Apostilaingles
Apostilaingles
Apostilaingles
Aula 00
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Aula 00: Demonstrativa
1 - Apresenta•‹o
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
- f—rum de dœvidas, onde voc• pode entrar em contato direto com a
professora quando julgar necess‡rio.
Vale dizer que este curso Ž concebido para ser o seu œnico
material de estudos, isto Ž, voc• n‹o precisar‡ adquirir livros ou outros
materiais para cobrir os temas de Ingl•s. A ideia Ž que voc• consiga
economizar bastante tempo, pois voc• poder‡ estudar todos os t—picos
exigidos no edital da EEAR (n’vel b‡sico e intermedi‡rio) conforme a sua
disponibilidade de tempo, em qualquer ambiente onde voc• tenha acesso
a um computador, tablet ou celular, e evitar‡ a grande perda de
tempo gerada pelo tr‰nsito das grandes cidades. Isso Ž importante
para todos os candidatos, mas Ž especialmente relevante para
aqueles que trabalham e estudam. O nœmero de pessoas que t•m
estudado para concursos via on-line tem crescido rapidamente, Ž um
modo pr‡tico de estudo no conforto do lar, num hor‡rio mais
conveniente. Tenho certeza que voc• ter‡ proveito na disciplina que
ministro.
J‡ faz tempo que voc• n‹o estuda Ingl•s do ensino mŽdio? N‹o tem
problema, este curso tambŽm te atende perfeitamente. Isto por que voc•
est‡ adquirindo um material bastante completo, onde voc• poder‡
trabalhar cada assunto, e resolver uma grande quantidade de exerc’cios,
sempre podendo consultar as minhas resolu•›es e tirar dœvidas no f—rum.
Assim, Ž plenamente poss’vel que, mesmo tendo dificuldades em
Ingl•s e estando h‡ algum tempo sem estudar esse tema, voc•
consiga um —timo desempenho na pr—xima prova da EEAR.
Obviamente, se voc• se encontra nesta situa•‹o, ser‡ preciso investir um
tempo maior e dedicar-se bastante ao conteœdo do nosso curso.
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Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
singular e plural, composto, cont‡vel e incont‡vel e forma possessiva;
Adjetivos: posi•‹o, forma•‹o pelo gerœndio e pelo partic’pio e grau de
compara•‹o; Pronomes: pessoal do caso reto e do obl’quo, indefinidos
(pronomes substantivos e adjetivos), relativos, demonstrativos
(pronomes substantivos e adjetivos), possessivos (pronomes substantivos
e adjetivos), reflexivos e relativos; Pronomes e advŽrbios interrogativos;
Determinantes (Determiners: all, most, no, none, either, neither, both,
etc.); Quantificadores (Quantifiers: a lot, a few, a little, etc.); AdvŽrbios:
forma•‹o, tipos e uso; Numerais; Preposi•›es; Conjun•›es; Verbos:
regulares, irregulares e auxiliares; Tempos verbais: Simple present,
Present progressive, Simple past, Past progressive, Future e Perfect
tenses; Modal verbs; Infinitivo e gerœndio; Modos imperativo e
subjuntivo; Vozes do verbo: ativa, passiva e reflexiva; Phrasal verbs;
Forma verbal enf‡tica; Question tags e tag answers; Discurso direto e
indireto; Estrutura da ora•‹o: per’odo composto (condicionais, relativas,
apositivas, etc.); Prefixos e sufixos; e Marcadores do discurso (By the
way, on the other hand, in addition, in my opinion, etc.).
Sabendo que voc• t•m outras disciplinas a estudar - e algumas atŽ com
peso maior - condensei de uma forma precisa os aspectos mais
relevantes da l’ngua e que s‹o mais comuns em estudos para concursos,
uma vez que interpretar textos significa que voc• precisa saber tudo:
gram‡tica, vocabul‡rio, tŽcnicas de interpreta•‹o, etc.
00000000000 - DEMO
Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Nesse curso a princ’pio - aula 00 - nos concentraremos nas tŽcnicas de
interpreta•‹o, abrangeremos nas aulas seguintes os principais itens
relevantes da gram‡tica da L’ngua Inglesa.
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Como s‹o formuladas as quest›es para a EEAR? A maior parte delas
vem com op•›es de A a D que s‹o frases completas; algumas das
quest›es trazem as op•›es com apenas 1 ou duas palavras, e Ž nesse
tipo de quest‹o que voc• pode atŽ resolver sem ir ao texto, no curso eu
explico como. Algumas quest›es pedem para preencher os espa•os em
brancos escolhendo a op•‹o adequada. S‹o abordados temas variados. A
t’tulo de exemplo, j‡ foram abordados temas sobre a NASA, aeroportos,
nutri•‹o e saœde, feriados nacionais e esportes. Procure ler assuntos
atuais, aqueles que est‹o em manchete. Se n‹o conseguir ainda ler em
Ingl•s v‡ lendo em Portugu•s mesmo. Ao ler em Ingl•s voc• observar‡
que os cognatos verdadeiros v‹o te ajudar a entender o texto.
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Ingl•s Instrumental
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conhecer o vocabul‡rio. Isso significa n‹o apenas aprender palavras
novas, mas tambŽm lembrar as que voc• j‡ aprendeu. Uma grande ajuda
s‹o os cognatos verdadeiros: quando voc• estiver diante de um texto
de L’ngua Inglesa, sempre observar‡ que existem palavras similares ˆ
L’ngua Portuguesa e que realmente s‹o o que parecem ser. Essas s‹o as
chamadas cognatos verdadeiros ou true friends (verdadeiros amigos).
Mas com esses voc• n‹o precisa se preocupar, o que confunde a maioria
dos alunos s‹o os Falsos Cognatos: S‹o tambŽm conhecidos como
False Friends (Falsos amigos). A boa not’cia Ž que eles s‹o a minoria,
ent‹o isso facilita para conhec•-los, e Ž importante que voc• os
reconhe•a pois por causa de um falso cognato pode-se perder uma
quest‹o, veja abaixo alguns dos falsos amigos que n‹o s‹o o que
parecem ser:
Pretend = Fingir
He pretends to be a doctor.
Ele finge que Ž medico.
Library = Biblioteca
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Actually, everyone on the bus had to exit.
Na verdade, todos no ™nibus tiveram que sair/descer.
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Parents (n) - pais
Policy (n) Ð Pol’tica (diretrizes)
Pull (v) - puxar
Push (v) - empurrar
Tax (n) - imposto
Vegetables (n) Ð verduras, legumes
Observe bem nos falsos cognatos acima, ent‹o da pr—xima vez que a
encontrar no texto voc• n‹o se confundir‡ e nem cair‡ nessas cascas de
banana, e assim treine com os citados acima e outros false cognates
(false friends) ˆ medida que os for conhecendo, pois visto que s‹o a
minoria, se voc• os conhecer, j‡ ficar‡ tranqŸilo ao encontrar os
verdadeiros cognatos (true friends). Ao elaborar as quest›es, as bancas
gostam de usar os falsos cognatos como pegadinhas.
I stopped and asked the two officers if there was a problem. (Dallas
News)
Parei e perguntei aos dois policiais se havia um problema.
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Todos pensam que os Diretores-presidentes podem fazer tudo o que
querem.
Cognatos Significados
demonstration demonstra•‹o; manifesta•‹o
interest interesse; juros (em contexto
fiscal, econ™mico, financeiro)
prejudice preconceito; preju’zo (em
contexto jur’dico),
union uni‹o, sindicato
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
novas. AlŽm do caderno, voc• tambŽm pode usar um cartaz, p›e na
parede e vai escrevendo e repetindo. Tenha como alvo aprender 5
palavras novas por dia e sempre repita aquelas que j‡ aprendeu. Se o seu
n’vel de Ingl•s j‡ for intermedi‡rio ou avan•ado, escreva a frase toda e
n‹o apenas a palavra solta. AlŽm do caderno e/ou cartaz, voc• tambŽm
pode escrever em notas adesivas e espalhar pela casa nos lugares onde
voc• possa sempre ver. O seu subconsciente vai assimilando as palavras
e elas se fixar‹o na sua mente. Se n‹o repetir, vai esquecer!
