The phase transition of Nb/Cu0. 41Ni0. 59/Nb triple layers from the normal to the superconducting... more The phase transition of Nb/Cu0. 41Ni0. 59/Nb triple layers from the normal to the superconducting state has been studied experimentally by measuring the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance, R (T). It is shown that the shape of the R (T) ...
Per una strategia di sviluppo della città metropolitana di Napoli, 2018
Cos'è e com'è strutturato un corridoio ecologico?
Per la conservazione della natura in passato si... more Cos'è e com'è strutturato un corridoio ecologico? Per la conservazione della natura in passato si è ritenuto sufficiente prevedere l'istituzione di aree protette svincolate dal restante territorio quali isole dedicate alla tutela della fauna e della flora. Questo approccio è considerato oggi insufficiente ed è emersa l'esigenza di collegare le aree a maggiore naturalità tramite la creazione di corridoi ecologici e aree di sosta al fine di favorire lo scambio genetico e la biodiversità.
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. ... more Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. Three fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were transformed with the nucleoprotein gene of TSWV by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Primary transformants for each line were analysed for transgene integration and expression. Results showed that inserted transgenic DNA was often rearranged. Progeny of selected primary transformants were obtained by self-pollination and tested for resistance to TSWV. One completely resistant line was identified having a single integration locus with multiple rearranged transgene copies and a true-to-type phenotype. It will be further tested for possible inclusion in breeding programs.
ABSTRACT Kiwifruit vines are very sensitive to damage caused by hail and wind. For this reason, t... more ABSTRACT Kiwifruit vines are very sensitive to damage caused by hail and wind. For this reason, the use of wind and hail protection systems is recommended for kiwifruit vines in those agricultural areas where windy conditions and hailstorms occur with high frequency. However, the presence of anti-hail nets above the canopy can influence air temperature and humidity and can affect the quantity and/or quality of the light reaching the canopy. Our aim was to study the effect of photo-selective anti-hail nets on the vegetative growth, fertility, and fruit yield of kiwifruit vines, Actinidia deliciosa [(A. Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson]. The experiment was carried out in a private orchard located in Battipaglia (Southern Italy) on 'Hayward' vines grafted on 'Bruno'. Four knitted photo-selective anti-hail nets (blue, gray, red and white) were placed horizontally above the vines at the beginning of April 2004. Measurements of vegetative and reproductive growth were taken throughout 2004, 2005, and 2006. In this paper, only part of the data collected in 2005 and 2006 is presented. Vines under the blue net exhibited significantly reduced vigor relative to all other covered vines, as well as the uncovered control, whereas the red and gray nets appeared to stimulate vigor. Vine fertility and fruit yield were slightly, albeit significantly decreased under all the nets, but in the covered vines, an increase in fruit size partially compensated for the decreased value of fruit production.
SUMMARY Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental... more SUMMARY Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. Three fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were transformed with the nucleoprotein gene of TSWV by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Primary transformants for each line were analysed for trans- gene integration and expression. Results showed that inserted transgenic DNA was often rearranged. Prog- eny of selected primary transformants were obtained by self-pollination and tested for resistance to TSWV. One completely resistant line was identified having a single integration locus with multiple rearranged transgene copies and a true-to-type phenotype. It will be further tested for possible inclusion in breeding programs.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to define harvest indexes, based on peach skin ground color, s... more ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to define harvest indexes, based on peach skin ground color, suitable to allow mechanical grading and reach at the same time high fruit quality. Two cultivars, Springbelle and Douceur, were included in this research. In the first year of the study, harvest was performed in three pickings, fruit samples were graded with a mechanical sizer, and divided into seven categories based on their ground skin color, measured with a colorimeter. On the same fruit, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and flesh firmness were measured. Moreover, the evaluation of damage eventually caused by grading and organoleptic tests were performed. These data were used to define harvest indexes based on the a* coordinate of skin ground color. The harvest indexes obtained during the first year were used as harvest index in the second year of the trial to test their suitability. The results showed that the method can be used successfully depending on the cultivar. Indeed, the model seems to work better on Springbelle, whereas skin ground color did not correlate with the qualitative characteristics and the ripening level of Douceur.
