Papers by Dhiman Chowdhury
Cornell University - arXiv, Dec 18, 2019
Electrical network frequency (ENF) is the signature of a power distribution grid which represents... more Electrical network frequency (ENF) is the signature of a power distribution grid which represents the nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz) of a power system network. Due to load variations in a power grid, ENF sequences experience fluctuations. These ENF variations are inherently located in a multimedia signal which is recorded close to the grid or directly from the mains power line. Therefore, a multimedia recording can be localized by analyzing the ENF sequences of that signal in absence of the concurrent power signal. In this paper, a novel approach to analyze location forensics using ENF sequences extracted from a number of power and audio recordings is proposed. The digital recordings are collected from different grid locations around the world. Potential feature components are determined from the ENF sequences. Then, a multi-class support vector machine (SVM) classification model is developed to validate the location authenticity of the recordings. The performance assessments affirm the efficacy of the presented work.
2022 IEEE 20th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2022
This paper presents a real-time simulation model of a low-voltage (LV) microgrid comprising renew... more This paper presents a real-time simulation model of a low-voltage (LV) microgrid comprising renewable energy sources, a battery energy storage system (BESS) and a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for reactive power compensation to support a distribution network and utility loads. The model is developed using MATLAB/Simulink® and the real-time test environment is composed of an OPAL-RT simulator. In offline and RT-Labbased online simulations, the model is investigated for gridfeeding, grid-supporting, grid-following and grid-forming operations of the microgrid inverters. The MMC-DSTATCOM operation is tested for different reactive power control scenarios both in grid-following and grid-forming modes. In this study, one of the major challenges that affects real-time simulations is employing switching power electronic converter models and their controls with significantly low overruns in the RT-Lab platform. It is observed that microgrid and switching converter operations are successfully realized in real-time simulations with significantly low overruns for 25 µs step-size.
2022 IEEE 20th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2022
In this paper, a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based real-time model of a dual active brid... more In this paper, a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based real-time model of a dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter is presented which is developed and deployed for a very small simulation time-step (50 ns) to capture the fast dynamics of the switching converter. The converter network is solved using an electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) methodology, referred to as latency based linear multi-step compound (LB-LMC). The switching converter is modeled applying the combined knowledge of state-space discretization, resistive companion theory and nodal analysis. A serial communication interface is designed linking two Xilinx FPGA evaluation boards forming a controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHiL) framework. Results obtained from the FPGA testbed are compared with software simulations.
IEEE Access, 2020
Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) discerns the individual electrical appliances of a residenti... more Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) discerns the individual electrical appliances of a residential or commercial building by disaggregating the accumulated energy consumption data without accessing to the individual components applying a single-point sensor. The fundamental concept is to decompose the aggregate load into a family of appliances that can explain its characteristics. In the age of smart grid networks and sophisticated energy management infrastructures, NILM can be considered as a significant tool pertaining to smart and inexpensive energy metering technique. In this article, a novel NILM solution based on capsule network is proposed, where convolutional neural network (CNN) is employed to extract potential features from a set of non-overlapping energy measurement data segments and the capsule architecture is designed to predict class probabilities of the individual segments. Then, a decision making algorithm is proposed to compute the final classification based on the...
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2019
This paper presents an efficient, cost-effective and sustainable grid-connected electric vehicles... more This paper presents an efficient, cost-effective and sustainable grid-connected electric vehicles' (EVs') battery charger based on a buck converter to reduce the harmonics injected into the mains power line. To utilize the switching converter as an effective power factor controller (PFC), inverse sinusoidal pulse width modulation (ISPWM) signals are applied. However, a mathematical relationship between the sending-end power factor and the duty ratio of the switching buck converter is derived. To ensure the sustenance of the proposed method, a simulation model of the battery charging system is tested in PSIM simulation platform. The simulation results yield to a loss-less charging system with a sending-end power factor close to unity. An experimental testbed comprising a 60 V battery bank of 100 A-h capacity with a charging current of 7 A is developed. The laboratory assessments present an 88.1% efficient charging prototype with a resultant sending-end power factor of 0.89. The laboratory framework concerns with the comparative analysis of the sending-end power factor, system efficiency , and mains line current total harmonic distortion (THD) obtained for different charging methods-simple battery charger, fixed duty ratio controlled buck converter and the proposed topology. The performance evaluations corroborate the reliability of the presented work.