E quando aparecer no texto uma palavra que voc• nunca viu? Observe o
contexto e use sua intui•‹o! Isso mesmo, muitas vezes voc• deduzir‡
a tradu•‹o de um segmento apenas pelo contexto e/ou pela sua
intui•‹o, aliado ao seu conhecimento acumulado de mundo, de outras
provas ou leituras. A intui•‹o nesse momento ser‡ uma grande aliada,
portanto n‹o desanime quando no meio de uma frase tiver uma palavra
que voc• n‹o conhece, pois isso sempre acontecer‡, afinal atŽ mesmo na
nossa l’ngua materna n‹o conhecemos todas as palavras do dicion‡rio,
n‹o Ž mesmo? Siga em frente e use e abuse da sua intui•‹o.
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Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
E o passo mais importante, que reune todas as tŽcnicas e dicas que vimos
aqui: Fazer exerc’cios! Praticar e praticar resolvendo quest›es de
provas passadas. Seguem abaixo as tŽcnicas a serem aplicadas durante
os exerc’cios.
Skimming - uma leitura r‡pida do texto apenas para ter uma no•‹o
geral. MŽtodo onde o leitor move rapidamente os olhos sobre o texto com
o objetivo de perceber o pensamento dominante do autor e ter uma vis‹o
completa do assunto.
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etc. Concentre-se nelas quando estiver analisando o texto em busca de
respostas. Agora voc• j‡ est‡ munido das ferramentas, Ž s— us‡-las.
EsPCEx - 2016
2015 was unquestionably the year of the migrant. The news was
dominated for months by pictures of vast crowds shuffling through the
borders of yet another European country, being treated with brutality in
some places and given a reluctant welcome in others.
When researching a report for radio and television about the migrant
phenomenon, it is possible to realize that there was nothing new about it.
For many years, waves of displaced and frightened people have broken
over Europe again and again and the images have been strikingly similar
each time.
In 1945, __________ (1) the ethnic Germans, forced out of their homes
in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Russia and obliged to seek shelter in a
shattered and divided Germany. More recently, we can see floods of
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Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
Albanian refugees escaping from the ethnic cleansing of the Serbian
forces in Kosovo in 1998 and 1999.
Yet there is one major difference between these waves of migrants in the
past and the one we saw in 2015. Professor Alex Betts, director of the
Refugee Studies Centre at Oxford University says that it was the first time
Europe faced people coming in from the outside in large numbers as
refugees. He explains: ÒThe fact that many are Muslims is perceived as
challenging EuropeÕs identity.Ó European societies are changing very fast,
indeed, as a result of immigration. In London, for instance, more than
300 languages are now spoken, according to a recent academic study.
The influx of migrants reinforces peopleÕs sense that their identity is
under threat.
But how can the world deal conclusively with the problem? The former UN
under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs, Sir John Holmes,
blames global governance. ÒOther powers are rising,Ó he says - Syria is an
example of this. ÒAnd the United States doesnÕt have the influence it once
did, so the problemÕs not being fixed, no-oneÕs waving the big stick and
weÕre having to pick up the pieces.Ó We have endured an entire century of
exile and homelessness and the cause is always the same - conflict and
bad government. Unless these are dealt with, the flow of migrants will
never be stopped.
Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-35091772
Coment‡rios:
01. Choose the alternative containing the correct verbal tense to complete
gap (1) in paragraph 3.
[A] there to be
[B] there will be
[C] there are
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Teoria e Questões comentadas
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[D] there were
[E] there have been
01. Choose the alternative containing the correct verbal tense to complete
gap (1) in paragraph 3.
01. Escolha a alternativa que contŽm a forma verbal correta para
completar a lacuna (1) no par‡grafo 3.
A forma verbal there to be est‡ no Infinitivo e por isso n‹o serve para
preencher o espa•o vazio, pois na passagem o texto refere-se a 1945,
estamos falando do passado. Portanto, o verbo tem que est‡ no tempo
verbal passado, que Ž there were (havia, existiam) e no plural pois se
refere aos alem‹es (germans) no plural. Op•‹o errada.
A forma verbal there will be est‡ no Futuro, e por isso n‹o serve para
preencher o espa•o vazio, pois na passagem o texto refere-se a 1945,
estamos falando do passado. Portanto, o verbo tem que est‡ no tempo
verbal passado, que Ž there were (havia, existiam) e no plural pois se
refere aos alem‹es (germans) no plural. Op•‹o errada.
A forma verbal there are (h‡ no plural) n‹o serve para preencher o
espa•o vazio, pois na passagem o texto refere-se a 1945, estamos
falando do passado. Portanto, o verbo tem que est‡ no tempo verbal
passado, que Ž there were (havia, existiam) e no plural pois se refere
aos alem‹es (germans) no plural. Op•‹o errada.
00000000000 - DEMO
Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
In 1945, there were the ethnic Germans, forced out of their homes in
Poland, Czechoslovakia and Russia and obliged to seek shelter in a
shattered and divided Germany.
Em 1945, houve os alem‹es Žtnicos que foram expulsos de suas casas
na Pol™nia, Tchecoslov‡quia e Rœssia e obrigados a procurar abrigo em
uma Alemanha dividida e despeda•ada.
Essa quest‹o aborda o uso do verbo haver, ter (no sentido de existir). Ele
Ž mais conhecido nas suas formas do tempo verbal Presente: there is
(h‡ no singular) e there are (h‡ no plural). Mas como a passagem no
texto refere-se a 1945, estamos fando do passado. Portanto, o verbo tem
que est‡ no tempo verbal passado, que Ž there were (havia, existiam) e
no plural pois se refere aos alem‹es (germans) no plural. Essa Ž a
correta.
A forma verbal there have been est‡ no Present Perfect. Portanto, n‹o
serve para preencher o espa•o vazio, pois na passagem o texto refere-se
a 1945, estamos falando do passado. Portanto, o verbo tem que est‡ no
tempo verbal passado, que Ž there were (havia, existiam) e no plural
pois se refere aos alem‹es (germans) que est‡ no plural. Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: D
02. According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct
alternative.
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VI Ð Conflicts and poor governance are the reasons for the migration.
02. According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct
alternative.
02. De acordo com o texto, leia as declara•›es e escolha a alternativa
correta.
I Ð There isnÕt anything new about the current migrant crisis. = N‹o h‡
nada de novo sobre a crise de imigrantes da atualidade.
O pr—prio t’tulo do texto diz: This migrant crisis is different from all others
(Essa crise de migrantes Ž diferente de todas as outras). AlŽm disso, o
texto diz que existe uma grande diferen•a entre essas ondas de
migrantes no passado e aquela que vimos em 2015. O professor Alex
Betts, diretor do Centro de Estudos para Refugiados da Universidade de
Oxford, diz que foi a primeira vez que a Europa enfrentou pessoas vindo
do exterior em grande nœmero como refugiados. Errada.
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Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
III Ð This migrant phenomenon is interfering in EuropeÕs society. = o
fen™meno da imigra•‹o est‡ interferindo na sociedade europeia.
Embora o texto fale que em Londres, por exemplo, mais de 300 l’nguas
s‹o faladas agora, de acordo com um recente estudo acad•mico, os
europeus n‹o est‹o preocupados em aprender novas l’nguas. A
preocupa•‹o deles Ž com o afluxo de migrantes, pois este refor•a o
sentimento das pessoas de que sua identidade est‡ sob amea•a. Errada.
ÒOther powers are rising,Ó he says - Syria is an example of this. ÒAnd the
United States doesnÕt have the influence it once did, so the problemÕs not
being fixed, no-oneÕs waving the big stick and weÕre having to pick up the
pieces.Ó
"Outros poderes est‹o aumentando", diz ele - a S’ria Ž um exemplo disto.