XIV International Symposium on Apricot Breeding and Culture, 2010
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in flowering patte... more ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in flowering pattern and fruit quality between long shoots and spurs in apricot cultivars grown in Campania, a region of Southern Italy. The trial was carried out on apricot trees of autochthonous cultivars (‘Portici’, ‘Prete Bello’ and ‘Pellecchiella’) and ‘Ninfa’, an early ripening cultivar. Trees, trained to Y trellis, were spaced 4.5 x 3.0 m and grafted onto myrabolan. At budbreak, fruiting shoots were selected on the trees (60 fruiting shoots/type/cultivar) and the number of flower buds/fruiting shoot was counted. At bloom, the number of open flowers/shoot was counted every second day. Fruit set was also recorded on the same fruiting shoots. At harvest, fruits were collected and their size, weight, skin colour, flesh firmness, soluble solid content and titratable acidity were measured. The results indicated significant differences in the time and length of flowering among cultivars. The cv. Ninfa showed the most synchronous pattern of flowering, whereas the Vesuvian cultivars had a lower percentage of opened flowers and more heterogeneity. In these cultivars the flowering pattern was different among fruiting shoot types. The percentage of fruit set was also different among the cultivars varying from 11.13% (cv. Prete Bello) to 48.6% (cv. Pellecchiella). Fruit quality was strongly dependent on the cultivar productive habit.
ABSTRACT Microbial contamination, seed browning, bad taste and lipid oxidation are primary causes... more ABSTRACT Microbial contamination, seed browning, bad taste and lipid oxidation are primary causes of quality deterioration in stored hazelnuts, affecting their marketability. The feasibility of NIR spectroscopy to detect flawed kernels and estimate lipid oxidation in in-shell and shelled hazelnuts was investigated. ‘Mortarella’ hazelnuts were measured twice by NIR spectroscopy, first in-shell, and then as kernels. Afterwards, the kernels were evaluated visually, externally and internally, and by sensory evaluation with a subsequent measurement of fat oxidation. A satisfactory PLS model was created for the detection of flawed kernels. For lipid oxidation estimation the best performance of PLS models was obtained by first removing the flawed kernels from the calibration set. The PLS model for the K232 extinction coefficient, that is indicative of lipid primary oxidation, was able to predict K232 for both in-shell (R2 = 0.79) and shelled (R2 = 0.85) hazelnuts. Our results suggest, for shelled hazelnuts, a two-step NIR procedure: a first PLS model to detect and separate flawed kernels and then a second PLS model to grade healthy kernels by lipid oxidation levels.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out on a white-fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch c... more ABSTRACT This study was carried out on a white-fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. 'Alba') and a yellow fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. 'Fire Prince'). Tree canopy was divided into three horizontal layers (lower, mid, upper layer) and the fruits from each layer were separately harvested. Three harvests were performed at 7-day intervals. Fruit diameter, fresh weight, cover color, firmness and soluble solid content were determined. A discriminant analysis procedure was applied to experimental data and extracted five discriminant functions for each cultivar. Fruit qualitative differences among canopy layers changed throughout the on-tree-ripening process and were less evident on second and third harvest date for Fire Prince and Alba peach cultivars, respectively. Fruit discriminant scores well summarized fruit quality. In addition our results suggest that lower canopy layer plays an important role in the production of fruits of good quality like the other two canopy layers.
ABSTRACT The present study was carried out on cv. Çincal 5 (Prunus persica var. laevis L. Batsch.... more ABSTRACT The present study was carried out on cv. Çincal 5 (Prunus persica var. laevis L. Batsch.) which is widespread in the Campania district because of its early fruit maturity and for growing in plastic tunnels. This study focused on the relationships of light interception with crop efficiency and fruit ripening, in order to assess the performance of nectarine trees trained to the two most widely planted nectarine systems in Piana del Sele county near Salerno (southern Italy). These systems are the Palmette, with vertical hedgerow architecture, and the Ypsilon trellis, based on a Y-shaped hedgerow. Emphasis was placed on the number of high quality fruit produced rather than total yield. Yield efficiency (yield/TCSA) and the relation between yield and light interception were determined to define the crop load of canopy architectures under investigation. The canopy light interception was measured by using a multiple-PAR sensor bar. The Y-shape trellis was viable in achieving adequate ripening fruit and yield quality, whereas the Palmette showed a lower percentage yield of high quality fruit. The fruits on Y-shape trees have an advantage because they are distributed on shoots with optimum exposure of leaves to light, which improves quality parameters of yield.
