Nuno Montenegro
Nuno Montenegro (1970) is architect from the Technical University of Lisbon (1995) having studied in Italy with Vittorio Gregotti and Aldo Rossi at Instituto Universitario di Architettura di Venezia (IUAV).
Master in Urban Regeneration (2010) and Ph.D. in Urban Planning (2015) he is a research member of the “City Induction” project (ICIST) (R&D. FCT). His scientific work has been widely published and cited in the field of technologies applied to urban planning.
Nuno Montenegro has an extensive professional experience that spans nearly two decades of activity. Its architectural projects and urban plans stand today published in many countries, in internationally recognized magazines such as “Interior Design Magazine” (IDM) New York (2010) and “ArquitecturaViva” (AV) Madrid (2008) among many others.
Awarded in several International Competitions has been invited to participate in conferences, lectures, seminars and exhibitions worldwide.
In October 2013 he integrates the selection of Portuguese architects of "LAMIPA" at “Lisbon Architecture Triennale” with the production of a documentary about his biography and work.
Recently Nuno Montenegro teaches Architectural Design as Invited Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon.
Supervisors: George Stiny, Jose P Duarte, and Paulo Urbano
Phone: 00351 212342334
Address: Praca Liberdade 18
2890-209 Alcochete
Portugal
Master in Urban Regeneration (2010) and Ph.D. in Urban Planning (2015) he is a research member of the “City Induction” project (ICIST) (R&D. FCT). His scientific work has been widely published and cited in the field of technologies applied to urban planning.
Nuno Montenegro has an extensive professional experience that spans nearly two decades of activity. Its architectural projects and urban plans stand today published in many countries, in internationally recognized magazines such as “Interior Design Magazine” (IDM) New York (2010) and “ArquitecturaViva” (AV) Madrid (2008) among many others.
Awarded in several International Competitions has been invited to participate in conferences, lectures, seminars and exhibitions worldwide.
In October 2013 he integrates the selection of Portuguese architects of "LAMIPA" at “Lisbon Architecture Triennale” with the production of a documentary about his biography and work.
Recently Nuno Montenegro teaches Architectural Design as Invited Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon.
Supervisors: George Stiny, Jose P Duarte, and Paulo Urbano
Phone: 00351 212342334
Address: Praca Liberdade 18
2890-209 Alcochete
Portugal
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Papers in International Journals with Referees by Nuno Montenegro
Keywords: Urban Design, Patterns, Shape Grammars, Generative Design""
Book Chapters by Nuno Montenegro
Cite: V. Duarte, J. P., Beirão, J. N., Montenegro, N., & Gil, J. (2012). City Induction: formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. In S. Müller Arisona, P. Wonka, G. Aschwanden, & J. Halatsch (Eds.), Digital Urban Modeling and Simulation. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) (Vol. 242). Springer Berlin Heidelberg"
Papers International Proceedings Blind Peer-Review by Nuno Montenegro
Cite: Montenegro, N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). Computational Ontology of Urban Design. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2009, (pp. 253-260). Istanbul, Turkey.
Cite: Montenegro, N.; Duarte, J. P. (2008). Towards a Computational Description of Urban Patterns: an urban formulation ontology. In M. Muylle, & E. De Vos (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2008, (pp. 239-248). Antwerpen, Belgium. "
Cite: Montenegro, N., Gomes, J., Urbano, P., & Duarte, J. P. (2011d). 4CitySemantics: GIS-Semantic Tool for Urban Intervention Areas. Proceedings of the 7th Virtual Cities and Territories Conference - 7VCT, (pp. 549-554). "
Cite: Montenegro, Nuno, Beirão, J.N. & Duarte, J.P., (2011c). Public Space Patterns: Towards a CIM standard for urban public space. In RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011. 29th eCAADe Conference. Ljubljana, pp. 79–86. "
Keywords. Urban Patterns; Ontology; Description Grammars; CIM.
Cite: Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2011). Public Space Patterns: Modeling the language of urban space. In G. Carrara, A. Fioravanti, & A. Trento (Ed.), Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Design Sciences and Technology , on Connecting Brains Shaping the World. Part V – Ontology, BIM and IFC Representations. Rome, Italy."
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems. "
Cite (Please refer to the more recent publication in 'Urban Morphology'): Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies: Data Mining the Multi-dimensional Character of Neighbourhoods. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe – eCAADe 2009, (pp. 269-278). Istanbul, Turkey."