"E os Estados Unidos n‹o t•m a influ•ncia que tinham anteriormente,
ent‹o o problema n‹o est‡ sendo corrigido, ninguŽm est‡ recorrendo ao
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uso da for•a, ou linha dura, e n—s estamos tendo que remediar os
estragos."
O segmento acima deixa bem claro que a S’ria est‡ se tornando poderosa
e que n‹o h‡ controle sobre isso pois o problema n‹o est‡ sendo
corrigido. Correta.
VI Ð Conflicts and poor governance are the reasons for the migration. =
os conflitos e a governan•a insatisfat—ria s‹o as raz›es para a imigra•‹o.
GABARITO: C
03. Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes the expression for
instance in the sentence ÒIn London, for instance, more than 300
languages...Ó (paragraph 4).
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Teoria e Questões comentadas
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[B] such as
[C] on the other hand
[D] however
[E] no exception
03. Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes the expression for
instance in the sentence ÒIn London, for instance, more than 300
languages...Ó (paragraph 4).
Embora o such as signifique tal como, tais como e por exemplo, ele n‹o
pode ser usado nessa frase. Observe que a express‹o for instance est‡
entre v’rgulas. O such as n‹o poderia ficar entre v’rgulas sozinho, ele
sempre Ž acompanhado da palavra que indica o exemplo citado. Nesse
caso deixaria o texto incoerente e gramaticalmente confuso. Op•‹o
errada.
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[C] on the other hand = por outro lado e [D] however = entretanto
GABARITO: A
Translation
2015 was unquestionably the year of the migrant. The news was
dominated for months by pictures of vast crowds shuffling through the
borders of yet another European country, being treated with brutality in
some places and given a reluctant welcome in others.
When researching a report for radio and television about the migrant
phenomenon, it is possible to realize that there was nothing new about it.
For many years, waves of displaced and frightened people have broken
00000000000 - DEMO
Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
over Europe again and again and the images have been strikingly similar
each time.
In 1945, there were the ethnic Germans, forced out of their homes in
Poland, Czechoslovakia and Russia and obliged to seek shelter in a
shattered and divided Germany. More recently, we can see floods of
Albanian refugees escaping from the ethnic cleansing of the Serbian
forces in Kosovo in 1998 and 1999.
Yet there is one major difference between these waves of migrants in the
past and the one we saw in 2015. Professor Alex Betts, director of the
Refugee Studies Centre at Oxford University says that it was the first time
Europe faced people coming in from the outside in large numbers as
refugees.
00000000000 - DEMO
Língua Inglesa para EEAR
Teoria e Questões comentadas
Profª. Ena Smith
He explains: ÒThe fact that many are Muslims is perceived as challenging
EuropeÕs identity.Ó European societies are changing very fast, indeed, as a
result of immigration. In London, for instance, more than 300 languages
are now spoken, according to a recent academic study. The influx of
migrants reinforces peopleÕs sense that their identity is under threat.
Ele explica: "O fato de que muitos s‹o mu•ulmanos Ž percebido como um
desafio ˆ identidade da Europa." As sociedades europŽias est‹o mudando
muito rapidamente, na verdade, como resultado da imigra•‹o. Em
Londres, por exemplo, mais de 300 l’nguas s‹o faladas agora, de acordo
com um recente estudo acad•mico. O afluxo de migrantes refor•a o
sentimento das pessoas de que sua identidade est‡ sob amea•a.
But how can the world deal conclusively with the problem? The former UN
under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs, Sir John Holmes,
blames global governance. ÒOther powers are rising,Ó he says - Syria is an
example of this. ÒAnd the United States doesnÕt have the influence it once
did, so the problemÕs not being fixed, no-oneÕs waving the big stick and
weÕre having to pick up the pieces.Ó We have endured an entire century of
exile and homelessness and the cause is always the same - conflict and
bad government. Unless these are dealt with, the flow of migrants will
never be stopped.
Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-35091772
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governo. A menos que estes sejam administrados, o fluxo de migrantes
nunca ser‡ interrompido.
Adaptado de http://www.bbc.com/news/world-35091772
ANPAD Ð Setembro/2016
TEXT 1
Kleptocracy Initiative
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vested interest in continuing the flow of capital, and facilitate foreign
corruption. They become less supportive of democratic foreign policy
objectives because reforms abroad may impact their financial interests at
home.
While we cannot directly control the behavior of other countries, we
can protect our freedom and democracy by denying safe haven to the
money stolen by kleptocratic regimes hostile to our interests. We can
reduce the influence of enablers, standing up to those within our ranks
who profit from these regimes.
(Kleptocracy Initiative. Available at: <http://kleptocracyinitiative.org>.
Access on: 30 April 2016.)
Coment‡rios:
04. According to the text, Kleptocrats are
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B) confronted by their own citizenry. = confrontados pelo seu pr—prio
povo. e D) concerned with national economies. = preocupados com
economias nacionais.
O texto n‹o diz isso. O que o texto diz, Ž que os cleptocratas s‹o
preocupados apenas com o seu enriquecimento pessoal, e usam o poder
pol’tico n‹o s— para governar, mas tambŽm para roubar descaradamente
de seus pr—prios cidad‹os. Os cleptocratas n‹o se preocupam com
economias nacionais. Op•›es erradas.
O segmento do texto acima que aparece logo no in’cio deixa bem claro
que os cleptocratas s‹o parte de uma elite bem-conectada. Essa Ž a
op•‹o correta.
GABARITO: C
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05. The text states that
Rather than keeping the money at home, they hide their illicit capital in
countries where the rule of law is strong. Ironically, the West is
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participating in the kleptocratic system by safeguarding these stolen
funds.
GABARITO: C
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A) may have a vested interest in the flow of illicit capital.
B) needs to confront countries where the rule of law is
strong.
C) can check the influence of kleptocracy enablers in America.
D) must expand territorially to protect freedom and
democracy.
E) should control the behaviour of countries hostile to
America.
A) may have a vested interest in the flow of illicit capital. = pode ter um
grande interesse no fluxo de capitais il’citos.
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Today's unchecked kleptocrats are demonstrating contempt for
international law, resulting in territorial expansionism that threatens US
national security.
Os cleptocratas n‹o fiscalizados de hoje est‹o demonstrando desprezo
pelo direito internacional, resultando em expansionismo territorial que
amea•a a seguran•a nacional americana.
GABARITO: C
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A) Instead of.
B) In spite of.
C) In favour of.
D) In exchange for.
E) In pursuance of.
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As express›es s‹o sin™nimas e podem perfeitamente substituir uma a
outra sem preju’zo para a interpreta•‹o textual. Essa Ž a op•‹o correta.
Essa express‹o Ž usada para indicar uma troca de algo e n‹o serve para
substituir aquela do texto pois n‹o Ž sin™nimo dela. Errada.
GABARITO: A
A) Since.
B) When.
C) Where.
D) Because.
E) Although.
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08. WHILE (line 15) = EMBORA (linha 15)
B) When. = Quando.
Esse conectivo expressa ideia de tempo e n‹o serve para substituir aquele
==0==
C) Where. = Onde.
Esse conectivo expressa ideia de lugar e n‹o serve para substituir aquele
do texto pois n‹o Ž sin™nimo dele. Errada.
Esse conectivo introduz uma explica•‹o e n‹o serve para substituir aquele
do texto. Errada.
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GABARITO: E
09. STANDING UP TO (line 17)
A) Ignoring.
B) Protecting.
C) Tolerating.
D) Confronting.
E) Intimidating.
A) Ignoring. = ignorando.
Esse verbo tem significado oposto ˆquele do texto. Pois o texto n‹o diz
que deve ignorar aqueles nas nossas classes sociais que lucram a partir
desses regimes. Portanto, n‹o serve para substitu’-lo. Op•‹o errada.
B) Protecting. = protegendo.