7th IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices & Applications (WiPDA 2019), 2019
As the smart-grid realization is becoming more pragmatic, the analysis on transactive energy syst... more As the smart-grid realization is becoming more pragmatic, the analysis on transactive energy systems (TESs) is also getting more substantial. Bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDDC) is the energy flow driver for a TES connected electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESSs). In this work, we have performed a detailed thermal and efficiency analysis of Silicon (Si), Silicon Carbide (SiC), and Si-SiC hybrid half-bridge commercial power modules for BDDC. Considering the power modules' operating junction temperature as 85% of the rated maximum value, the optimum switching frequency (OSF) for Si, hybrid, and SiC modules is evaluated as 4, 10.5, and 27.5 kHz, respectively. For the full load OSF operation, the required heatsink maximum thermal resistance is estimated as 0.037, 0.040, and 0.080 0 C/W, respectively and the SiC MOSFET module shows the highest efficiency of 99%. The BDDC simulation is performed in PLECS, which comprises a control block for bi-directional power operation and the estimated thermal management.
arXiv:1912.09428v1 [eess.SP], 2019
Electrical network frequency (ENF) is the signature of a power distribution grid which represents... more Electrical network frequency (ENF) is the signature of a power distribution grid which represents the nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz) of a power system network. Due to load variations in a power grid, ENF sequences experience fluctuations. These ENF variations are inherently located in a multimedia signal which is recorded close to the grid or directly from the mains power line. Therefore, a multimedia recording can be localized by analyzing the ENF sequences of that signal in absence of the concurrent power signal. In this paper, a novel approach to analyze location forensics using ENF sequences extracted from a number of power and audio recordings is proposed. The digital recordings are collected from different grid locations around the world. Potential feature components are determined from the ENF sequences. Then, a multi-class support vector machine (SVM) classification model is developed to validate the location authenticity of the recordings. The performance assessments affirm the efficacy of the presented work.
arXiv:1912.09020v1 [eess.SY], 2019
This paper articulates design and performance analysis of digital controllers in discrete and con... more This paper articulates design and performance analysis of digital controllers in discrete and continuous time domains for a single-joint robot arm manipulator. The investigated robot arm system is modeled as a single degree of freedom (DOF) plant and there is a feedback sensor implying a closed-loop system. The design approach incorporates discrete (z-plane) and continuous time (warped s-plane or w-plane) domain parameters. Four digital controllers-phase-lag, phase-lead, proportional-integral (PI) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) are theoretically designed and implemented to achieve a phase margin of 40 deg. for the compensated system. For performance evaluations, Bode plots of the compensated open-loop systems and step response characteristics of the closed-loop systems are determined.
International Conference on Digital Image and Signal Processing (DISP), 2019
Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) determines individual energy consumption profile of differen... more Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) determines individual energy consumption profile of different electrical appliances of a residential or commercial building without accessing to the individual components. Using a single point sensor, this technique discerns the individual loads by disaggregating the accumulated energy consumption data on the basis of some methodological approaches. In the age of emerging smart grid technologies, sophisticated home energy management systems and efficacious utility infrastructures, NILM yields to be a crucial tool for reliable and inexpensive smart metering systems. This paper presents a novel NILM algorithm based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) of the non-linear and non-stationary real-time energy consumption signatures by analyzing the time-frequency space features of obtained intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The proposed algorithm resolves the intermittency and mode mixing issues of the fundamental EMD method. For disaggregation and load identification the energy data are decomposed into elementary signals scaled on particular time window frames. A number of IMFs are evaluated for each time frame and derivative of frequency with respect to time (δf/δt) for each IMF is determined. For an elementary signal the frequency derivative values lie within a specified range for each time frame which is different from that of another elementary signal. A number of statistical features, as an instance, cross-correlation indexes of the respective IMFs are examined for elementary feature extraction as well. A classification model based on random forest (RF) algorithm taking the extracted transient features into account is generated to learn the NILM test-bed. RF classifier improves the accuracy of the disaggregation model by creating a set of decision trees and by aggregating the votes from the constituent decision trees to perceive the final class of the test object. AMPds and COOLL NILM datasets sampled at 1 minute and 100 kHz respectively are tested for assessing the proposed NILM system. A comparative analysis with the previously reported NILM algorithms is carried out to imply the novelty and efficiency of the documented algorithm. The performance evaluations corroborate the sustenance of the articulated framework.
