Papers by Kehinde Adebiyi
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, and Oral Radiology, Dec 1, 2013
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2021
Background Clinicohistopathologic assessment of patients with ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carc... more Background Clinicohistopathologic assessment of patients with ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma remains the best diagnostic modality for the tumors. However, in cases where the criteria for arriving at a definitive diagnosis are not clearcut, the pathologist is faced with a dilemma and thus an imperative need for adjunct diagnostic methods. Objectives 1. To evaluate/compare the immunohistochemical expression of NM23 in classical, borderline (atypical) ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma. 2. To assess usefulness of NM23 in closing diagnostic gaps between ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma. Methods Twenty-four cases of ameloblastoma (10 ameloblastoma with classical histopathologic features, 8 with nonclassical histopathology [atypical], and 6 cases of ameloblastic carcinoma) were selected from cases seen at the Oral Pathology Laboratory of the Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria. NM23 immunostaining protocol was done on the selected tissue blocks and evaluated using the Sinicrope method. Analysis was done using STATA 14. Results Positive NM23 staining was observed in all cases of ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma, with more intense staining observed in the stellate reticulum-like areas than in the ameloblast-like areas. Ameloblastic carcinoma stained intensely with NM23 (100%) compared with atypical cases (37.5%) and ameloblastoma (20.0%; P = .04). The mean aggregate score was also significantly higher in AC (11 ± 2.4; P = .01). The mean aggregate score was also significant amongst growth pattern of ameloblastoma (P = .02). Conclusions The findings in this study reveal the usefulness of NM23 in differentiating ameloblastoma from ameloblastic carcinoma; a more comprehensive study with a larger sample size is recommended to corroborate or refute the findings in this study.
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2021
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is said to be the most common malignancy affecting... more Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is said to be the most common malignancy affecting the oral cavity and squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract (SNSCC) is less common. Changing patterns have been observed in the incidence of these lesions in recent years. Objective This study aimed to determine the demographic, clinical, and histopathologic characteristics of OSCC and SNSCC in a Nigerian population over a period of 7 years (2013-2019). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, records from the archives of the Oral Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine over a period of 7 years (2013-2019) were reviewed to retrieve the age, sex, site, grade, and variant (where indicated) of cases. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). Results The prevalence of OSCC in our study was 34.5% of all oral and maxillofacial malignancies, and SNSCC accounted for 5.5%. Mean age for OSCC was 56.5 (standard deviation [SD] ±16.4) years, and that of SNSCC was 47.0 (SD ±9.23) years. These lesions were more frequent in men (63.2% and 66.7% for OSCC and SNSCC, respectively) than women. The most common site of involvement in OSCC was the tongue (28.9%). In addition, 66.7% of SNSCCs were the keratinizing type, and 75% of keratinising SNSCCs and 55.3% of OSCCs were graded moderately differentiated. Conclusions The incidence and distribution of these lesions in the light of new adaptations of cultural practices will help to identify existent patterns for diagnosis in Africans.
The Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005
Cutaneous tuberculosis may present in diverse forms. We report a case of a 21-year-old Nigerian f... more Cutaneous tuberculosis may present in diverse forms. We report a case of a 21-year-old Nigerian female with a 2-year history of an extensive ulceration and crusts on the nose and lips with almost complete obliteration of the nasal apertures. The clinical diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis was confirmed by histopathological examination of the skin biopsy specimen. She showed a favourable and rapid response to anti-tuberculosis therapy although there was disfiguring scar formation with almost complete obliteration of her nasal apertures. The importance of early recognition, histopathological examination and a remarkable response to anti-tuberculosis drugs in the diagnosis of this rare presentation of cutaneous tuberculosis is highlighted.
African Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Medicine, Jun 20, 2020
Pan African Medical Journal
Introduction: ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant odontogenic neoplasm that exhibits histo... more Introduction: ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant odontogenic neoplasm that exhibits histological features of ameloblastoma in combination with cytological atypia. It may arise de novo or secondarily through malignant de-differentiation of pre-existing ameloblastoma or odontogenic cyst. Secondary ameloblastic carcinomas often results from repeated surgical intervention, which is a mainstay of odontogenic tumor management in resource limited settings. To date, relatively few cases of ameloblastic carcinomas have been reported and many cases have been misdiagnosed as ameloblastoma. This is due to its wide range of clinicopathological feature which range from indolent to aggressive. It may present as an aggressive ulcerated mass or as a simple cystic lesion; hence, it often challenging to delineate from its benign counterpart, ameloblastoma. Methods: this study reviewed the clinicopathological data on 157 cases of odontogenic tumors diagnosed over a 10 years period from the pathology archive of the Oral Pathology Unit of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Results: of all these cases, we identified that 64.9% were Ameloblastomas, while 8.3% were ameloblastic carcinomas. Primary subtypes of ameloblastic carcinoma constituted 23.08%, while 69.23% of the cases were of the secondary subtype. We also found that the secondary subtype of ameloblastic carcinomas showed a higher mean duration value of 7.7 years. Most lesions were found in posterior mandible and presented with ulceration, perforation and ill-defined borders radiographically. Conclusion: this study is among the few that have documented higher frequency of secondary ameloblastic carcinoma in the scientific literature.
Evaluation of SOX2 as a potential marker for ameloblastic carcinoma
Background: Dental attendance is one of the core indicators of oral health evaluation and awarene... more Background: Dental attendance is one of the core indicators of oral health evaluation and awareness. Oral health has been demonstrated to be an integral component of general health, with a serious impact on quality of life and overall well-being. There are diverse reasons why patients seek dental care. Pain, bad breath (halitosis), tooth mobility, routine check-up, swelling, trauma and aesthetics are some major reasons for which patients attend out-patient dental clinic. Objective: This study seeks to determine the demographics of patients’ attendance and distribution of their presenting complaints in a Nigerian tertiary dental centre. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective observational study carried out at the Dental Centre of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria. The data was obtained from the Oral Diagnosis clinic attendance register and were those who, presented with new complaints to the Oral Diagnosis clinic, over a period of one year spanning ...
Japanese Journal of Oral Biology, 1976
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2013
ntroduction: While many report success ith microvascular free tissue transfer, few im to stratify... more ntroduction: While many report success ith microvascular free tissue transfer, few im to stratify postoperative morbidity. ostoperative complications vary from the nsignificant to the life threatening, and ay in rare circumstances result in morality. Aims: To evaluate the application of n established postoperative complicaion classification system used in general urgery to head and neck oncology patients Patients and methods: A prospective ohort study has been undertaken on a conecutive series of head and neck oncology atients that were undergoing ablative and icrovascular reconstruction surgery in a ingle maxillofacial unit. Patients treated etween August 2009 and February 2011 ere evaluated, and complications were cored based on an established classificaion system (Clavien). Results: 130 patients were evaluted and postoperative complications were raded. Severity of complications was ompared to preoperative medical comoridity, nutritional status, operative time and erioperative steroid and blood products se. Conclusions: A classification of postperative surgical complications can be pplied to head and neck cancer patients nd allows meaningful conclusions to be rawn from postoperative analytical studes. While larger patient populations still eed to be investigated, this study offers nsight to severity of complications and ow best to provide quality assurance to ur patients. Conflict of interest: None declared.
Background: Odontogenic lesions are tumours and cysts originating from the odontogenic epithelium... more Background: Odontogenic lesions are tumours and cysts originating from the odontogenic epithelium and or ectomesenchyme and its vestigies. They are a wide array of cystic and neoplastic lesions which have been seen in all age groups. There is robust knowledge on the epidemiology of odontogenic tumours in all age groups, however paediatric odontogenic tumours due to their relative rarity have not been well researched and this has led to a conspicuous paucity of literature and knowledge gap on the specific demographics of these lesions in the paediatric age group. Objectives: To assess the prevalence, age, gender and site distribution of odontogenic tumours and cysts seen at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital within the paediatric group between January 2013 and December 2017. Materials and methods: Records from the archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry over a period of 5 years (January 2013 to December 2017) were reviewed. Informatio...
