2005 masiah bang, laihawm thu zaksakna nasep pen, dal 1, dal 2 cih ciang tawh a kizom limliam Ihi hi. 2013 kum ciangin, news jgournal 2 Zolai in hong om thei aa lungdam leh angtang huai mahmah ahi hi. Magazines te zongh tampipi kumsimin hong om to zeuhzeuh ta hi. Tampipi cih pen, nidanglai tawh tehna hi aa, tam taktak nai tuanlo hi. Tua laibu tuamtuam a kibawlte pen, biakna pawlpi pan, kipawlna tuamtuam pan leh mimal hanciamna tawmtawm ahi hi. A tamzaw pen pawlpi, kipawlna tuamtuam ahihmah bangin, a thute zongh pen pawlpi thu leh kipawlna thu tampen den pah ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, tua bang laibute pen, tua a hawm kipawlna (akl) pawlpite tawh a kizom (a kisai) te lobuang, a tamzawte in lunglut pih huailo tawh hong kibang ahi hi. Tua in, laibu khot zah ding pan toisak tuam aa a mi kikhiam suk pah ahi hi. Tua panin laibu nasepna ah meet ding haksa semsem hipah aa, a bukik bawl ding pen hong haksa to semsem pah ahi hi. Tuabang danin, kipawlna thute leh biakna pawlpi thute gelh ding zongh hoihmah hi. 2013 kum ciangciang, Zolai tawh kigelh laibu teng, hici bangin ngaihsun pak lehang, Pasian thu kigelh laibu mah tampen kha ding hi. Upna upzia kibanglo lak ahih manin, tua Pasian thubu khempeuh zongh Pasian thu-um khempeuh in lei tuanlo kha lai ding ahi hi. Pasian thu sung na-ngawn ah zongh, toisak suk lai tawh hong kibang ahi hi. Laibute pen a tamzaw laimai 200 phak zawh ding haksa mahmah lai ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, 135 bawl khatin bu tul bawlkhiat ding zongh hamsa mahmahin kigen tek lai ahi hi. 2005 masiah bangah pen, lai bawlte in sum leh paai haksatna mah hangin, stencil tawh lakhia-in, gestetner tawh pei khia cih zongh tampi kiom ahi hi. Computer mah tawh khen aa Offset tawh bawlkhiat zawh pen sawt nailo ahi hi. Zangkong Awging pen a masapen hikha ding ahi hi. Lai nasep a haksatna Lainasemte pen khasumsang kitam hetlo ding ahi hi. Hunbitin kipiakkhiat zawh ding pen a baih vetlo nasepna lianpi khat ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, khasum piak aa a cial ding mi omlo cih ahi hi. A mau leh a mau lah kivakna ding leh nasep nopte kikhop zo taktaklo cihbangdan ahi hi. ZangKong Awging nasepna ah, Full Gospel Assemble - FGA in khasum pia-in hunbit nasem mi li pha cihloh, lai nasepna tuamtuamte ah hun awngkal, khasum piakloh, man hun sung leh a kisapna zui cihbangdan vive ahi hi. Laibu khat leh khat ah lai malgawmte kibat kim zawh ding pen haksa mahmah hi. Tuabek thamloin, laibu khat sung mahmah ah zongh, a malgawmzia kibanglo khawng zongh om thei lai ahi hi. Zolai hong deep nuam Zopau tangin Kawlpau hong zanghsak nuam, Zomite hong valtum nuam ngei, Myanmar kumpite hangin zongh tampitak haksatna om thei ahi hi. Lai nasepna hangin, thongkiat lawh zongh kiom hi. Lai nasepnate ah ahang tuamtuam tawh khaktanna ngah zongh kiom hi. 2013 kum ciangciangah, laihawm khat, laibu bawlkhat pen phalna ngahna dingin, "pawlpi sungah ciangtan sa-in kizuak hi." cih kigelh hamtang hi. Hih zongh Myanmar lamte ii phulkhak haksatna khat ahi hi. Official in 136 bawlkhiat laibu taktak pen tam nai hetlo hi. ISBM code nei zongh tam nai hetlo hi. Zomite in Zolai tawh Master, Doctor dongin lai kisin theita hileh, laibusaal ah koih ding laibu gina laibu thupi bangzah a om khin diam? Tua ahih manin, leitung thute zongh tampipi gelh ding kisam ahi hi. Lai a kilunglutna ding Laibu khat pen, mi khempeuh in thukimpih aa deih gai ding cih ahi theilo thu khat ahi hi. A deih om ding aa, a deihlo om ding ahi hi. Tua pen leitung ngeina ahi hi. Mikim ii lunglut ding lai gelh zawh ding pen, haksa ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, naupangnote lunglut ding, nungak tangvalte lunglut ding, leitung khantohna lam a lunglutte sim ding, tangthu leh ciaptehhuai thupiangte sim theih ding, a zaknop huai tangthu tuamtuamte aa kipan, lim kisuai cartoon dongin naupangnote lunglut ding tampipi bawlkhiat zawh ding kisam mahmah ahi hi. Tuabaan ah, lai ii thupitna, Zolai ii manphatna cihte genna khawmpi bawlzel zawh ding, biakinn khat khit khat, khua khat khit khua khat ah gen kawikawi zawh ding zongh thupi mahmah ahi hi. 137 Laibu zuakna Zomi sung laibu zuak pen, ankam zasan zuak sangin haksa kisazawlai mawk hi. Mipi in laisim hong uuk limlim ding zongh thupi hi. Tuamah bangin, laibu bawl, laigelhte in zongh, a sim huai, a lei taakin hong bawl pah ding uh zongh kisam ahi hi. 2013 kum ciangciang pen, maitang zahtakna in a lei kiom lai hi. Gam leh Minam ading nasepna dan khatin ki-ngaihsun aa a lei kiom lai hi. A ma sim ding leh a ma theih lawh ding ngaihsutna tawh a lei pen kitam tuak nai hetlo ahi hi. Pawi om laitakin zuak, inn vak aa zuak, kikhopna ah zuak cih danlo, vanzuak bangin sai (shop/stationary) ah tutpih aa zuak pen Zomi sungah khot ding a haksa mahmah khat hilai mawk hi. Internet tungtawnin, Zomite khat in, laibu, la khui, limtang khui cihbangdan a tuamtuamte zuakna hong nei thei aa zopsuak zawh ding pen haksa mahmah kha ding ahi hi. Leitungbup ii zat online vanzuakna website pite tungtawnin zongh, Zolai tawh kigelh laibu, namdang lai tawh kigelh Zomi thubu tampite kizuak ahi hi. 138 Leitung khantohna tawh kizui-in, laidal tawh na kisemsem nawnlo aa electronic vive hita ahi hi. Thu kizaknate ah, laidal tawh nasepna tawm semsem aa electronic tawh nasepna tam semsem ahi hi. Gtn. ebook, e-dictionary, e-newspaper, e-magazine, cbd... Mikang pilna nei tampite in a upmawh uh a genna vuah “2050 ciangin, laidal tawh nasepna pen a bei hiphial ta ding hi” ci-in, gelhkholhna nei uhhi. Tua hileh laibu kibawlbawlte in man a nei lai ding hiam? 2013 kum ciangciangah, Leitung sang minthangte in lai nasepna tuamtuamte pen, internet tungtawn pan (electronic devices) sangin, laibu ngiat pan etkaak aa laigelh ding, laibawl ding deihzawlai veve uh ahi hi. Mailam hun ciang bel bang hong ci ding cih thei lianlo phawt Ihi hi. Bangbang ahi zongin, hihbang aa electornic system tawh lai nasep neih ding hoih asa gam khangto minam liante in, laibu in, bu tul then tampi nei khin limlim uh ahih manin, kicing khin cihna ahih pah samloh hang, lungmuanhuai mahmah khinta uh ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomite in laidal mah tawh tampipi I bawl ngekngek zawh ding zongh kisam lai veve ahi hi. 139 Pau leh Lai manthat theihna thu pawlkhat Pau leh hamte a zangh atam leh atawm 1924 kum aa USA pan a kiphuankhia kipawlna, Linguistic Society of America - LSA ii ciaptehna tungtawnin, 1996 kum aa leitungah, pau nam 6,703 om hi. Hih pau phazah lak pan, nam 1000 bang pen Americas leitang tungah om hi. Africa leitang tungah paunam 2011 om hi. Europe leitang tungah paunam 225 om hi. Asia leitang tungah paunam 2165 omin, Pacific (Australia akihel) ah paunam 1329 om ahi hi. Hih thu (ciaptehna) tungah, pau pen nam 5000 val hi aci kiomin, pawlkhat in, aneng atawng aa kisim gai zolo ahih manin, tua zah sang' zongh tamzaw kha thei lai ding hi ci-in, kipawlna tuamtuam panin zongh gen tek uhhi. Kum zalom (century) kik ciangin tua a omsa pau teng pan 90% bang mangcip thei dingin hih kipawlna, LSA te in ummawh uhhi. English, Spanish, Portuguese, Mandarin Chinese, Russian, Indonesian, Arabic, Swahili leh Hindi cihte pawl bek mah manglo ding hi ci-in gen ngam uhhi. Adang teng pen mang thei, manglo thei cihleh a mang baih, a mang hak cih bek hi ding hi ci uhhi. Atung aa te tungtawnin ngaihsutna: Zomite gam omna Asia leitang tungah, leitang dangte aa pau nam om zah sangin, tamzaw cih kimu thei hi. A zomah, pau manglo ding aa, a gen ngam uh minamte pen, leitungah mimal phazah mahmah a tampen teng hong hipah uhhi. Tua ahih manin, mimal mahmah a tamna hang aa phattuamna tampitak a piangte sungah, pau leh hamte kipsak tuam cih phattuamna zongh kihel ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, mimal tam leh tua pau leh hamte a zangh tam pah ahi hi. A zangh kitam leh, thu kizaakna cite leh a tuamtuamte ah, tua 140 pau leh ham pen zat taak ahi hi. Gtn. La, Limtang, Journal, Laibu, cbd... Laibute, Late, Limtangte (Movies), Journal te a sim ding, a ngai ding, a lei ding om kei leh kibawllo ding hi. A om nangawn, a sim ding a lei ding atam tuan kei aa leh, tampipi bawl zawh ding, bawlzelzel zawh ding cih pen haksa-in, tua in, pau leh ham kepcing ding haksatna nam khat hi pah hi. Namdangte lak aa om pau leh ham Pau a kizangh nawnlote pen a si ci-in kigen hi. Hih munah a kizangh nawnlo cih pen nam 2 in kikhen hi. A masapen, namdang paute in hucip (deepcip) in, tua minamte in namdang pau bek mah zangh suak uh aa, a mau pau pen khangkikte hun ciang a si cih ahi hi. A nam dang khat leuleu ciang pen, nidang lai aa pau (khanglui pau) cih a tuamin om aa, tuate zangh nawnloin, namdang pau zangh hi tuanlo, tuhun pau (khangthak pau) cih a zangh om ahi hi. Greek pau pen, khanglui pau leh khangthak pau (Ancient Greek to Modern Greek) in kizangh aa, Christian Laisiangtho sang kah, Greek lai sinte in, a khanglui lai/pau uh a sin hi phadiak ahi hi. Latin pau pen, khangthak Italian, Spanish, French, Romanian leh pau dang pawlkhat kihelh/kigawmin deep ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, English pau na-ngawnah, Chaucer (English lai ii pa/Father of English litereture) kici laigelh leh lapau (poem) gelh siam pa ii hun aa, a kizangh khanglui English pau kizangh nawnloin, khangthak English a kizangh ahi hi. Kumza lom 19 (19th century) hun lai-in, gal kidona leh, khat leh khat ki-uk kawikawina cih dan pen Europe sungah tampi om hi. Tua ahih manin, a lianzaw, a thahat zawzaw ii pau pen hong khangin, tua hun pan, pau nam tampi mang 141 hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Hihbang dan pen, Greenland acih (Denmark te' thu neihna) gam ah tudongin kilangh, kimu thei lai hi. 1960s hun sungin, Turkey gamah zongh, mimal tawm ii zat paute, a bei siang na dingin, thukhun tuamtuam khauh takin om ngei ahi hi. Gtn. Sangah tua pau bek zangh ding, tua pau tua laite tawh media na tuamtuamte sem theilo ding, cbd... Alaska ah Yupik Eskimo Communities cih tawh Yupik Eskimo minamte kipawlna omin, tuhun ciang tua communities sungah zongh English pau mah limzat kulzaw dinmun ah om uhhi. Scots Gaelic kicite zongh Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia ah om uhin 1940s pawl ciang, hih a pau uh a zangh kiom nawnlo hi. Hihbangdan pen, leitung mun tuamtuamah, a hunhunin tampitak a om denden ahi hi. Papua New Guinea kicite pen Australia lam ah om uhin, paunam 900 kiim pha uhhi. Tulai hih khang sung mahmahah, a mau teng uh pan puanam 90% bang mang/si dingin kiummawh hi. Tuamah bangin, Asia, America, Europe leh Africa ah zongh hih khang sung mahmahin a mangthang ding aa upmawhhuai tampi om hi ci-in pau leh lai lam siam mipil kipawlna tuamtuamte in, genkhia uhhi. North America ah, paunam zatampi om ngei-in, tuhun ciang paunam om a kiciamteh pen 194 lian om lai hi. Tualak na-ngawn panin, paunam 33 te pen khangno leh naupangte in zongh zangh lai-in, paunam 34 te pen naupangte in zangh nawn phalo aa, khangno lamteciang bekin zangh lai uhhi. Paunam 73 te pen khangham pian sa kum 50 kiim pan a tungsiah bekin zangh lai uh ci hi. Paunam 49 te pen, mi tawmno bekin zangh lai-in, tuate zongh kum 70 valte hita aa, a khangthakte un zatpih 142 nawnlo uh ci hi. A dang 5 teng bel, tulai khangsung mahmahin a beibei ta aa ki-ngaihsun hi. Hih atung aa teng pan, a masa aa paunam 33 te tawm, lungnophuai zawdeuh hi. A naupangte un zangh lai ahihman ahi hi. Ahi zongin, adang tengin zongh English hong zangh leh, English pau in a deepsa kawmkalah a deep ding akiim apaam ah kibehlap behbeh suak ahih manin, lungnophuai khin taktak tuanlo lai cih theih ahi hi. Mi’ gam aa om, nam dangte ii kizopna/thu kizakna/kikawmna/kilawmtaakna cih dan Community te in, ngeina, pau leh lai cihte, hong khahsuah aa leh, tuate omnana gam aa pau leh ham, ngeina leh laite in tua minamte luah mang pah lianlian hi cih pau lam ham lam nasem (researchers) te in mu khia uhhi. Hih community in, kizop, kikhual, kidonna cihte leh gualnopna tuamtuamah hong thanem ciangin, hibang dante