Papers by Olufemi Omitola
IntechOpen eBooks, May 3, 2023
This study compared the accuracy and limits of Lamendin's age estimation method to age estimation... more This study compared the accuracy and limits of Lamendin's age estimation method to age estimation by subset regression analysis in a sample of Nigerian population. The research was a cross-sectional study involving 81 single-rooted teeth obtained from 45 females and 36 males between ages 20 and 90 years. Extracted teeth samples were disinfected and stored, and directly measured using a digital vernier caliper on a 16 W X-ray box. Periodontosis (P) and Translucency (T) were derived using standard formulae from the root height (RH), translucency height (TH), and periodontal height (PH). Data were managed in an excel spreadsheet, then analyzed (stratified by sex) using Lamendin's equation (Age = 0.18P + 0.42 T + 25.53) in SPSS (IBM® version 23, Armonk, USA) and Minitab® 2017 (version 18.1) best subset regression for males (Age = 6.23TH + 0.113P + 7.7) and females (Age = 14.90PH + 0.330 T À 2.12). Chisquare analysis tested the distributional deviations from actual age (using error ranges). From the analysis, 33.3% of the total population (M: 30.0% and F: 35.6%) were predicted within the suggested limit compared to 61.7% (M: 75.0% and F: 51.0%) for the best subset model. The distributional errors difference in both methods was not significant for males (χ 2 [df = 3] = 1.810, P = 0.405), females (χ 2 [df = 3] = 1.275, P = 0.528), and total samples (χ 2 [df = 3] = 4.960, P = 0.084). Lamendin's formula did not provide accurate age estimates for a large proportion of sample population. More accurate estimates were limited to age ranged between 30 and 70 years. The study recommended that further studies using a larger sample be conducted to validate the findings of this study.
Nigerian Dental Journal, 2013
Objective: Head and neck cancers are group of malignancies that affect the head and neck region. ... more Objective: Head and neck cancers are group of malignancies that affect the head and neck region. They remain a serious public health concern worldwide with more than half a million cases diagnosed annually. The prevalence and presentation vary from one region to the other. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of presentation of this lesion in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Method: Records of all histologically diagnosed head and neck cancers during the study period were retrieved from the Cancer Registry of UPTH. Information collected were age, sex, histopathological diagnosis and site of primary lesion. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 and summary statistics of frequency and central tendency were presented. Result: There were 155 patients comprising 95 (61.3%) males and 60 (38.7%) females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. The age range of the patients was 1-85 years with a mean age of 37.8±20.6. The highest incidence of HNC was found in the 40-49 (18.7%) age group while least number of patients was found in the 80-89 (2.6%) age group. Carcinomas (44.5%) was the most common malignant lesion with squamous cell carcinoma been the most common. The next most common lesions were the Lymphomas (25.8%). The neck (29.7%) was the most commonly affected site followed by the oral cavity (22.5%) while the parotid region and the larynx with 1.9% respectively were the least affected sites. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinomas were the most frequent HNC seen in our centre and the patients within the 5th decade were most frequently affected with male predominance. Common sites affected were the neck, oral cavity, eye, and the nasopharynx.
Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2018
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Nigerian Dental Journal, 2011
Method: The clinic logbook of the Oral diagnosis clinic of the Dental centre, University of Port ... more Method: The clinic logbook of the Oral diagnosis clinic of the Dental centre, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital was reviewed retrospectively over an 18-month period. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were retrieved and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 17.0. Result: There were 2,249 patients comprising 945 (42%) males and 1,304 (58%) females. The age range was 1month to 95 years and mean age, 29.9 + 16.8 years. The mean age for male was 30.4 + 17.3years and for female, 29.5±16.4 years. Based on their age, patients were categorized into children, youth, middle age and elderly. Patronage was predominantly by the youth category (age 17-40 years). The predominant pathology presented was complicated dental caries (41.1%). Traumatic injuries showed predilections for the male gender (87 males compared to 58 females). Most of the referrals were to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (825 patients) and tooth extraction (741 adults, 147 paediatric extractions) was the major reason for referral. Conclusion: In spite of the worldwide epidemiological report of its reducing incidence, dental caries and its sequelae are still the major reasons for patronage of dental health services in our environment and dental extraction is the mostly consumed treatment modality.