Muito pelo contr‡rio, o texto n‹o diz que se deve proteger aqueles nas
nossas classes sociais que lucram a partir desses regimes. Portanto, n‹o
serve para substitu’-lo. Op•‹o errada.
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C) Tolerating. = tolerando.
Muito pelo contr‡rio, o texto n‹o diz que se deve apenas tolerar aqueles
nas nossas classes sociais que lucram a partir desses regimes. Portanto,
n‹o serve para substitu’-lo. Op•‹o errada.
D) Confronting. = confrontando.
E) Intimidating. = intimidando.
O texto n‹o diz que se deve intimidar ou amea•ar aqueles nas nossas
classes sociais que lucram a partir desses regimes. Portanto, n‹o serve
para substitu’-lo. Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: D
TranslationATT
Kleptocracy Initiative
Iniciativa Cleoptocracia
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Kleptocracy is a system in which national economies are exploited for the
illicit enrichment of a well-connected elite. Kleptocracies promote
widespread, systemic corruption affecting the lives of citizens, and
threatening individuals and institutions abroad. The Kleptocracy Initiative
confronts threats posed by kleptocratic regimes.
Rather than keeping the money at home, they hide their illicit capital in
countries where the rule of law is strong. Ironically, the West is
participating in the kleptocratic system by safeguarding these stolen
funds. Our professional world is full of enablers Ñ bankers, lawyers,
lobbyists, and even legislators Ñ who profit from these funds, develop a
vested interest in continuing the flow of capital, and facilitate foreign
corruption. They become less supportive of democratic foreign policy
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objectives because reforms abroad may impact their financial interests at
home.
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6 Ð Texto 3, Quest›es Comentadas e Tradu•‹o
ANPAD - 2008
Matriculate while-u-wait
Tom Petty had it right: The waiting is the hardest part. Now William &
Maryand Wake Forest B-schools are doing something about that. They
have come up with an express service for admissions that reduces the
months-long wait for acceptance notification to a matter of hours by
replacing the lengthy application essay with an hour-long face-to-face
interview by faculty and school administrators. At both schools, about
10% of all applicants used the fast-track process, which the schools say is
more effective than traditional applications because it requires students to
demonstrate business skills such as preparedness and grace under fire.
Extra’do do Business Week, n. 4078, p.92, April, 2008.
Coment‡rios:
10. The title of the text refers to the fact that students
A) are requested to wait outside the interview room before they get a
notification.
B) can write their applications while they wait to talk with interviewers.
C) have to show their business skills by filling application forms and
writing essays.
D) learn they have been accepted and can enroll shortly after their
interviews.
E) still have to wait for long periods to get admitted to some business
colleges
10. The title of the text refers to the fact that students
10. O t’tulo do texto se refere ao fato de que os alunos
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A) are requested to wait outside the interview room before they get a
notification. = s‹o convidados a esperar fora da sala de entrevistas antes
de receberem uma notifica•‹o
N‹o tem nada a ver com esperar fora da sala. A espera a que o t’tulo se
refere Ž o tempo que se espera para fazer a matr’cula. Errada.
B) can write their applications while they wait to talk with interviewers. =
podem fazer suas inscri•›es, enquanto esperam para falar com os
entrevistadores.
N‹o tem nada a ver com esperar para falar com os entrevistadores. A
espera a que o t’tulo se refere Ž o tempo que se espera para fazer a
matr’cula. Errada.
D) learn they have been accepted and can enroll shortly after their
interviews. = sabem que foram aceitos e podem se matricular
brevemente ap—s suas entrevistas.
Matriculate while-u-wait
Matricule-se enquanto espera
They have come up with an express service for admissions that reduces
the months-long wait for acceptance notification to a matter of hours by
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replacing the lengthy application essay with an hour-long face-to-face
interview by faculty and school administrators.
O texto deixa bem claro que com esse novo processo, o aluno pode se
matricular ao passo que espera, ou seja, n‹o se exige longos per’odos de
espera para poder saber que foi aprovado e ent‹o fazer a matr’cula. Essa
Ž a op•‹o correta.
E) still have to wait for long periods to get admitted to some business
colleges = ainda tem que esperar por longos per’odos para serem
admitidos em algumas faculdades de neg—cios
GABARITO: D
11. According to the text, the new admission process is more effective
because
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11. According to the text, the new admission process is more effective
because
11. De acordo com o texto, o novo processo de admiss‹o Ž mais efetivo
por que
A) 10% of all applicants at both schools have used it. = 10% de todos os
proponentes em ambas as escolas o tem usado.
At both schools, about 10% of all applicants used the fast-track process,
which the schools say is more effective than traditional applications
because it requires students to demonstrate business skills such as
preparedness and grace under fire.
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Em ambas as escolas, cerca de 10% de todos os candidatos usou o
processo acelerado, que as escolas dizem que Ž mais eficaz do que os
procedimentos tradicionais, porque requer que os alunos demonstrem
habilidades de neg—cios, tais como prontid‹o e permanecer calmo sob
press‹o.
N‹o Ž que s‹o menores, elas foram substitu’das por uma entrevista em
pessoa. Errada.
GABARITO: C
Translation
Matriculate while-u-wait
Matricule-se enquanto espera
Tom Petty had it right: The waiting is the hardest part. Now William &
Maryand Wake Forest B-schools are doing something about that. They
have come up with an express service for admissions that reduces the
months-long wait for acceptance notification to a matter of hours by
00000000000 - DEMO
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replacing the lengthy application essay with an hour-long face-to-face
interview by faculty and school administrators. At both schools, about
10% of all applicants used the fast-track process, which the schools say is
more effective than traditional applications because it requires students to
demonstrate business skills such as preparedness and grace under fire.
Extra’do de Business Week, n. 4078, p.92, April, 2008.
Tom Petty tinha raz‹o: A espera Ž a parte mais dif’cil. Agora as escolas
William & Maryand Wake Forest B - est‹o fazendo algo sobre isso. Elas
inventaram um servi•o expresso para admiss›es que reduz os meses do
tempo de espera para a notifica•‹o de aceita•‹o a uma quest‹o de
horas, substituindo a longa reda•‹o do processo de inscri•‹o por uma
entrevista em pessoa, de uma hora de dura•‹o, feita pelos
administradores e corpo docente da escola. Em ambas as escolas, cerca
de 10% de todos os candidatos usou o processo acelerado, que as escolas
dizem que Ž mais eficaz do que os procedimentos tradicionais, porque
requer que os alunos demonstrem habilidades de neg—cios, tais como
prontid‹o e permanecer calmo sob press‹o.
Extra’do de Business Week, n. 4078, p.92, April de 2008.
ANPAD - 2013
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Baniwa. One of the first potential outlets identified was an annual flower
fair called ExpoFlora that is held every year in Holambra, in the state of
S‹o Paulo (SP). The idea was to sell the Baniwa baskets as flower-
holders, a unique decorative piece for homes and offices.
In addition, Tok & Stok placed an order for more baskets, paying three
times more than the artisans were used to receiving for their work in the
local markets of the Northwest Brazilian Amazon. With these two actions,
Tok & Stok thus became a privileged partner and outlet of the Arte
Baniwa project.
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also for introducing the element of competitive pricing to the project, as
the company had more strict commercial policies than the other buyers
and partners of the project. This partnership with the P‹o de A•œcar
Group was only possible because there were long discussions between the
company and the project (Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
For the ISA as a NGO that defends the indigenous rights, it was important
to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of project by showing that these
initiatives can be sustainable in social, economic and ecological ways. The
Arte Baniwa is recognized as a sustainable development project, thus
materializing its belief in the interdependence between biodiversity and
socio-diversity (Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
Coment‡rios:
12. Why did many of the participating Baniwa artisans withdraw from the
Arte Baniwa project after the ExpoFlora?
a) They did not like the idea of their baskets being used as flower bolders.
b) Being from the Amazon, the artisans did not feel comfortable in S‹o
Paulo.
c) Sales and profits suffered because of logistics problems and a lack of
institutional support.
d) They were not able to produce enough baskets to fill the large order
requested by Expoflora participants.
