Trombofilia Na Gestacao 2017 PDF
Trombofilia Na Gestacao 2017 PDF
Trombofilia Na Gestacao 2017 PDF
GESTAÇÃO
Estado de hipercoagulabildade:
• Aumento dos fatores da coagulação PROTEGER
• Redução de fatores anticoagulantes HEMORRAGIA
NO PARTO
• Redução da atividade fibrinolítica
ADQUIRIDA HEREDITÁRIA
TROMBOFILIAS ADQUIRIDAS
TROMBOFILIAS
Adquirida
• Obeso grave
• Diabético
• Sedentário
• Imobilização prolongada
• Anticoncepcionais orais
• Reposição hormonal
• Câncer
INVESTIGAR
• Gemelaridade
• Síndrome de anticorpo anti-fosfolípide (SAAF)
• Distúrbios da imunidade
TROMBOFILIA ADQUIRIDA SÍNDROME DE
ANTICORPO ANTI-FOSFOLÍPIDE (SAAF)
• Síndrome clínica autoimune
• Associação de AC antifosfolípides com doenças auto-imunes ou
reumáticas, malignidades, doenças hematológicas, infecções,
doenças neurológicas e drogas;
• Principais AC:
• anticoagulante lúpico
• anticorpos anticardiolipina
• anticorpos anti beta-2-glicoproteína I
• Anticorpos anti-: fosfatidilserina, fosfatidiletanolamina,
fosfatidilglicerol, fosfatidilinositol, fosfatidilcolina e anexina
FATOR X
http://www.minutoenfermagem.com.br/postagens/2015/06/01/metilenotetrahidrofolato-redutase-mthfr/
TROMBOFILIA HEREDITÁRIA
MUTAÇÃO MTHFR
VITAMINA B6 E B12
HOMOCISTEÍNA
• PLACAS DE ATEROMAS
(ATEROSESCLEROSE)
• INFARTO AGUDO
MTHFR MIOCÁRDICO
• TROMBOSE VENOSA
METIONINA
DIETA
FIBRINOGÊNIO FIBRINA
ANTITROMBINA III
TROMBOFILIA HEREDITÁRIA
DEFICIÊNCIA DE PROTEÍNA S
• A proteína S é um importante anticoagulante natural,
sintetizado pelos hepatócitos e megacariócitos.
• A incidência em pacientes com trombose venosa
profunda (TVP) e idade inferior a 45 anos gira em torno
de 10%.
• Tem sido associada em pacientes com trombofletite
superficial de repetição, úlcera de perna, doença de
Mondor e com os anticorpos anticardiolipina.
Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122(3):706-17. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 138: Inherited thrombophilias in pregnancy.
TRATAMENTO
.
• NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme: Executive Summaries.
Universal thrombophilia screening in women prior to prescribing oral
oestrogen preparations, in women during pregnancy and in patients
undergoing major orthopaedic surgery is not supported by the evidence. The
findings from this study show that selective screening based on prior VTE
history is more cost-effective than universal screening.
O Wu, L Robertson, et al. Health Technology Assessment 2006; Vol. 10: No. 11 2006
TREATS STUDY
• Oral oestrogen preparations
• The highest risk of VTE in oral contraceptive users was observed in women with factor V Leiden (FVL), with an
OR of 15.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.66 to 28.15] calculated. Deficiencies of antithrombin (OR 12.60; 95%
CI 1.37 to 115.79), protein C (OR 6.33; 95% CI 1.68 to 23.87) or protein S (OR 4.88; 95% CI 1.39 to 17.10) and
elevated levels of factor VIIIc (OR 8.80) were also significantly associated with venous thromboembolism in oral
contraceptive use. For hormone replacement therapy, a significant association was found in women with FVL
(OR 13.16; 95% CI 4.28 to 40.47).
• Pregnancy
• The highest risk in pregnancy was found for FVL and VTE. Results of the meta-analysis suggested that
homozygous carriers of this mutation are 34 times more likely to develop VTE in pregnancy than non-carriers of
the mutation. Significant risks for individual thrombophilic defects were also established for early pregnancy loss
(ORs ranging from 2.49; 95% CI 1.24 to 5.00 observed with prothrombin G202010A to 6.25; 95% CI 1.37 to
28.42 observed with hyperhomocysteinaemia); recurrent pregnancy loss (ORs ranging from 1.91; 95% CI 1.01 to
3.61 observed with FVL to 2.70; 95% CI 1.37 to 5.35 observed with prothrombin G20210A); late pregnancy loss
(ORs ranging from 2.06; 95% CI 1.10 to 3.86 observed with FVL to 20.09; 95% CI 3.70 to 109.15 observed with
protein S deficiency); preeclampsia (ORs ranging from 1.32; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.66 observed with methylene
tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) to 3.49; 95% CI 1.21 to 10.11 observed with hyperhomocysteinaemia);
placental abruption (ORs ranging from 4.26; 95% CI 1.63 to 11.12 observed with hyperhomocysteinaemia to
7.71; 95% CI 3.01 to 19.76 observed with prothrombin G20210A) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (ORs
ranging from 2.91; 95% CI 1.13 to 7.54 observed with prothrombin G20210A to 15.20; 95% CI 1.32 to 174.96
observed with homozygous FVL).
Recommendations on screening for inherited thrombophilia
in women with a history of pregnancy loss and a variety of pregnancy complications
FVL=fator V leiden
Pm= mutação gene
protombina
Def. Prot C
Def. Prot S
AT def.= Mutação
Antitrombina
VTE=tromboembolismo
venosos