Port Harcourt Medical Journal, 2012
Port Harcourt Medical Journal, 2014
Background: Maintaining good oral hygiene is very important to preventing many oral diseases. A... more Background: Maintaining good oral hygiene is very important to preventing many oral diseases. Aim: To assess the oral health status of women attending ante-natal clinics at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study of attendees at the ante-natal clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Consecutive patients who gave their consent were recruited. Self-administered questionnaire was employed. Oral examination was conducted by calibrated examiners and the DMFT and SOHI scores were recorded. The data generated were analyzed using SPSS for window, version 17.0. Results: A total of 188 patients were involved in this study. Their age range was 20-42years (mean - 29.8±4.4 years) and gestational age varied from 6-40 weeks. Almost two third (63.8%) of the subjects were in the third trimester. The DMFT scores of the patients varied from 0-8 (mean- 0.66±1.4). Higher proportion of patients with secondary and tertiary education had high DMFT scores which increased with gestational age of the patients. These were not statistically significant (p values = 0.946 and 0.361 respectively). The SOHI scores of the patients varied from 0-5.9 ( mean value - 2.18±1.06). Higher proportion of patients with poor oral hygiene (2.0 and above) had primary education and was statistically significant (p value = 0.011). Also, higher proportion of patients with high SOHI score was seen with increase in gestational age (p value = 0.975). Conclusion: The caries experience and the oral hygiene status of the patients appear to get worse as the pregnancy progresses. Keywords: Oral Hygiene, DMFT, SOHI, Pregnant women
Port Harcourt Medical Journal, 2018
Background: Meeting dental care demands in poor-resource area is a challenge, both regarding pers... more Background: Meeting dental care demands in poor-resource area is a challenge, both regarding personnel and facilities, patients in rural area travel long distances to access few available clinics where sometimes treatment options are limited. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of presentation and demand for oral health services among patients attending a private dental clinic in Gombe, North East Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients seen in the company clinic (Ashaka cement) over a 3-month period (August-October 2014) was done, information extracted from case notes were age, sex, primary diagnosis and treatment. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 Summary statistics (percentage and frequency) were performed. Relationship between variables was checked with Chi-square test. Results: A total of 122 patients were seen, 65 males (53.3%) and 57 females (46.7%) with a sex ratio of 1:0.9, total mean age was 15.7 years (range 3–59 years). 41–50 years was the majority group and 51–60 years was the age group in the minority. The most common diagnoses were dental caries, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis while treatment commonly received were extraction, scaling and polishing and treatment filling. Conclusion: Dental care demand of patients in this study was as a result of dental caries, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and treatment done were mainly extractions, scaling and polishing. Access to dental care in rural setting can be improved if government open more dental clinics in these areas and make personnel available.
Medical Journal of Zambia
Introduction: Oral diagnostic sciences (ODS) comprise the subjects, oral pathology, oral medicine... more Introduction: Oral diagnostic sciences (ODS) comprise the subjects, oral pathology, oral medicine, oral radiology and the functional integration of these into the oral diagnostic services. Oral diagnostic science has peculiar challenges with learning and training in sub-Saharan Africa. Several barriers that may impede effective clinical teaching include inadequate institutional financial support and lack of access to appropriate educational space and resources. The aim of this study was to categorize challenges of learning ODS in Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross sectional survey of undergraduate dental students (UDS) and resident doctors (RDS) in dentistry in five institutions in Nigeria. The study included 286 participants comprised of 199 UDS and 87 RDS. Information about challenges of trainer, trainee and facilities was obtained by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and tests of associations between variables were determined usi...
