Ministrio da Educao UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE ITAJUB

Criada pela Lei n 10.435, de 24 de Abril de 2002

Campus Universitrio de Itabira

CADERNO DE AULAS PRTICAS DE

QUMICA GERAL BAC009
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE ITAJUB CAMPUS DE ITABIRA
2SEMESTRE 2014

Andreza de Sousa Andrada, Daniel Andrada Maria, Edison Aparecido Laurindo,

Mercs Coelho da Silva, Rose-Marie Belardi, Marli Tebaldi, Marcos Roberto de Abreu Alves,
Guilherme Oliveira Siqueira.

Aluno:
Perodo:
Horrio:
Turma:
Curso:

ITABIRA
2014

AULA EXPERIMENTAL 01: INTRODUO AO LABORATRIO

Questo 01: Faa um desenho esquemtico do laboratrio, indicando a localizao:
a) das bancadas.
b) do chuveiro e lava olhos.
c) da capela.
d) bancada de reagentes.
d) das sadas (rotas de Fuga).

Questo 02: Sobre os itens presentes em cima da bancada, identifique cada uma fazendo um desenho
esquemtico.
Proveta

Pipeta volumtrica

Pipeta graduada

Balo volumtrico

Bureta

Bquer

Erlenmeyer

Vidro de relgio

Garrafa lavadeira

Questo 03: Dentre as vidrarias citadas acima, quais so indicadas para fazer medidas de volume?
Justifique.
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Questo 04: Dependendo se o lquido incolor ou colorido, a leitura do volume segue uma regra em
que avalia-se a posio do menisco em relao a marca da graduao do volume desejado.
Diante disso, faa:

a) Utilizando uma proveta de 10 mL, faa a medida de 7 mL de gua destilada com o auxilio de uma
garrafa lavadeira. Em seguida, faa um desenho esquemtico demonstrando como voc realizou a
leitura do volume.
Desenho esquemtico:

b) Utilizando uma proveta de 10 mL, faa a medida de 7 mL de uma soluo de permanganato de

potssio (0,01 mol L-1). Para isso, adicione cerca de 10 mL da soluo em um bquer de 10 mL e verta
o lquido do bquer na proveta. Para um ajuste fino, use uma pipeta de Pasteur. Em seguida, faa um
desenho esquemtico demonstrando como voc realizou a leitura do volume.
Desenho esquemtico:

AULA EXPERIMENTAL 02: IDENTIFICAO DE AMOSTRAS SLIDAS

ANOTAES
Questo 01: Especificaes sobre vidrarias e equipamentos, e anotaes para a obteno dos
resultados, suas discusses e/ou resoluo das questes relacionadas aula prtica:
a) Escolha da proveta:
Tabela 1: Informaes sobre as provetas utilizadas
Proveta

Especificaes (Volume; fabricante, etc)

b) Caractersticas das amostras:

Tabela 2: Informaes das amostras
Amostra
Caractersticas (cor, forma, etc)
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c) Pesagem da amostra
Balana (marca, modelo, preciso, etc)

Tabela 3: Resultado das medidas de massa

Amostra

Massa (g)

d) Determinao do volume da amostra

Tabela 4: Medidas de volume da amostra
Volume de gua (mL)

Volume de gua + amostra (mL)

Volume da amostra (mL)

Questo 02: a) Determine o valor da menor diviso de cada proveta utilizada no experimento:
Dicas: Escolha um intervalo de volume do aparelho; conte o nmero de divises existentes no
intervalo; divida o volume escolhido pelo nmero de divises.
Obs. Muitos aparelhos j contm gravado o valor da menor diviso. Confira!
Valor:

b) Calcule o desvio avaliado, que ser considerado como o erro:

Dicas: divida a menor diviso por 2.
Valor:

Questo 03: Anote abaixo a densidade calculada de cada amostra. A partir da densidade determinada
experimentalmente e da tabela fornecida no anexo 2 do roteiro da prtica, identifique as amostras
slidas.
Amostra

Densidade determinada experimentalmente

Qual a amostra?

Apresente os clculos de densidade para cada amostra:

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Questo 04: Calcule, para cada amostra, a %erro entre o valor de densidade obtido experimentalmente
e valor tabelado:

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Questo 05: Aponte 4 fatores, com justificativa, que podem ter provocado os erros observados na
questo 04.

01

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02

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03

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04

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Parte B: Identificao de slidos metlicos por anlise qualitativa.

