Psychology

This study assessed the influence of perceived occupational stress on psychological wellbeing of road safety personnel in Osun state. This was with a view to understanding the extent to which perceived occupational stress could contributes to the psychological wellbeing of road safety personnel in Osun state. Primary data were used for the study. The data were collected among federal road safety corps in Osun State. The sample consisted of 268 personnel drawn from all the seven commands in the state using proportionate sampling technique. Two standardized psychological instruments namely: Job Stress Scale (JSS) by Theorell and psychological wellbeing scale by Ryff, were used to collect data from the respondents. Data collected were analysed using multiple linear regression and t-test independent sample. The results showed that perceived occupational stress had a statistically significant influence on the psychological wellbeing of road safety personnel [F (3,264)=8.690, p 0.05]. The...

Mobile phones have become an essential device for accessing the web. This is due to the advantages of portability, lower cost and ease. However, the adoption of mobile phones for online activities is now being challenged by myriads of cybercrimes. One of such crimes is phishing attack. In this work, a lightweight anti-phishing technique is proposed to combat phishing attacks on mobile devices. This is necessary because these mobile platforms have increased the attack surface for phishers while diminishing the effectiveness of existing countermeasures. The proposed approach uses a number of URL behavior to determine the status of a website based on frequency analysis of extracted phishing features from PhishTank. To increase the detection power of unknown pattern, a machine learning algorithm called Support Vector Machine is adopted. The results indicated that the approach is very efficient against phishing sites with negligible false negatives.

The issues of poor quality of life among Nigeria women results to inadequate participation of women in the development of the country, high rate of maternal death, increasing rate of mentally, physically challenge and high rate of financial handicap of Nigeria women, which have significant influence on the society at large attracted attention of this study. This study examined influence of demographic variable on quality of life among women in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. The study utilized cross-sectional research design which involves the use of self-report questionnaire for data collection. A total number of 600 women participated in the study. Results outcomes shows that marital status had significant influence on quality of life at (F (4/595) = 13.324, P<0.05). The result also revealed that religion income and occupation had significant influence on quality of life of women in Ibadan metropolis (F (2/597) = 7.267, P<0.05. F (7/592) = 4.905, P<0.05 & F (3/596) = 3.190, P<0.05). It was concluded that marital status, religion, educational attainment, income and occupation of women living in Ibadan metropolis significantly influence their quality of life. Therefore, this study recommends that women should seek to acquire more knowledge through their educational status and government should create conducive workplace climate and improve financial assistance programme to built economic status of Nigeria women.

This study investigated the influence of monthly income and position on job on job satisfaction and commitment among female officers and men of Nigeria custom service. The study adopted cross sectional research design and Purposive sampling technique was used to select 80 female officers and men of Nigeria custom service, Osun-Oyo Area Command Ibadan, Oyo State that participated in the study. The result of the finding revealed that monthly income and position on job had significant and joint influence on job commitment and satisfaction (p<0.05) among female officers and men in custom service, Osun-Oyo Area Command Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study concluded with discussion of findings and recommend that it is imperative for Nigeria customs service to meet the need of female officers and men to strengthen their job satisfaction and commitment.

This study examined the influence of social support, stress and coping strategies on depression among children with physical disability in Nigeria. The study adopted cross sectional research design, purposive sampling technique was used to select 120 children with physical disability and questionnaires were used for data collection. The result of the findings revealed that there was a significant influence of social support on depression {t(118)=4.55; p<.05} and further analysis indicated that participants with low social support experienced higher levels of depression (Mean = 69.73) while participants with high social support experienced lower levels of depression (Mean = 62.22). More so, the finding depicted independent significant influence of stress and coping strategies on depression {β = .68, t = 11.47; P < .05 & β = .289, t = 4.96; p < .05}. Also, the finding depicted joint significant influence of social support, stress and coping strategies on depression {F (3, 116) = 881.39; p < .05}. Therefore, the study concluded that social support, stress and coping strategies are predictors of depression among children with physical disability in Nigeria and recommended that government and non-governmental organisation should endeavour to implement an ecological-based support programme to support, educate and enlighten physically challenged children, their family members and society on how to help the disabled children deals with life situation.