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e) The Northwest Brazilian Amazon shipping company damaged the
baskets during delivery, resulting in poor sales and revenues.
12. Why did many of the participating Baniwa artisans withdraw from the
Arte Baniwa project after the ExpoFlora?
12. Por que muitos dos artes‹os que participaram do projeto Baniwa
desistiram depois da ExpoFlora?
a) They did not like the idea of their baskets being used as flower
bolders. = Eles n‹o gostaram da ideia das suas cestas serem usadas
como arranjos de flores.
b) Being from the Amazon, the artisans did not feel comfortable in S‹o
Paulo. = J‡ que vieram do Amazonas, os artes‹os n‹o se sentiram ˆ
vontade em S‹o Paulo
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falta de patroc’nio institucional na feira resultou em vendas e receitas
fracas, desapontando os artes‹os ap—s o ‡rduo trabalho.
d) They were not able to produce enough baskets to fill the large order
requested by Expoflora participants. = Eles n‹o foram capazes de
produzir bastante cestas para suprir a grande encomenda feita pelos
participantes da Expoflora.
O texto diz que eles trabalharam arduamente. O motivo n‹o foi causado
por eles mesmos. Errada.
O texto diz que houve problemas com o transporte dos produtos vindos
do noroeste da Amaz™nia brasileira para o Estado de S‹o Paulo (SP), mas
n‹o especifica que problemas s‹o esses. Errada.
GABARITO: C
13. When did the authors finish collecting data for this research project?
13. Quando os autores terminaram de coletar dados para esse projeto de
pesquisa?
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a) 1990
b) 2004
c) 2005
d) 2009
e) 2011
GABARITO: C
14. In lines 13-14 of the text, Tok & Stok is identified as a potential outlet
for Arte Baniwa products. What word could be used as a substitute for
potential in the text?
a) Powerful
b) Commercial
c) Profitable
d) Possible
e) Partner
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14. In lines 13-14 of the text, Tok & Stok is identified as a potential outlet
for Arte Baniwa products. What word could be used as a substitute for
potential in the text?
14. Nas linhas 13-14 do texto, a Tok & Stok Ž identificada como um
mercado potencial para os produtos da Arte Baniwa. Que palavra poderia
ser usada como um substituto para potencial no texto?
b) Commercial = comercial
d) Possible = poss’vel
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Pode-se perfeitamente substituir uma palavra pela outra sem preju’zo da
interpreta•‹o textual, pois s‹o sin™nimas. Essa Ž a op•‹o correta.
e) Partner = parceiro
A palavra citada na op•‹o n‹o Ž sin™nima daquela do texto. Errada.
GABARITO: D
15. Based upon the text as presented, what seems to be the reasoning
behind the Arte Baniwa project?
15. Based upon the text as presented, what seems to be the reasoning
behind the Arte Baniwa project?
15. Baseado no texto como apresentado, o que parece ser a raz‹o por
tr‡s do projeto da Arte Baniwa?
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b) To establish a distribution network for Amazon Indian baskets. =
estabelecer uma rede de distribui•‹o para as cestas ind’genas
amaz™nicas.
c) To integrate the Baniwa people of the Brazilian Amazon into the formal
Brazilian economy. = integrar o povo Baniwa da Amaz™nia brasileira na
economia formal brasileira.
d) To expose the Brazilian public to Baniwa arts and crafts by selling them
in popular stores, such as Tok & Stok and P‹o de A•ucar. = expor ao
pœblico brasileiro ˆs artes e artesanatos Baniwa por vend•-los em lojas
populares, como a Tok & Stok e o P‹o de A•œcar.
The success of the Arte Baniwa project has obviously benefited the
indigenous organization OIBI, the Baniwa communities affiliated with the
project, and the ISA. For the ISA as a NGO that defends the indigenous
rights, it was important to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of
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project by showing that these initiatives can be sustainable in social,
economic and ecological ways. The Arte Baniwa is recognized as a
sustainable development project, thus materializing its belief in the
interdependence between biodiversity and socio-diversity (Unterstell &
Martins, 2004).
GABARITO: E
16. How did the P‹o de A•ucar Group become a partner of the Arte
Baniwa project?
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e) Once the Arte Baniwa products gained greater visibility, the P‹o de
A•ucar Group became aware of the Arte Baniwa and wanted to become a
partner.
16. How did the P‹o de A•ucar Group become a partner of the Arte
Baniwa project?
16. Como o Grupo P‹o de A•ucar se tornou um parceiro do projeto de
Arte Baniwa?
This partnership with the P‹o de A•œcar Group was only possible because
there were long discussions between the company and the project.
Esta parceria com o Grupo P‹o de A•œcar s— foi poss’vel porque houve
longas discuss›es entre a empresa e o projeto.
b) After the Arte Baniwa project introduced competitive pricing, the P‹o
de A•ucar Group became interested. = Depois que o projeto Arte Baniwa
introduziu pre•o competitivo, o P‹o de A•ucar se interessou.
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c) As a privileged partner, Tok & Stok introduced the Arte Baniwa project
to the P‹o de A•ucar Group. = como um parceiro privilegiado, a Tok &
Stok introduziu o projeto Arte Baniwa ao Grupo P‹o de A•ucar.
A Tok & Stok n‹o foi intermedi‡ria nessas negocia•›es. Errada.
O texto n‹o diz que o Grupo P‹o de A•ucar comprou as cestas Baniwa na
ExpoFlora. Errada.
e) Once the Arte Baniwa products gained greater visibility, the P‹o de
A•ucar Group became aware of the Arte Baniwa and wanted to become a
partner. = Uma vez que os produtos Arte Baniwa ganharam maior
visibilidade, o Grupo P‹o de A•ucar ficou sabendo da Arte Baniwa e quis
se tornar um parceiro.
Pelo contr‡rio, foi a parceria com o P‹o de A•ucar que deu visibilidade aos
produtos Baniwa. Errada.
GABARITO: A
Translation
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ExpoFlora that is held every year in Holambra, in the state of S‹o Paulo
(SP). The idea was to sell the Baniwa baskets as flower-holders, a unique
decorative piece for homes and offices.
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credibilidade (Martins & Unterstell, 2009; Unterstell & Martins, 2004;
Wright, 2009).
In addition, Tok & Stok placed an order for more baskets, paying three
times more than the artisans were used to receiving for their work in the
local markets of the Northwest Brazilian Amazon. With these two actions,
Tok & Stok thus became a privileged partner and outlet of the Arte
Baniwa project.
AlŽm disso, a Tok & Stok fez uma encomenda de mais cestas, pagando
tr•s vezes mais do que os artes‹os costumavam receber pelo seu
trabalho nos mercados locais do noroeste da Amaz™nia brasileira. Com
essas duas a•›es, a Tok & Stok tornou-se, assim, um parceiro e mercado
privilegiado do projeto Arte Baniwa.
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responsible not only for giving great visibility to the Baniwa products, but
also for introducing the element of competitive pricing to the project, as
the company had more strict commercial policies than the other buyers
and partners of the project. This partnership with the P‹o de A•œcar
Group was only possible because there were long discussions between the
company and the project (Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
00000000000 - DEMO
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For the ISA as a NGO that defends the indigenous rights, it was important
to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of project by showing that these
initiatives can be sustainable in social, economic and ecological ways. The
Arte Baniwa is recognized as a sustainable development project, thus
materializing its belief in the interdependence between biodiversity and
socio-diversity (Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
Para o ISA como uma ONG que defende os direitos ind’genas, foi
importante para demonstrar a viabilidade deste tipo de projeto,
mostrando que estas iniciativas podem ser sustent‡veis de formas
sociais, econ™micas e ecol—gicas. A Arte Baniwa Ž reconhecida como um
projeto de desenvolvimento sustent‡vel, materializando assim a sua
cren•a na interdepend•ncia entre a biodiversidade e sociodiversidade
(Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
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When the risk of future losses increases or when rates are inadequate,
insurers become more selective about the degree of risk they will assume
in an effort to preserve their profit margin. However, redlining, defined as
refusal to issue or renew, or cancel an insurance policy based on the
geographic location of the structure or individual to be insured, is illegal in
every state.