Dentistry Journal, 2021
Primary osteosarcomas of the jaw (OSJ) are rare, accounting for 6% of all osteosarcomas. This stu... more Primary osteosarcomas of the jaw (OSJ) are rare, accounting for 6% of all osteosarcomas. This study aims to determine the value of SATB2 and MDM2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in differentiating OSJ from other jawbone mimickers, such as benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOLs) of the jaw or Ewing sarcoma of the jaw. Certain subsets of osteosarcoma harbor a supernumerary ring and/or giant marker chromosomes with amplification of the 12q13–15 region, including the murine double-minute type 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) genes. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is an immunophenotypic marker for osteoblastic differentiation. Cases of OSJ, BFOLs (ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia) of the jaw, and Ewing sarcoma of the jaw were retrieved from the Departments of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University and Lagos State University College of Medicine, Nigeria. All OSJ retrieved showed histologic features of high-grade os...
East African Medical Journal, 2016
Background : Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) also known as Pindborg’s tumour is a... more Background : Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) also known as Pindborg’s tumour is a relatively rare odontogenic neoplasm of epithelial derivation that constitutes about 0.4-3% of all intraosseous odontogenic tumours. Objectives : To document all cases of CEOT encountered in five tertiary centres in Nigeria and their clinical, radiologic and histologic characteristics. Design : A retrospective study. Setting : Tertiary Dental Facilities in Lagos, Ibadan, Ife, Port Harcourt and Zaria (all in Nigeria) were involved in the study. Subjects : All odontogenic tumours (OTs) in the period from 1970 -2014. Case file records and biopsy reports were retrieved from the records of the five Teaching Hospitals, to obtain age, gender, location, size, clinical symptoms, pathological reports and radiographic description. Results : Out of a total of 1369 OTs, 20 (1.5%) cases of CEOT were reported. CEOT had a male to female ratio of 1.9:1, with mandible: maxilla ratio of 1.5:1 and the most...
Background: Ectodermal odontogenic tumour is characterized by odontogenic epithelium in a matured... more Background: Ectodermal odontogenic tumour is characterized by odontogenic epithelium in a matured fibrous connective tissue without odontogenicectomesenchyme. It develops directly from odontogenic epithelial rest cells. They are the commonest group of odontogenic tumours, some may be aggressive with local invasion but they are generally benign tumours. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and distribution pattern of ectodermal odontogenic tumours at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, in other to update its tumour/ neoplastic register.Methodology: Clinico-pathologic data on 276 histologically diagnosed cases of ectodermal odontogenic tumours archived at LASUTH over a 14 yearperiod were retrieved from the oral biopsy files. Data generated were reviewed and analyzed for age, sex, type and location using the statistical package for social sciences for windows 16.0 SPSS Inc., Chicago IL. Frequency tables were generated.Results: Two hundred and seventy-six cases ...
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2005
A changing picture of oral lesions associated with HIV/AIDS has been documented. With the use of ... more A changing picture of oral lesions associated with HIV/AIDS has been documented. With the use of antiretroviral therapy, salivary gland swellings and other less common conditions associated with HIV/AIDS are now becoming more common. Our review of the literature showed the presence of parotid swelling in HIV-1 infection has increased from a range of 5-10% to 20% in AIDS. However, to the best of our knowledge, none from sub-Saharan Africa, which is the epicenter of the HIV infection and where access to antiretroviral therapy is poorest, has been primarily reported in literature. This report documents five cases of bilateral parotid gland enlargement as the presenting clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS. The combination of a fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, ultrasound imaging, and histological diagnosis increased the accuracy of diagnosis. While two patients had access to antiretroviral therapy, other modes of management were cystic aspiration and parotidectomy. One of the patients...
