Nike Considered: Getting Traction on Sustainability

This study explains the implementation of an environmental management information system that supports the sustainability goals of Nike using the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework of Tornatzky and Fleischer. Literature review is applied to a single firm in using the TOE framework, with particular emphasis on the technological context of the framework. The use of Nike's firm level decision support systems is highlighted in this study. Suggestions are made about improving Nike's Material Sustainability Index (MSI), its key sustainability tool, which is at the heart of the firm's group decision support system tool.

2010

What is the burden upon your feet? With sales of running and jogging shoes in the world averaging a nontrivial 25 billion shoes per year, or 34 million per day, the impact of the footwear industry represents a significant portion of the apparel sector's environmental burden. A single shoe can contain 65 discrete parts that require 360 processing steps for assembly. While brand name companies dictate product design and material specifications, the actual manufacturing of footwear is typically contracted to manufacturers based in emerging economies. Using life cycle assessment methodology in accordance with the ISO 14040/14044 standards, this effort quantifies the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions, often referred to as a carbon footprint, of a pair of running shoes. Furthermore, mitigation strategies are proposed focusing on high leverage aspects of the life cycle. Using this approach, it is estimated that the carbon footprint of a typical pair of running shoes made of synthetic materials is 14 AE 2.7 kg CO 2-equivalent. The vast majority of this impact is incurred during the materials processing and manufacturing stages, which make up around 29% and 68% of the total impact, respectively. Other similar studies in the apparel industry have reported carbon footprints of running shoes ranging between 18 and 41 kg CO 2-equivalent/pair (PUMA, 2008; Timberland, 2009). For consumer products not requiring electricity during use, the intensity of emissions in the manufacturing phase is atypical; most commonly, materials make up the biggest percentage of impact. This distinction highlights the importance of identifying mitigation strategies within the manufacturing process, and the need to evaluate the emissions reduction efficacy of each potential strategy. By suggesting a few of the causes of manufacturing dominance in the global warming potential assessment of this product, this study hypothesizes the characteristics of a product that could lead to high manufacturing impact. Some of these characteristics include the source of energy in manufacturing and the form of manufacturing, in other words the complexity of processes used and the area over which these process are performed (particularly when a product involves numerous parts and light materials). Thereby, the work provides an example when relying solely on the bill of materials information for product greenhouse gas emissions assessment may underestimate life cycle burden and ignore potentially high impact mitigation strategies.

Volume 6: 15th Design for Manufacturing and the Lifecycle Conference; 7th Symposium on International Design and Design Education, 2010

Definitions of the engineering profession include “…application of scientific principles to design or develop machines, processes, works, etc.” Significant science-based content is therefore a feature of accredited engineering curricula — a feature tending to dominate the early years thereby establishing a particular learning environment. This paper 1) identifies how a dysfunctional relationship between learning of science and the practice of engineering can arise; and 2) presents ways to improve learning of both science and design through integrated science learning. Over the course of almost three decades of trying to improve engineering design learning at the University of Calgary — employing many of the approaches described at length in the engineering education literature — it became apparent that realization of our teaching goals (e.g. quality, innovation, agility, and establishing a basis for life-long learning) might require a fundamental change in the culture of learning. T...

Я служилъ въ It.... полку, квартировавшемъ въ одномъ изъ уѣздныхъ городовъ Терской области, на Кавказѣ. Въ ноябрѣ 1880 года меня прикомандировали въ Д ііѣхотный полкъ. Онъ находился въ Закасиійской области и составлялъ часть отряда, которымъ комапдовалъ генералъ Скобелевъ. Пока я покончилъ счеты съ полкомъ, гдѣ служилъ ранѣе, и заготовилъ вьюки, бурку, погребецъ и тому подобную мелочь, необходимую въ походѣ, старый годъ миновалъ и паступилъ 1881. 14 января я простился съ родными и выѣхалъ изъ города Г Выдался солнечный денекъ. Снѣгъ екрипѣлъ подъ полозьями саней, а почтовый лошади быстро несли меня но укатанной дорогѣ. Ямщикъ весело ноевистывалъ, помахивая кнутомъ. Вороны испуганно слетали съ дороги, дѣлали лѣнивые взмахи крыльями и садились на кусты и па ближайшіе курганы. По дорогѣ встрѣчались печально обнаженные кустарники боярышника; на нихъ кой-гдѣ висѣли желтые листья. За кустарниками разстилалось холмистое, бѣлоснѣжноз поле; на горизонтѣ рисовались горы; а за ихъ вершинами, сіявшими алмазною гранью, картинно опускалось ясное небо. Дорога не отличалась оживленностью. Иногда ныбѣгалъ изъ кустовъ робкій заядъ, или показывалась въ сторонѣ рыжая проворная лисица. Я предался воспомипаніямъ Въ душѣ моей возникали одна за другой картины разлуки, образы дорогихъ и нокинутыхъ лицъ. Въ нихъ отзывались звуки напутственныхъ пожслапій и рыданія.... Подъ вліяніемъ этихъ воспоминаній, мнѣ стало грустно; но ненадолго. Молодость скоро взяла свое. Надежда и даже увѣренпость, что я увижу снова все, что иокипулъ, подкрѣпили меня. Кустарники боярышника, дубы и орѣшники становились все *) Холодно. **) Хорошо.

