Departamento de Geografia

Faced with the maintenance of the pandemic situation of COVID-19 established in Brazil, especially in the last three months (April to June), the Laboratory of Rural and Urban Studies of the Department of Geography of the Federal University of Sergipe, within the scope of the Term of Technical-Cooperation Scientific and Pedagogical assumed by UFS and Aracaju City Hall (2019), has been following the evolution of the number of infected and deaths in the state of Sergipe made available in the monitoring panel of the Center for Information and Strategic Decisions in Health, Center for Strategic Information in Surveillance in Health / Health Surveillance Directorate of the Secretary of State for Health.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento no Instagram das agências de receptivos cadastradas na Associação Brasileira das Agências de Viagens/Sergipe (ABAV/SE) na cidade de Aracaju. Para isso, foram analisadas quatro variáveis: postagens que divulgam os atrativos turísticos do estado de Sergipe; informações acerca de preços de serviços; a comercialização de pacotes promocionais; e, a utilização de hashtags. Como procedimentos metodológicos, ademais do levantamento bibliográfico foi utilizada a netnografia para monitorar os perfis das agências desde sua inserção no Instagram até o mês maio de 2020. As informações qualitativas e corpus textuais foram tratados através do software Iramuteq. Assim, observou-se que nem todas as agências utilizam a rede social adequadamente ou de forma regular. Dentre as agências monitoradas, detectou-se a baixa adesão ao Instagram como ferramenta de marketing digital para comercialização de pacotes promocionais de destinos turísticos. A ausência de posts e hashtags faz com que as agências percam as suas vantagens competitivas, diminuindo a captação de turistas potenciais.

ABSTRACT
This article presents a proposal of a study of comparative analysis of social and economical situation and of urban infrastructure of some neighborhoods in Aracaju, Brazil, and in Braga, Portugal, in order to be developed during the doctorate course. The content of the article is a result of surveys already done: a theoretical and practical one, accomplished in Aracaju and the other one, theoretical and in its beginning, in Braga. In Aracaju, the Jardins and São Conrado neighborhoods were chosen, and in Braga, the Nogueiró and Andorinhas neighborhoods, with the objective to investigate the way how the urban phenomenon of social and spatial segregation in two different territorial contexts is expressed. In relation to Braga’s neighborhoods, we are just expressing initial comments. We are aware that the processes of social and spatial segregation and urban planning occur in ways and in different levels as well as they are related to the specific realities of each country or continent.
Keywords: social and spatial segregation, urban planning, comparative study, Brazil and Portugal.

This paper analyzes the socio-spatial segregation process that has been taking place worldwide. As this process has grown mainly from the industrial revolutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period where the industry had great jump and industrialization was triggered by every continent.

This proliferation of industries worldwide was reinforced by the discovery of oil and electricity. From the nineteenth and early twentieth century urban segregation century has become a problem that is affecting indirectly and directly the health of the population more strongly in cities and more recently also in smaller cities. Therefore every decade becomes greater the need for urban planning.

Currently the existence of the Urban Master Plan is required not only in the cities of developed countries, but mainly in the cities of the countries where the economy is dependent on the decisions of the central countries. Today the Municipal Urban Master Plans are considered responsible for the solution of urban problems. But it appears that many of Municipal Master Plans exist in countries considered dependents (as the case of Brazil) have deepened the problem of socio-spatial segregation rather than diminish this problem.

In this sense we made a parallel study, between two cities: An existing in Brazil - Aracaju and other existing in Portugal - Braga to show that after more than thirteen years of existence of the Urban Plans of Directors in these cities the urban segregation process has been controlled and even decreased in the Portuguese city. On the other hand, in Brazilian Aracaju, their urban problems has increased.

Finally we demonstrated in the case study in the cities where urban plans Directors have not made a serious and democratic manner, with public participation, have increased urban problems. The last thirteen years these socio-spatial segregation problems has had a considerable increase. This has interfered and even more strongly negatively induced health of low-income population living in the areas (neighborhoods, districts) where urban infrastructure is very poor.

This paper analyzes the socio-spatial segregation process that has been taking place worldwide. As this process has grown mainly from the industrial revolutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period where the industry had great jump and industrialization was triggered by every continent.
This proliferation of industries worldwide was reinforced by the discovery of oil and electricity. From the nineteenth and early twentieth century urban segregation century has become a problem that is affecting indirectly and directly the health of the population more strongly in cities and more recently also in smaller cities.
Therefore every decade becomes greater the need for urban planning. Currently the existence of the Urban Master Plan is required not only in the cities of developed countries, but mainly in the cities of the countries where the economy is dependent on the decisions of the central countries.
Today the Municipal Urban Master Plans are considered responsible for the solution of urban problems. But it appears that many of Municipal Master Plans exist in countries considered dependents (as the case of Brazil) have deepened the problem of socio-spatial segregation rather than diminish this problem. In this sense we made a parallel study, between two cities: An existing in Brazil - Aracaju and other existing in Portugal - Braga to show that after more than thirteen years of existence of the Urban Plans of Directors in these cities the urban segregation process has been controlled and even decreased in the Portuguese city.
On the other hand, in Brazilian Aracaju, their urban problems has increased. Finally we demonstrated in the case study in the cities where urban plans Directors have not made a serious and democratic manner, with public participation, have increased urban problems. The last thirteen years these socio-spatial segregation problems has had a considerable increase. This has interfered and even more strongly negatively induced health of low-income population living in the areas (neighborhoods, districts) where urban infrastructure is very poor