hong piang thei hi phadiak ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh kizoptaaklo, gualnopna leh kidon kikhualna om kei leh mipi a tamzaw kihel nuamloin, kua mah hong kihelloh ciang, pau leh ham, ngeina leh lai cihte zatna ding mun omlo aa kepcing ding haksa semsem cih ahi hi. Atung aa te tungtawnin ngaihsutna: Pau leh ham pen, a hun, a thu zui-in kikhelkhel cih kimu thei hi. (Khanglui pau pan khangthak pau kizangh) Tuamah bangin, a mun, a mual, a gam zui-in zongh pau leh hamte kikhel toto cih kimu thei lai hi. Tuabaanah, kiim leh paam pan, toptawm kammal, zatpih (kawm) kammal tampi kibehlapin kihelh/kigawm thei lai cih zongh kimu thei beh hi. Hihteng tungtawn panin, kammal tampi kikhel bek thamloin, pau 143 zia, awsuah/awkaih cihte zongh a hun a mun zui-in kikhelzelzel ding hi cih zongh kimu hi. Tuabang ahih ciangin, pauzia awsuah cihte hong kikhel aa leh tuate zui-in, lai malgawm zia zongh hong kikhel kha thei ding hi cih ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, lai malgawm pen nam khat bek hiden ding cih bang om theilo kha ding hi. Lai malgawm zongh, pau leh ham mah bangin, a hun a mun zui-in hong kikhelkhel kha thei ding nam khat ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, lai gelhzia pen pau leh ham tungtawn pan kibawlkhia, ki-ngaihsun ahih man ahi hi. Lai malgawm (spelling) sangin, lai luanzia/lai gelhzia (grammar) pen thupizaw ahi hi. Gtn. British English ah colour, centre, cbd… te pen, American English ah color, center ci uhhi. Adang tampi tak omlai-in, tuabaanah, temta (knife) cih dan, “Knight, Know, cbd…” te pen “k” aw, suak hetloin, puah tuan selo leh lai malgawmzia pen buai pih lualo uhhi. Ahi zongin, lai luanzia/lai gualhzia (grammar) pen, kibang gai hi. Englsih pen, tuhun ciangin, awsuah tuamtuam om hi. Gtn. Singlish kici Singpore English, Indian English awsuah/awkaih a tuam, Pidgin English, cbd... Gam tampitak ah, palik pen English pau zui-in, Police ci uh aa, a mau awsuah bangbangin gelh uhhi. Gtn. Malaysia ah police pen polis ci-in gelh uhhi. Tuabek thamloin, nam lian, mimal tam, pau a kilimzat, zatloh a phamawh pau dangte kawmkalah a om kha minam tawm/neute pen, a pau a ham uh kep ding haksa phadiak cih kimu thei hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, tua pianpih pau sangin, a kisamzaw leh a tangzaizaw, zatloh a phamawhzaw paudang om ahihman ahi hi. Minam pau sangin, namdang pau pen, hong thupizaw cih hong suak hi. Tuabang dan 144 munte ah, I pau I hamte hong deep baih mahmah ahi hi. Tuabang hong hih ciangin, pau leh laite zongh a manphatna/a kisapna hong kiam dingin, kepcing ding hong haksa semsem ding ahi hi. Pau leh ham, lai cihte a zangh hong tawm semsem hileh, hih pen, khangkik/khangthakte hun ciangin, tua pau leh ham, lai cihte a zangh ding mi, a beibei hong suak ding aa dahhuai mahmah ahi hi. Minam mangthang leh khanggui bei Minambupin, nam dangte lakah omin (ahih kei leh =akl) tua minamte ii gam pen kiiim leh paamte in hucip/deepcip aa pau leh ham ah a deepcipte aa zatpih cihbangdan piang ahih aa leh, tuate pen, ci mang, minam mangthang cih ding ahi hi. Tua minam te’ ii ngeina a bei, pau leh ham a si, minam mangthang kici ding ahi hi. Tuabangdan hiloin, a minam pihte in, a gam vuah ngeina leh lai, pau leh hamte zangh lai-in, kemcing zo lai aa, namdang/gamdang lakah bawngkhat/ pawlkhat a va mang ahih aa leh, tuate pen, minam mang kiciloin, khanggui mang, tua bawng ii khanggui bei kici ding ahi hi. Singta gamah om Zomite in, Zomite kizop dimdiamna I thupitsak mahmah ding kisam hi. Zomi nu leh pate kimuzelzelin, Zopau mah tawh kiho tangtang aa, I ta I naute in, tua I pau leh I hamte zaza-in, hong zat suak theih ding uh thupi hi. Zopau, Zolai hilhnate bek thamloin, a mau lunglut ding uh, a sim nop huai tuamtuam laibu nonote, a et nop huai limtang (video) tuamtuamte, asak nop/a ngaih nop huai a zaak noop lahoih nonote zongh tampitak kisam mahmah ahi hi. 145 Thu leh la tuamtuam Zolai tawh a kim zawh kei aa leh, namdang lai mah tawh I sim, I sin kul ding aa Zolai manphatna/thupitna/kisapna cihte hong kiam ding hi. Minam khat kepcing nadingin, pau leh ham kiptakin a om kul hi. Minam khat hihang ci aa namdang pau tawh kihona in, kiit ki-ngaihnate hong pengsak thei hi. Tua pau leh hamte kepcing zawh nadingin, lai leh media tuamtuamte hong thupi mahmah ahi hi. Tuate a sem ding leh khangthakte tung, a khaksawn ding pen, kipawlna tuamtuamin zongh mawkpuak nei ahi hi. Minam makaite in zongh mawhpuak nei uhhi. Tua ahih manin, vaipuak laakna pen, Zolai Zopau kepcingna cih ciang bek hiloin, Pasian piansak minam khat kepcingna zongh ahi hi. Pasian bawlsa minam kepcingna hi aa, Pasian hong piaksa pau leh ham, ngeina leh laite puahna zunna-in, a bawl, a piangsak, hong pia Pasian ii nate a kem, a ma nasepna nam khat ahi hi. Bang thute hangin pau leh lai mangthang thei? Leitung aa om pau nam tul 6 val lakah, nam 250 pen, awn tampi (multi millions) aa sim mimal te' ii zat hi-in, a dang a tamzawte pen, mimal awn khat zongh a pha zolote ii zat pau leh laite ahi hi. Mimal tam leh tawm tungah pau leh lai kepcing dan kibang theilo hi. Ahi zongin, mimal tam leh tawm hangin, pau leh lai mangthang pah hilozaw aa, khangthak/khangkikte ii zat nop leh zat noploh tungah tampi ki-ngazaw ahi hi. 146 Tua ahihleh, khangthakte in, banghangin zang nuamlo uh? Britain’s Foundation for Endangered Languages pan a kigen na ah; 1. A minam pihte thupi simlo, 2. A ngeinate uh en neu, 3. Minam kibang tuaktuak kizopna tawm (Media, laihawm, kimuh, kikholhna, la, videos, cbd...), 4. Nu leh Pa ginaatloh man, 5. Lai gelhzia (grammar, educated literature neih zawhloh man), 6. A sim nop huai, laibu a tamloh man, 7. A ngaihnop huai la, a et nop huai limtang (melmuh tongsan) a tamloh man cihbangdan (cbd...) te leh 8. Tangthu ciaptehna (record) kician a neihloh man hi cihte phadiak ahi hi. Adang ahang tampi om lai ding ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, sang pawlkhatte ah, English pau zatloh phamawhin, a minam pau kizangh theilo cih dan gam/sang tampi om ahi hi. (A mau pau kizangh theilo). Khantohna ding leh minam pau mang na lawmlawm ding ahih kei naak aa leh bel, hih pen a hi thei lua leh, a kul na khat zongh hong hi kawikawizel hi. Tuamah bangin, a hunzui leh a munzui aa English pau zatloh a phamawh na mun tampi hong om hi. (Amau minam pau kizangh theilo/English pau zatloh phamawh) 147 Pau siamloh, lai siamlohna in, a minam it zah dingin itsak zolo thei hi. Naupang a tamzaw kum 17 a phaak hunin, a ma siam' penpen pau pen, a khan sungin, mangngilh nawnlo uhhi ciin a mau ii research tungtawn pan pulaak uhhi. Akiim apaam vuah, nam lianzaw, a pau uh zatpihloh a phamawh cih dan a tamna minam kawmkal aa omte pen a pau leh a lai uh mang baihzaw ahi hi. (Tua ahih manin, Zomi khat Zogam aa a om sangin, Kawl lak aa om khatin Zopau theilozaw thei hi. Mikang gam aa khangkhia khatin Zogam aa khangkhia khat zah aa Zopau, Zolai a theih zawh ding pen percent (%) tawm mahmah ahi hi. Zopau hong thei kei leh, Zolai pen, hong siamlozaw kaankaan lai ding cih hong hi pah hi. A B C tawh kigelh Zolai asim theih hangin, Zopau a siam kei leh, a khiatna thei tuanlo ding hiveve hi.) America lam ah, kithei hanhan takin, English pau vive a kizat semsemna pen, a deep zo ding, zat pihloh a phamawh, English pau zanghte om ahih man ahi hi. America leitang tung aa gam tampite, a mau minam pau sangin, English pau in a mau phual mahmahah kimangzaw leh zatcingzaw ahihmahin theihloh hong phamawh hi. Myanmar ah zongh Kawlpau theihloh phamawh dingin, a hanciam mahmah uh, a tangtung semsemta cih theih ahi hi. Ahi zongin, America ah English pau theihloh phamawh ding, a thupitzahin Myanmar ah Kawlpau pen mualtung mun tampi ah thupizo nailo hi. Tua ahih manin, America ah pau leh lai mangthangte a manlang zahin, Myanmar ah manlanglo cih theih ahi hi. 148 Burmese (Kawl) te a dah mahmah khat uh pen, leitung aa mimal tam mahmahna gam nih (India leh China) kikal ah om I hih manin, I pau I lai pen lauhuai hi ci uhhi. Tuabek thamloin, mualtungmi a kici phadiakte pen, gamgi tek ah omlai ahih manin, Kawlpau sangin, gamveng te’ pau pen a kilim zat zawk khak ding zongh a dah mahmah uh ahi hi. Kawlgam gamgi mun tampite ah, Senlai kisuanna tampi om aa, Kawlpau sang’ a kimanzawkna mun khawng omin kigen hi. Gamgi ah, Myanmar sum (Kyats) lo a dang zongh kizangh thei cihte khawng, Myanmar kumpi (Kawl te) a dah mahmah uh ahi hi. America ah English pau in, nam khat khit khat a deep tohtoh danin, Myanmar sung aa namdang citawmte zongh Burmese (Kawl) pau in hong deep toto kha dingin a ngaihsun tampi kiom hi. (Muhkholhsa a ciphial zongh kitam mahmah hi.) Pau leh lai ah Zomite (Zattangpau) Myanmar gam lam aa om Zomite pen, Chin state sung pan, ei lai ei pau tek tawh kiptakin kiom ciat cih theih ahi hi. Kua ma aa, a kizuihsak nuamzawsang’ kiom tuak hetlo hi. Tua ahih manin, a kideepzaw sang’ ding zongh kiom tuaklo phawt ahi hi. India gam lam aa om Mizo gam sung, Manipur gam sungte ah zongh, pau leh ham kihelh lai-in, kua in kua deep aa, kuate kuan deep ding hiam cih upmawh thu a gengen zongh kiom kawikawi hi. Etpakin, 2013 kum ciangciangah pen, Mizo lai mah tawh, laibu tam pen kha ding aa, a simnophuai, a theihnophuai thu tam kigelhpen kha ding ahi hi. 149 Pau leh lai pen, a baih theithei, a ol theithei, a kicimtaklo ding, theih ding a haksalo, a mai-ngap huai theithei hi leh, sin ding haksa kisaloin, hong kitheipih baih tuam kha ding ahi hi. Lam khat pan, lai gina (standard) nei zawzaw, kammal kicing zawzaw leh media hat zawzawte ii lai leh pau pen zai semsem ding cih zongh ahi hi. Chin state sung aa te ahi zong, Mizo leh Manipur gam sung aa te tawh ahi zong, khangkik ciang kiteng ngei ngai aa, kihelh kigawm kimin, pau tuampi khat hong piang ding ahih kei buang aa leh, zattangpau pen khentat ding hong haksa mahmah kha ding hi. Tua na-ngawn, pau kihelhlo aa, nupa kal a zo zawzawte’ pau khawng tate in hong zui kha thei lai ding hi. Mizo sungah zattangpau ding kipkhinin, Chin state ah kip nailo hi. (Kumpi tung phuzo aa, a mau pau leh lai pen zattangpau leh lai ci-in ciaptehna a ngah khawng hong om kha phial zongin, tangpi tangta lak taktakah, zattangpau leh lai suakzo pah ziau tuanlo kha ding hi.) Atung aa gen bangin, kigawm aa pau nam khat hong pian theihna dingin zongh, kizopna tuamtuamte a hoih masak ding kisam to lai phawt ahi hi. Tua loin, pau leh laite kihelh thei hetlo ding hi. Hih dan na-ngawn pen, nupa sungah, zi leh pasal kikal a zo zawzawte ii pau khawng kizanghin, pau kihelhlo zawsop thei lai veve ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, pau kihelh ngeingai sa-in om ding haksa hi. Ei lai, ei pau tek tawh omlo aa kihelh kigawm sa-in om khop aa leh, a sawtsawtciangin pau mang pawlkhat mah hong om kul veve ding ahi hi. Media tuamtuam leh lailam a hatlo zawzawte ii pau leh hamte mahin deepcip thuakin hong mangthang masazaw kha ding ahi hi. Tua loin 150 zattangpau pen, India, Nigeria, Singpore, cbd... te ii zattang bang aa, namdang pau (English) khat tawmin a kizuizaw sang’ omlo cih ahih leh thukhat ahi hi. Tulaitakin, zattangpau hih hi cih Chin state ah a om lianloh hangin, Burmese (Kawl) pau pen zattangpau bangin kizangh ahi hi. Hih bang dan ciang pen, I pianpih pau (akl_ahihkeileh) minam pau sangin tua zattangpau hong zaizawin theihloh hong phamawh pah ding ahi hi. Tua panin, pupate in a zat uh, minam pau sangin tua namdang pau (zattangpau) pen man neizawtawh hong kibang ding aa, pianpih pau pen kepcing dan ding hong haksa semsem thei ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, kamphen kulloh, zattangpau a neikhawmsa tengin, a tuam vilvelin kilamna, kipumkhatna, dinkhop theihna cihte kisam mahmah aa kamphenkulloh pau kithei khawm teng kigawm khawm aa namdang pau zat kullohin om zawh ding thupi-in a kul mahmah nalianpi khat ahi hi. Tua bangin, kamphen kulloh teng bit takin a om zawh kei aa leh, namdang pan zattangpau a kizangh penpenin, minam pau pen hong valhtum thei ding ahi hi. Pau a bei aa leh lai zongh bei ding