Words Without Borders, 2024

Readers of Palestinian poetry in translation are likely to have encountered some of Huda Fakhreddine’s exquisite work online this year. She has translated some of the most urgent and resonant poems written in Arabic during the genocide, including poems by the late Hiba Abu Nada, a Palestinian poet who was killed by Israeli bombardment in Gaza in October 2023, and a quartet of poems by the great living Palestinian poet Ibrahim Nasrallah, which will be published this month in a chapbook entitled Palestinian by World Poetry Books. Fakhreddine is a preeminent scholar of Arabic literature in the US, with expertise in modernist Arabic poetry and its relationship to its ancestral tradition. Her wealth of expertise and historical understanding are immediately evident in her translations of Arabic poems, but there’s more that draws me to her work. Fakhreddine is a scholar of time, noting with precision and insight the shifts that Arab poets make in response to the upheavals in their communities and homelands, and the ensuing conversation with (and against) power and status quo in which the great poets are often engaged. On the occasion of the launch of her latest translation, Salim Barakat’s The Universe All At Once, Selected Poems (Seagull Books), I’m thrilled to bring WWB readers this conversation with her about her craft.

1.4.2 VARILLA DE 3/8" ALAMBRE DE AMARRE VIVIENDA Kg 44.72 1.1.1 VARILLA DE 1/4", PARA ESTRIBOS DE ZAPATAS Y VIGAS EN L, LONGITUD 0,95m 1.1.3 VARILLA DE 3/8", PARA ZAPATAS Y VIGAS EN L 1.1.4 VARILLA DE 3/8", PARA ZAPATAS Y VIGAS EN T 1.1.2 SUBTOTAL SUBTOTAL VIGAS DINTELES ALFAGÍAS TOTAL 1.2.1 VARILLA DE 1/4", PARA ESTRIBOS, LONGITUD 0,75 1.2.2 VARILLA DE 3/8", LONGITUD 3,00m SUBTOTAL 1.3.1 VARILLA DE 1/4", PARA ESTRIBOS 1.3.2 VARILLA DE 3/8" SUBTOTAL 1.5.1 VARILLA DE 1/4" SUBTOTAL LOSA SUPERIOR 1.6.1 VARILLA DE 3/8" SUBTOTAL VARILLAS DE REFUERZO EN BORDES DE LOSA SUPERIOR 1.7.1. VARILLA DE 1/4" 1.7.2 VARILLA DE 3/8" SUBTOTAL

Depuis trois décennies, le « barbare » a fait l’objet d’un intérêt accru. L’étude des civilisations se focalisait jusqu’ici sur les espaces plus documentés par les sources écrites, mais une attention nouvelle est désormais accordée aux mondes jugés extérieurs, aux zones de contact, aux pratiques d’échanges et aux formes de la représentation mutuelle. Le barbare apparaît aujourd’hui moins comme l’ennemi irréductible du « civilisé » que comme un autre, que l’on doit construire par des dispositifs multiples et qui s’avère nécessaire pour se définir soi-même. Deux cents spécialistes questionnent ici la création et l’exploitation de cette altérité à travers des exemples précis pris dans l’histoire mondiale et dans tous les domaines : philosophie, linguistique, sources textuelles, archéologie, histoire de l’art, lieux de mémoire, personnages historiques, droit, culture matérielle, ethnographie, sociologie, historiographie, muséographie, représentations médiatiques… Tout autant introduction historique que dictionnaire exhaustif, cet ouvrage explore, depuis l’Antiquité jusqu’à nos jours, trois mille ans d’histoire de la barbarie.

2016

Recent Archaeological Discoveries in Albania, 2013