This paper analyzes the socio-spatial segregation process that has been taking place worldwide. As this process has grown mainly from the industrial revolutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period where the industry had great jump and industrialization was triggered by every continent.

This proliferation of industries worldwide was reinforced by the discovery of oil and electricity. From the nineteenth and early twentieth century urban segregation century has become a problem that is affecting indirectly and directly the health of the population more strongly in cities and more recently also in smaller cities.

Therefore every decade becomes greater the need for urban planning. Currently the existence of the Urban Master Plan is required not only in the cities of developed countries, but mainly in the cities of the countries where the economy is dependent on the decisions of the central countries.

Today the Municipal Urban Master Plans are considered responsible for the solution of urban problems. But it appears that many of Municipal Master Plans exist in countries considered dependents (as the case of Brazil) have deepened the problem of socio-spatial segregation rather than diminish this problem.

In this sense we made a parallel study, between two cities: An existing in Brazil - Aracaju and other existing in Portugal - Braga to show that after more than thirteen years of existence of the Urban Plans of Directors in these cities the urban segregation process has been controlled and even decreased in the Portuguese city. On the other hand, in Brazilian Aracaju, their urban problems has increased.

Finally we demonstrated in the case study in the cities where urban plans Directors have not made a serious and democratic manner, with public participation, have increased urban problems. The last thirteen years these socio-spatial segregation problems has had a considerable increase. This has interfered and even more strongly negatively induced health of low-income population living in the areas (neighborhoods, districts) where urban infrastructure is very poor.

Abstract: This article has as an initial objective to make a review to the Master Plan for Sustainable Urban Development in Aracaju. This paper also describes the issue of urban problems in the municipality of Aracaju in recent years. With the intense urban growth process, Aracaju has revealed the urgent need to be elaborated a master plan in a democratic manner, seeking a better quality of life of its population and an effective environmental protection. In relation to the current Master Plan for Sustainable Urban Development in Aracaju, we can say that this ‘plan is not flat nor full’, since this master plan reflects the interests of a privileged minority. Because we know that alteration and interference decisions in urban areas were defined to facilitate the producing agents of urban space and the privileged groups that are linked to these agents. Thus, this master plan is not full, since it favors the privileged minority of the population to the detriment of the majority excluded from basic rights expressed in the Federal Constitution of Brazil. 
Key-Words: Master Plan, Sustainable Urban Development; social exclusion.

Background and Aims Reactive oxygen species are frequently produced when plants are exposed to abiotic stresses. Among the detoxication systems, two enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase (GR) play key roles. GR has also a central role in keeping the reduced glutathione pool during stress thus allowing the adjustments on the cellular redox reactions. The aim of this work was to study the variations in cytosolic and dualtargeted GR gene expression in the leaves of cowpea plants submitted to progressive drought, rapid desiccation and application of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA).

Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de ajustar uma equação de volume, a partir do modelo logaritmizado de Schumacher & Hall (1933), para estimar o volume comercial, e uma equação de afilamento (taper), a partir do modelo de Demaerschalk (1972), para estimar a quantidade de multiprodutos de madeira de espécies da Floresta Atlântica. Os dados foram coletados na Gleba C da Floresta Nacional do Rio Preto - IBAMA, no município de Conceição da Barra-ES. Foram mensuradas 165 árvores em pé, subdivididas em dez classes de diâmetro, com qualidade de fuste QF1 e pertencentes às espécies com maior VI e, ou, espécies de valor comercial. Essas árvores reuniram 62 espécies e 38 famílias. A equação de volume ajustou-se bem aos dados, com 2 igual a 0,9815 e resíduos normalmente distribuídos. A equação de taper também ajustou-se bem aos dados, com 2 igual a 0,9346 e distribuição gráfica dos resíduos normal. Pelo teste F (Graybill, 1976), constatou-se que houve igualdade entre os diâmetros observados e os diâmetros estimados pela equação de taper. A partir de transformações algébricas da equação de taper, foram estimados a altura para um determinado diâmetro superior d e o volume do tronco ou de parte dele. Em seguida, podem ser estimados o número de toras e o respectivo volume, em função do comprimento da tora, do diâmetro superior d mínimo e do uso desejado, o que permite avaliar a árvore em pé.