theihsa ahi hi. Pau leh Lai a bei aa leh minam cih pen beikuanlam a manawh hita ahi hi. 151 Zomite Zolai in hu-in a kepna India om Zomite, Myanmar aa om Zomite hita leh, Hindi lai leh Burmese (Kawl) lai tawh Zolai pen kinaih vetlo, kibang vetlo hi. Hih nih pen, I kiim I paam pan hong deep thei baih penpen ding nihte ahi hi. Lai leh paute, tampitak a kimelh, a kihelh kha thei ding lauhuainate pan, Zolai hang aa kinailo tuamin, siangtho takin kiom thei ahi hi. Myanmar sungah, Mon minamte’ lai panin, Burmese (Kawl) lai a piang hi ci-in a ciamteh om hi. Ahi zongin, Burmese (Kawl) te mimal tamzaw uh ahih manin, tua Mon minamte lehdeepkik uhhi. Mon lai leh Burmese lai pen kinai mahmah aa Mon te adingin, Burmese lai sin vet leh kilamdang nawn kei aci mi tampi om hi. Mon minamte in, dal zawh zahin dal uh aa hanciam mahmah uhhi. Mailam ah bangci ding cih bel, genkholh ding ahamsa thukhat ahi hi. Tua bangin, a lai uh kinai na pan, a mau lai hong siam hong sin nawn kei uh leh, Burmese pau awsuah zui-in kigelh lai vive hong thei, hong sin uhhi leh, a pau a ham mahmah pen Burmese pau mah in, deep behbeh ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zolai pen hoih takin phungvuh aa kipsak semsem ding, khosak tektek ding kisam mahmah, thupi mahmah ahi hi. Zolai pen, Zomite adingin, minambup kidalna lumhoih nam khat ahi hi. Kiim leh paam pan hong dal adang tampi omlai in, khat gen lai lehang: tua pen, Christian a tamzaw I hihna ahi hi. Buddish kitam hileh, Kawl ngeina ci ding I hiam, tampi in hong vuk ding ahi hi. Zia leh tong, omdan khawldan leh kampau luhekziate tampi, Kawlzia bangin, Kawltat kha ding hihang. Tu in, Pasian hehpihna tawh siangtho takin kiom aa, hong kimelh, hong kilaklawhsak ding, ngalulok bang aa, ngasa pumlang, uiphuk pumlang bangin I om nading pan Zolai leh Biakna cihte in, hong dal, hong hung cih theih ahi hi. 152 English lai khanggui (Timeline version) Hun lui BC 600 hun lai pawlin, English te in, a lai uhhita leh, a kammal uhhita leh Celts a kici khat (Celtic language) limh zat pih mahmah uhhi. (Hih pen, a laimal a tuampi khat ahi hi.) Gtn. little dog BC 55 hun pawl ciangin, nidang lai Romans (Rome) kicite in Latin pau, Latin lai vive zangh uhin, English (British) te omna England ah a va pai na uh panin, English te in, Roman Alphabet kici, A B C te hong zangh uhhi aa a kammalte tampi tak zongh hong zat pih uhhi. Gtn. camp, chester Anglo-Saxon pau kici Anglo-Saxon mite in a zat na uh panin, English pau hong zangh uhin, English lai zongh hong zangh uh aa Scots, British Isles, Welsh cihte tawh a pau uh hong kihelh ngeingai-in, a vekin English pauin kiciamteh suak hi. Pau zia awsuah awkaih kibanglo, kammal tampi kibanglo khempeuh pen English Language ci-in, a vek aa huam in kiciamteh hi. Tua hangin, khiatna kibang, kammal kibanglo, kammal kibang, khitna kibanglo cihbangdan pen tampi hong omto hi. Vikings kici te in AD 800 pawl lam ciangin, tua English pau leh laite mah hong zatpih uhhi. Amaute pen Denmark leh Norway pan hi phadiak uhhi. Tuate tawh zongh a pau uh kihelhin, a vekin English pau mah kici suak hi. Gtn. you, husband, law, anger AD 1066 ciang, France gam panin, pau tampi hong kigawmkik aa tua teng zongh English pau dan mahin, kithei suaksuak hi. Gtn. catch, wage, reward, for instance 153 Hih pau kigawm aa kizanghte pen tuhun ciang, Middle English ahih kei leh Old English ci-in kiciamteh hi. Hih awsuah/awkaih zui-in, tua hun aa kizangh lai malgawm ziate tawh kigelh laibu tampitak tudongin om lai hi. Gtn. The Canterbury Tales (Geoffrey Chaucer ii gelh) Chaucer pen tudongin, Father of English Literature ci-in, a mipihte in pahtawi-in phawk den uhhi. Aman pen, English kammal a kim theithei dingin behlaplapin, kiim leh paam aa te zongh zatsakin, mipi tungah theisak hi. Hih dan tawh, English te pen, hauhna tampi a neihna uh pan, kammal hau cih zongh hong suak uhhi. Kum zalom 9 (9th century) panin, laidal mahmah tawh laibu bawl kibawl thei hi mah ta leh, kua man kinloin, kinelh siah toto aa Thomas Caxton in 1476 kum ciang, hoih takin, mite in lai a uuk nading un hong satsuah pha mahmah ahi hi. Hun thak 1525 kum ciangin, William Tyndale in English lai-in, Christian Laisiangtho bu, Laisiangtho thak teng hong letkhia hi. Hih pen, nasepna lianpi leh English pau leh lai adingin, kal lianpi suanna khat hong suak hi. 1600 kiim pawl ciang, England gam pen dai-in gal leh sa omlo aa, hih kum zalom 16 (16th century) sung pen, mite in, lailam hong uuk uhin, laisim nuam, a lai uh hong puah nuam uhhi. Hihhun sungin, kammal thak tampitak Greek pan leh Latin pan kawm (la/zatpih) uh in, a mau pau English mah cici uhhi. Kum 1564-1616 kikal hun sungin, a masa lam aa Old English (Middle English) cihte pen, William Shakespeare in 154 hong puahto hi. Tuapen, Khangthak English (Modern English) ci uhhi. William Shakespeare pen tudongin, Father of Modern English ci-in, a mipihte in pahtawi-in phawk den uhhi. Aman pen, English kammal akim theithei dingin behlaplap aa, kiim leh paam aa te zongh zatsakin, a mah leh a mah in zongh kammal tampi phuaktawm hi. Hih dan tawh, English te pen, hauhna tampi a neihna uh pan, kammal hau cih zongh hong suak thei uhhi. Bangdanin, hihhiam cihleh, laibu tampi bawl, limlak (theatre) tampi gelhin lak pahpah, lapau (poem) tampi mah gelh, a zaaknop huai tangthu tuamtuam leh thupiang tuamtuamte gelhin, a sawtsawtciang, a ma zat kammalte, mipi in a simsimna pan un zatpih suak cih ding ahi hi. Hih bangin, siamna tuamtuam tawh hong gelhna panin zongh Father of Arts cih zah dongin, minphatna kipia hi. 1840 kumin, Edinburgh University pilsinna sanginnpi ah, Thomas Carlyle in, Shake Speare pen thupisa mahmah ahih manin, "India gam leh a hauhna khempeuh pen Shakespear tawh koi teelzaw ding nahiam?" cih zah dong in, na gen liang hi. Hih atung aa teng tungtawnin ngaihsutna: A lai masa uh pen Celts pan hi-in, ABC zongh hilo lai hi. Ahi zongin, tudongin, minampi, minamlianin om veve uh aa, a lai uh tawh angtang mahmah zo uhhi. Roman Alphabet a zatna uh pan Celts zanghkik se loin, amau lailo, namdang lai Roman Alphabet pen puahtotozawlai uhhi cih kimu thei hi. Ahi zongin, hihmun ah, ABC zangh cih hangin, a ngah khiatna uh Latin awsuah dan bangmahin, gelhlo uh aa, a 155 mau awsuah bang danin, malgawm aa gelh uhhi. Sen I cih Chinese te na ngawn in, Chinlish ci-in, ABC tawh, a pau awsuah zui in a gelhgelh tampi hong om hi. ABC zatpih in, lai malgawmzia zatpihlo uhhi. Burgilish ci-in Kawl I cih Burmese (Burma) te in zongh a pau awsuah zui-in, ABC mah tawh a gelhgelh zongh kiom hi. ABC, 123 cihte zangh vetlo gam tampite mahmah ah zongh, mawtaw numbatte, inn nambatte leh adang tampite gelhna ah ABC, 123 vive mah zangh toto uh aa, Zomite in a zat zawh pen kum 2013 ciang kum za a cing hita ahi hi. Zomite in zongh, Roman Alphabet I laak pen puahtoto zoin, Kawl awsuah, English awsuahte zui-in gelh selo aa, minampi khatin om I hihna tawh kituak aa Zopau awsuah mah tawh gelh ciatciat ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh Latin te khanlai in, Latin awsuah bang in Zolai kigelh in, English te hong khan ciang, English awsuah in kigelh nuam leuleu, Kawlte lak ah Kawl awsuah in a gelhgelh khawng kiom thei cih bang hi. Gtn. Cin pen I Zopau awsuah sitset lian hi aa, Chin pen English pau awsuah hi-in, Kyin pen Kawl pau awsuah ahi hi. Ahunhunin, leitung ah hong khangkhiate ii awsuah bangbang in gelh kawikawi ni ci lehang, Kawllak aa omte a tuam, mikang gam lak aa omte gelhzia a tuam, cih bang hiin, I laimal gawmzia pen tampi tak hong kika semsem ding hi. Tua ahih manin, Zolai pen Zopau awsuah tungtawnin gelh setset ding mah thupi hi. Gina in, lai kician neih vaizaw thamtham ahhi. A citaklo a kikhelkhel, ahi lemlum tawh kibanglozawding hi. Zolai pen thankik danin, a mun zui aa kikhel laplap ahih khak hetloh ding thupi hi. Tuabaan ah, English te alai uh akhangtohna etsak lehang, laibu tampipi bawl, limlak bawl pen tuhun ciang limtang 156 (melmuh tongsan) tepawl cih ding hikha ding hi. Mi tampi lunglut ding thuthakte leh, a sim nop huai tangthu tuamtuam cihbangdante tampipi gelhkhia uh cih kimu thei hi. Tua ahih manin, Zolai khantohna ding leh Zomite minampi I hih lam aki latkhiat semsem nadingin, Zolai in laibu atam theithei, Zopau in Zola atam theithei, Zolai in kilet, Zopau in kilet limtang (melmuh tongsan) te atam theithei, Zopau mahmah tawh limtang atam theithei kisam mahmah Ihi hi.Tuabek thamloin, media kici, thuthak kizaakna tuamtuam, a theih huai thu manpha tuamtuam (Gtn. Cidamna, leitung khantohzia, cbd...) te leh I pu I pate zat mualsuang bang mahin, I mualsuang ding, I tangthu, I khanggui kepcingna ding in laibu manpha tampipi kisam mahmah Ihi hi. English te nampi ahihna uh, a kilatkhiatna khat English te ii thupitna a kimu khia thei tampite lakpan pawlkhatte en suk lehang, mipite in lai sim uuk uhin laibu tampipi bawlbawl zo pah uh aa, laisim ding thupi sak, laibu manphatna thei uhhi. Tua ciangbek hiloin, a laigelhsiamte uh thupisak thei, pahtawi thei leh phawk den uhhi cih zongh a mipilte uh ii thugenna tampite pan kimu thei hi. Hihbangin akhantohna uh pan adang ahang athupi khat omlai hi. Tua inah, research acih uh, nathakthak, leitungah a om nailo (ahih kei leh=ahk) leitung ah a kimukhia nailo cihbangdan muh masak ding hanciam mahmah uhhi. Tua bangin, a muh khiat (ahk) a bawlkhiat uh ciang, min vawhin, tua pen, namdangte in zatpih uh aa, a mau pau pen akhang semsem leh a theihhuai semsem hong suakin, a manphatnate hong kah ahi hi. Tuamah bangin, namdang 157 pau kawm, phuaktawm, helh, cih dan ahih uh tam mahmah ahih manin, English to English kamletna na ngawn hong bawl uh ahi hi. English te mahmah in a mau pau a theihloh uh kammal pen tampi tak mah om hi. Tuhun khantoh hun ciang bang pen, science kammal, internet kammal, cidamna lam kammal cihbangdan (cbd...) in tam lua mahmah cih hong hi lai hi. Tua ahih manin, kammal kicing nei zolote in, English te kammal mah zatpih kul to aa, Englsih theih hong kul semsem hong suak ahi hi. Gtn. Computer, phone (telephone, telegraph, cbd te khawng zongh English pau taktak hiloin, tuhun ciang English sinna laibute ah kisin veve ta hi.) English pau leh lai-in hong khantoh khitciang Awsuah United Kingdom (UK), United State of America (USA), Canada, Australia cih bang dante in, kiptak kho takin hong om hi. Tua panin, akiim apaam teng hong lawh uhhi. Gtn. US in, America sung aa teng damdamin hong lawh hi. Tua baan ah, hih gamlo adang tampi takin, ahang tuamtuam tawh hong zatpih lai uhhi. Gtn. Singapore, India, Nigeria Tuabang hong hih ciangin, amau hun aa, Roman lai zangh aa Latin awsuah zuiloin, English awsuah tawh hong gelh vet se mah bang un, English lai leh English paute namdangte in zanghin, a mau awsuah/awkaih tawh hong pauin, tua awsuah/awkaih tungtawnin, a English lai uh hong gelhsak hi. Gtn. Singapore te in English pau zangh I cih hangin, English te pau dan taktak tawh kibanglo aa, Singlish kici suk hi. Malaysia bangah English pau pawlkhat 158 zatpih uhhinapi in, amau awsuah zui in, tua English lai pen gelh vetse uhhi. Gtn. Police pen Polis ci-in gelh uhhi. Ahun leh amun zui-in, awsuah khat leh khat kibanglo hi. Tua akibanglo awsuahte tungtawnin, lai malgawm ziate zongh hong kibanglo toto hi. Tua ahih manin, lai malgawm pen khat leh khat ii deihdan zongh kibang gai khin theilo kha ding hi. Bawng ham na ngawn pen, a ham khat bek ahih hang, minam khat leh khat ii zaakdan kibanglo hi. Thau ging khat na ngawn pen, Zomite in “pungh” ci-in, Kawlte in, “daii” ci uhhi. Tuabang dan ahih lam telsiam kim tekin, khat leh khat, lai malgawm zia hang, awsuah/awkaih kibatlohna hang leltak tawh, I kituammuh khakloh ding thupi hi. Awsuah/awkaih kibatlohna hang bek tawh namdang I kisak khak hetloh ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Lai malgawm Awsuah/awkaih zui aa, lai hong kigelh ciangin, English nangawn pen, a lianpi-in British English leh American English cih ding ahi hi. Tuate mah bangin, tuhun ciang, Singapore English, Australian English awsuah cih bang in pai toto hi. Tua