Open Journal of Pathology
Background: Salivary gland tumours (SGTs) are rare, but recent reports suggest an increasing inci... more Background: Salivary gland tumours (SGTs) are rare, but recent reports suggest an increasing incidence. Although there are previous Nigerian studies on the patterns of SGTs, patterns and trends of disease may change over time. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of presentation of SGTs, and to determine the trends in occurrence of SGTs at Federal Teaching Hospital (FTH), Gombe over a period of 15 years. Method: This descriptive study included cases of histologically diagnosed SGTs from January 2008 to December 2022. Relevant information (age, gender, site, year of diagnosis, and histopathologic diagnosis) was extracted from the cancer registers and histopathologic records. The lesions were then categorized into benign and malignant SGTs and grouped into three groups spanning 5 years each based on the year of diagnosis. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 23, and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 93 (61.2%) benign and 59 (38.8%) malignant SGTs. Benign SGTs had a mean age of 36.4 ± 13.6 years, and were more common in females (57.0%), and in the parotid (41.9%). Pleomorphic adenoma (94.6%) was the most common benign SGT. Malignant SGTs had a mean age of 44.5 ± 18.4 years, with male predilection (54.2%) and occurrence mostly in the palate (27.6%) and parotid (22.4%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (39.0%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (32.2%) were the most frequent malignant SGTs. The mean age of occurrence of malignant SGTs was significantly higher than that of benign SGTs (p = 0.005). The trend analysis showed that there has been a steady rise in the proportion of males presenting with malignant SGTs. Similarly, there has been a steady How to cite this paper:
BackgroundSalivary gland tumours (SGT) are a relatively rare group of neoplasms with a wide range... more BackgroundSalivary gland tumours (SGT) are a relatively rare group of neoplasms with a wide range of histopathological appearance and clinical features. To date, most of the epidemiological studies on salivary gland tumours are limited for a variety of reason including being out of date, extrapolated from either a single centre or country studies, or investigating either major or minor glands only.MethodsThis study aimed to mitigate these shortcomings by analysing epidemiological data including demographic, anatomical location and histological diagnoses of SGT from multiple centres across the world. The analysed data included age, gender, location and histological diagnosis from fifteen centres covering the majority of the world health organisation (WHO) geographical regions between 2006 and 2019.ResultsA total of 5798 cases were analysed including 65% benign and 35% malignant tumours. A slight female predilection (54%) and peak incidence between the fourth and seventh decade for bo...
Objective: Odontogenic cysts are cysts derived from the tooth-forming apparatus, and are frequent... more Objective: Odontogenic cysts are cysts derived from the tooth-forming apparatus, and are frequently encountered in dental practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe the pattern of occurrence of odontogenic cysts in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) Port Harcourt, South-South Nigeria. Methods: This was a 10-year (January, 2009 to December 2018) retrospective review of histologically diagnosed cases of odontogenic cysts at UPTH. The age, gender, site and histopathological diagnosis was recorded for each case. The histology slides were retrieved and reviewed to confirm the initial diagnosis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23 software (IBM Corp., 2015). Results: Odontogenic cysts accounted for 52 (10.4%) of the total number of 499 histologically diagnosed orofacial lesions seen during the period under review. Patients age ranged from 4 to 68 years, with a mean age of 26.7 ± 14.9 years, and a peak in the third (n=19; 36.5%) decade of li...
The West Indian medical journal, 2009
This study presents a clinicopathologic review of cases of submandibular salivary gland tumours a... more This study presents a clinicopathologic review of cases of submandibular salivary gland tumours at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, over a period of 17 years. The records of all patients with histological diagnosis of submandibular salivary gland tumours at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a period of 17 years (January 1990 to December 2006) were retrospectively reviewed. Parameters studied were; age and gender of patients, symptoms and duration of symptoms, and histological diagnosis. A total of 36 patients with submandibular gland tumours were seen during the period. Male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1 (male=23, female=13). Mean age (+/- SD) at presentation was 43 (+/- 19) years (age range, 17-84 years). There were 19 malignant tumours and 17 benign ones. Pleomorphic adenoma (36.1%) was the most frequent tumours, followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (11.1%), anaplastic carcinoma (11.1%) and malignant lymphoma (11.1%). Patients with histological diagnosis of m...
Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, Jan 29, 2008
Objective: To determine the influence of age and sex on pattern of age and sex on pattern of ante... more Objective: To determine the influence of age and sex on pattern of age and sex on pattern of anterior tooth replacement. Methods: A retrospective study of 312 patients aged 10-79 years who attended the prosthetic outpatient clinic for missing anterior tooth between March – September 2000. Results:- In males the average number of anterior tooth replaced increased with the age of the patient; from 1.8 in childhood to 7.7 in the elderly. So also in females from an average of 1.5 in childhood to 8.25 in the elderly. The highest single anterior tooth replaced was observed in childhood declining to 32.9% in middle age and 8% in elderly. There was no sex difference in complete anterior tooth replacement at the different age groups. Conclusion: The total number of anterior tooth replaced increased with age while single tooth replacement decreased with increasing age. Complete anterior tooth replacement is common in the elderly, though it was not found before the middle age NQJHM Vol. 14 (1) 2004: pp. 45-48
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, Jul 22, 2014
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 2014
Background : Ameloblastoma is the most frequent odontogenic tumour reported in Nigeria. It is a s... more Background : Ameloblastoma is the most frequent odontogenic tumour reported in Nigeria. It is a slow growing locally invasive tumor which though rarely undergoes metastasis, but is clinically persistent. Aim : The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the various histopathological subtypes of ameloblastoma seen at the Oral Pathology department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and compare it with other studies in Nigeria and elsewhere. Materials and Methods : This is a five year (2008-2013) retrospective study of all histopathologically diagnosed ameloblastoma at the Oral Pathology department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. Lesions were categorized using the 2005 World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours. Results: Within the study period, there were 52 cases of ameloblastoma out of a total of 63 odontogenic tumors seen. The patients’ age ranged from 7 – 65 years with a mean age of 28.5±14.6 y...
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 2016
retrospectively studied and classified according to the 2005 WHO classification of OTs and allied... more retrospectively studied and classified according to the 2005 WHO classification of OTs and allied diseases. These were recorded into a computer and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 21.0, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: A total of sixty-three cases of OTs were recorded for the period under review. Fifty-two of these were cases of ameloblastoma (82.54%). This was followed by adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) 4 (6.35%) and odontogenic myxoma 3 (4.76%). Most lesions were seen within the second to fourth decades of life and mandible was most frequently affected. Conclusion: It is concluded that the pattern of occurrence of OTs in Port Harcourt followed a general pattern in Nigeria and other African countries but slightly differs from findings from other parts of the world.
BACKGROUND: Salivary gland tumours consist of a variety of benign and malignant lesions with diff... more BACKGROUND: Salivary gland tumours consist of a variety of benign and malignant lesions with different patterns of presentation. The pattern of presentation in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) has not been reported in English literature.OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to determine the age, gender, sites and histological types of salivary gland tumours seen in the UPTH and to compare their pattern of presentation to those reported.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of all patients diagnosed of salivary gland tumours at the Oral Pathology Department of UPTH from January 2008 to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The variables analyzed from the case notes of these patients were; the age, gender, site and histological types. RESULTS: The total number of biopsies during this period was 374 and 29 (7.8%) of patients presented with salivary gland tumours, consisting of 20 (69%) female and 9 (31%) male. The age of the patients range from 10-68 ye...
African Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geograph... more Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geographic variation has been observed in the frequency of odontogenic tumors from different parts of the world. However, there is no study on the regional variations in Nigeria. Hence, this study was designed to document the ethnic and geographical distribution of jaw ameloblastoma in Nigeria. Methods: Archival data on ameloblastoma from 10 health facilities were obtained. Global Moran's I detected geographic clustering in its distribution while Local Getis Ord indicated the location of ameloblastoma clusters. Chi-square tested associations between variables at 0.05 level of significance. Results: A total of 1,246 ameloblastoma cases were recorded in Nigeria. Besides substantial state variations, a South-North gradient was noticed in its distribution. Significant positive spatial autocorrelation was observed in the three major groups while ameloblastoma hotspots were found in the SouthWestern and Northwestern Nigeria. The Igbos had a higher prevalence of ameloblastoma outside their home region than within. Conclusion: The study hypothesized that the geographical distribution of ameloblastoma in Nigeria is the result of all or one of the following: the country's tropical climate, migration patterns and health seeking behavior. Hopefully, these claims should lead to further enquiry on the underlying causes.
Journal of Case Reports
Background: Teratoid cyst is a rare variant of dermoid cyst composed of tissues from the two or m... more Background: Teratoid cyst is a rare variant of dermoid cyst composed of tissues from the two or more germinal layers. They are seen in children and young adults, arising as a result of failure of closure of the embryonic branchial arches or migration of the germinal cells away from place of origin. Case Report: We describe a male infant with a teratoid cyst of the tongue. Conclusion: Treatment of choice in mature teratoid cyst is surgical excision.
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Papers by Olufemi Omitola