2018 8th IEEE India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), 2018
This paper proposes an efficient design of an electrically isolated low power (12w) light emittin... more This paper proposes an efficient design of an electrically isolated low power (12w) light emitting diode (LED) driver with active power factor controller (PFC) based on buck converter topology. The presented system comprises a rectifier-fed-PFC unit which reduces the harmonic distortion of the mains (230V r.m.s.) line current by improving the sending-end power factor. There is a dc-link-inverter which consists of a soft switched buck converter and a parallel-loaded series L-C resonant inverter. At the receiving-end, there is a high frequency transformer provided isolation and a rectifier to feed appropriate voltage and current to a 12w LED lighting load. The switching converters are controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) signals of 20kHz. The framework has been simulated on PLECS software. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the mains line current is approximately 10.7904% at 0.9893 sending-end power factor whereas the third harmonic current is 6.1538% and the fifth harmonic current is 5.4557% of the fundamental current and these are less than the recommended values of IEC 61000-3-2. The voltage and current waveforms of every converter stage corroborate the reliability of the proposed work.
2019 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE), 2019
This paper presents an autocorrelation-based double talk detection (DTD) system with a modified n... more This paper presents an autocorrelation-based double talk detection (DTD) system with a modified normalized least mean squares (NLMS) adaptive filter algorithm for acoustic echo cancellation (AEC). Autocorrelation value of the residual error derived from the difference between the microphone signal and the echo estimation determines the existence of double talk in the speech signal. The algorithms for DTD and adaptive filter for AEC have been tested in terms of probability of missing detection, fraction of times of missing near-end signal and probability of false detection to verify the convergence of the echo canceler in the presence of a near-end signal. The proposed system has been simulated on MATLAB and an application code has been compiled for Xtensa DSP processor. The test results corroborate the reliability of the developed algorithms.
2018 International Conference on Innovation in Engineering and Technology (ICIET), 2018
This paper presents a predictive model to compute regional power demand on an hourly interval usi... more This paper presents a predictive model to compute regional power demand on an hourly interval using regression decision tree machine learning algorithm. The training dataset has been derived from a zone wise hourly load supplied record of power grid company of Bangladesh limited (PGCB) for three regions-Dhaka, Chittagong and Rajshahi for six consecutive days in March, 2018. A regression decision tree based predictive model has been developed for substantial load forecasting application. Computing power data time instants ahead from a historical dataset conforms to an efficient tool for maintaining a balance between demand and supply along with for making preparedness in case of a contingency. The regression algorithm yields to without and with pruning applications to evaluate performance. The predictive model has been simulated on MATLAB and the performance assessments corroborate the reliability of the framework.
International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2018
In this paper a scalable and controllable dc microgrid architecture has been presented with a sou... more In this paper a scalable and controllable dc microgrid architecture has been presented with a source-end to loadend one-way communication based control interface to substantiate efficacious power sharing among five power management units (PMUs) attached to batteries. The system comprises a source converter and a load converter. The source converter consists of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller with a boost average model and the load converter consists of a fanout node and five PMUs. The voltage of the photovoltaic (PV) array is boosted up to 400 V for transmission purpose. Perturb and observation algorithm is used for MPPT implementation. A pulse width modulation (PWM) switched full bridge (FB) converter in the fanout node is constructed to lower the source-end voltage and to generate a fixed intermittent dc bus of 48 V. Buck converter topology is used to design the PMUs and each PMU is controlled in a way to generate an output voltage suitable for a 12 V battery charging application. Sensing the solar irradiance level a one-way communication premise is designed to control the power flow towards and sharing among the PMUs so that the more important units receive more power in a crisis situation. The proposed framework has been tested in MATLAB/Simulink platform and the performance evaluations yield to system efficiencies of more than 85% for different irradiance levels.