sungah, lai malgawmte zongh a kibanglo hong om hi. Gtn. British English ah colour/centre cihte pen American English ah color/center ci uhhi. Ahi zongin, a vek in English vive mah kici hi. A malgawmzia kibang kei mah ta se leh, lai gualhzia (grammar) pen, kibang sitset ahih manin, a lai uh, a pau uh pen, kisia thei tuanlo hi. Tua kibanglote hangin, kikhenkham thei tuanlo uhhi. Tua baanah, bangbangin a kigelh zongin, university pi te, media tuamtuamte, kipawlna lian tuamtuamte leh kumpite mahmah in, a kibang zangh khawm thei veve uh 159 ahih manin, a mau zat pen, a maan pen hong suak den pah lel hi. Media thupitna Tuhun ciang, limtang muhnop tuamtuamte leh la hoih nonote, laibu thupi tuamtuam cbd… media te pen America pan English pau zangh gam a dangte sang’ tam bawl zozaw, hoihsak zozaw uhhi. Tua ahih manin, American English pen English awsuah dangte sangin ki-ngai munzaw, kiza munzaw hi. Tua hang bekbekin zongh, English awsuah/awkaih tuamtuamte sungah American English awsuah pen hoih a sazaw, tel baih a sazaw cihbang dan zongh mi kiom pah hi. Zolai, Zopau pen Zomite minam lian I hihna hong kilanghsak ding tampite lak pan nam khat ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, media tuamtuam (laibu bawlna, la khui tampi, limtang et theih tampi, thu kizakna tuamtuam, thu manpha ciaptehna tuamtuam, cbd…) te I hahkat aa Zolai, Zopau manphatnate I kilatsak ding, a thupit lam a kimuhkhiat ding kisam mahmah ahi hi. 160 United Nations sungpan kipawlna khat UNESCO UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) pen, UN (United Nations) ii taangmi (agency) nam khatin kiciamteh, kithei ahi hi. Hih kipawlna in, minam neute tungah lunglut phadiak uh aa, pau leh ham, ngeina tuamtuamte leh tangthute kinpih mahmah uhhi. 1945 kumin UNESCO kiphuan khia ahi hi. Ngimna leh ngaihsutna pen, galpi nihna khitciang, kilemna leh daihnate omin, khat leh khat kizahtak theihna ding cih ahi hi. Gamvai nasepnate leh sumbawl silbawl nasepnate bekin, hih kilemna leh daihnate piangsak zolo ding hi ci-in ngaihsutna nei uh ahi hi. Mihingte ii ngeina, zia leh tongte, khat leh khatin, kitheihpih aa kizahtak sakin, kilapsang theihna ding lunggulhna tawh kipan ahi hi. Hih pen, leitung ii gamh, neihsa, manphatna, a thupitnate kepcingna nam khat zongh ahi hi ci-in, ngaihsun uhhi. Nasepzia pen a pawlpawlin, mun tuamtuam ah pai kawikawi aa, cidamna bawlna, theihhuai thu leh la tuamtuam hilhna cihte leh ngeina tuamtuamte kan kawikawina cih bang ahi hi. Hih ngeina (a hununin nasepsepte) cihna sungah, minam lai, minam pau leh ham cihte zongh kihel ahi hi. Khua khat khit khua khat ah huhna pia kawikawi ahi zong, mun khat ah tua khua kiim aa teng kai khawmin nasem ahi zong, a mun a phual aa om 161 kipawlna tuamtuamte tawh khut kilenin sem khawm ahi zong, tha piak theih nana, panpih theih bangbang tawh sem khia uh ahi hi. A diakdaikin, Africa lam bulphuh aa nasem uhhi. Africa lam ah, nam neu nono tampitak om hi. Tua teng pen mun khat ah kigawm ngeingai uh aa, kilemna om ding haksa mahmah ahih manin Africa lam kibulphuh ahi hi. Tua Africa sung mahmah panin zongh, bulphuh masak dingin a koihte uh pen, - numei leh pasal kideidannate a beina ding - ngeina tuamtuamte mangthangloin, pau leh hamte a beilohna ding - theihna, cidamna lam ah khantohna ding cih bangte hi-in, ngeina tuamtuamte mangthangloin, pau leh hamte a beilohna ding pen, khangno, khangthakte sungah bulphuh phadiak uhhi. Cidamna lam pen HIV/aIDS neite lakah bulphuh phadiak uh ahi hi. A hunzui-in zongh, leitung mun taumtuam aa thupiangte vaanin, pulaakna tuamtuamte zongh neizel uh ahi hi. A beisa dinmunte en aa, tuhun dinmunte tungtawnin, mailam ah bangteng hong piang thei ding cih bang, kankhiatna (research) tuamtuamte zongh bawl uhhi. Pau leh ham bei in, minam mangthang suak kha thei ding, a dahpihte uh, pulaak theizel uh ahi hi. Pau leh ham bei leh lai cih zongh abei ding ahi hi. Tua minamte in dinmun kip neilo suak ding uhhi aa, manthatna in zom ding ahi hi. 162 Leitungbup Laibu Ni (World Book Day) Leitungbup Laibu Ni (akl) World Book Day (akl) World Book and Copyright Day (akl) International Day of the Book (akl) World Book Days ci-in, UNESCO te ii vaihawmna tawh 23 April khasimin mun tuamtuamah kibawl kawikawi hi. Hih World Book Day pen United Kingdom (UK) ah, 23 April taangin March kha, kaal masa, nipi zawh nili ni (Thursday) ta aa kibawlzaw hi. Hih World Book Day, a kibawl masak penpen ni leh kha, kum pen, 23 April 1995 ahi hi. Hih ni pen World Book Day ni dingin banghang kiciamteh hiam? 1923 kumin, Spain gam ah laibu ci aa bawlkhia-in a zuak masa, Miguel de Cervantes ii sihni ahi hi. World Book Day ci-in, zahtak piakna aa hih ni kizangh ahi hi. 1995 kum ciangin, UNESCO kipawlna in, World Book and Copyright Day cih ding khentatna nei uh ahi hi. Hih ni pen, a lamdang veve lai khat ah, lai lam mah a uuk leh a siam William Shakespeare ii suahni leh sihni zongh ahi hi. Tualo, a zahtakhuai mi minthang Inca Garcilaso de la Vega leh Josep Pla te ii sihni tawh zongh kituak hi. Maurice Druon, Manuel Mejia Vallejo leh Halldor Laxness te ii suahni tawh zongh kituak ahi hi. (Aminte uh pen, English min dan hilo ahih man in, amau ii malgawm bangbang aa a kizui ahi hi.) 163 Miguel de Cervantes ii sihni taktak pen 22 April hi-in, a kivui ni 23 ni pen zat dingin kikipsak hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, lailam nasem pilna nei tampi takte ii ciaptehhuai ni tawh kituak ahih man ahi hi. Hihte pen, Gregorian calendar tungtawnin genna ahi hi. Ahih hangin, England ah Julian calendar zangh uh ahih manin, a zatni uh kibang theilo ahi hi. Tuahang aa, United Kingdom gambup in, March kha, kaal masa, nipi zawh nili ni ta a zangh uh ahi hi. Kumsimin, gam za val ta bangin, hih ni sim World Book Day kibawl ngeingai den hi. Akibawl ciangin, naupangnote tampitak, a gingkhia-in ngaihtak aa laisim khawmsak ziahziah uhhi. Nop asak theihtheih nading un, vaihawm uhhi. Hih ni ah World Book Day akibawl ciangin, khangthak naupangte, lai asim nop nading uh, laisim ding a lawp nading uh, lai ii manphatna, laibu ii thupitna cihte a theih tel semsem nading uh cih bang vaihawmna tuamtuamte kinei ahi hi. Gam pawlkhatte ah, lai nasepna tuamtuamte pahtawina kipia in, hih ni hong piangkhiatna thu genna leh, amau lai tawh nasep sate etphatna cihbang nei thei uhhi. Vaihawmzia leh sepdan a kibanglo tampi lak pan, a kibang khatin naupangnote laisim thalawpsak ding, lai ii manphatna, laibu ii thupitna cihte theihsak ding ahi hi. Hih ni ciang pen, laibu zuakte in zongh, laibu tampitak mah 50% bang khiamin, zuak zihziah uhhi. Hih ni-in, laibu lui lakna pawi, laibu minthang tuamtuam, laigelh siam, lapau gelh siam (poet) te ii thu, dotna dawnna, theihzah kidemna pawi khawng bawl hi. Naupangnote lai tawh kinai-in nop asak theihtheih ding uh bulphuhin ngaihsun aa kibawl phadiak ahi hi. 164 Lai nasep cih pen, a picing, pilna siamna nei, mi thupi tampite ii nasep nam khat hi aa, hih ni hong piangkhiatna zongh tuabang mithupi tampite hang mah ahi hi. Ahi zongin, hih ni ciang, tuabang mi thupite a bulphuh gam tawm mahmah aa, naupangnote a bulphuh gam pen atamzaw thamtham ahi hi. Hihni pen Kumpi (gam makai, uliante) in thupisimin, melmuh tongsan (live) in media tuamtuam tungtawn pan a ki-en thei ding zah dong aa vaihawm pih uhhi. Thu kizakna (laihawm tuamtuam) nasepna tuamtuamte ah zongh, ngaihsutna tuamtuam tawh lai kigelhin, thu kigen aa, laisim ding, lai cih pen thupitsak ding tha kipia mahmah ciat hi. Lai ii manphatna leh banghangin laisim huai Laisim (laisimh) pen a thupitna bang hiam ci-in a ngaihsun kha (ngei) mi tampi kiom ding ahi hi. Naungek tung' pan kumtamin tek dong kikal, laisimna pan hamphatnate, laisim ding a hoihna, a thupitnate a tomkimcingin en suk ni. Naungekte in, a nu' naubu sungah a om lai pekun, khua za thei ta hi. A bilun khua a zak bangbang, a khuak ah na kisem ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, nau gai laitak pek mah pan, nute in (akl) mi khat peuhpeuh in a gingkhia-in laisimsim ding pen thupi mahmah ahi hi. (Ahih theih aa leh, ei sim nop thu hi masalo aa, naungek adingin, ahoih ahih ding thupi hi.) 165 Pianpih pau, minam pau I cihte pen, Zomi khat Zopau zatlohna mun ah khangkhia hileh Zomi ahih hangin Zopau a siam theih ding pen haksa veve ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, neu tung mah panin, I kiim I paam aa I zaak munte mah a kithei toto cih kimu thei ahi hi. Hong suah khitciangin zongh, I pau I ham a tel theih nailoh hangin, a ma zaak dingin, lai simsim ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Tua in, tua naungek pen, laisim nopna lungsim zongh guan ahi hi. Kammal kicing, kammal kilawm, kammal hoihte zongh tampi za-in, laigual hoih, laigual paizia maante zongh a khuak sungah na baang (thaam) veve ahi hi. Lai hong sim theih mialmial ciangin ei bek in sim nawnloin, tua naupang tawh sim khopzel ding kisam ahi hi. Hih in, nute leh tate kikal kizopna zongh hong neisak semsem ahi hi. Tua khitciangin, laisimh zongh manlang sakin, a khuak zongh tai tuam ahi hi. Lai thupi, lai manpha sim leh simlo hi masa loin, a khuak in, lai a simsim ding pen a kisam ahi hi. Hong gol toh zawk deuh kum 6, kum 7 gual hong phak ciangin, naupangte pen thudot hong hat mahmah thei uh ahi hi. Tuahun laitakin, laisimnopna lungsim pen guat ding thupi mahmah ahi hi. Theihnopna lungsim, ngaihsutna tuamtuam neihna, dotna tuamtuam hauhnate hong kipat laitak ahi hi. Dawnnate pen, ei a thei bangin dawng suk ziauziaulo aa, a theilo bang kineihin, I theihna ding ci aa, a mah tawh laibu lem khawmin, dotnate dawn pih ding pen tate laisim nopna lungsim guatna nam khat ahi hi. 166 A mah leh a mah in laisim thei-in laibu zong tawm aa hong om theih ciang, laibu hoih tawh hoihlo tawh hong sim nuam phawt lel ding ahi hi. Phal lelin. Zawlthu bu, Ciamnuih bu leh thu gina, ginalo tuamtuamte hong sim nuam kha ding hi. Simhsak lel ding ahi hi. A kum tawh kituakin (akl) a hun, a mun, a thuzaakna tuamtuamte tawh kizui-in, laibu hoih, laibu manpha tata hong sim nuam toto lel ding ahi hi. Zawlthu bu bekbek, Ciamnuih thu bekbek simna-in a hunte hong zangh tawntung samlo ding ahi hi. TV et sangin, laisim pen I khuak adingin tampi tak hoihzaw ahi hi. Laisimna in, laisim hong naalsak hi. I lungsim tha hong dimsak thei hi. I ngaihsutna hong tangzai sakzawhi. Mipilte tawh a kithuah kha mah hong hisak hi. Kammal kilawm ding tampi hong ngaihsun kaak theisak hi. Laigelh hong siamsak hi. Theihna hong kibehlapsak hi, Thu ciaptehna khuak hong hoihsak semsem ahi hi. Laisim ii hoihna kan mipilte ii genna ah, zingsang thawh simin, laimai 2, mai 3 ta bang sim masa lehang, tua nibup pen, I lungsim siangin, I navak zo hi ci uhhi. Laibu tampipi a simsimte ii kampau zia leh laisim ngeilote ii kampau zia pen kilamdang mahmah ahi hi. Laisimsimte in, tua a kilamdangna pen khentel thei uh aa, laisim ngeilote in, a kilamdangna mulo uh ahi hi. Laisim thei napi, laibu hoihnono a sim ngeilote pen, laisim theilo aa lai a sim ngeilo pahte tawh, laisim ngeilo tuaktuak ahih man un, a kibang uhhi lel hi. Laisimna in, ngaihsut siamna hong guan thei hi. Laisimna in, theihna leh muha hong kibehlapsak ahi hi. Laisimte ii lungsim zongh dai sakin, lungsim palatna pan zongh tampi hong keem tuam ahi hi. A gingkhia in sim ding zongh a hoih ahi hi. I kam in simin, I bil in, khatvei za beh lai a 167 hihman ahi hi. Ahi zongin, gol toh semsem ciangin, a mathu (pawlkhatte kisin kul) in lungsim sungah kisim kha lel ahi hi. Gol khitciangin pen, a gingkhialo aa sim mah hoihzaw aa, neulai-in pen, a gingkhia aa sim ding hoihzaw ahi hi. Kumtam khangham khitciang dong na-ngawnin, laisimna in phatuamna hong pia toto lai ahi hi. Kumtamin tek luata ahih manin, naupang lungsim paai (pua)kik hi cih pen leitung paizia ngeina khat ahi hi. Ahi zongin, tuabang dan aa, lungsim naupangvaikik baih leh a naupangvaikik hak kiom hi. Laisimsimte pen, kumtam semsem leh theihna hau semsem aa picing semsemzawuhin, naupang lungsim puakik hak mahmahzawuh ahi hi. Tua bek thamloin, khat