Keywords: Urban Design, Patterns, Shape Grammars, Generative Design""
Cite: V. Duarte, J. P., Beirão, J. N., Montenegro, N., & Gil, J. (2012). City Induction: formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. In S. Müller Arisona, P. Wonka, G. Aschwanden, & J. Halatsch (Eds.), Digital Urban Modeling and Simulation. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) (Vol. 242). Springer Berlin Heidelberg"
Cite: Montenegro, N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). Computational Ontology of Urban Design. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2009, (pp. 253-260). Istanbul, Turkey.
Cite: Montenegro, N.; Duarte, J. P. (2008). Towards a Computational Description of Urban Patterns: an urban formulation ontology. In M. Muylle, & E. De Vos (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2008, (pp. 239-248). Antwerpen, Belgium. "
Cite: Montenegro, N., Gomes, J., Urbano, P., & Duarte, J. P. (2011d). 4CitySemantics: GIS-Semantic Tool for Urban Intervention Areas. Proceedings of the 7th Virtual Cities and Territories Conference - 7VCT, (pp. 549-554). "
Cite: Montenegro, Nuno, Beirão, J.N. & Duarte, J.P., (2011c). Public Space Patterns: Towards a CIM standard for urban public space. In RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011. 29th eCAADe Conference. Ljubljana, pp. 79–86. "
Keywords. Urban Patterns; Ontology; Description Grammars; CIM.
Cite: Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2011). Public Space Patterns: Modeling the language of urban space. In G. Carrara, A. Fioravanti, & A. Trento (Ed.), Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Design Sciences and Technology , on Connecting Brains Shaping the World. Part V – Ontology, BIM and IFC Representations. Rome, Italy."
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems. "
Cite (Please refer to the more recent publication in 'Urban Morphology'): Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies: Data Mining the Multi-dimensional Character of Neighbourhoods. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe – eCAADe 2009, (pp. 269-278). Istanbul, Turkey."
The main purpose for CityPlan is to help stakeholders in the processes of urban development, to enable the creation of urban intervention programs, benefiting from the advantages of the aforementioned model and technology. With CityPlan, it is possible to semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the land use and the population, and then locate, automatically, a set of collective public facilities according to their specific location rules.
Having identified the main requirements of the plan, it is possible to establish a basic set of appropriate recommendations, to support the creation of spatial planning strategies and consistent urban design alternatives.
//// Cite: N., Montenegro (2015) CityPlan: Towards development of a methodology and computational tool to support urban design (portuguese). Doctoral Thesis. Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon, Jul 20, 2015.
system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan, given a scale, a site and a community. It takes into account strategies, regulations, guidelines, physical features of the
site, and furthermore, the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the population. This system, organized according to a sequence of events, through stages, categories, methods and agents, describes taxonomic levels and their inner relations. Such ontology will provide, in future research, a pattern encoding structure towards a computational model within the capabilities provided by the spatial data modeling of GIS (Geographic Information System). The urban formulation model is conceived to increase qualitative inputs, reducing ambiguities, through a flexible while automated process applied to urban planning.
Financiamento: FCT, PTDC/AUR/64384/2006. Equipa: José P. Duarte, 3 bolseiros, IST; José Beirão, Nuno Montenegro, FAUTL; Jorge Gil, Space Syntax Limited. Consultores: R. Stouffs, TU/Delft; G. Stiny, J. Ferreira, MIT; Bill Hillier, Bartlett School; Mário Krueger, U. Coimbra. Papel: coordenador. Publicações: Thesis: 3; Int. Jrnl. Art.: 2; Int. Conf. Art.: 15; Int. Book Chap.: 3; Nat. Conf. Art.: 2; Conf. Proc.: 1."
PTDC/AUR/64384/2006
KEY WORDS: Urban model, Ontology, Space syntax, Shape grammars
PROMOTING INSTITUTION(S): IST-ICIST
PERIOD: 01-06-2007 to 30-09-2011
FINANCING (EUR):166.431,00 IST/ICIST (EUR): 166.431,00
COORDINATOR: José Pinto Duarte. RESEARCHERS AND COLLABORATORS: Jorge Alberto Gil; José Nuno Beirão; Nuno Filipe Montenegro."