International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2018
This paper documents a scalable dc microgrid architecture offering phase shifted full bridge (PSF... more This paper documents a scalable dc microgrid architecture offering phase shifted full bridge (PSFB) converter based
power management units (PMUs). There is a set of two PMUs
connected to 36 V and 12 V batteries respectively. The energy
source is a photo-voltaic (PV) array of 315 W maximum power.
A source converter comprising a maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) unit and a boost converter has been designed to generate
a dc bus. The MPPT unit applies incremental conductance
method to detect the peak power condition. A load converter
comprises a set of parallely connected PMUs and batteries and
PMUs are responsible for supplying power to the batteries and
utility loads. PSFB converter in each PMU enables zero voltage
transition by phase shifted pulse width modulation (PWM). In
this paper the overall system is modeled and simulated on
MATLAB/Simulink platform. A generic Lead acid battery model
has been used and a voltage source converter (VSC) with an RL load has been delivered power. The behavior of the system
has been tested in both without and with load situations and the
evaluated power efficiency values corroborate the reliability of the
proposed design. The respective MATLAB/Simulink simulation
waveforms and results are presented in this paper
10th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE 2018), 2018
This paper proposes an efficient design of a low
power light emitting diode (LED) driver offering... more This paper proposes an efficient design of a low
power light emitting diode (LED) driver offering a soft-switched
buck converter and a parallel-loaded high frequency series L-C
resonant inverter. The presented system comprises a rectifier-fedbuck derived power factor controller (PFC) unit which reduces
the harmonic distortion of the mains (230V r.m.s.) line current
by improving the sending-end power factor. At the receivingend, there is a high frequency transformer provided isolation
and a rectifier to feed appropriate voltage and current to
the load. The design incorporates a feedback loop to control
the switching operation of the buck converter by varying the
duty ratio. The soft-switching application yields to reduced
internal electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise. The inverter
is operated by two alternating 20kHz pulse width modulation
(PWM) signals. The framework has been simulated on PLECS
software. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the mains line
current is approximately 10.7904% at 0.9893 sending-end power
factor with 12w output power. State space averaging models of
the converter circuits have been derived in this paper.
10th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE 2018), 2018
This paper presents a human machine interface
(HMI) system to monitor and analyze heart issues an... more This paper presents a human machine interface
(HMI) system to monitor and analyze heart issues and physiological activities by extracting and processing photoplethysmography
(PPG) signal from a pulse sensor. This noninvasive framework
estimates heart rate in beats per minute (BPM) and heart rate
variability (HRV) of the autonomic sinus activity of a human
body. The ace promising feature is to introduce a customized
android application (app) named Impulse in order to observe the
cardiac activities in a consistent manner. The data transformation
from the sensor to the android app takes place via a wireless communication protocol (bluetooth interface). This paper documents
MATLAB simulations for filtering raw PPG signals. Physiology
of PPG, developed PPG extracting device, features, user manual
and performance evaluation of the android app and MATLAB
simulations are articulated in this paper
Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), 2016 IEEE International WIE Conference on, 2016
—Power recordings obtained from different grids have different patterns which are not clearly pre... more —Power recordings obtained from different grids have different patterns which are not clearly predictable. These power line data can be used to identify the region of recordings by detecting their pattern. Normally The Electric Network Frequency(ENF) of power distribution network is used to estimate the location of recordings. Existing techniques estimate ENF around the base frequency of 50/60Hz .In this paper a technique is proposed to classify the grids by exploiting the ENF at different harmonics of nominal frequency. This method does not rely on power references to differentiate amongst various power grids. It applies feature extraction techniques of clean power signal which can be measured directly from the power mains through electrical outlet using a step-down transformer and voltage divider.
Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE, 2017
—This paper proposes an innovative approach to utilizing Buck converter as an ideal Power Factor ... more —This paper proposes an innovative approach to utilizing Buck converter as an ideal Power Factor Correction (PFC) controller where variable width Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching signals are generated and implemented to reliably control the voltage and current conversion phenomena. The developed converter topology is tactically utilized to design an efficacious grid-connected electric vehicle charger with substantially ameliorated line Power Factor so that the system loss can be averted in the case of AC-DC charging circuits. In order to ensure the sustainability of the proposed method, PSIM simulation software has been used to emulate a simulation model of a Battery charging system for Electric vehicles. The simulated output and evaluated performance parameters provide almost unity Power Factor (PF) with a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) rate of 4.62% which is lower than the maximum allowable value recommended by IEEE519. The simulation outcome corroborates the efficiency and validity of the proposed framework.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2018
During sudden anti-terrorist drives conducted by the law enforcement agencies, a localized cyber ... more During sudden anti-terrorist drives conducted by the law enforcement agencies, a localized cyber security system happens to be a special tactic to avert the unprecedented massacre and gruesome fatalities against the residents of that area by disconnecting the affected territory from the rest of the world; so that the militants and their outside accomplices cannot communicate with each other and also the terrorists cannot go through the ongoing apprehensive operation via wireless communications. This paper presents a novel framework of an unmanned aerial vehicular networking signal jammer which is oriented to block incoming and outgoing signals of all frequencies transmitted from a specifically marginalized territory scanned and explored by the aerial vehicle. During such a cyber-vigilance operation, the aerial vehicle is equipped with a transmitter and an auto-tuning band-pass filter module with automatic regulation of center frequencies according to the surrounding networking signals, which are considered to be the suppressing noise parameters. In order to restrict the signal blocking operation within the militant hub, the aerial vehicle with the network terminator is controlled to navigate within a particular boundary of a residential area and its navigation is continuously mapped and stored for effective evacuation process directed to save the innocent stranded people. A very low frequency (VLF) metal detector has been designed to trace the explosives and buried landmines inside the exploration arena. An algorithm for 3-D mapping of the metal traces detected by the aerial navigator has been presented in this paper. Signal blocking, metal tracing and stable confined movements have been tested where the testbed is provided with signals of different frequencies along with variation in dimensions of the testing region to evaluate the reliability of the proposed framework.
5th International Conference on Developments in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET'18), 2018
—DC microgrids conform to distributed control of renewable energy sources which ratifies efficaci... more —DC microgrids conform to distributed control of renewable energy sources which ratifies efficacious instantaneous power sharing and sustenance of energy access among different domestic Power Management Units (PMUs) along with maintaining stability of the grid voltage. In this paper design metrics and performance evaluation of a scalable DC microgrid are documented where a look-up table of generated power of a source converter complies with the distribution of efficient power sharing phenomenon among a set of two home PMUs. The source converter is connected with a Photovoltaic panel of 300 W and uses Perturb and Observation (P&O) method for executing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). A boost average DC-DC converter topology is used to enhance the voltage level of the source converter before transmission. The load converter consists of two parallely connected PMUs each of which is constructed with high switching frequency based Full Bridge (FB) converter to charge an integrated Energy Storage System (ESS). In this paper the overall system is modeled and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink platform with ESSs in the form of Lead Acid batteries connected to the load side of the FB converter circuits and these batteries yield to support marginalized power utilities. The behaviour of the system is tested in different solar insolation levels along with several battery charging levels of 12 V and 36 V to assess the power efficiency. In each testbed the efficiency is found to be more than 93% which affirm the reliability of the framework and a look-up table is generated comprising the grid and load quantities for effective control of power transmission.
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Papers by Dhiman Chowdhury
power management units (PMUs). There is a set of two PMUs
connected to 36 V and 12 V batteries respectively. The energy
source is a photo-voltaic (PV) array of 315 W maximum power.