kia om hun tam semsem ahih manin, laibu pen lawm hoih penpen zongh hong suak ahi hi. Note: laibu cihna ah laihawm, laidal, hun tawh kizui-in ebook ahi zong, webpages te ahi zong, laisim cih limlim a thupi ahi hi. Laibu hong pen khat ii hong sim I ngaih ziauh sangin, ei mahmah in, I sim ngiatngiatna in kilamdangna hong kilamdangsak zozaw ahi hi. January 2013 in, Singapore ah Myanmar 88 makai Ko Min Ko Naing in lailam thugenna a neihna ah, Myanmar ah thong akiat lai-in, laisim khuan kipia vetlo cihi. (Paunak khat ah, mihing khat ahih leh laisim hamtang ding hi, ciin, kei bel thong sungah laisim khalo ka hih ciang mihing bawlin hong kibawllo hi-in teh ci-in ciamnuih tawh gen kop hi.) Kum 15 sung bang laisim theilo dingin a kibawlna hun sungah, inn panin, neek ding van a kipuak ciang, bang van 168 teng kihel cih list (sa-yin) in kibawl aa kipia hi. Tua lai tawmno kigelh pen, sim khak ciang, lungsim sungah tampitak nuam tuam zo hi ci-in gen hi. "Laisimlo bek hiloin, lai cih peuhmah mu kha ngei vetloin sawtveipi om aa, kua mah tawh zongh kiholoin sawtveipi I om ciang, lungsim maanlo (psycho lut) a kisuak kha thei ding mah hi" ci-in a thuak khakna tungtawn pan a ngaihsut khakna gen hi. "Thongkiat pihte ii pum tung aa tattoo lai kigelhte bek na-ngawn sim khak pen noptuam mahmah hi" ci liang hi. “A ngeina bang lel khatin, mitawh kizom, kiho, kimu, kikhawlin, laisim kei zong, lai tuamtuam mu, pau leh kihonate za I hih manin, lai ii thupitna pen a kiphawkkha pakpaklo thei bek Ihi hi” ci-in gen hi. Laibu hoih leh hoihlo Naupang, naungekte tung lai I sim sak ciangin, lakam dan, a dung a vai a kituak, kammal kizom, laigual kitah nei cihte sim ding hoih ahi hi. Amau ii lunglut dingin zongh, mel (colour) tuamtuam omte zongh kisam veve ahi hi. Naupangte adingin, a thu kibang kikkik ahihloh ding kisam hi. Ahi zongin, a laimalte a kithuap kikkik ding pen hoihzaw ahi hi. Adeihnate, thulu khat leh khat kibangin, a thu kitukalhlo ahih ding zongh kisam ahi hi. Naupangte kimawlna ding milim nono, thau leh mawtaw cihbang tuamtuamte na piak ciangin, tuate lakah, laibu zongh helhin, koih khawm den hamtangin. Laibu pen mumu sakin, Laibu tawh kinai sakin, Laibu mai-ngap sakin. Gol khitciangin ken bang uuk cih, theih ding kisam ahi hi. Uukna zui-in, khat leh khat ading, laibu ii hoihna, 169 manphatnate hong kibang nawnlo ding ahi hi. Uukna cih zongh pen, kiim leh paam in thu tampi tak sai ahi hi. Muhna, zaakna tuamtuam tungtawn panin, theinopna lungsim tawh sim ding laibu (laihawm, lai kigelh limlim) pawlkhat om ding aa, uukna lungsim tawh simnop pawlkhat hong om ding ahi hi. Zawlthu bu, ciamnuih bu cihbangdan ahi zong, tangthu bu, biakna thubu, leitung khantohna thubu, kiim leh paam thupiang thugenna lai cih bangdan ahi zongin, mi minthang, a zahtak huaite tangthu, tuate ii thugen hoih tuamtuamte cih bangdan ahi zongin nam tampi om ahi hi. Tuate sungpan, mailam ding ngaihsunte in, tangthu thei nuam uhhi ci-in, lailam thukan mipil tampi in gen uhhi. Zawlthu leh ciamnuih cih bang, phuahtawm tangthu (a lauhuai thu, kilaina thu, cbd..) te pen kum tawm akl a picing lungsim nei nailote akl a mah leh a mah ii nopsak ding a ngaihsun pak cih bang dante lakah tam phadiak hi ci uhhi. Leitungah laibu khat bek a simte pen, mi lauhuai ahi uhhi ci-in, kigen hi. Laibu khat bek cihna ah, a ma uuk bek a simte, a ma theih nop bek a simte, a ma nopsak bek a simte cihna ahi hi. Laibu bu khat bek cihna hiloin, thu pai, thu gui khat bek a simte cihna ahi hi. Laibu nam khat bek asimte, laibu hoihlo a sim khate pen, thu langlekin ngaihsutna nei thei uh ahi hi. Thute langmuhin, ngaihsut kaak theilo uh aa, teehpih ding thudang theih neilo uh ahi hi. Laisimlote ahih leh bel, gen kul nawn vetlo lai ding hi. Tua ahih manin, laibu khat, lai kigelh khat limlim pen, kua ii gelh hi aa, bangthu hiam a gennop cih pen I tel ding kisam ahi hi. A lai bek hiloin, laigelhte zongh teel siam ding kisam ahi hi. Tuahang mahin, laigelh siam minthang leh 170 minthanglo cih bangdanin, laisim mite in a ciamteh uh ahi hi. Kua kipawlna ii hawm laibu hi aa, tua kipawlnate ii ngimna leh tupna te-in, bang hiam cih thei hilehang, a sung aa lai kigelhte pen, sim ma-in seh li suah seh khat bang ngaihsut kholh theih ahi hi. Leitung khantohna tawh kizui laibu tuamtuamte (Gtn. IT laibu, Science laibu, cbd...) Zolai in a om zawh kei aa leh, namdang lai mah I tu I tate in a sim uh hong kul ding ahi hi. Tua pen, Zolai ii manphatna khat a kiamsuk pah ahi hi. Tua panin, Zolai sim ding mi hong kiam tuam ahi hi. Zolai sim hong kiam leh, Zolai thei hong kiam ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zolai tawh thu leh la kim takin, tampi I gelhkhiat zawh ding kisam mahmah ahi hi. Aneng atawng dongin, gelh zo lel lehang zongh val hetlo ding ahi hi. Gtn. vasa thu, singkung lopate’ thu, ek thu dongin... Laibu hoih simhuai leh simhuailo cih zongh mi (laisim uukte, laibusaal aa nasemte, I sia tuamtuamte,cbd...) te tungah dot bawl ding pen hoih veve ahi hi. Laisimna in, a kigelh laite thu bek hong theisak hiloin, kammal zat zia cihte leh laigual paizia, laigelhzia cihte dongin, hong khangtosak ahi hi. I khuak zongh hong tangtang sakin, ciaptehna tha zongh hong khangsak ahi hi. Laibu khat hoih ding maw, hoihlo ding cih pen, atung tuamna tawh khentat pahpah kha kei-in. Laibu pen,a thak a lui cih en kei-inla, sim ngei khin maw, sim ngei nailo cihte et zawk ding pen thupi mahmah ahi hi. Tuabek thamloin, sim kikkik huai maw, sim kikkik huailo cih dongin laibu hoihna leh manphatnate thei aa thupitsak zawh ding kisam mahmah ahi hi. 171 Zolai leh Zotuallai ngaihsut kaakna Zolai hangin hamphatna - Kizopna hong manlangsak hi. IT vante (online laimai simna, gelhna, email kizopna, cbd...) te ah lai (font) tuamtuam bawlbawl kul nawnlo pah hi. - Hun sawtpi pek panin, laibu bawl mengmeng theihna dingin, lem mahmah hi. (Hih alphabet zanghlo hi lehang, Zolai-in laibu tampi kinei zo nailo kha ding hi.) - Letungbup aa kizangh English lai (Roman Alphabet) tawh hong kinaisak tuam hi. - Zotuallai sangin, theih ding baih kisazaw aa, laisim thei mi kibehlap semsem hi. (Cope topa in hih lai a hilh lai-in, baihkisa lua aa, ni 7 lai kici liang hi.) - Zolai phungvuh beh theihna dingin, vai tuamtuamte tampitak ol suah hi. (Vanzat computer te hita leh, laikhetna set dongin.) - Roman Aphabet zanghlo gam tampite in zongh, mawtaw nambat, inn nambat, cbd... te ah Zolai aa kizangh Roman Aphabet mah zangh (helh) veve uhhi. Gtn. Korea, China, Japan, cbd... - Computer ah I zatnop lai (font) ki-ngah thei cih ciang bek pen a kicing hiloin, leitung pilna pen, Roman Alphabet lo tawh mat leh zetin zuih ding cih a baih hilo ahi hi. Gtn. Computer command, programming language, smart phone ah platform tuamtuam omin, khat bawl tawh mobile khempeuhah ki-ngah khinlo hi. Kawlte leh namdang tampite in zongh nungzuih zo tuanlo uhhi. 172 - Kawlte in, a mau pau, a mau lai tawh hong deepna ding uh pan, tampi hong dal, hong hu tuam ahi hi. (Kawllai zat pih luat kulloin, Zolai kizuun zo ahih man hi.) - Namneu a hi hetlo English/british, American, Canadian, Austrilian, cbd... te mahmah in zongh, a mau lai cih neitawm tuanlo uh (nei tuam mah uh leh zongh tuhun ciang zatin nei nawnlo uh) aa Roman Alphabet vive mah Zomite tawh a kibangin zangh ciat uhhi. Zolai hangin supna - Minamdang tampitakte in, a mau lai tawh a mau om uhhi. Minam khatin kiom buangin, minam lai (font) nei napi a zanghlo kisuak hi. - Namdang pawlkahtte in, Zolai (Roman Alphabet) pen, Zolai-in hong sim saklo thei uhhi. - Zolai (Roman Alphabet) bekbek zat luatna in, Zotuallai kepcing ding leh phungvuh ding tampitak hong thanemsak tuam hi. - Zolai (Roman Alphabet) tawh Zopau awsuah bangbang lian aa gelh ding hamsa in ut leh maalin kigelh/kimalgawm ziazua kha tek thei hi. - Zolai (Roman Alphabet) pen, namdangte a zangh tampi om ahih manin, Zomite zatciangin, lai malgawmziate namdang kibanglo a tuamtekin kizuih pih kha mawk hi. Gtn. English zuite in, "Chin" a cih pen, Zolai ci aa a gelhte in "Cin" ci uh aa, Kawllai zuite in, "Kyin" ci uhhi. 173 Zotuallai hangin hamphatna - Awsuak bangbangin kigelh lianlian thei hi aci kiom hi. (Pawlkhatte in, awsuah bang lianlianin English na-ngawn ah om zolo ahih manin up ding haksa sa uhhi.) - Awsuah awkaih tuamtuam Zomiteng hong guahtuahkik thei ding hi ci-in a lam en kiom ahi hi. - Roman Alphabet sangin, pau leh lai kep ding baihzaw kha thei, ahangin, namdangte aa tawh kigawm ziazualoin, kimelh nelh lozawding ahi hi. - Laimal gawmzia kibang kimtekzawkha ding hihang. - Minamdangte in, a mau lai tawh a mau a om mah bang un, minam tawh minam lai tawh kiom sitset suak thei ding hi. Zotuallai hangin supna - Kizopna/thu kizaakna tampi mite nung ah kiom ding hi. IT vante (online laimai simna, gelhna, email kizopna, cbd...) te, laihawmna tawh thukizaaknate ah lai (font) tuamtuam bawlbawl kul den ding ahi hi. (Computer ah Zotuallai font ki-ngah cih hangin, platform tuamtuam om hi. Gtn. Mac, Linux, Windows, cbd... Computer command, programming language, smart phone cihte ah platform tuamtuam om in, khat bawl tawh mobile/computer khempeuhah ki-ngah khinlo hi. Kawlte leh namdang tampite in zongh nungzuih zo tuanlo uhhi.) - 2002 kum Zotuallai kum za cin hunin Zotuallai tawh laibu om sangin, 2013 Zolai kum za cin hunin Zolai tawh laibu 174 om zah pen teh theih hilo ding hi. (Laibu hauh ding haksa mahmah ding cih nopna ahi hi.) - Leitungbup ii zat manglai kici English lai zongh tua zahin, kimai ngap pah ziauziau theilo kha ding hi. - Theih ding pen Zolai sangin hamsa kisazaw ahih manin, Kawllai in hong deep baih mahmah kha ding hi. A zenzenin, Mizo or Chin state sung pan pau dang zanghte in Roman Alphabet na zangh uh leh, baihzaw ahih manin, a mau pau leh a mau lai va kizuih pih kha thei dingin hong kideep baih mahmah kha ding hi. (Zotuallai om masazaw hinapi-in, ni 7 lai kici Zolai theih baihzaw ahih ciangin, kizui nuam ziau, kimai-ngap pahzawin kisin nuamzawhi.) - Zolai zuun zahin, olno tak aa Zotuallai zuun taktak ding pen, a haksatna tamzaw kha ding hi. Ahangin, vanzat theihding tuamtuamte leh etkaak theih ding tuamtuam pen tamlo kha ding hi. (Gtn. IT van khempeuhah Zotuallai genloh, namdang tampitakte in zongh ki-ngahsak zolo uhhi.) - English thei khangthakte in Zolai pen English tawh alphabet kibang ahih hang' Zolai a siamlo kiom lai veve ahih manin, alphabet kibanglo Zotuallai hi leh, khangkik khangsawn khangthakte' hun ciang lungkhamhuai mahmah kha ding hi. Hih ngaihsutna tuamtuamte pen; Laigelhpa in, mi tampitak tung leh online group tuamtuamte tungah dotna leh kanna nei kawikawi masa ahi hi. Tua sung aa mi tampitakte ii ngaihsutna tuamtuam a kisungte lak pan, ahi thei thu (logic) a om teng, teelkhia-in 175 kigelh ahi hi. Laigelhpa ii ngaihsutna leh saanziate zongh kihel veve ahi hi. A zangh suaksuak hi lehang cih ngaihsutna vive tawh kigelh ahi hi. 2013 kum ciangciang, a kibuaipih theizel thu pawlkhatte Zomi leh Eimi Pawlkhatte in ei leh ei Zomi kicilo hihang. Eimi kicizaw hihang khawng aci kiom hi. Ei cih pen English pau/lai in ”We= Ei, Our= i/ei” ahi hi. We are Zomi. Eite Zomi Ihi hi. Ei cih pen, a kibang, a kipawl, a kihuai dingte ii zat khop kammal ahi hi. Ei pawlte leh a mau pawlte. Eiteng khawlkhawm a tuam omlo. Tua minam min hilo ahi hi. "Ei Zomite I khangto mahmah ta hi” cih pen, Zomilo namdangte tung kigen theilo hi. "Zomite khangto mahmah ta hi” cih ahih aa leh, Zomilo namdangte tung kigen thei bek ahi hi. Gtn. Kawlte, Vaite tawh ahi zong, kimawl khawm, nasem khawm na hih leh "ei/i" cih kammalte kizangh thei veve hi. Zomi maw Tedim mi Laibu tampi leh kiciaptehna tampite ah Tedim/Tiddim cih tawh om ahi hi. Ahang tampite lakah pawlkhat pen a nuai aa te bang ahi hi. (1) Galpi 2 na lai in, Tedim pen gal lampi khat ahi hi. IndoBurma galpi 2 na thu kigen leh Tiddim road cih pen genloh a phamawh mun khat ahi hi. Tua tungtawn panin, Tiddim/Tedim cih vive in hong kiciamteh leh hong kithei phadiak ahi hi. 176 Tedim road cih leitang a na om man ahi hi. Tuamah bangin, Chin state, Chin