La pezzatura del frutto è tra i principali parametri qualitativi che influenzano il prezzo del pr... more La pezzatura del frutto è tra i principali parametri qualitativi che influenzano il prezzo del prodotto. Il peso medio varia notevolmente all’interno della chioma, diminuendo progressivamente dall’apice alla base e dall’esterno verso l’interno della chioma. Variabilità in pezzatura si evidenzia anche all’interno dei singoli rami produttivi. Analizzando la fioritura del pesco si osserva una forte asincronia che si manifesta sia sul singolo ramo che tra le fasce produttive della chioma. Studi precedenti hanno evidenziato un anticipo fenologico della fioritura della fascia basale rispetto a quella apicale. Altri studi hanno inoltre riportato che l’anticipo fenologico in fioritura si ripercuote in differenze di pezzatura nelle prime fasi di crescita del frutto. È noto anche che lungo la chioma si creano dei gradienti di temperatura. Con questo lavoro si vuole verificare se la asincronia intra-chioma della fioritura e le differenze di crescita in fase precoce dei frutti è spiegabile con ...
medio in melo ai fi ni del contenimento dello sviluppo vegetativo e, in alcuni casi, di una più p... more medio in melo ai fi ni del contenimento dello sviluppo vegetativo e, in alcuni casi, di una più precoce messa a frutto delle piante, di un miglioramento dell'effi cienza produttiva e della qualità dei frutti (Vercammen et al., 2007; Samad et al., 1999; Webster, 1995). Numerosi autori (Loreti e Morini, 1986; Lord et al., 1985) hanno proposto l'impiego di M27 come intermediario su portinnesti vigorosi per ottenere un aumento della produzione per ettaro, realizzando impianti a elevata den-sità grazie alla riduzione dello sviluppo.
The phase transition of Nb/Cu0. 41Ni0. 59/Nb triple layers from the normal to the superconducting... more The phase transition of Nb/Cu0. 41Ni0. 59/Nb triple layers from the normal to the superconducting state has been studied experimentally by measuring the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance, R (T). It is shown that the shape of the R (T) ...
Per una strategia di sviluppo della città metropolitana di Napoli, 2018
Cos'è e com'è strutturato un corridoio ecologico?
Per la conservazione della natura in passato si... more Cos'è e com'è strutturato un corridoio ecologico? Per la conservazione della natura in passato si è ritenuto sufficiente prevedere l'istituzione di aree protette svincolate dal restante territorio quali isole dedicate alla tutela della fauna e della flora. Questo approccio è considerato oggi insufficiente ed è emersa l'esigenza di collegare le aree a maggiore naturalità tramite la creazione di corridoi ecologici e aree di sosta al fine di favorire lo scambio genetico e la biodiversità.
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. ... more Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. Three fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were transformed with the nucleoprotein gene of TSWV by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Primary transformants for each line were analysed for transgene integration and expression. Results showed that inserted transgenic DNA was often rearranged. Progeny of selected primary transformants were obtained by self-pollination and tested for resistance to TSWV. One completely resistant line was identified having a single integration locus with multiple rearranged transgene copies and a true-to-type phenotype. It will be further tested for possible inclusion in breeding programs.
ABSTRACT Kiwifruit vines are very sensitive to damage caused by hail and wind. For this reason, t... more ABSTRACT Kiwifruit vines are very sensitive to damage caused by hail and wind. For this reason, the use of wind and hail protection systems is recommended for kiwifruit vines in those agricultural areas where windy conditions and hailstorms occur with high frequency. However, the presence of anti-hail nets above the canopy can influence air temperature and humidity and can affect the quantity and/or quality of the light reaching the canopy. Our aim was to study the effect of photo-selective anti-hail nets on the vegetative growth, fertility, and fruit yield of kiwifruit vines, Actinidia deliciosa [(A. Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson]. The experiment was carried out in a private orchard located in Battipaglia (Southern Italy) on 'Hayward' vines grafted on 'Bruno'. Four knitted photo-selective anti-hail nets (blue, gray, red and white) were placed horizontally above the vines at the beginning of April 2004. Measurements of vegetative and reproductive growth were taken throughout 2004, 2005, and 2006. In this paper, only part of the data collected in 2005 and 2006 is presented. Vines under the blue net exhibited significantly reduced vigor relative to all other covered vines, as well as the uncovered control, whereas the red and gray nets appeared to stimulate vigor. Vine fertility and fruit yield were slightly, albeit significantly decreased under all the nets, but in the covered vines, an increase in fruit size partially compensated for the decreased value of fruit production.