A source converter comprising a maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) unit and a boost converter has been designed to generate
a dc bus. The MPPT unit applies incremental conductance
method to detect the peak power condition. A load converter
comprises a set of parallely connected PMUs and batteries and
PMUs are responsible for supplying power to the batteries and
utility loads. PSFB converter in each PMU enables zero voltage
transition by phase shifted pulse width modulation (PWM). In
this paper the overall system is modeled and simulated on
MATLAB/Simulink platform. A generic Lead acid battery model
has been used and a voltage source converter (VSC) with an RL load has been delivered power. The behavior of the system
has been tested in both without and with load situations and the
evaluated power efficiency values corroborate the reliability of the
proposed design. The respective MATLAB/Simulink simulation
waveforms and results are presented in this paper
power light emitting diode (LED) driver offering a soft-switched
buck converter and a parallel-loaded high frequency series L-C
resonant inverter. The presented system comprises a rectifier-fedbuck derived power factor controller (PFC) unit which reduces
the harmonic distortion of the mains (230V r.m.s.) line current
by improving the sending-end power factor. At the receivingend, there is a high frequency transformer provided isolation
and a rectifier to feed appropriate voltage and current to
the load. The design incorporates a feedback loop to control
the switching operation of the buck converter by varying the
duty ratio. The soft-switching application yields to reduced
internal electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise. The inverter
is operated by two alternating 20kHz pulse width modulation
(PWM) signals. The framework has been simulated on PLECS
software. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the mains line
current is approximately 10.7904% at 0.9893 sending-end power
factor with 12w output power. State space averaging models of
the converter circuits have been derived in this paper.
(HMI) system to monitor and analyze heart issues and physiological activities by extracting and processing photoplethysmography
(PPG) signal from a pulse sensor. This noninvasive framework
estimates heart rate in beats per minute (BPM) and heart rate
variability (HRV) of the autonomic sinus activity of a human
body. The ace promising feature is to introduce a customized
android application (app) named Impulse in order to observe the
cardiac activities in a consistent manner. The data transformation
from the sensor to the android app takes place via a wireless communication protocol (bluetooth interface). This paper documents
MATLAB simulations for filtering raw PPG signals. Physiology
of PPG, developed PPG extracting device, features, user manual
and performance evaluation of the android app and MATLAB
simulations are articulated in this paper
power management units (PMUs). There is a set of two PMUs
connected to 36 V and 12 V batteries respectively. The energy
source is a photo-voltaic (PV) array of 315 W maximum power.
A source converter comprising a maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) unit and a boost converter has been designed to generate
a dc bus. The MPPT unit applies incremental conductance
method to detect the peak power condition. A load converter
comprises a set of parallely connected PMUs and batteries and
PMUs are responsible for supplying power to the batteries and
utility loads. PSFB converter in each PMU enables zero voltage
transition by phase shifted pulse width modulation (PWM). In
this paper the overall system is modeled and simulated on
MATLAB/Simulink platform. A generic Lead acid battery model
has been used and a voltage source converter (VSC) with an RL load has been delivered power. The behavior of the system
has been tested in both without and with load situations and the
evaluated power efficiency values corroborate the reliability of the
proposed design. The respective MATLAB/Simulink simulation
waveforms and results are presented in this paper
power light emitting diode (LED) driver offering a soft-switched
buck converter and a parallel-loaded high frequency series L-C
resonant inverter. The presented system comprises a rectifier-fedbuck derived power factor controller (PFC) unit which reduces
the harmonic distortion of the mains (230V r.m.s.) line current
by improving the sending-end power factor. At the receivingend, there is a high frequency transformer provided isolation
and a rectifier to feed appropriate voltage and current to
the load. The design incorporates a feedback loop to control
the switching operation of the buck converter by varying the
duty ratio. The soft-switching application yields to reduced
internal electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise. The inverter
is operated by two alternating 20kHz pulse width modulation
(PWM) signals. The framework has been simulated on PLECS
software. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the mains line
current is approximately 10.7904% at 0.9893 sending-end power
factor with 12w output power. State space averaging models of
the converter circuits have been derived in this paper.
(HMI) system to monitor and analyze heart issues and physiological activities by extracting and processing photoplethysmography
(PPG) signal from a pulse sensor. This noninvasive framework
estimates heart rate in beats per minute (BPM) and heart rate
variability (HRV) of the autonomic sinus activity of a human
body. The ace promising feature is to introduce a customized
android application (app) named Impulse in order to observe the
cardiac activities in a consistent manner. The data transformation
from the sensor to the android app takes place via a wireless communication protocol (bluetooth interface). This paper documents
MATLAB simulations for filtering raw PPG signals. Physiology
of PPG, developed PPG extracting device, features, user manual
and performance evaluation of the android app and MATLAB
simulations are articulated in this paper