Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies

Aceh is an important livelihood activity, and most people there have a high dependence on the coral reefs. Spear gunshave become one of the most effective itemsto be used in this area because of itscheap, easy to use and no by catch dynamics, and has also evolved to become a rec reational activity. The objective of this study is to examine aspects of spear gun fishing activities in the shallow and deeper waters of this area and its impact on the reef fisheries in Weh Island, Aceh. Data were collected from 13 fish landing sites in seven villages. Fish catch analyses, thecorrelation between fish lengths and trophic levels and the comparison of fish catch and biomass were among various methods used in this study. Fish catch data, such as the total of catch (kg), species name and measured fish lengths by photo and fishing grounds were collected using photographs during October-November 2008 and May 2009. In addition, fish size structure and biomass esti mations were sampled using visual census methods. There are two kinds of spear fishing operated in Weh Island. These was spear gun fishing with a snorkel which was operated in shallow waters and spear gun fishing with a compressor which was operated in deeper waters. From the total of spear gun fishing trips in Weh Island, 60 % was dominated by spear gun fishing with a hookah compres sor. The total of fish caught from both spear gunswith a hookah compressor and a snorkel was 100 species within 20 families, with evidence for the dominant family Ser ranidaeat 55.48%. A total of 1004 individuals were col lected. The total number of individual that were caught by all spear guns was dominated by groupers, where Cephalo pholisminiatawas the highest proportion with 24.4% and followed by Epinephelusfasciatus 5.98%, Cephalopholi sargus 4.68% and Cephalopholissonnerati 4.38%. The total weight of species was dominated by groupers as well, especially for Cephalopholisminita with 13.4%.

Spanning a major part of the Coral Triangle, an area of highest marine biodiversity in the tropical western Pacific, Indonesian archipelago has an extensive coral reef coverage with well over 500 coral species having been recorded.  There is no doubt that coastal and marine resources, mostly in the form of coral reef ecosystems, have contributed significantly to the economic development of the country.  Recognizing the importance of marine conservation for sustainable utilization of resources and environments, Indonesian government has committed itself to establishing and effectively managing marine protected areas (MPAs) covering 200,000 km2 by 2020.  There has been a tremendous growth in MPAs in Indonesia: from only 54,198 km2 in 2003, the total protected area has tripled to 164,511 km2 (as of July 2015). Of those MPAs established, 30% are managed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 35% by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and the remaining 35% by local governments. The varied capacities, foci and funding of these institutions create complexity and inefficiency in resource use, which could undermine the effectiveness of MPAs.  The immediate tasks have been identified, e.g. attaining the MPA target to protect an additional 35,500 km2 of coastal areas, as well as managing the existing ones effectively and sustainably. This paper details the status of Indonesian MPAs from historical and current policy-based perspectives, together with consideration of challenges that lie ahead for improved MPA management towards the future

Atlas Sumberdaya Wilayah Pesisir Lampung (ASWPL) merupakan suatu informasi yang menampilkan inspirasi dari pendekatan pengelolaan wilayah pesisir secara terpadu yang meliputi segenap aspek biofisik, sosial-ekonomi-budaya, dan kelembagaan. Informasi ditampilkan dalam
bentuk peta-peta tematik dan teks singkat dari ketiga aspek tersebut.

Atlas ini mengidentifikasikan isu-isu pengelolaan wilayah pesisir Lampung yang dibuat dalam bentuk ëhot-spotí, seperti konflik dan kesenjangan kewenangan serta pemanfaatan yang juga dipresentasikan untuk dapat ditelaah oleh semua pihak. Atlas ini juga menampilkan beberapa prioritas untuk perencanaan pengelolaan wilayah pesisir
secara terpadu. Kondisi-kondisi seperti eksploitasi sumberdaya, perpindahan penduduk, dan perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat, semuanya berdampak terhadap lingkungan wilayah pesisir.

Atlas ini merupakan hasil kerjasama antara Pemerintah Daerah Propinsi Lampung dan Proyek Pesisir Lampung. Proyek Pesisir Lampung merupakan salah satu dari tiga program lapangan Proyek Pesisir (Coastal Resources Management Project - CRMP) yang mempunyai misi desentralisasi dan penguatan dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir di Indonesia.

Program lapangan di Lampung (Proyek Pesisir Lampung)
dilaksanakan berdasarkan perjanjian kerjasama (MoU) antara
Pusat Sumberdaya Wilayah Pesisir - Universitas Rhode Island
(Coastal Resources Center - University of Rhode Island) USA dengan
Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan (PKSPL) Institut
Pertanian Bogor (IPB). Inti kegiatan dari Proyek Pesisir
Lampung adalah mengajak semua pihak bersama-sama
memelihara kawasan pesisir untuk kehidupan yang lebih baik

Artisanal fishing on coral reefs in Weh Island, Aceh is an important livelihood activity, and most people there have a high dependence on the coral reefs. Spear gunshave become one of the most effective itemsto be used in this area because of itscheap, easy to use and no by catch dynamics, and has also evolved to become a rec reational activity. The objective of this study is to examine aspects of spear gun fishing activities in the shallow and deeper waters of this area and its impact on the reef fisheries in Weh Island, Aceh. Data were collected from 13 fish landing sites in seven villages. Fish catch analyses, thecorrelation between fish lengths and trophic levels and the comparison of fish catch and biomass were among various methods used in this study. Fish catch data, such as the total of catch (kg), species name and measured fish lengths by photo and fishing grounds were collected using photographs during October-November 2008 and May 2009. In addition, fish size structure and biomass esti mations were sampled using visual census methods. There are two kinds of spear fishing operated in Weh Island. These was spear gun fishing with a snorkel which was operated in shallow waters and spear gun fishing with a compressor which was operated in deeper waters. From the total of spear gun fishing trips in Weh Island, 60 % was dominated by spear gun fishing with a hookah compres sor. The total of fish caught from both spear gunswith a hookah compressor and a snorkel was 100 species within 20 families, with evidence for the dominant family Ser ranidaeat 55.48%. A total of 1004 individuals were col lected. The total number of individual that were caught by all spear guns was dominated by groupers, where Cephalo pholisminiatawas the highest proportion with 24.4% and followed by Epinephelusfasciatus 5.98%, Cephalopholi sargus 4.68% and Cephalopholissonnerati 4.38%. The total weight of species was dominated by groupers as well, especially for Cephalopholisminita with 13.4%. There was a significant difference of catch per unit efforts between spear guns operated by a snorkel and spear guns operated by a hookah compressor (P＜0.5). Beside from the total 100 species caught by spear guns, 75% was caught by spear guns with a compressor and 50% were carnivores.