Financiamento: FCT. Equipa: Portugal: José P. Duarte (coordenador), José Beirão, Nuno Montenegro, FAUTL; Mário Kruger, U. Coimbra; Jorge Gil, Space Syntax Ltd.; Brasil: Benamy Turkienicz (coordenador), Andrea Mussi, César Vieira, Rosirene Mayer, Fabiano Pinto, Jonas Jeske, Vanessa Dorneles, Fernanda Schreiner, Rodrigo Allgayer, Bárbara Gonçalves, UFRGS; Gabriela Celani, Daniel Moreira, Regiane Pupo, UNICAMP; Pablo Grazziotin, U. Notignham; Fernando Pereira, UFSC. Publicações (da equipa Portuguesa): Int. Jrnl. Art.: 2; Int. Book Chap.: 4; Int. Conf. Art.: 12; Nat. Conf. Art.: 2.
The attempts to understand and control the urban development through the indexation of the physical properties and the performance of urban form to measurable variables are as old as the history of urbanism as a science.
But the subject is a controversial issue and criticisms emerge about the accuracy of quantitative methods and commensurate parameters to support an understanding and assessment of the urban environment for anything but statistical purposes.
Despite the reservations, measuring-based approaches have gained in the last decades an overwhelming relevance for the urban science as a whole, and for urban design and planning regulation in particular.
Three main factors may explain this general tendency: (1) the rising of urbanization as an extensive phenomenon (with all the consequences and costs in terms of sustainable development and economic growth) and the need for instruments able to ascertain this “non-canonical” urban space; (2) the emergence of new governance processes and the challenge of achieving innovative tools to endorse participative policies and support the construction of platforms for agreement between actors and urban agents; (3) at last, the technological advent of computational and data systems such as GIS, remote sensing (RS), imaging and other computer based analytical methods, which offer measurement processes with an impressive agility and wider possibilities.
In this context, the objective of the seminar is to re-center the debate of measuring urban form on the contemporary issues of designing, planning and regulating the extensive city. The intention is to discuss the importance of combined qualitative-quantitative approaches on the generation of new insights on the contemporary urban environment and planning strategies.
A framework of four panels will support a multilevel platform for discussion:
Density & Urban Fabrics will center on the prominent role of density on urban form’s measuring methods and on the articulation between urban fabrics and density-related variables.
Topology & Networks will focus on topology based city analysis considering the structuring role of networks on contemporary urban space.
Governance & Regulation will address the subject of urban policies and the way measuring tools may give valuable contribution to regulation systems and governance processes.
Parametric Tools & Design will address the role of parametric and rule based design in the development of design support measuring methods and tools as a way of interweaving analysis, design exploration and evaluation in the urban design process.
The workshop focuses on a new method for urban design which is based on the use of patterns and design rules. The aim of the method is to facilitate dialogue between the different participants in the design process and enable the development of flexible urban plans, capable of responding to changes in context throughout its implementation. During the workshop we will cover the theories underlying the proposed method and some tools to support urban design decision, specifically the use of parametric design tools to model urban design problems. The workshop will encompass a practical urban design task where participants will apply the learned method and tools.
Participants
The workshop is open to 20 to 40 participants: students, researchers and professionals in architecture and urbanism, including professionals from municipal planning and management.
Modules Description
City Induction project
José Pinto Duarte, FAUTL
In this module there will be an introduction to the City induction research project, its goals and its context within this workshop.
Pattern language theory and the development of urban programs
Nuno Montenegro
This module will describe the principles and foundations of the pattern language developed by Christopher Alexander (with S. Ishikawa and M. Silverstein), the mechanics of its application. The main component of this module will focus on the formulation of urban programmes, facilities location and public open space location, describing the methods used in these tasks.
Urban design with patterns and rules / parametric urban design
José Nuno Beirão, FAUTL
Flexibility is proposed as the main concept structuring urban design in response to the complex and unpredictable development of contemporary cities. In this module we present a method for urban design based on patterns and rules. Definition of supporting concepts: type, system, pattern and rules illustrating their applicability in urban design. The theory of shape grammars will be briefly presented as a means to support the design of urban systems. Focus on parametric representations and their role in the urban design process. There will be a brief discussion on the applicability of the algorithmic structure of the pattern language and design patterns. The presentation will end with a look on the role of urban indicators and density based indicators in the urban design process.
Parametric urban design
Pirouz Nourian, TU-Delft
Principles of parametric design and parametric design. Methodological principles and types of problems addressed in parametric design. Application to urban design. Construction of parametric models in Grasshopper. Data manipulation in parametric design and its application in urban design. Optimization models applied to urban design.