hills cih min tawh leitang na om ahih manin, tua lai aa tualsuak Zomi teng Chin ci-in hong kithei, hong kiciamteh ahi hi. in ukpi a sep lai-in, gam, mi ci-in hong kithei, hong kiciamteh ngei hi. Zomi hihna pulaak ngeilo I hihmanin, a hun zui-in hong kitheihna leh hong kiciaptehnate kikhelkhel aa I hihna taktak hong mial semsemin dahhuai, lungzing huai mahmah ahi hi. (2) Tawlkhat sung, Zomi Baptist Convention –ZBC sungah, Falam, Khalkha te tawh kilim gawm mahmah lai-in, Zomi in a vek aa huam gaihsak nopna om hi. Tua hangin, Zomi sung pan, Tedim, Falam, Khalkha cih bangin kikhen suk cih ding ahi hi. Tuabang ngaihsutna hangin, Tedim labu, Tedim laisiangtho cih bangdanin leh Pawlpi jubliee laibu tuamtuamte sungah Zomi cih nading munteng, Tedim cih kammal/laimal vive kilim zat mahmah kha hi. Hih bang dante in zongh, khangthakte ii lungsim nawngkaisak thei ding ahih manin, ciantakin I theihtel tek ding, I genkheh ding, I pulaak ding, I gelh phatphat ding kisam mahmah ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Tedim cih pen hong uang semsem cih theih ahi hi. Laibu tampi ah Tedim pau, Tedim kam, Tedim lai, Tedim mi cihna kilim gelh lua mahmah ta ahih manin, laigelh siam Zomi Zosuan Zotate leh kipawlna tuamtuamin pilvang takin kidop siam ding hun mahmah ta ahi hi. (3) Tedim cih min limlim tawh a leitang na om phawtphawt khinta ahih manin, koi pan, kua mi cihnate ah, kigenzia ding pen Tedim mi cih hong lem penpen tawh kibang pak kha hi. 177 (4) Kawlte in hong khen neuneu nuam ahihman un, a nen a nenin hong toi dot suksuk zongh hikha thei ding hi. Chin ciin hong ciaptehna sung uh pan, a tuamtuamin hong khen suk uhhi. Tedim cihna sung pan zongh, a neu suk semsem, I beitum suk madongin hong khen suksuk lai uh tawh kibang hi. Hong khen khit ciangin, pawlkhat te lungkim sakin adang pawlkhat te thudonlo hong koih tawh zongh a kibat hun om theizel mai hi. Hong khin tiltel khit ciang, hong sutuah uh tawh kibang phial mawk ahi hi. Zomite pilvangin, Zomi pen neusek suksuklo aa, a neng nono khen behbehloh ding thupi hi. Kipumkhatna tawh thahat ding hun ahi hi. Zogam leh Zomi, Tedim leh Tedim khua mi cih theih ding thupi hi. Tedim gam hiloin, Tedim khawk bek ahi hi. Zogam sungah, khawk tuamtuam om aa tua sung pan Tedim khawk zongh kihel hi. Gtn. Inn no.S/17, Zato lampi, Sialdai veng, Tuithang khua, Tedim khawk, Zogam Zopau maw Tedim pau Zolai sinbu sungah, T - Tedim pau eima pau kici hi. Hih pen tangthu, khang ciaptehna bu ahihloh manin za ah za san dinghilo hi. Zolai sinna ahih manin, Zolai hilhna cih ahi 178 hi. Tedim pau ci napi in, Z - Zomite hanlungciam khangto diamdiam ci hi. Zomi lah hi Tedim pau cih tawh lah hong kibang ahi hi. Zolai sinbu sung aa kigelh bangbang pen a hitaktak cihna hilo hi. "Pau Hau in thau a nei hi. Ni a sa aa mi li a si hi." cihte pen "T - Tedim pau eima pau" cih tawh a kigelhna laibu kibang ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, "T" mun bek thutak bang aa laak tuam theih hilo hi. Tedim pau hiloin, Zopau mah ahi hi. Zopau sung pan Tedim awsuah, Teizang awsuah, Zo awsuah, Zopau Sizang awsuah cihbangdanin a tuamtuam aa awsuah kidanna tawmtek a om bek ahi hi. I vekin Zomi, Zopau zangh, Zolai siam vive Ihi hi. Ahunhunin, kammal khelnono hong piangbeh cihte pen mikang te in “slang” a cihte uh zongh na hi kha thei lel hi. Ciimnuai leh Tedim Ciimnuai pen Tedim tawh a kibang ahi hi. Ciimnuai pen hun khat lai-in khua lian khua minthang pen khat ahi hi. Tua Ciimnuai khua minthan mahbangin tuhun ciang Tedim pen Ciimnuai sangin hong kitheihpihzaw ahi hi. Ahun kibanglo bek hi-in, a thupaizia kibang ahi hi. Ciimnuai lai peuhmah kuamah in ci ngeilo hi. Tuahun in lai om nailo hiven bang a kici mah dia…. Tua hunin pau leh ham om khin hi. Ahi zongin, Ciimnuai pau peuhmah kua mahin ci ngeilo hi. Ciimnuai mi kicizongin minam min khat bangin kingaihsun ngei hilo beh khat phungkhat cih vive in kilim gen phadiak ahi hi. Ahi zongin, khangthakte hun ciang Tedim pen uawt bawlin uawng zat val luatna hong om tawh kibang hi. Hihte pen khua min, leitung min, mun min, gam minte ahi hi. Thukhat ah, leitang min om bangbangin hong kithei, hong kiciamteh ahih manin, I minam min Zomi cih tawh leitang 179 min a om ding kisam toto tawh hong kibang semsem ta hi. Hih Ciimnuai khua kisat hunin, Lailun khua cih sanggam pawlkhatte in a nasat dan uhin a gen kiom hi. Ciimnuai khuasatte lam pan Tedim khua kisatin khua dang tuamtuam a kisat toh bang aa, Lailun khuasatte lam pan Falam khua cih bang khua dang tuamtuam a na sat uhhi ciin kigen aa zongh uphuai lel hi. Ciimnuai khuasat lamte Ciimnuai mi kicih danin, Lailun khuasat lamte Laimi kici uhhi, ci-in a gen tampi kiom hi. Tedim khuasat hun ciangin Tedim mi, Falam khua sat hun ciangin Falam mi, Falampau cihbangih hong pai leuleu mawk hi. Falam sang’ khangsauzaw cihna tawh Laimi pen len suak uhhi. Tuamah bangin, Tedim sang’ khangsauzaw pen Ciimnuai mi hi aa tuasangin a sauzaw lai pen Zomi ahi hi. Hibang ngaihsutna tungtawnin hi leh, Laimi cih pen Ciimnuai mi cih ciang tawh kibang kikim cih theih ahi hi. Ahi zongin, Zomite pen Ciimnuai khua pianma pekin a om khin thamtham, ngeina tawh itna a nungtasa, minam min a neite Ihi hi. Zomi leh Chin Chin hills pen ei Zosuan I pu I pate in a na zuat uh ahi hi. Chin hills tunma-in, ngeina tawh itna tawh, minam min ciantakin a neisa Zomite Ihi hi. Chin hills kici aa galzo namliante ciaptehna pan tua lai aa a na om kha Zomite pen a mun, a phual, a leitang min zui-in hong kithei, hong kisam hong kiciamteh ahi hi. Tua min luah kha I hihmanin, I tuntunna ah tuatawh hong kilo suak mawk hi. 180 Pawlkhatte in I pu I pate in bawm na pua uh ahih manin, Kawlte in Chin ci aa Chin gyi (bawm lian) cih bangin hong sapna uh pan hi aci kiom hi. (Hih pen kei mah laigelhpa Tg. Lian Than Tuang in, sanzawh ding hamsa kasa hi.) Banghanghiam cihleh bawmpua pen ei bek hiloin, minamdang tampi zongh om uh aa a mau te Chin kicilo uhhi. Amau minam min a na gencian theih man zongh bel hikha ding hi. Amau minam minloin a kiciamteh Chin lah a kicituanlo zongh na om veve hi. Galpi 2 na lai in, Tiddim road pan Tiddim mi, ii ukna pan mi a kicih mah bangin, Chin hills aa kiciaptehna pan Chin minam cih hi kha lel ding hi. Chin in a pai suak aa leh (Zomi cih min tawh official/kumpi leh leitung ii theih/ciaptehin a om kei aa leh) Zomite pen hun hong sawt semsem ciang, minam mangthang cih theih ahi hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, Pyu minamte pen a sigai, lei ii valhtum cih bang hilo uhhi. Pyu cih minam min tawh a om nawnlo bek ahi hi. Zomite zongh sigai in beitum ding cih ahihloh hang, Zomi cih minam min tawh a om nawnlo hi ding aa, Zomi cih pen minam mangthang min list (sayin) sungah Pyu te bangmahin a om ding ahi hi. I min pen ei leh ei I kisapna ding bek hiloin, mite’ hong theih, hong sapna ding zongh ahi hi. Zumkong mangkong aa kiciamteh min bek mahtawh nalianpi sep ding phalna (legal) om ding ahi hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomi cih min tawh thupaizia bangin ciaptehna omlo aa ei leh ei bek i kicih suaksuak aa leh, Zomite ii nasep khempeuh min dangin kiciamteh pahpah ding ahi hi. I tangthu mangcip suak taktak ding ahi hi. Mi tampitakte in, nopsak ding, nek khak ding, khantoh ding, hamphat bek ngaihsun uh ahih manin, lunggim leh buai liang, thu nawngkai liang aa Zomi hihna gen ding leh Chin hong kicih nial ding ngaihsunlo uhhi. Tuabang dan mi 181 a tamlai manin, tu ciang dong Zomi cih sangin Chin in hong kitheizaw lai ahi hi. Khantohna cih pen minam cih tawh a tonkhop kei aa leh, a nennen-in namdang tuamtekah kithehthangin mangcip thei ahi hi. Chin tawh leitung in hong theisa cilo aa Zomi tawh hong kithei nailo ahih manin, ci aa hong kitheihna ding hanciam ding hizaw ahi hi. [Kum za cin] Cope topa’ Zogam tun leh Zolai Cope topa’ Zogam tun kum 100 cin pen 2010 kum ahi hi. Tedim khuapi ah pawipi bawl theihna ding phalna pen Myanmar kumpite tung nget kul ahi hi. Tua ciangin, phalna ngahna dingin, Zolai kum 100 cingta cih paulap tawh kingen ahi hi. A taktakah Zolai hong bawlsak pa Zogam tun kum 100 cin pawi ahi hi. 2013 ciangin, Zolai kumza cin pawi nopci takin mun tuamtuam ah kibawl ahi hi. Lai lam thuhilhna paunak tuamtuamte - An neekna in pumpi khangsak aa, laibu manpha simna in ngaihsutna khangsak hi._jerremy Collier - Bang laisim na hiam cih hong genin, kua na hiam cih hong gen ning. Bang lai dante simkikzelzel na hiam cih hong genin, bang na hiam cih hong gen ning._Francois Mauriac - I lungsim adingin laisimna tawh an piakzelzel kul hi._Henry Miller - Kammal zakhat, laimal malkhat._Kawl paunak (Burmese proverb) 182 - Khat ii laigelh om suakin, khat ii kampau zuau kibehlap._Netherlands paunak - Lai omlo nuntakna-in a si hi._Latin paunak - Laibu a kawm'pa pen mihai hi-in, a piakik pa pen haizaw lai hi._Arabic paunak - Laibu haizan masaloin valh suk ding pen cidam huailo hi.)_Germany paunak - Laibu hoih nasim ciangin, laimai tawpna na tun teh, lawm hoih khat a khah suah bangin na ki-ngaihsun kha ngei hia?_Paul Sweeney - Laibu hoih, laibu manpha simlo khatin, laisim theilo khat sangin a theihna tamzaw tuanlo hi._Mark Twain, attributed. - Laibu hoihte pen, lam-etna tawh kihongin, hamphatna tawh kikhup hi._Amos Bronson Alcott - Laibu I cihin, bangbang hita leh ngaihsutna tampi luanna zeu hi._Abraham Lincoln - Laibu in I lungkiatna ding panin tha hong pia aa, I maingalna dingin ngaihsutna hong guan hi._Jeremy Collier - Laibu in lungsim sihna ding panin hong dal hi._Bovee - Laibu khat a tuamna tawh hoihding hoihlo ding khentat theilo hiteh._U.S. paunak - Laibu khat I sim thak pen, lawm thak bawl hi-in, tua laibu mah I simkik leh I lawmlui tawh kimu Ihi hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) - Laibu kikhupcip pen, khuak kikupcip hi pah hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) 183 - Laibu mei ah a haalte pen hai mahmah uhhi. Laibu a simlote pen hai penpen uhhi._Joseph Brodsky - Laibu omlohna inn pen, tawllet (window) omlohna inn tawh kibang hi._Heinrich Mann - Laibu omlohna khan (room) pen, kha (soul) a neilo pumpi tawh kibang bek hi ci hi._ Mascus Tulius Cicero - Laibu omloin nungta thei keng ci hi._ Thomas Jefferson - Laibu pawlkhat pen ciap ding, pawlkhat pen valh ding, pawlkhatte pen haizan dikdek ding ahi hi._Francis Bacon - Laibu pen mitphial lak theihna ai neu kieukeau tawh kibang hi._Stephen King - Laibu pen, a dai hithiat pen, lawmkip penpen, hong telkhial theilo pen leh ngaihsutna hoih hong pia penpen, a lungduai thuhilh sia khat ahi hi._Charles W.Eliot - Laibu pen, huan hoih mahmah khat ipsungah I puak tawh kibang hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) - Laibu pen, inndim aa kikoih kham manpha a tawi tawh I kibang hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) - Laibu thak khat hong kibawlkhiat aa leh, a luipen sim masa in._Samuel Rogers - Laigelh siamte, Lapaugelh siamte leh vok pen a sih khitciangin, a man neih lam, a kiphatnate kimu pan hi._Italy paunak - Laigelhgelhna tawh laigelh kisin mah hoih pen hi._Piantit paunak (France proverb) 184 - Laisim ii hoihna tampi pan khat pen, midang khat ii ngaihsutna tawh ut hunhunin, a kimawlmawl thei nahi hi._Dr. SunWolf - Laisimna pen lungsim khuak ngaihsutna ading, kimawlna pen pumpi ading._Richard Steele, Tatler, 1710 - Laisimsim khat nial sawm ngei kei-in._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) - Laisimte pen nam 2 in ka khen hi. A laisim a mangngilh mi leh a ciamteh mi cih ahi hi._William Lyon Phelps - Maida tawh kibawl moh pen lim hi. Khuaizu tawh meh lehang limzaw lai hi. Laisim pen lungsim adingin tuate sangin limzaw lai hi._John Ruskin - Makaite pen laisimte hi. (Leaders are readers)_Unknown - Meitang nuai ah, khatkia tu-in, laisim pen, a kimu theilo thu ngaihsun theite tawh kihona hi aa bangmah tawh teh theih hilo hi._Kenko Yoshida - Mipilte a kam uh tamloin, a laigelh uh tam hi._Italy paunak - Mipilte in laibu tampipi a sim kawmin, a ma nuntakna zongh kisim uhhi._Lin Yutang - Na heh ciangin, na heh laitak A