Issues of increase rate of sick leave, mood swing, fatigue and decreased energy, Feelings of worthlessness and helplessness which could be responsible for discontent and poor morale, low teaching efficiency, poor relationships with pupils, parents and subordinate, premature retirement, more internal conflicts and dysfunctional workplace climate among primary school teachers which can also be link with their wellbeing attracted the attention of this study. This study adopted cross sectional research design and Questionnaires were used to gather data from the primary school teachers. Purposive sampling technique was used to select two hundred primary school teachers who participated in the study. Data collected was analyzed using version 20.0 of statistical package for social sciences. The findings of this study revealed that that there is no significant difference in the depression of female teachers compare to male teachers among primary school teachers in kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos state, Nigeria (t(198)=-1.249, p>.05). it was also discovered that that out of the socio-demographic variable, only monthly income made significant independent contribution to depression among primary school teachers (=-0.227; t =-2.780; p<0.05). The result also revealed that primary school teachers with high stress reported higher depression than their counterpart with low stress (t(198)=-12.41, p<.05). Further analysis revealed that job stress and working experience had no significant joint influence on depression (F(5,194)=2.975; p>0.05; R=0.171, R 2 =0.029), and also showed that job stress made significant independent contribution to depression (=0.162; t = 2.287; p<0.05) while working experience had no significant independent contribution to depression (=-0.077; t =-1.091; p>0.05). The study concluded that there is significant influence of job stress and monthly income on depression among primary school teachers in kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos state, Nigeria and recommend that government, stakeholders and investors in the field of education should review the job roles of primary school teacher as this study discovered that many of their roles constituted stress and result to depression.

The study examined the influence of information and communication technology (ICT) and braille literacy on the academic performance of secondary school students with visual impairment in Ogun state. The study adopted a survey research design of expos facto type. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select a total of number of one hundred (100) secondary school students with visual impairment in Ogun State, Nigeria who participated in the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested using Multiple Regression statistical tools at .05 level of significance. The result revealed that ICT and braille literacy had significant joint influence on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun State, Nigeria (F (2,97) = 5.680; p<0.05). The result also indicated that ICT and braille literacy made significant independent contribution to academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun state, Nigeria (β = -0.268, t = 2.787, p<0.05; β=0.168 t = 1.748; p<0.05). The study concluded that there was significant joint and relative contribution of ICT and braille literacy on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun state, Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that Government, non-governmental organisations and educational stakeholders should take cognisance of influence of ICT and braille literacy in the development of any intervention to improve academic performance of students with visual impairment.

The study examined the influence of information and communication technology (ICT) and braille literacy on the academic performance of secondary school students with visual impairment in Ogun state. The study adopted a survey research design of expos facto type. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select a total of number of one hundred (100) secondary school students with visual impairment in Ogun State, Nigeria who participated in the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested using Multiple Regression statistical tools at .05 level of significance. The result revealed that ICT and braille literacy had significant joint influence on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun State, Nigeria (F (2,97) = 5.680; p<0.05). The result also indicated that ICT and braille literacy made significant independent contribution to academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun state, Nigeria (β =-0.268, t = 2.787, p<0.05; β=0.168 t = 1.748; p<0.05). The study concluded that there was significant joint and relative contribution of ICT and braille literacy on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Ogun state, Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that Government, non-governmental organisations and educational stakeholders should take cognisance of influence of ICT and braille literacy in the development of any intervention to improve academic performance of students with visual impairment.