SUMMARY Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental... more SUMMARY Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a serious threat to both horticultural and ornamental crops. Three fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were transformed with the nucleoprotein gene of TSWV by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Primary transformants for each line were analysed for trans- gene integration and expression. Results showed that inserted transgenic DNA was often rearranged. Prog- eny of selected primary transformants were obtained by self-pollination and tested for resistance to TSWV. One completely resistant line was identified having a single integration locus with multiple rearranged transgene copies and a true-to-type phenotype. It will be further tested for possible inclusion in breeding programs.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to define harvest indexes, based on peach skin ground color, s... more ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to define harvest indexes, based on peach skin ground color, suitable to allow mechanical grading and reach at the same time high fruit quality. Two cultivars, Springbelle and Douceur, were included in this research. In the first year of the study, harvest was performed in three pickings, fruit samples were graded with a mechanical sizer, and divided into seven categories based on their ground skin color, measured with a colorimeter. On the same fruit, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and flesh firmness were measured. Moreover, the evaluation of damage eventually caused by grading and organoleptic tests were performed. These data were used to define harvest indexes based on the a* coordinate of skin ground color. The harvest indexes obtained during the first year were used as harvest index in the second year of the trial to test their suitability. The results showed that the method can be used successfully depending on the cultivar. Indeed, the model seems to work better on Springbelle, whereas skin ground color did not correlate with the qualitative characteristics and the ripening level of Douceur.
XIV International Symposium on Apricot Breeding and Culture, 2010
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in flowering patte... more ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in flowering pattern and fruit quality between long shoots and spurs in apricot cultivars grown in Campania, a region of Southern Italy. The trial was carried out on apricot trees of autochthonous cultivars (‘Portici’, ‘Prete Bello’ and ‘Pellecchiella’) and ‘Ninfa’, an early ripening cultivar. Trees, trained to Y trellis, were spaced 4.5 x 3.0 m and grafted onto myrabolan. At budbreak, fruiting shoots were selected on the trees (60 fruiting shoots/type/cultivar) and the number of flower buds/fruiting shoot was counted. At bloom, the number of open flowers/shoot was counted every second day. Fruit set was also recorded on the same fruiting shoots. At harvest, fruits were collected and their size, weight, skin colour, flesh firmness, soluble solid content and titratable acidity were measured. The results indicated significant differences in the time and length of flowering among cultivars. The cv. Ninfa showed the most synchronous pattern of flowering, whereas the Vesuvian cultivars had a lower percentage of opened flowers and more heterogeneity. In these cultivars the flowering pattern was different among fruiting shoot types. The percentage of fruit set was also different among the cultivars varying from 11.13% (cv. Prete Bello) to 48.6% (cv. Pellecchiella). Fruit quality was strongly dependent on the cultivar productive habit.
ABSTRACT Microbial contamination, seed browning, bad taste and lipid oxidation are primary causes... more ABSTRACT Microbial contamination, seed browning, bad taste and lipid oxidation are primary causes of quality deterioration in stored hazelnuts, affecting their marketability. The feasibility of NIR spectroscopy to detect flawed kernels and estimate lipid oxidation in in-shell and shelled hazelnuts was investigated. ‘Mortarella’ hazelnuts were measured twice by NIR spectroscopy, first in-shell, and then as kernels. Afterwards, the kernels were evaluated visually, externally and internally, and by sensory evaluation with a subsequent measurement of fat oxidation. A satisfactory PLS model was created for the detection of flawed kernels. For lipid oxidation estimation the best performance of PLS models was obtained by first removing the flawed kernels from the calibration set. The PLS model for the K232 extinction coefficient, that is indicative of lipid primary oxidation, was able to predict K232 for both in-shell (R2 = 0.79) and shelled (R2 = 0.85) hazelnuts. Our results suggest, for shelled hazelnuts, a two-step NIR procedure: a first PLS model to detect and separate flawed kernels and then a second PLS model to grade healthy kernels by lipid oxidation levels.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out on a white-fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch c... more ABSTRACT This study was carried out on a white-fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. 'Alba') and a yellow fleshed peach cultivar (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. 'Fire Prince'). Tree canopy was divided into three horizontal layers (lower, mid, upper layer) and the fruits from each layer were separately harvested. Three harvests were performed at 7-day intervals. Fruit diameter, fresh weight, cover color, firmness and soluble solid content were determined. A discriminant analysis procedure was applied to experimental data and extracted five discriminant functions for each cultivar. Fruit qualitative differences among canopy layers changed throughout the on-tree-ripening process and were less evident on second and third harvest date for Fire Prince and Alba peach cultivars, respectively. Fruit discriminant scores well summarized fruit quality. In addition our results suggest that lower canopy layer plays an important role in the production of fruits of good quality like the other two canopy layers.