pan Z dong sim sukin._U.S paunak - Nasim nop mahmah laibu khat, a om nai kei aa leh, nang gelh tawm pahin._Toni Morrison - Ni thum sung laisim loin om khitciang, kampauna ah a manpha peuhmah omlo._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) 185 - Pasian a neite leh laibu a simsimte pen, lawm neilo kici theilo hi._Elizabeth Barrett Browning - Pasian pen laibu bawlte tungah lungdam ding hi. Banghanghiam cihleh laibu pen, a si sate ii ngaihsutna, a kiza theilo thugenna aw, a kimu theilo khate leh mihingte kikal gamlapi pan hong kizomsak ahihman hi._W.E. Channing - Siate si, laibu nungta suak._Netherlands paunak - Tanglai mipilte leh tulai mipilte tawh na kimai-ngap mahmah nop leh, laibu le'ng dimvum liang aa kikoih na sim hamtang kul hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) - Thu ciamteh thei mahmah khat ii khuak sangin, a kitel zongh a kitel nawn mello aa kigelh lai khatin uphuaizaw hi._Sen paunak (Chinese proverb) Kammalhoih pawlkhat .............. itin, ................... itlo 01. Gensiatna tawh itin, thapiakna tawh itlo 02. Thapiakna tawh itin, panpihna tawh itlo 03. Panpihna tawh itin, lam-etna tawh itlo 04. Lam-etna tawh itin, sep nopna tawh itlo 05. Sep nopna tawh itin, sep ngamna tawh itlo 06. Sep ngamna tawh itin, sup ngamna tawh itlo 07. Sup ngamna tawh itin, sih ngamna tawh itlo 08. Sih ngamna tawh it napi-in, thuak ngamna tawh itlo 186 09. Ngahbeh (ngahkik) nading tawh itin, patkhiatna tawh itlo 10. Pat khiatna tawh itin, piak khiatna tawh itlo 11. Min hoih (kiphat) nading tawh itin, dai ngamna tawh itlo 12. Vaihawm siamna tawh itin, zuih nop huaina tawh itlo 13. Hanthotna tawh itin, sepkhiatna tawh itlo 14. Makaihna tawh itin, khantohna dingin itlo 16. Lampi om ciang itin, lam-et beiciang itlo 17. Mite’ muan ciang itin, mi’ zolloh ciang itlo 18. Ahunzui aa itin, thuman thutak (citakna) tawh itlo 19. Pilna, theihna tawh itin, veina takpi tawh itlo 20. Veina takpi tawh itin, kineihna tawh itlo No. 20 na ciang, na tun zawh dong, na ngaihsutnate picing sakin. Agen: Tg. Lian Than Tuang (LT Tuang) Thuhoih ciaptehhuai 01. Ka thu theih khat om aa, tua-in bangmah ka theih hetlohna thu ahi hi. 02. Laigelhte pen mihing' lungsim abawlbawl engineer-te ahi hi. 03. A hoih pen ding aa hun a zanghte' a dingin hun valmawk om theilo hi. 187 04. Mi khat a dingin pilna in lawmhoih pen hi aa, haina in a sia huai pen gal ahi hi. 05. Laibu hoih I sim khempeuh pen kum zalom tampi lai aa mipil tampite tawh kihona nam khat ahi hi. 06. Nuntak haksatna sungah mipilte in noptuamna a ngahna uh pen, laibu pan ahi hi. 07. Na sih khitteh hong kimangngilh pah ding, na utkei aa leh, a sim tak ding lai ngelhin. Ahih keileh zongh, a gelh tak ding nasemin. 08. Laibu pawlkhatte pen haizan dikdek phot ding kisam hi. 09. Laisimna in mi cingtak khat hong suah aa, holimna in a baihsa-in hong koih hi. Laigelhna in mi taktak hong suaksak hi. 10. Laigelh siam na suah nop leh, simsim inla, gelhgelhin. 11. Mipilte in "Banggen leng kilawm ding" cih ngaihsun khol uh aa, mihaite in a nungciangin bangteng gen kahiam ci-in ngaih sunkik uhhi. 12. Zawhna khempeuh lak pan ei leh ei kizawhna-in alian pen zawhna ahi hi. 13. Pilna sinloh sangin mihing khat aa piang dah vet lehang hoihzaw kha thei ding hi. Banghanghiam cihleh, thu theihlohna pen kamsiatna zungpi himawk hi. (Hihmun ah: sanginn bek ah pilna om cih a hihloh pen phawk kawm huai) 14. Siate in kongkhak hong uh aa, a sungah bel nangmah ngiat na lut kul hi. Amah leh amah adingin atawm' (a la/a 188 ngah/a zong/a nei/a kan/a mu) zo mi pen leitungah mi thahat penpen ahi hi. 15. Pasian muangin la, na thauvui/thautang zongh thunsain koihin. 16. Thu lianpipi piang I cihte pen I thusim' kholloh hunlem nonote pan kipan thei hi. 17. Mihingte gamtatna pen a lungsim uhin, a theih nadingin ahoih pen hilhcianna ahi hi. (Thuak/tuak ciang thei) 18. A thak ngaihsut muhnate pen atamzaw ki-umlo aa, kilangpan thei lai hi. Tua pen thudang hang hilo aa, mitam in thei nailo ahihman ahi hi. (tam in hong san zawhloh sim, lungkiat pahpah ding hi peuhmahlo hi.) 19. Tuitak ciauciau in zongh sawtsawt leh suangtum nangawn ne zo hi. 20. Tuni aa zawh theih ding na khat peuh pen zingciang adingin siit (koih) kha kei-in. 21. Khialhpah luan se sangin nihvei dot ding (dot kikkik ding) hoihzaw hi. Ciaptehhuai bek hiloin, zuih theihte zuih pah ding zongh ahi hi. Ngaihsutna zatui - Ngaihsun khollopi aa kampau pen, ngimna mel neilo aa thal mawk lotlot galtai ding pa tawh kibang hi. 189 - Zi hoih na muhna dingin, numei hoih zong masa kei-inla, Pasal hoih hi masa hi. Pasal hoih na ngahna dingin, numei hoih hi masa-in. - Kamphatna tawh a lawhcing kha mi om sam aa, ahi zongin, a tamzaw pen hanciamna tawh lawhcing uhin, sawtvei khomzaw thei lai uhhi. - Numei pil in koici it siam aa, bangci ngaihbawl ding cih thei uhin, a pilzaw laite in, kuateng it aa kuateng ngai ding cih zongh thei beh uhhi. - Na nuntakna sungah thupha in mun a ngah theihna dingin, thusia teng hemkhia masa-in. - Mite in hong muhloh laitak aa na omzia pen, na hihna taktak ahi hi. - Muh kholhna neilote pen mittaw mah hi lel uhhi. - Dam sawt ding kiut tek aa, ahi zongin, kua mah a tek ding kiutlo hi. - A hun zui-in, kum kitam toto aa, a thu zui-in kipicing toto hi. - Laisim thei napi, laibu hoih a sim ngeilote pen, laisim theilo aa lai a sim ngeilote tawh, lai a simlo tuaktuak ahih man un, akibang hi lel uhhi. - Paulap haute, hih theih ding hau khollo uhhi. - A khialhna, mawhsakna gen theih ding a om khollote pen, sepna lian taktak mel a neih nailoh man hi kha thei hi. - A mi na muhdah manin, a thu nial kei-in la, a thu na nial manin, a mi muhdah kha kei-in. 190 - Mailam manawhin pai hamtang ding na hih ciang, na mailam hun ding geel kholhna nei in. - Na theih peuhpeuh gen pahpah kei-in la, na gen peuhpeuh thei tel mahmahin. - Khialh ding lau aa bangmah kipan ngamloin na om pen, na khialh masak penpen hipah hi. - Gensiatna lel khawng na zaakdah leh, gensiat tak lai mah nahi hi. - Hai lam kitheihna in pilna nam khat hi. Theihloh lam kitheihna in, theihna nam khat ahi hi. - Sawm khia limlim phawtin, na lawhcing kei zong, pil tuam ding hiteh. - kipiakhiatna dingin, mi thupi hih masak kullo aa, mi thupi hihna dingin, kipawlkhiat masak kul hi. - Tampi theihna bek pen pilna hilo aa, theih sunsun zatsiamna zongh pilna mah ahi hi. - Hun pen, a khonkhongin, I ngah hi aa, ahi zongin, manpha hi. Neih theih hilo aa, I zang thei bek hi. Kep theih hilo aa, I zeek theih bek hi. Khatvei I mansuah pen, khantawn a mansuah I hi pah hi. - Thei in, na theih kei leh, a theite gen hoih takin ngai in, a theite gelh hoih takin sim in. - Laisim ngeilote pen, innpua pah pialkhia ngeilo, khuadak ngeilote tawh kibang uhhi. - Tuzawh kum pawlkhat khitciang, nasep sate na kisik sangin, na sep khakloh na kisik tamzaw thei ding hi. 191 - Limlang pen, mittawte adingin, a manphatna a omloh mah bangin, laibu zongh, mihaite adingin, a manphatna omlo hi. by Chanakya - Lai lam a kinlo, minam/gam pen kiam suk lam a manawh minam/gam ahi hi. By Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and politician. - Theihna bek pen phazolo n I zat khiat kul hi. Utna bek pen phazoloin, I sepkhiat kul hi. Limtang (video) en dingin, mi tampitakin a etna hallpi (cinema) ah pai uhhi. Tua ciangin, a limtang lak dingte in laklo uh aa, “tuni limtang nong et ding uh pen, screen tungah lakloin, a tangthu-in lai aa na sim ciat vo” ci-in laibu khat tek khawm hi ci. Limtang en ding aa a paite lungkim dingin na um hiam? Mi tampitakin tua limtang en nuamin sum nangawn pia ahih hangin, tua limtang ii tangthu pen a lai in sim ding ci leh, sum pia in en ding cih tahdah, a mawkna-in zongh a sim nuamlo pen tamzaw kha lai ding hi. Laibu bawlte ii haksatpina khatin mipite laisim nuam a tamloh mahmah ahi hi. ☺ 192 Lapau (Lapau pen hih a nuai aa bangte hi-aa, lakam pen lamal lak aa kihelte ahi hi.) 1/10. COPE BANZAAL Khimkhuabang zing Zogam lei ah Ei di'n Sian hawm zingni hong taang Simlei itna zatam lai ah Cope hong itna lian lua ngiat sa'ng Gualtawh tanbang I kim thihna Zolai hong guan Cope banzaal hi Sianmang Zeisu mel I muhna Ciin a pha bel Cope banzaal hi Lambang paaklo kuata om diam Lungtup tuibang tunna hi ae Zomi Zota'n I ngilh thei diam Sinlung kikhat lawngkhat ni ae Hongkai gawmtuah Cope Topa hi Hong kiit sa Cope Topa hi Asuut: TP Thawnpu 193 2/10. KA TUUNNU Sim leitung ah ka it ngaih pen Hong deihsak bel hong it ngai pen Mimbang pianna sen Tuunnu hi... Sinlung' thuakna hong theihsiam pen Lunglauna teng meibang thengsak Zaitha sanna ka tuunnu hi Sim leitung ah a ngaihbang pen Tumbang guai in teek mah zong leh Pakbang etlawm ka Tuunnu hi Sim leitung ah ngaih pen khuum pen Itna tong tawh bawi aw, tawng aw Ci'n hong sam den ka Tuunnu hi. Asuut: Thang P. Thawn 194 3/10. HONG IT KA ZUA Theibang sen lai, zua' lim nuam sa'ng Lungkham theilo kiilbang khangkhia Lenpih gual tawh tanbang kim na'ng Siansin thugil anbang hong muam.. Lungmawl vontawi vabang pil na'ng Siambang sin ding lambang hong pi Kisam sesum theihloh vanglaa sak leh khang ah lambang va zong... Momno vontawi mubang ngaih man Sinkham lungkham gentheih nat tuak ka lungngaih ciang Zua aw nang' din Sian mun mimbang hong thuumsak ing... Sian in lumbang hong sungh henla Sinlungnuam in khankum sawt in Na vondeih in nong itna hai Ningbang hong leh nuam ing Zua aw... Asuut: TP Thawnpu 195 4/10. ZUAPA ITNA Zuapa itna'n khentuam neilo Hoih man genloh tuisik bekin Mimbang kapian hong theih ciil in Hong itna lian Mabang pan maw... Zuapa itna'n zu ham ci lo Zingni suah sial vai lo kuan in Gilkial dangtak gimpi tawlpi'n Kei' di'n tukawl paakbang tawi maw... Zuapa itna'n pham nat sial lo Tongsan theihloh singta gam ah Zing leh nitak, zu ham nuai ah Kei' di'n sesum lambang zong maw... Zuapa itna'n gim tawl omlo lungdeih thaikawi vontawi aa di'n Nat leh sat thuak haksat tuak in Cintuiguh kang liang in sem maw... Zuapa itna'n muanlah omlo 196 Thaikawi, von leh limbelh zuapa Lailung khaubang hual in muang naaBangkua itna phuhbang kho maw... Zuapa itna'n lampial pihlo Sinthu dik tawh nunzia lamlak Etteh pha bel gamtat in lak Vontawi nunzia lambang sial maw... Zuapa itna'n tel zawh baihlo Nuntak thugui lambang lak ae Khangcing sem leng tel nuam sem ae Zuapa mah in thei siam ei maw... Asuut: TP Thawnpu 197 5/10. GAM VANGLA PAN VONTAWI AWNEM Mubang kong ngaih Tuun leh zua aw Zo len tangbang na dam nam aw Von' tongdamno na sang ve aw... Mataw Tuun aw lungzuang ei maw Lenna vangla, la si ae maw Saulim gambang dai si'n cia maw.... Siansiam vondeih na tawi buang aa Phui guabang dawn, dawnsuang ding aa Sawlbang hei aw lai ah na sa'ng Heh veilo aw, Tuun Zua aw ae Na vondeih in hanlungciam ae Sian in lumbang sung ding hi ae... Honuam siam leng singlung tai ding Hinkum nuam in khankum sawt ding Dawnbang tuah ding haibang ngak la'ng Asuut: Thang P. Thawn 198 6/10. NISIM NUNZIA Phalvak buh-al hong khuang ngeungeu Ansu kihkih, tui tawi keih keih An hawp lualua bawm pua kheukheu Vailo zuan in pai suk leihleih Tungsunni in hong el vengvang Tukawl tawi in lokho kehkeh Zu va beng in kutsan vengvang Ankung khang leh nuam lua tehteh keel an khop in ciah to kengkeng Huihkhi hong laang din khawl dingdeng Vaimim ciim khing sasak lengleng Kisil sitset uum pah tingteng Khuamial hanhan kha' taang ciai ciai It leh ngaih tawh khawl khawm liai liai Asuut: TP Thawnpu 199 7/10. BANGZAH ETLAWM ZOGAM Galkhua don leng, mim na dikdial Paak zatam te palhkhia zihziah Kuivum zem in muikai zilzial gunkuam lummei kisung mihmiah Huihkhi damvot honglang hiauhiau Singkung lopa dum eng silsial Pengpelep te hong khuang ciauciau Zokhuva te tuang khawm hiilhial Zolengthe zongh hong khuang ciaiciai Biakinn dim in tukhawm diimdiam Sian min phatna ki-awi ziaiziai Nop leh dah ciang' khawlkhawm dimdiam It leh ngaih te khawlnga Zogam Bangzah in etlawm pianna Zogam Asuut: TP Thawnpu 200 8/10. KIPHATSAK PIH Mi kimkhat te'n pilna huahna beh leh phung te kiphatsak pih kei ka hih leh vaphual limlak thuman citak kiphatsak pih mi kimkhat te'n US, Dollar