This research investigated the roles of psychological capital (hope, resilience, self-efficacy & optimism), burden of care and demographic variables in predicting psychological wellbeing (PWB) of needy single parents. Using standardized questionnaires, data were collected from 282 needy single parents (males = 134, females = 148; mean age = 49.23 years) in selected NGOs in Lagos, Nigeria, by a purposive sampling method. Based on the review of related literature, 5 hypotheses were stated, with both descriptive and inferential statistics applied to test them. The result from the first hypothesis showed that, there is a significant joint contribution of psychological capital and burden of care to PWB among needy single parents [R = .85; R 2 = .72; F (5, 282) = 141.79; p<.01], with a 72% variance in PWB being accounted for by the predictor variables. Independent contributions showed that hope (β = .14; t = 2.11; P<.05); self-efficacy (β = .13; t = 2.28; P<.05); and burden of care (β =-.45; t =-6.73; P<.01) contributed to PWB, with burden of care having the most. Result from second hypothesis showed that, needy single parents with absence of health problems resulting from their caregiver roles reported significantly higher PWB than their counterparts with presence of health problems resulting from their caregiver role (t =-2.90; df = 280; P< .01), and a point biserial analysis showed an effect size of 17% from the statistical significance. Descriptive statistics showed that participants with health problems resulting from caregiver role as single parents, reported problems as, body pains and headaches, anxiety problems, suicidal ideation, high blood pressure, excessive aggression, sleep problems and fatigue. Result from third hypothesis, showed that needy single parents that are beneficiaries to more than one social welfare organizations reported significantly higher PWB than their counterparts that are beneficiaries to only one social welfare organization (t =-3.57; df = 280; P< .01), and a point biserial analysis showed an effect size of 21% from the statistical significance. Result from fourth hypothesis showed that there was no significant sex difference in PWB between male and female needy single parents (t =-0.81; df = 280; P>.05). Results from fifth hypothesis, showed that there was a significant joint contribution of needy single parents' age and the number of children raised to PWB [R = .16; R 2 = .03; F (2, 282) = 3.52; P<.05], with a 3% variance in PWB being accounted for the predictor variables. The independent contributions showed that, only number of children raised contributed to PWB of needy single parents (β =-.16; t =-2.62; P<.05), and that when the number of children raised is high, it is a barrier to the PWB of needy single parents.

The association between gender norm attitudes and psychological wellbeing (PWB) has been a major area of gender and health studies that is observed to be scanty in African literature, with the few related studies that exist often adopting quantitative methods only. Thus, to expand the methodology and findings of these few existing related studies, a mixed method research was used to study the association between gender norm attitudes outcomes (egalitarian & traditional) and PWB in a sample of Nigerian youths selected from the six (6) geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The total participants (i.e. quantitative plus qualitative study) were 303 purposively sampled youths, who were members of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC). The mean age = 25.52 years (SD = 3.02) for quantitative study participants, and mean age = 27.2 years (SD = 3.01) for qualitative study participants. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Conclusively, it was drawn from the findings that, although traditional gender norms seemed to enhance PWB more than egalitarian gender norms in the qualitative study, surprisingly there were some adverse effects of traditional gender norms which participants may be unaware of that was affecting their PWB as revealed in the quantitative study. Interventions that promotes gender equality should be embarked on.

One area of substance abuse among adolescents that is currently a problem, and has not been fully understood in the Nigerian context is the attitudes of adolescents towards cough syrup abuse. Thus, to inform policy actions for reducing cough syrup abuse among Nigerian adolescents, this study explored the attitudes of adolescents towards cough syrup abuse in two Southwest states of Nigeria, where substance abuse is rampant. By a stratified sampling method, 302 adolescents (152 males, 150 females; mean age = 13.61 years, SD = 2.09) were selected from secondary schools in Lagos and Oyo states, Nigeria, and data were collected using existing questionnaires with strong psychometric properties, and the response rate was 97.42%. Four (4) hypotheses were stated and tested using independent sample t-test and correlation statistics at p<0.05. The findings from the study concluded that, adolescents ' age and family marital structure were the variables found that significantly accounted for their attitudes towards cough syrup abuse, thus it is imperative enough that as adolescents are growing older, they are rightly guided against giving into substance abuse. Also, parents/caregivers of adolescents need to be actively involved in educating adolescents on the hazards associated with substance abuse.

Despite increasing efforts to advance psychology and its subfields in Africa, literature provides evidence-based supports that psychology is still lacking in sufficient meaning and growth. This perceived problem necessitated this study. We explored how clinical psychology is viewed among non-mental health professionals and extracted recommendations for accelerating the growth of clinical psychology in Nigeria. Using the accidental sampling technique, a total of 107 participants (58 males & 49 females), with a mean age of 40.92 (SD = 10.37) from Lagos, Nigeria was surveyed on their views about clinical psychology. Nine research questions were asked, and both quantitative and qualitative analyses were applied to analyze data. The conclusion from the total results showed that, although most participants have heard about clinical psychology in Nigeria, surprisingly most of them do not have accurate views about what clinical psychology entails, and these inaccurate views held about what clinical psychology entails, contributes to the delayed growth of clinical psychology in Nigeria. Therefore, principal officials in the field of clinical psychology are encouraged to consider the results and implement the recommendations from this survey.