Because losses tend to be higher in urban areas, rates for auto and
home insurance are often higher than average in inner cities. This has
raised questions about the availability and affordability of insurance in
urban communities. Responding to these concerns, the insurance industry
is redoubling its efforts to enhance the insurability of inner city properties
and to push for changes in auto insurance that would enable drivers to
have more coverage options.
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No entanto, redlining (exclus‹o de clientes potenciais por motivos
discriminat—rios), definida como a recusa em emitir ou renovar ou
cancelar uma ap—lice de seguro com base na localiza•‹o geogr‡fica da
estrutura ou indiv’duo a ser segurado, Ž ilegal em cada estado.
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O significado do termo redlining nada tem a ver com um sistema de
quotas.
Trata-se de discrimina•‹o. Errada.
GABARITO: A
Ambas op•›es dizem a mesma coisa. E s— por isso nenhuma poderia ser o
gabarito, sen‹o daria anula•‹o da quest‹o. Ambas dizem o contr‡rio do
que diz o texto. Nas ‡reas urbanas a perda Ž maior e n‹o menor. Erradas.
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underwriting = subscri•‹o de riscos, Ž o processo de aceitar ou rejeitar
riscos e definir os pr•mios a serem cobrados e segue pol’ticas
previamente tra•adas pela empresa.
Because losses tend to be higher in urban areas, rates for auto and home
insurance are often higher than average in inner cities.
J‡ que as perdas tendem a ser maior nas ‡reas urbanas, as taxas para
autom—veis e seguro de casa s‹o frequentemente mais elevadas do que a
mŽdia em ‡reas dilapidadas dos centros urbanos.
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Nos Estados Unidos a ‡rea central das grandes cidades (inner city) muitas
vezes Ž degradada, enquanto os subœrbios afastados s‹o bairros
agrad‡veis. Devido essas ‡reas urbanas estarem mais expostas ao dano,
suas taxas podem frequentemente exceder a mŽdia. Esta Ž a op•‹o
correta.
GABARITO: E
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a) is worried about the urban insurance issues = a) est‡ preocupada com
as quest›es de seguro urbanas.
Should = deve, deveria > usado como auxiliar para moldar um verbo
principal, para se dar um conselho, advert•ncia ou expressar uma
obriga•‹o; sempre vem antes de um verbo. (t—pico visto na aula 03)
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o faz. Ora, se a industria de seguros j‡ se preocupa com as quest›es
urbanas, n‹o tem l—gica dizer que ela deveria fazer isso. Op•‹o errada.
O texto n‹o diz isso, n‹o se fala nada nem sobre cancelamento de
ap—lices e nem sobre previs‹o de perdas. Op•›es erradas.
GABARITO: A
Translation
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become more selective about the degree of risk they will assume in an
effort to preserve their profit margin.
Because losses tend to be higher in urban areas, rates for auto and home
insurance are often higher than average in inner cities. This has raised
questions about the availability and affordability of insurance in urban
communities.
J‡ que as perdas tendem a ser maior nas ‡reas urbanas, as taxas para
autom—veis e seguro de casa s‹o frequentemente mais elevadas do que a
mŽdia em ‡reas dilapidadas dos centros urbanos. Isso tem levantado
quest›es sobre a disponibilidade e acessibilidade de seguro em
comunidades urbanas.
Responding to these concerns, the insurance industry is redoubling its
efforts to enhance the insurability of inner city properties and to push for
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changes in auto insurance that would enable drivers to have more
coverage options.
Insurance Fraud
Those who commit insurance fraud are not easily identifiable. The
National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) says that insurance cheats
range from organized criminals, to unscrupulous doctors, lawyers,
vehicle body shop owners, to ordinary people who buy insurance.
Although the motivation to commit insurance fraud is always monetary,
the amount also varies greatly, from a few extra dollars on an insurance
claim, to thousands or more stolen by organized fraud rings.
The Insurance Information Institute estimates that
property/casualty insurance fraud cost insurers $24 billion in 1999.
According to Conning and 32049200382 Company, fraud cost the entire insurance
industry $96.2 billion in 1999.
Fraud rings have followed the path of technology to the Internet in
search of fraud opportunities. Along with the ease of electronic filing of
medical claims is the greater potential for committing fraud. ConningÕs
2000 study found that 84 percent of respondents to its fraud survey
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agree that the use of the Internet will create new classes of insurance
fraud.
Coment‡rios:
20 - According to the text, insurance fraud
The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) says that insurance cheats
range from organized criminals, to unscrupulous doctors, lawyers,
vehicle body shop owners, to ordinary people who buy insurance.
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The Insurance Information Institute estimates that property/casualty
insurance fraud cost insurers $24 billion in 1999.
d) has been prevented since 1999.= tem sido evitada desde 1999.
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O ano mencionado no texto 1999, Ž para mostrar a estat’stica de perda
financeira. O texto n‹o diz que desde esse ano a fraude tem sido
prevenida. Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: C
a) is likely to occur.
b) began in 1999.
c) is unlikely to happen.
d) worries the government.
e) is avoidable.
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O œltimo par‡grafo do texto deixa bem claro que na Žpoca a previs‹o era
de que era prov‡vel que o uso da Internet aumentaria as fraudes de
seguros. Esta Ž a op•‹o correta.
GABARITO: A
Translation
Insurance Fraud
Fraude em Seguros
Those who commit insurance fraud are not easily identifiable. The
National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) says that insurance cheats
range from organized criminals, to unscrupulous doctors, lawyers,
vehicle body shop owners, to ordinary people who buy insurance.
Although the motivation to commit insurance fraud is always monetary,
the amount also varies greatly, 32049200382 from a few extra dollars on an
insurance claim, to thousands or more stolen by organized fraud rings.
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Aqueles que cometem fraude em seguros n‹o s‹o facilmente
identific‡veis. A Ag•ncia Nacional de Crimes Securit‡rios (NICB) diz que
fraudes em seguros variam de criminosos organizados a mŽdicos
inescrupulosos, advogados, propriet‡rios de oficinas de funilaria para
ve’culos, a pessoas comuns que compram seguros. Embora a motiva•‹o
para cometer fraude de seguros Ž sempre monet‡ria, a quantidade
tambŽm varia muito, de alguns d—lares extras em uma reivindica•‹o de
seguro, a milhares ou mais roubados por anŽis de fraude organizada.
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Os Textos abaixo n‹o foram textos de provas. S‹o textos atuais
traduzidos para treinamento de vocabul‡rio.
Most refugees prefer work to handouts. But with the economy expected
to shrink by 3% this year, jobs are increasingly hard to find.
ÒEverything here is wonderfulÑexcept for jobs,Ó says Mobkaf Altawil, a
Syrian architect who fled to Brazil a year ago with his wife, who is a
lawyer. He bakes pizzas for a living; many others arenÕt so lucky. Until
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the economy returns to growth, Brazil is unlikely to become a popular
destinationÑno matter how warm the welcome.
http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21672360-government-
letting-refugees-problems-come-later-welcome
Vocabul‡rio Tradu•‹o
agreement acordo
border fronteira
for a living como meio de vida
grant conceder
growth crescimento
handout doa•‹o, donativo, esmola
increasingly crescentemente
issue emitir; quest‹o, assunto
lawyer advogado(a)
shrink encolher, diminuir
strengthen fortalecer, refor•ar
UN High Commissioner for Alto Comissariado das Na•›es
Refugees Unidas para os Refugiados
Translation
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a land of welcome,Ó President Dilma Rousseff wrote recently in an article
on the global migration crisis.