Questo 06: Observaes experimentais e resultados da anlise qualitativa de identificao dos metais:
01

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02

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03

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Questo 07: De acordo com as observaes acima, apresente a equao que explica a reao qumica
para cada amostra investigada? Justifique a sua resposta.
01

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02

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03

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AULA EXPERIMENTAL 03: DETERMINAO DA ACIDEZ NO VINAGRE POR

TITULAO
ANOTAES

Tabela 1: Especificaes sobre as vidrarias para medidas precisas de volume

Vidraria

Especificaes (Volume; fabricante, etc)

Tabela 2: Especificaes sobre as solues e sobre o vinagre

Solues

Especificaes ( concentrao, densidade, etc)

Tabela 3: Volume usado do agente titulanteEspecificaes sobre as solues e sobre o vinagre e

observaes experimentais

Questo 01: Apresente as observaes experimentais referentes ao processo de titulao (Cuidados e

volume do titulante adicionado).

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Questo 02: a) Escreva a equao balanceada envolvida na reao de titulao. b) Faa a determinao
da concentrao em mol L-1 de H+ proveniente do cido actico (CH3COOH) do vinagre. c) Determinar
tambm essa concentrao em massa (g L-1)

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Questo 03: A concentrao de cido actico determinada experimentalmente diferente ou igual

quela presente no rtulo fornecido pelo fabricante? Caso tenha sido diferente, discutir as
possveis causas dessa diferena.

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Questo 04: Qual a diferena entre padro primrio e secundrio em uma titulao?

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Questo 05: Qual a funo da fenolftalena no processo de titulao?

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Questo 06: Por qu no necessrio ter preciso no volume de gua adicionado (~25 mL) ao
erlenmeyer contendo vinagre?

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AULA EXPERIMENTAL 04: EQUILBRIO QUMICO

Questo 01: Anote as observaes realizadas sobre a soluo 01.

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Questo referente a PARTE A
Questo 02: Anote no quadro abaixo as observaes experimentais referentes aos testes nos tubos de
ensaio e a justificativa do que aconteceu.

Tubo 01

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Tubo 02

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Tubo 03

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Questo referente a PARTE B
Questo 03: Anote no quadro abaixo as observaes experimentais referentes aos testes nos tubos de
ensaio e a justificativa do que aconteceu.

Tubo 01

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Tubo 03

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AULA EXPERIMENTAL 05: CINTICA QUMICA

Questo referente a PARTE A
Questo 01: Anote na tabela abaixo os dados referentes ao tempo de reao sobre as diferentes
concentraes de Na2S2O3.

Amostra

[Na2S2O3] / mol L-1

Tempo / s

01
02
03
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05
Qual a ordem da reao em relao ao composto Na2S2O3? Obs: Apresente os clculos.

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Questo referente a PARTE B
Questo 02: Anote na tabela abaixo os dados referentes ao tempo de reao referentes a diferentes

concentraes de HCl.

[HCl] / mol.L-1

Amostra

Tempo (s)

01
02
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Qual a ordem da reao em relao ao composto HCl? Obs: Apresente os clculos.

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Questo referente a PARTE C
Questo 03: Anote na tabela abaixo os dados referentes ao tempo de reao referentes a temperatura
entre 10C 15C soluo de Na2S2O3.

Amostra

Tempo (s)

01
03
05
Compare as velocidades de reao na temperatura entre 10C 15C e ambiente. A reao na
temperatura mais elevada mais rpida ou mais lenta? A reao mais rpida ocorre em uma

velocidade quantos por cento maior que a mais lenta? Obs: Apresente os clculos.
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AULA EXPERIMENTAL 06: ELETROQUMICA (PILHA DE CONCENTRAO)

Questo 01: Quais os valores do potencial da clula medido atravs do multmetro antes e depois de
acrescentar o hidrxido?
Valor 1:
Valor 2 (aps NaOH):
Questo 02: a) Calcule o potencial padro da pilha eletroqumica estudada. b) Qual o verdadeiro
motivo da diferena de potencial medido na pilha estudada?
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Questo 03: Empregando-se a equao de Nernest apresentada abaixo, determine o valor terico para o
potencial da clula e compare com o valor medido experimentalmente. O valor experimental est
condizente com o valor terico?

Onde, E = Potencial da clula,

E = Potencial padro da clula,
n = nmero de eltrons trocados na reao,
Q = quociente de reao
Q para uma reao

dada por

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Questo 04: Calcule o erro do valor do potencial experimental frente ao valor terico, caso haja, e
indique os possveis fatores que levaram ao erro.

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Questo 05: Ao acrescentar hidrxido de sdio o valor da diferena de potencial da pilha altera? Por
que?
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