Mangpau Gamdang kiphat sakpih Kei ka hih leh Zogam Zomi Zolai Zopau Kiphatsak pih Asuut: Zogam Paupu 201 9/10. VANG NGAIH PEN Laikhun tung pan khangtheilawh ciang Lailung geel pat nang mah na hi Laikhun tung pan maimit singciang Lailung geel tawp nang mah na hi Na sakmel lawm melmuh bek zongh Kei di'n lungdam lungtaina lian Gual di'n sialbang nalianlo zong Kei di'n zanghui saibang limlian Sim leitungah nang bang ka ngaih Ka ngaih vangvang pian a om diam Sim leitung ah kei bang hong ngai Hong ngai vangvang pian a om diam Lia nang mah bek kei lunggulh pen Sunsawt lungngaih vang ngaih penpen Asuut: TP Thawnpu 202 10/10. To.... Ka lawm Kum khua kiveivei mah zongh leh Heina peuh ah sinlai phawng den Kasap hun in tong kong kup ciang Sinlung kong hong, banzaal nong len Lungdeih sunmang lungtup tun na'ng Sinlung hianglo nong kop pih den Sinlung mang in lailung zuan ciang Lam khat peuh tawh vabang nong leng Sepkhialh bawlkhialh ka neih hun ciang Lambang nong lak ka khialhna teng I lam khop sa itna kip teng Ciik tak suut khia, suut khia nuam la'ng Itluat lawm aw na phawk nam aw kei ading in bangzah na lian Asuut: TP Thawnpu 201 Ngai Zopau (Khiatna kibang/kinai – kammal kibanglo) Vau Synonyms Taw'ng, Phin, Do, Hehssak, Galbawl, Dembawl, Sinso sak, Langpan, El, Elbawl Antonyms Pawlbawl, Kilem, Kipawl, Zawn, Kithutuak, Kithukim Synonyms It, Hoihsa, Deih, Paakta, Zahtak, Ngaihbangsa Antonyms Hua, Siasa (Hoihsalo), Mudah, Deihlo, Paaktaklo, Zahtaklo, Ngailo, Ngaihbangsalo, Ensan _____ Citak Synonyms Kuhkal, Hanciam, Hahkat _____ Antonyms Dik Zulh, Zulhtat, Thadah Synonyms _____ Thudik, Thunem, Thunuam, Thukhual, Lungduai, Lungsau, Picing, Cingh, Gi (Migi) Antonyms Gilo (Diklo), Sintom, Lungtom, Ngongtat, Lauhuai, Gamhtat _____ Mehthuk Synonyms Methua, Fazan, Piadi, Bokboon Antonyms Mehkha _____ 202 Zasan Tua Synonyms Synonyms Kawlsing, Maza, Malta Antonyms Tu, Zia Cikhum _____ Mate Synonyms Mataw, I zaw, Nacina, Nacihia Antonyms Hih _____ Den ciang Synonyms _____ Zoteh, Zociang, Dan ciang, An ciang, Denteh, Dentakteh Mangpha Antonyms Synonyms Tun, Tulaitak, Tumahmah Mangfa _____ Antonyms Gen Mangsia Synonyms _____ Soi, Ngen, Son Ciah Antonyms Synonyms Dai, Paulo, Hamlo, Genlo, Ngenlo, Sonlo, Soilo Kal, Cia Antonyms Pai, Pei _____ _____ 203 Mahmah Zopau Synonyms Synonyms Mamah, Cip, Lua, Lei, naak Zoham, Zokam _____ (Ham suo, Kamtam kei oo, Pau kei oo) Mengmeng _____ Synonyms Hivak Memeng, Vaseuh, Kinawh, Manlang, Saisai, Kin Synonyms Antonyms Ziakai, Damdam, Duakduak, Daldal _____ Hehpihna Synonyms Hehsuahna, Hehsuakna _____ Bang ae Synonyms Ai ze, Aici ze, Bangci ae _____ Hi-inteh, Hivaa, Hitaw, Himahvak, Himavaa, Himataw, Himahinteh Laigelh Synonyms Lai-at, laikui, laisuai, laikhen (A hunzui-in kammal zat kikhel aa a mun leh a thuzui-in kizangh kawikawi hi.) Gtn. Computer khen, laigelh, lai-atpipa, cbd… _____ 204 Uiphuk Synonyms Ukeng, Ulol _____ Tu Synonyms Khung, To Antonym Ding _____ Siang Synonyms Sieng, Thiang Antonyms Nin _____ Adang tampitak om lai ahi hi. Zomite in zongh namdangte bangmah aa, kammal kibanglo khiatna kibang/khiatna kinai cih a nei lua Ihi hi. Tua ahih manin, pau leh ham, awsuah awkaih tawm kilamdanna hang tawh, kituam ngaihsut, kidang bawl khak ding hi peuhmahlo ahi hi. “Zopau khat bek om” cih thulu, hih laibu sung aa pen, pelloin nasimh masak ding ka lunggulh uhhi. Hih laibu pen, laksim sangin, abaanbaan aa dalkhat khit dalkhat, thulu khat khit thulu khat, sim lehang, thu leh late kitel theizaw ding ahi hi. Laibu ii deihnate kilangkhiazaw ding ahi hi. Lungdam mahmah 205 [Ciamnuih] Cimphawng Zolai sin kawm (1) US kumpi pa'n ah "Ko US te khapi tung ah kah masapen" a cih vial aa leh Myanmar kumpi pa'n ah "Ko ni tung ah kah ding" cikik giap. US kumpi pa'n ah "A cih zuazen, ni tung ah hileh a sa lua sam ke" Myanmar kumpi pa: "Ko maw, khualmial ciang, ni a satloh laitak aa pai ding" ci-in dawngkik hi. Note: Kumpi pa'n (kampau), Kumpi pa in (laipau) (2) Papi khatin, a tapa kiang, na sam na meet aa leh I mawtaw hong zanghsak pan ding ci. Tua ciang aa a tapa in, "pa aw, Moses te, Abraham te leh Topa Zeisu na-ngawn in zongh a sam uh a sausak lel vevua" a cihkik aa leh, a pa'n ah, "hi mah ei, a mau zongh mawtaw zangh ngei kei uhin, nang zongh zangh nawn kei pah oo" cikik ziau hi. Note: Laigual patna ah laimal golin gelh ding. "Papi", "Tua ciang" leh min malgawm patnate ah "Moses, Abraham, Zeisu", tua pan, Pasian ii hihna leh neihna tawh kizom 206 limlim zongh a golin gelh hamtang ding. "Topa" Gtn. "Lawm aw, Pasian in a Mah a ummi te thupha pia hi." (Lawm, Pasian, Mah), “te” midang/nadang a tam genna ah “uh” cih in zui ding. A sam uh a sausak lel vevua… (3) Pasian adingin, ni 1 pen, mihingte adingin kum 300 bang hici. Pasian adingin pek khat pen mihingte ading aa then 300 bang hici. Tua ciang aa mikhat in Pasian kiang ah "Pasian aw, na pek khat bekbek hong pia ziau ve" a cihleh, Pasian in zongh "ni khat bekbek na ngak pak oo leh" cikik hi. (Kum 300 na ngakin a cihna) Note: "in" zatna mun pen, a sem a bawl, a pau, ahih (mi ahihlohhang’ na khat peuhpeuh/subject) cihte ahih leh "in" pen a tuamin kigelh aa, tualo ciang "in" pen a mai aa te tawh kimat hi. Vowel 2 kimat ding ahih aa leh (-) a kikal ah kizangh hi. Gtn. Laisiangtho in eite adingin hong gen zo hi. (4) Kikhopna khat ah, mikhat in hunpi kipat sim, tui hai khat ta dawn masa den hi. Tua ciang aa a lawmte in "nipini sim hici den veteh aw" acih vua leh, "sivuan pa'n ah na ihmut ding sim, tui hai khat ta dawnin hong ci ahih ciang aa hi ae" cikik hithiat hi. Note: ong (kampau), hong (laipau) 207 (5) Papi khat in a zikiang ah, “i veng aa zukhamkhampa kiman ci” acih leh, a zi in "ka upmawh mah hi" cikik. A pasal: "Banghang aa ummawh nahia?" A zi: "zu a khamsim kitom den mawk hiven". I inn nung aa khualzinpa zongh hong tung kikta. A zi in "ka upmawh mah hi" kikik leuleu. A pasal: "Banghangin ummawh nahia?" A zi: "a zi phawk mahmah ding cih ka theihsa hiven" Khat khit khat, a gen bangbang, ka upmawh mah hi vive cikik den ahih ciang aa, a pasal in, "i inn nung aa sakolno van ah leng" a cihleh, a zi in, "ka upmawh mah hi" ci veve. Tua ciang aa, a pasal in a zi samin "hiah, en oo, ka upmawh mah hi na cih sakolno pen van ah leng kei lua ei, lopa ne in buai mahmah ei" ci-in a lu kieu suk. Tua ciang aa, a zi in "ka upmawh mah hi" ci leuleu. A pasal: "tua na, bang ahia na upmawh" a cihleh, a zi in, "khatvei teiteiciang, tua dan aa kalu hong kieu ding cih ka upmawh mah hi" cikik hi. Note: "Papi", "ummawh", "upmawh", "pasal", "teitei", "sakol", "khualzinpa", "zukhamkhampa"noun/van/kammal khat word/malgawm khat (6) Naupang khat awng baba-in thungen, "Topa aw, mehlim hong pia oo. Topa aw, a pua lam ah tukpeng hong kimawlsak oo" a ci-in, a u in, "banghang awng baba na hia, Pasian a bil-ngonglopi" a cihleh, a nau in "Pasian a bilngongloh hang' I pi a bilngong hiven" cikik hi. Note: Naupang (word 1, malgawm 1), baba-in (malgawm 1, "-" zangh; awsuah 2, vowel kizom) 208 (7) Mikanggam, ansai khat ah, lawmta nih saitu, khatpa bel English pau siam, a khatpa bel Zopau bek siam. Saingakte'n English pau siam phalo pa kiangah dong masa. Tua pa'n "Yes" leh "No" bek thei. Anne ding ahilo, nasep zongh cih zongh om thei ahih ciang aa, "Anne ding aa hong pai maw?" ci aa a dot leh, "ken yes leh no bek thei, koi ka zangh masazaw tam" ci-in, a ngaihsut khitciang "No" ci. Tua ciang aa, a lawm English pau siam pen dong leuleu. Tua pa'n "yes" ci-in, tua pa bek an kipia, "no" a ci pa'n nek ding ngahlo. Tua ciang aa, ka lawmpa'n yes a cihleh ngah ahih ciang ken zongh yes cita ding ci-in ngaihsun. Saingakpa'n dong leuleu. "an nelo taktak ding maw" ci-in, lawm'an "yes" ci suk pah lian dan aive. Note: "Zopau, English pau". Namdang lai limlim tawh Zolai I kop ciang, tua namdang lai pen a hibangbangin a tuam vivel aa gelhin Zolai tawh matlo, gawmlo ding. Gtn. Zomite, Sente pen Zomite, Chinese te cih ding ahi hi. (8) Tangval khat in, nungak khat zuizui ahih ciang aa Nungaknu'n: zudawn maw? Tangvalpa'n: dawnlo. Nungaknu: zatep maw? Tangvalpa: teplo 209 Nungaknu: numei lam na pui hia? sum kikhap khawng, a hilolo na uuk hia? Tangvalpa: numei zongh nang bek, kikhap khawng hoihlopi, uuklo. Nungaknu: tua leh nang a hoihlo khat zongh hihlo dan maw leh? Tangvalpa: 1 bek hi. Nungaknu: tua pen bang? Tangvalpa: zuaukhem thei bek. (zudawnlo, zateplo a cihte zongh a khemna vive) Note: "lo" cih pen, a mai aa lai malgawm tawh kimat den ding. (9) Nipini zingsang khat, a nu'n a tapa phongphongin "thota oo, kikhop pai hun mahmah ta ei, lap kei ni cei" a cihleh, a tapa in "kei kikhawm nuam nawng keng" cikik hi. Tua ciang aa a nu'n ah "bangbangin maw?" ci. A tapa'n, "biakinn ah kei hong kideihlohpi, ken zongh a mau ngai tuan khang" a cihkik aa leh, a nu'n "nang a pastor penpen na pai kei taakin" ci'n phong teitei hi. Note: "kik" cih laimal pen, a mai aa laimal tawh kimat den ding. “zaw” theizaw/baihzaw, “ciang” tua hun ciang, kong paiciang. 1, 2, 3 cihte tawh bel matloh dingin hoihzaw hi. 210 (10) Tuipeek pen cidamna dingin hoihmahmah hi. Cidamna ding ahih naak aa leh I sih lawh zongin tuipeek kisin ding himailo dia :D Cartoons 211 Maan manpha pawlkhat Rev. J.H. Cope topa' minkuih 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 Sources leh References Sources (dotte): - Lia Niang Theih Kim –Kimnu (Momno journal editor) Pu Lang Suan Thawn (Zolai Revival thu vaihawm) Pu Lian Khen Pau (Executive Secretary –ZCLS) Pu Pau Pian Thang - Paul Thang (BD, ThM, ThD – Candidate) Pu Thang Sian Kham –Sia Khampeek (Tongsan pu) Rev. G.K. Nang via Pu Vung Lian Mang (ZOLUS cofounder) Rev. Job. Nang Khaw Thawng (Sia. Job Thawngno) Rev. Zam King Mang (President , Zomi Association USA –ZAUS) Tg. Cing Sian Dal (Apps developer) Tg. Khen Solomon –Lethil (Web, app developer) Tg. Sian Nun Siam –Siambawi (Zingsol journal editor) Kipsakna dingin, mailgroups tampite leh facebook groups tampite ah dotna tampi kibawl kawikawi aa theihsa/kansa thute tawh a kituak/kibat kipsakin kigelhkhia ahi hi. Maan tuamtuamte leh thu pawlkhat pen sources leh references sungah kiguanglo om ahi hi. 221 References (Etkaakte): - - - - - - About Us, UNESCO website, www.unesco.org About Us, ZIV blog, www.zokambible.wordpress.com (domain zanglo uhhi.) About Us, Zolai Dictionary website (www.zodictionary.com) British Library website, www.bl.uk Cope 98 Celebration, Oct-Nov 2008 Tedim ah Sia. Gin Sian Pau ii thugenna, 1 Nov 2008 Nitaklam Cope Topa Phawkna Laisiangtho Amawkna in Kihawmkhia, Sian Pau, Tongsan Website (www.tongsan.org) pan, 29 May 2013 Cope topa’ melmuh – Tedim Thukizakna laibu, ZCLS Endangered languages Project website, www.endangeredlanguages.com Ethnologue (a mau lai malgawm bang dandan ahi hi.), Languages of the World website, www.ethnologue.com Ethnologue (a mau lai malgawm bang dandan ahi hi.): Languages of the World, 17th 2013 Edition by Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig, Published by SIL International, Dallas, Texas, USA Hisotory of Pau Cin Hau’s Siangsawn Pasian Religious Sect, Siangsawn Model Village, 10 Feb 2013 (Sunday) https://groups.yahoo.com pan Zomi (Zonet) Group Description India ah Zomi Language & Literature Society Kiphuan, Info & Pub. Dept. –ZOLLS, Zogam Online 222 - - - - Website (www.zogamonline.com) pan, Sunday 29 April 2012 KHAM TUNG GAM A PASIAN THU LUT ZIA TAWM KHAT (Beginning of Christianity in Mizoram and Chin Hills), Rev. G.K. Nang Khamtung ah Lai le Sang I neih hun, Luan Za Cing, Sukte Chronicle IX, Laimai. 35-38 “Khamtunggam Tangthu le kiukna thu”, Kam Khua Mang Pu, Sukte Chronicle III Laimai. 19-20 Lailam thugenna, Singapore, Min Ko Naing, YouTube (www.youtube.com) ah Aung Zaw Min’ channel, 23 Jan 2013 Laisiangtho khat, labu khat, Rev. G.K.Nang, Zomi Human Rights Education Forum ah, 15 May 2010 Lei Vui Pan In, 2005 Linguistic Society of America - LSA website, www.linguisticsociety.org leh www.ogmios.org Lungdamna Aw lom 6, Hawm 2, Feb 1981, laimai 1 leh 4 Lungdamna Aw, Vo. 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