Ele ainda se estende a refugiados s’rios, cujo v™o para a Europa causou
uma crise l‡. Em 05 de outubro o governo do Brasil assinou um acordo
com o Alto Comissariado das Na•›es Unidas para os Refugiados
fortalecendo de um regime de dois anos, recentemente prorrogado por
mais dois anos, para acelerar os seus pedidos de visto.
These are filed in countries that border Syria. Brazil has issued visas to
8,000 Syrians so far and granted asylum to 2,100. That puts it ahead of
Italy and Spain (though these are smaller countries). BrazilÕs tiny Muslim
population of 35,000 is about to grow. In all, 18,000 asylum-seekers are
awaiting decisions.
Estes s‹o arquivados em pa’ses que fazem fronteira com a S’ria. O Brasil
emitiu vistos para 8.000 s’rios atŽ agora e concedeu asilo a 2.100. Isso o
coloca ˆ frente da It‡lia e da Espanha (embora estes sejam pa’ses
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menores). A pequena popula•‹o mu•ulmana do Brasil de 35.000 est‡
prestes a crescer. Ao todo, 18.000 requerentes de asilo est‹o aguardando
decis›es.
Most refugees prefer work to handouts. But with the economy expected to
shrink by 3% this year, jobs are increasingly hard to find. ÒEverything
here is wonderfulÑexcept for jobs,Ó says Mobkaf Altawil, a Syrian
architect who fled to Brazil a year ago with his wife, who is a lawyer. He
bakes pizzas for a living; many others arenÕt so lucky. Until the economy
returns to growth, Brazil is unlikely to become a popular destinationÑno
matter how warm the welcome.
http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21672360-government-
letting-refugees-problems-come-later-welcome
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the Wursts are a legacy of immigrants from Germany, Poland and other
central European countries who, along with northern Italians, settled the
region from the mid-19th century.
Southern Brazil, an area the size of France with a population of 29m, feels
like a region apart in other ways. Temperatures can drop below freezing
on hilly terrain; shacks in poor neighbourhoods of coastal cities are
topped with pitched roofs, as if built for snow. Southerners prefer yerba
mate tea to cafezinhos, and look as much towards Uruguay and Argentina
as to the rest of Brazil. Florian—polis, Santa CatarinaÕs capital, has flights
to Buenos Aires but not to Belo Horizonte, the capital of Minas Gerais,
BrazilÕs second-biggest state.
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This history has bequeathed to the region a relatively large middle class
and lower inequality than in the rest of Brazil. Its GDP per person is
above average. The governmentÕs main contribution has been not to
squander those advantages. The regionÕs pupils outperform most other
Brazilian schoolchildren in international tests. Its governments have
imposed less of the enterprise-crushing bureaucracy for which Brazil is
famous. Southern states are among BrazilÕs most competitive. In a
ranking by the Economist Intelligence Unit, a sister company of The
Economist, Paran‡ and Santa Catarina came second and third after S‹o
Paulo; Rio Grande do Sul placed ninth among BrazilÕs 27 states.
This has helped give the south the sort of economy that Brazil would like
to have, one that is diversified and largely independent of the commodity
cycle. Extractive industries account for less than 1% of GDP, compared
with an average of 4% in Brazil. Manufacturing produces 16-22% of
output, compared with 12% nationally.
http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21710848-regions-luck-
starts-climate-and-geography-brazils-three-southern-states-escape
Vocabul‡rio Tradu•‹o
average mŽdia, t’pico, comum
bequeathed legar, transmitir
drop cair
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) PIB (Produto Interno Bruto)
milder mais leve, moderado
outperform superar
output rendimento, produ•‹o
rate taxa
ravage dano, devasta•‹o
sales-tax receipts receitas de imposto sobre
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vendas
spared poupado, se livrado
squander desperdi•ar
strength for•a, resist•ncia, ponto forte
Translation
Southern Brazil, an area the size of France with a population of 29m, feels
like a region apart in other ways. Temperatures can drop below freezing
on hilly terrain; shacks in poor neighbourhoods of coastal cities are
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topped with pitched roofs, as if built for snow. Southerners prefer yerba
mate tea to cafezinhos, and look as much towards Uruguay and Argentina
as to the rest of Brazil. Florian—polis, Santa CatarinaÕs capital, has flights
to Buenos Aires but not to Belo Horizonte, the capital of Minas Gerais,
BrazilÕs second-biggest state.
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sinal de consumo resiliente. Em S‹o Paulo, a pot•ncia industrial brasileira,
elas tem ca’do em termos reais. Esse ponto forte tem suas origens na
hist—ria industrial, mas a regi‹o tambŽm tem algumas li•›es a ensinar ao
resto do pa’s.
This history has bequeathed to the region a relatively large middle class
and lower inequality than in the rest of Brazil. Its GDP per person is above
average. The governmentÕs main contribution has been not to squander
those advantages. The regionÕs pupils outperform most other Brazilian
schoolchildren in international tests. Its governments have imposed less
of the enterprise-crushing bureaucracy for which Brazil is famous.
Southern states are among BrazilÕs most competitive. In a ranking by the
Economist Intelligence Unit, a sister company of The Economist, Paran‡
and Santa Catarina came second and third after S‹o Paulo; Rio Grande do
Sul placed ninth among BrazilÕs 27 states.
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This has helped give the south the sort of economy that Brazil would like
to have, one that is diversified and largely independent of the commodity
cycle. Extractive industries account for less than 1% of GDP, compared
with an average of 4% in Brazil. Manufacturing produces 16-22% of
output, compared with 12% nationally.
http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21710848-regions-luck-
starts-climate-and-geography-brazils-three-southern-states-escape
Isso ajudou a dar ao sul o tipo de economia que o Brasil gostaria de ter,
uma que Ž diversificada e amplamente independente do ciclo de
commodities. As indœstrias extrativas representam menos de 1% do PIB,
em compara•‹o com uma mŽdia de 4% no Brasil. A fabrica•‹o produz 16
a 22% da produ•‹o, em compara•‹o com 12% a n’vel nacional.
Http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21710848-regions-luck-
starts-climate-and-geography-brazils-three-southern-states-escape
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Fazer exerc’cios resolvendo quest›es de v‡rias provas, e ler textos
com tradu•‹o Ž fundamental para a sua prepara•‹o, por isso, nas aulas
seguintes faremos muitos exerc’cios para que voc• fique familiarizado
com os assuntos mais cobrados pela EEAR.
12 - Vocabul‡rios
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manage administrar, gerenciar
partnership parceria
profit lucro, lucrar, favorecer-se
quartely trimestralmente
rate taxa
research pesquisa, estudo, an‡lise
rise subir, aumentar, elevar
shelter abrigo
shrink encolher, diminuir
sponsorship patroc’nio
statement declara•‹o, comunicado
threaten amea•ar
UN ONU
Sin™nimos (Synonyms):
applicant Ð claimant, petitioner
burden Ð load, onus, encumbrance
buy - purchase
challenging - demanding
citizenry Ð people, citizens
cope with Ð meet, conform to, gather
costly Ð expensive, pricey
dealing Ð transaction, relations
enabler Ð somebody who facilitates something
essay - composition
insurance Ð financial hedge
lawyer Ð attorney
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make out Ðspot, recognize, discern
manage Ð carry off, negotiate, pull off
partnership - cooperation
profit Ð earnings, gain
quarterly Ð every three months
rate Ð fee
research Ð study, paper, analysis
shelter - refuge
shrink Ð reduce, quail, flinch, condense, slim down
sponsorship - patronage
statement Ð declaration
steal Ð thieve, rob
UN Ð United Nations
2015 was unquestionably the year of the migrant. The news was
dominated for months by pictures of vast crowds shuffling through the
borders of yet another European country, being treated with brutality in
some places and given a reluctant welcome in others.
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When researching a report for radio and television about the migrant
phenomenon, it is possible to realize that there was nothing new about it.
For many years, waves of displaced and frightened people have broken
over Europe again and again and the images have been strikingly similar
each time.