Pan African Medical Journal, 2019
Introduction: odontogenic tumors originate from neoplastic transformation of the remnants of toot... more Introduction: odontogenic tumors originate from neoplastic transformation of the remnants of tooth forming apparatus. There are varying degrees of inductive interactions between odontogenic ectomesenchyme and epithelium during odontogenesis, leading to lesions that vary from benign to malignant. Malignant odontogenic tumours (MOTs) are very rare and are classified according to embryonic tissue of origin. Recently, there has been a few changes to the classification of MOTs according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) classification in 2017. This study aims to evaluate and reclassify MOTs, using a multi-centre approach in some major tertiary dental hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: this study reviewed the clinicopathological data on 63 cases of MOT diagnosed over 25 years in five major tertiary dental hospitals in Nigeria. All MOT cases were reclassified according to the recent revision to the 2017 WHO classification of odontogenic tumours. Results: from a total of 10,446 biopsies of oral and jaw lesions seen at the 5 study centres over the 25-year study period, 2199 (21.05%) cases were found to be odontogenic tumours (OTs), of which 63 were MOT. MOTs constituted 0.60% of the total biopsy cases and 2.86% of OTs. Odontogenic carcinomas presented with a mean age higher than odontogenic sarcomas. According to our 2017 WHO reclassification of MOTs, odontogenic carcinomas, ameloblastic carcinomas and primary intraosseous carcinomas were found to be the top three lesions, respectively. Carcinosarcomas were found to be extremely rare. Conclusion: using a multi-centre approach is a robust way to reduce diagnostic challenges associated with rare maxillofacial lesions such as MOTs.
African Health Sciences, 2019
Background: Reactive localized hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity (RHLs) are relatively comm... more Background: Reactive localized hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity (RHLs) are relatively common peripheral lesions which present as a range of clinically similar lesions at dental centers. Diagnosis can be challenging if dentists are unfamiliar with their clinicopathological across various populations. Objective: This study reviews the pattern of distribution of RHLs of the oral mucosa in a hospital-the
African Health Sciences, 2018
Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geograph... more Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geographic variation has been observed in the frequency of odontogenic tumors from different parts of the world. However, there is no study on the regional variations in Nigeria. Hence, this study was designed to document the ethnic and geographical distribution of jaw ameloblastoma in Nigeria. Methods: Archival data on ameloblastoma from 10 health facilities were obtained. Global Moran's I detected geographic clustering in its distribution while Local Getis Ord indicated the location of ameloblastoma clusters. Chi-square tested associations between variables at 0.05 level of significance. Results: A total of 1,246 ameloblastoma cases were recorded in Nigeria. Besides substantial state variations, a South-North gradient was noticed in its distribution. Significant positive spatial autocorrelation was observed in the three major groups while ameloblastoma hotspots were found in the SouthWestern and Northwestern Nigeria. The Igbos had a higher prevalence of ameloblastoma outside their home region than within. Conclusion: The study hypothesized that the geographical distribution of ameloblastoma in Nigeria is the result of all or one of the following: the country's tropical climate, migration patterns and health seeking behavior. Hopefully, these claims should lead to further enquiry on the underlying causes.
Oral Diseases, 2018
Objectives: Accurate diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms (SGN) in many centers in Africa is lim... more Objectives: Accurate diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms (SGN) in many centers in Africa is limited by poor diagnostic resources and ancillary services. Hence, we have carried out a multicenter epidemiological study to understand the true burden of SGN in Nigeria. Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we have deployed resources available to members of the African Oral Pathology Consortium (AOPRC) to examine the burden of salivary gland lesions in Nigeria, using a multicenter approach. Data from seven major tertiary health institutions in northern, western, and southern Nigeria were generated using a standardized data extraction format and analyzed using the Epi-info software (Version 7.0, Atlanta, USA). Result: Of the 497 cases examined across the seven centers, we observed that SGN occurred more in females than males. Overall, pleomorphic salivary adenoma (PA) was found to be the most common. PA was found to be the commonest benign SGN while adenocystic carcinoma (ADCC) was the commonest malignant SGN. Regional variations were observed for age group, diagnosis, and gender distribution. Significant | 143
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Papers by Kehinde Adebiyi