Urban design evaluation
Jorge Gil, TU-Delft
This module will present methods and tools for evaluating urban plans focusing on the use of evaluation models for project information during its execution.
Sintra municipality and site
Tiago Trigueiros, C.M. Sintra
This module will present the challenges currently faced by the city of Sintra with particular focus on the site. In this context the intervention site will be presented, as well as key programme objectives that should guide the intervention.
Clarification of doubts
Everybody
Participants will be divided into working teams of three participants making sure that each team may have a diversity of participants (students, teachers, professionals, civil servants, etc.). These teams will operate until the end of the workshop.
Work and support
Everybody
Design of alternative urban plans; production of parametric models associating density measures and layouts; evaluation of alternative solutions; preparation of presentations.
The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and Technology, 10h30 - 19h30, at Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa), with the participation of U. Paris - Institut Français d'Urbanisme, Unicamp (Brasil), MIT - Dept. Urban Studies and Planning (USA), U. Madrid, and several portuguese Universities (UA, UNL, UL, UTL), hosted by the Deans of ISCSP-UTL e FC-UL.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2012). 4CITYPLAN: Towards an urban planning tool driven by OWL ontologies. International e-Planning Workshop 2012: Citizens, Cities and Technology. Lisbon, Portugal. Faculty of Sciences. University of Lisbon
Painel III – O papel da política de solo na construção de uma comunidade sustentável e criativa: o projecto Cidade Induzida e o muncípio de Óbidos. Galeria Nova Ogiva, Óbidos, 27-28 de Janeiro de 2012.
Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2011). Uma Modelação para Planeamento. Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
Our research project aims to develop an urban design system using an urban ontology that can be applied to the formulation, generation and evaluation of urban plans. The purpose of this urban design system is: (1) formulation - to read data from the site context on a GIS platform and then generate adequate program descriptions, given the contextual conditions; (2) generation - to generate alternative design solutions that match the program, and (3) evaluation - to evaluate evolving design solutions against the program to obtain satisfactory results.
In this paper we present a methodology for data mining an urban Geographic Information System (GIS) data set, consisting of three main phases: representation, analysis and description. The process reveals a series of block and street typologies that highlight the different character of two neighbourhoods. This methodology is demanding in the preparation phase and requires a high level of GIS and statistics expertise in the analysis phase. However, it successfully addresses the complex multi-scale and multi- level nature of cities in a systematic way, providing a tool for systematic profiling of neighbourhoods, which is site and problem specific."
However, we also witness in built environment education and practice a lack of awareness of such data and tools, and of the theoretical and technical skills to use them. The current design paradigm is strongly rooted in drafting and illustration methods eventually supported by information technologies of CAD, digital modelling and visualisation (Gil et al. 2010), which is evident in curricula, the design software features and job requirements.
Here, we present some results of the ‘City Induction’ research project that was aimed at prototyping the next generation of City Information Modelling (CIM) tools, integrating formulation, design, and evaluation methods into a comprehensive urban design support system (Duarte et al. 2012). We focus on aspects of data management, their application in prototype software tools and the lessons learned from a workshop with students and practitioners.
While big data sets are readily available, for them to be of use to urban design teams they must be managed properly due to their diversity and size. The backbone of a CIM system should be a spatial database platform implementing a data model designed specifically for urban design practice (Gil et al. 2011). Currently, there are no spatial data models offering an integrated set of relevant features, or the standards such as CityGML are strongly focused on data exchange and visualisation lacking features to support the design process itself.
We propose a data model that combines urban environment feature classes with design process feature classes and exemplify its implementation using data of the Randstad region in the Netherlands. This model can be useful in practice and education to provide guidance in data requirements, data management and use. We then demonstrate its application to urban design through prototype tools for Rhino and AutoCAD Map 3D that integrate with a PostGIS spatial database, and through the experience of using these methods in an urban design workshop with students and practitioners.
We conclude that there is currently a large gap in knowledge and skills to use these methods. But the response is very positive and proves to be an ‘eye opener’, with people facing a tough challenge of returning to ‘old’ methods. Thus, we identify some requirements for education and software development:
- Early contact of students with data collection and manipulation using digital tools;
- Integration of data management in design and teaching methods;
- Institute a specific role for data and map management in BE libraries;
- Develop support tools for data collection and pre-processing that comply with standards;
- Develop user-friendly tools to manage and analyse data;
- Ideally, integrate these platforms with design tools.