In 1945, __________ (1) the ethnic Germans, forced out of their homes
in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Russia and obliged to seek shelter in a
shattered and divided Germany. More recently, we can see floods of
Albanian refugees escaping from the ethnic cleansing of the Serbian
forces in Kosovo in 1998 and 1999.
Yet there is one major difference between these waves of migrants in the
past and the one we saw in 2015. Professor Alex Betts, director of the
Refugee Studies Centre at Oxford University says that it was the first time
Europe faced people coming in from the outside in large numbers as
refugees. He explains: ÒThe fact that many are Muslims is perceived as
challenging EuropeÕs identity.Ó European societies are changing very fast,
indeed, as a result of immigration. In London, for instance, more than
300 languages are now spoken, according to a recent academic study.
The influx of migrants reinforces peopleÕs sense that their identity is
under threat.
But how can the world deal conclusively with the problem? The former UN
under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs, Sir John Holmes,
blames global governance. ÒOther powers are rising,Ó he says - Syria is an
example of this. ÒAnd the United States doesnÕt have the influence it once
did, so the problemÕs not being fixed, no-oneÕs waving the big stick and
weÕre having to pick up the pieces.Ó We have endured an entire century of
exile and homelessness and the cause is always the same - conflict and
bad government. Unless these are dealt with, the flow of migrants will
never be stopped.
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Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-35091772
01. Choose the alternative containing the correct verbal tense to complete
gap (1) in paragraph 3.
[A] there to be
[B] there will be
[C] there are
[D] there were
[E] there have been
02. According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct
alternative.
03. Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes the expression for
instance in the sentence ÒIn London, for instance, more than 300
languages...Ó (paragraph 4).
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[C] on the other hand
[D] however
[E] no exception
Texto 2:
DIRECTIONS: In questions 04 to 06 you will be asked about the overall
meaning and organization of TEXT 1 as well as specific details or facts
stated in it. Read TEXT 1 and all the answer alternatives carefully.
Choose the best possible answer on the basis of what is written in TEXT
1.
TEXT 1
Kleptocracy Initiative
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objectives because reforms abroad may impact their financial interests at
home.
While we cannot directly control the behavior of other countries, we
can protect our freedom and democracy by denying safe haven to the
money stolen by kleptocratic regimes hostile to our interests. We can
reduce the influence of enablers, standing up to those within our ranks
who profit from these regimes.
(Kleptocracy Initiative. Available at: <http://kleptocracyinitiative.org>.
Access on: 30 April 2016.)
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D) must expand territorially to protect freedom and democracy.
E) should control the behaviour of countries hostile to America.
A) Instead of.
B) In spite of.
C) In favour of.
D) In exchange for.
E) In pursuance of.
A) Since.
B) When.
C) Where.
D) Because.
E) Although.
A) Ignoring.
B) Protecting.
C) Tolerating.
D) Confronting.
E) Intimidating.
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Texto 3: Matriculate while-u-wait
Tom Petty had it right: The waiting is the hardest part. Now William &
Maryand Wake Forest B-schools are doing something about that. They
have come up with an express service for admissions that reduces the
months-long wait for acceptance notification to a matter of hours by
replacing the lengthy application essay with an hour-long face-to-face
interview by faculty and school administrators. At both schools, about
10% of all applicants used the fast-track process, which the schools say is
more effective than traditional applications because it requires students to
demonstrate business skills such as preparedness and grace under fire.
Extra’do de Business Week, n. 4078, p.92, April, 2008.
10. The title of the text refers to the fact that students
A) are requested to wait outside the interview room before they get a
notification.
B) can write their applications while they wait to talk with interviewers.
C) have to show their business skills by filling application forms and
writing essays.
D) learn they have been accepted and can enroll shortly after their
interviews.
E) still have to wait for long periods to get admitted to some business
colleges
11. According to the text, the new admission process is more effective
because
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E) application essays are now shorter than before.
In addition, Tok & Stok placed an order for more baskets, paying three
times more than the artisans were used to receiving for their work in the
local markets of the Northwest Brazilian Amazon. With these two actions,
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Tok & Stok thus became a privileged partner and outlet of the Arte
Baniwa project.
For the ISA as a NGO that defends the indigenous rights, it was important
to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of project by showing that these
initiatives can be sustainable in social, economic and ecological ways. The
Arte Baniwa is recognized as a sustainable development project, thus
materializing its belief in the interdependence between biodiversity and
socio-diversity (Unterstell & Martins, 2004).
12. Why did many of the participating Baniwa artisans withdraw from the
Arte Baniwa project after the ExpoFlora?
a) They did not like the idea of their baskets being used as flower bolders.
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b) Being from the Amazon, the artisans did not feel comfortable in S‹o
Paulo.
c) Sales and profits suffered because of logistics problems and a lack of
institutional support.
d) They were not able to produce enough baskets to fill the large order
requested by Expoflora participants.
e) The Northwest Brazilian Amazon shipping company damaged the
baskets during delivery, resulting in poor sales and revenues.
13. When did the authors finish collecting data for this research project?
a) 1990
b) 2004
c) 2005
d) 2009
e) 2011
14. In lines 13-14 of the text, Tok & Stok is identified as a potential outlet
for Arte Baniwa products. What word could be used as a substitute for
potential in the text?
a) Powerful
b) Commercial
c) Profitable
d) Possible
e) Partner
15. Based upon the text as presented, what seems to be the reasoning
behind the Arte Baniwa project?
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c) To integrate the Baniwa people of the Brazilian Amazon into the formal
Brazilian economy.
d) To expose the Brazilian public to Baniwa arts and crafts by selling them
in popular stores, such as Tok & Stok and P‹o de A•ucar.
e) To establish a successful sustainable development project to balance
the social, economic, and ecological needs of a group of indigenous
Brazilians.
16. How did the P‹o de A•ucar Group become a partner of the Arte
Baniwa project?
b) After the Arte Baniwa project introduced competitive pricing, the P‹o
de A•ucar Group became interested.
c) As a privileged partner, Tok & Stok introduced the Arte Baniwa project
to the P‹o de A•ucar Group.
d) The P‹o de A•ucar Group decided to become a partner after buying
Baniwa baskets at the ExpoFlora in S‹o Paulo.
e) Once the Arte Baniwa products gained greater visibility, the P‹o de
A•ucar Group became aware of the Arte Baniwa and wanted to become a
partner.
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refusal to issue or renew, or cancel an insurance policy based on the
geographic location of the structure or individual to be insured, is illegal in
every state.
Because losses tend to be higher in urban areas, rates for auto and
home insurance are often higher than average in inner cities. This has
raised questions about the availability and affordability of insurance in
urban communities. Responding to these concerns, the insurance industry
is redoubling its efforts to enhance the insurability of inner city properties
and to push for changes in auto insurance that would enable drivers to
have more coverage options.
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d) has neglected the urban insurance issues.
e) has predicted future losses in rural areas.
Those who commit insurance fraud are not easily identifiable. The
National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) says that insurance cheats
range from organized criminals, to unscrupulous doctors, lawyers,
vehicle body shop owners, to ordinary people who buy insurance.
Although the motivation to commit insurance fraud is always monetary,
the amount also varies greatly, from a few extra dollars on an insurance
claim, to thousands or more stolen by organized fraud rings.
The Insurance Information Institute estimates that
property/casualty insurance fraud cost insurers $24 billion in 1999.
According to Conning and Company, fraud cost the entire insurance
industry $96.2 billion in 1999.
Fraud rings have followed the path of technology to the Internet in
search of fraud opportunities. Along with the ease of electronic filing of
medical claims is the greater potential for committing fraud. ConningÕs
2000 study found that 84 percent of respondents to its fraud survey
agree that the use of the Internet will create new classes of insurance
fraud.
32049200382
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a) is likely to occur.
b) began in 1999.
c) is unlikely to happen.
d) worries the government.
e) is avoidable.
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