Masyarakat, Kebudayaan, dan Politik, Vol. 33, No. 3, 2020
Since the end of the Cold War, thoughtlessness act in conducting 'humanitarian interventions' has... more Since the end of the Cold War, thoughtlessness act in conducting 'humanitarian interventions' has posed analytical challenges for international relations academicians. Traditional security advocators have tried to distinguished implications of 'humanitarianism' based on their interest and how it helps state in regaining the outcome. This research identified motivation of state in conducting humanitarian intervention. There are growing studies, as expressed by the constructivist, that humanitarianism is states' political weapon that shifted the involvement patterns of policymakers and actors in humanitarian interventions. On the other hand, primary criticism from realism stressed economic and political ambition behind humanitarian interventions and makes it impossible to be moral, ethical, and cosmopolitan. The objective of this study is to examine the practices, motives, and challenges of humanitarian interventions. Data gathered from published books and journals selected through rigorous analysis. The research finds that the failure of humanitarian interventions indicates the following: First, humanitarian interventions requires expensive cost in people's life and other resources. Moreover, there is a moral obligation to save the victims. Second, actors are engaged to operate the mission and has limited right to demonstrate their self-interest to protect the victims. Third is the issue of sovereignty and the subjected state's willingness to integrate. To overcome the problem, government should promote global governance transformation and the cosmopolitanism nature between actors. Abstrak Akhir perang dingin menjadi momentum ketika intervensi kemanusiaan tanpa persiapan matang membuka ruang diskusi bagi akademisi hubungan internasional mengenai analisis kritis tindakan tersebut. Para pendukung perspektif keamanan tradisional telah membedakan implikasi dari humanitarianisme berdasarkan kepentingan negara dan bagaimana tindakan tersebut mengembalikan keuntungan bagi actor yang mengusungnya. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi motivasi negara dalam melakukan intervensi kemanusiaan. Para konstruktivis percaya bahwa humanitarianisme telah menjadi alat politik negara dan merubah pola keterlibatan para aktor dan pemangku kepentingan dalam intervensi kemanusiaan. Di sisi lain, para pemikir realis menggarisbawahi ambisi ekonomi dan politik dibalik intervensi kemanusiaan yang menjadikannya tidak bersinggungan dengan nilai moral, etika, dan kosmopolitanisme. Riset ini bertujuan untuk menelaah praktik, motif, dan tantangan intervensi kemanusiaan. Studi literatur digunakan untuk mengabil data melalui buku dan jurnal ilmiah yang dipilih melalui analisis mendalam. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kegagalan intervensi kemanusiaan dilatarbelakangi hal-hal berikut: Pertama, intervensi kemanusiaan membutuhkan biaya yang besar baik dari sisi manusia maupun sumber-sumber lainnya. Kedua, aktor yang terlibat dalam melaksanakan misi memiliki kewenangan terbatas untuk melakukan aksi self-interest guna melindungi korban. Ketiga mengenai persoalan kedaulatan dan kesediaan negara subjek untuk berintegrasi dalam intervensi kemanusiaan. Untuk menanggulangi persoalan ini, perlu penekanan pad apentingnya transformasi pemerintahan global dan perspektif kosmopolitanisme bagi para aktor.
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Books by Baiq Wardhani
Papers by Baiq Wardhani
Pacific countries through the provision of aid. As it moved from ignorance to awareness, Indonesia’s approach was aimed at solving domestic problems related to its national integration and territorial integrity in the east, particularly the issue of Papuan independence. The country made use of aid as its primary diplomatic tool in its “Look East” policy. This paper investigates the extent to which this policy has been instrumental in rebuilding, restoring, and improving Indonesia’s image among Pacific countries. It argues that the ethnic dimension is one of the critical determinants in diplomatic relations, and ignorance could lead to its failure. Furthermore, it shows that the use of aid has resulted in a constructive impact that has been evident in a decrease in support for Papua separatism in the South Pacific region.
Kata kunci: penyelesaian konflik pemisahan diri, entry consent dan strategi.
Keywords: Southeast Asia, Look East Policy, rapproachement, softpower.
Pacific countries through the provision of aid. As it moved from ignorance to awareness, Indonesia’s approach was aimed at solving domestic problems related to its national integration and territorial integrity in the east, particularly the issue of Papuan independence. The country made use of aid as its primary diplomatic tool in its “Look East” policy. This paper investigates the extent to which this policy has been instrumental in rebuilding, restoring, and improving Indonesia’s image among Pacific countries. It argues that the ethnic dimension is one of the critical determinants in diplomatic relations, and ignorance could lead to its failure. Furthermore, it shows that the use of aid has resulted in a constructive impact that has been evident in a decrease in support for Papua separatism in the South Pacific region.
Kata kunci: penyelesaian konflik pemisahan diri, entry consent dan strategi.
Keywords: Southeast Asia, Look East Policy, rapproachement, softpower.