ABSTRACT The present study was carried out on cv. Çincal 5 (Prunus persica var. laevis L. Batsch.... more ABSTRACT The present study was carried out on cv. Çincal 5 (Prunus persica var. laevis L. Batsch.) which is widespread in the Campania district because of its early fruit maturity and for growing in plastic tunnels. This study focused on the relationships of light interception with crop efficiency and fruit ripening, in order to assess the performance of nectarine trees trained to the two most widely planted nectarine systems in Piana del Sele county near Salerno (southern Italy). These systems are the Palmette, with vertical hedgerow architecture, and the Ypsilon trellis, based on a Y-shaped hedgerow. Emphasis was placed on the number of high quality fruit produced rather than total yield. Yield efficiency (yield/TCSA) and the relation between yield and light interception were determined to define the crop load of canopy architectures under investigation. The canopy light interception was measured by using a multiple-PAR sensor bar. The Y-shape trellis was viable in achieving adequate ripening fruit and yield quality, whereas the Palmette showed a lower percentage yield of high quality fruit. The fruits on Y-shape trees have an advantage because they are distributed on shoots with optimum exposure of leaves to light, which improves quality parameters of yield.
La pezzatura del frutto è tra i principali parametri qualitativi che influenzano il prezzo del pr... more La pezzatura del frutto è tra i principali parametri qualitativi che influenzano il prezzo del prodotto. Il peso medio varia notevolmente all’interno della chioma, diminuendo progressivamente dall’apice alla base e dall’esterno verso l’interno della chioma. Variabilità in pezzatura si evidenzia anche all’interno dei singoli rami produttivi. Analizzando la fioritura del pesco si osserva una forte asincronia che si manifesta sia sul singolo ramo che tra le fasce produttive della chioma. Studi precedenti hanno evidenziato un anticipo fenologico della fioritura della fascia basale rispetto a quella apicale. Altri studi hanno inoltre riportato che l’anticipo fenologico in fioritura si ripercuote in differenze di pezzatura nelle prime fasi di crescita del frutto. È noto anche che lungo la chioma si creano dei gradienti di temperatura. Con questo lavoro si vuole verificare se la asincronia intra-chioma della fioritura e le differenze di crescita in fase precoce dei frutti è spiegabile con ...
medio in melo ai fi ni del contenimento dello sviluppo vegetativo e, in alcuni casi, di una più p... more medio in melo ai fi ni del contenimento dello sviluppo vegetativo e, in alcuni casi, di una più precoce messa a frutto delle piante, di un miglioramento dell'effi cienza produttiva e della qualità dei frutti (Vercammen et al., 2007; Samad et al., 1999; Webster, 1995). Numerosi autori (Loreti e Morini, 1986; Lord et al., 1985) hanno proposto l'impiego di M27 come intermediario su portinnesti vigorosi per ottenere un aumento della produzione per ettaro, realizzando impianti a elevata den-sità grazie alla riduzione dello sviluppo.
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Papers by Chiara Cirillo
Per la conservazione della natura in passato si è ritenuto sufficiente prevedere l'istituzione di aree protette svincolate dal restante territorio quali isole dedicate alla tutela della fauna e della flora. Questo approccio è considerato oggi insufficiente ed è emersa l'esigenza di collegare le aree a maggiore naturalità tramite la creazione di corridoi ecologici e aree di sosta al fine di favorire lo scambio genetico e la biodiversità.
Per la conservazione della natura in passato si è ritenuto sufficiente prevedere l'istituzione di aree protette svincolate dal restante territorio quali isole dedicate alla tutela della fauna e della flora. Questo approccio è considerato oggi insufficiente ed è emersa l'esigenza di collegare le aree a maggiore naturalità tramite la creazione di corridoi ecologici e aree di sosta al fine di favorire lo scambio genetico e la biodiversità.