A clear positive case for anabolic steroids doping was confounded by alleged urine tampering during doping control procedures. Review of the chain of custody showed no flaws, but nevertheless the athlete was adamant that the urine sample should be analyzed for DNA in order to support her contention that she was not the donor of the sample. The results obtained showed that the urine sample that scored positive for steroids contained nuclear DNA that could not be matched to the DNA obtained from the athlete's blood. On the other hand, the same urine sample contained mitochondrial DNA whose nucleotide sequences spanning the hyper variable regions HV1 and HV2 proved to be identical to those determined in mitochondrial DNA amplified from the athlete's blood. The occurrence of an extraneous genotype is compatible with exogenous nuclear DNA admixture to the athlete's urine. Alternatively, taking in consideration the mitochondrial DNA, we could not exclude that a sibling or a maternal relative of the athlete could have acted as a donor of the urine utilized for doping control and DNA analysis. Both situations point to possible tampering of the urine by the athlete. Adjudication at CAS maintained previous national and international federation decision that there was no proof of a chain of custody flaw to justify the athlete's allegation of urine substitution after collection.

Remediation methods for environmental contamination problems based on physical or chemical processes frequently present low efficiency and/or high costs. On the other hand, biological treatment is being proved to be an accessible alternative for soil and water remediation. Bioventing is commonly used for petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) spills. This process provides better subsurface oxygenation, thus stimulating degradation by indigenous microorganisms. In Brazil, gasoline and ethanol are routinely mixed; some authors suggest that despite gasoline high degradability, its degradation in the aquifer is hindered by the presence of much rapidly degrading ethanol. The present study evaluates a bioventing treatment of a gasoline-ethanol contaminated undisturbed residual soil from Rio de Janeiro. Contamination and treatment effects were monitored by conventional microbiology methods, chemical analysis, and ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. Results of culturable bacterial population counts show the effect of contamination and bioventing on the microbiota of gasoline and gasoline-ethanol containing soils; however, GPR responses to these variations are not conclusive and still need to be assessed.

We recorded species abundance and richness of oribatid mites along 16 plots established in semi-deciduous forest fragments in Amazonia. The results were compared with a published dataset consisting of an inventory carried out in 38 plots in the surrounding savanna. Totals of 143 and 91 species were recorded in the forest fragments and savanna, respectively. Sørensen similarity index between both environments was 0.44. Ordination of sites according to oribatid mite species composition showed a clear separation between forest fragments and savanna. Rostrozetes ovulum, Archegozetes longisetosus and Eohypochthonius (Eohypochthonius) becki were abundant and frequent in the forest fragments but exceedingly rare in the savanna. Neoppia (Neoppia) schauenbergi, Pseudoppia sp. C, Microppia sp. A and Cosmochthonius sp. A were limited to the savanna. This study also represents an early step toward knowing which groups of species are exclusive to one or another vegetation type or are sensitive to their inherent environmental conditions.

Malaria-induced sepsis is associated with an intense proinflammatory cytokinemia for which the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. It has been demonstrated that experimental infection of humans with Plasmodium falciparum primes Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated proinflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the relevance of this phenomenon during natural infection and, more importantly, the mechanisms by which malaria mediates TLR hyperresponsiveness are unclear. Here we show that TLR responses are boosted in febrile patients during natural infection with P. falciparum. Microarray analyses demonstrated that an extraordinary percentage of the up-regulated genes, including genes involving TLR signaling, had sites for IFN-inducible transcription factors. To further define the mechanism involved in malaria-mediated “priming,” we infected mice with Plasmodium chabaudi. The human data were remarkably predictive of what we observed in the rodent malaria model. Malaria-induced priming of TLR responses correlated with increased expression of TLR mRNA in a TLR9-, MyD88-, and IFNγ-dependent manner. Acutely infected WT mice were highly susceptible to LPS-induced lethality while TLR9-/-, IL12-/- and to a greater extent, IFNγ-/- mice were protected. Our data provide unprecedented evidence that TLR9 and MyD88 are essential to initiate IL12 and IFNγ responses and favor host hyperresponsiveness to TLR agonists resulting in overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and the sepsis-like symptoms of acute malaria.

In the phase III INTEREST trial, 1,466 pretreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomly assigned to receive gefitinib or docetaxel. As a preplanned analysis, we prospectively analyzed available tumor biopsies to investigate the relationship between biomarkers and clinical outcomes.

RESUMO: Delimitamos como objeto de estudo deste artigo, a discussão sobre a manifestação da questão ambiental no espaço agrário, problematizando o embate entre modelos antagônicos de agricultura, através do conceito marxiano de fissura metabólica e da construção da agroecologia como estratégia produtiva e política, assumida pelo MST.