Economic

Кафедра маркетинга ФГБОУ ВПО «Кемеровский государственный университет» [email protected] В настоящее время можно наблюдать, как быстро развиваются сети общественного питания. Это обусловлено тем, что увеличилась деловая активность населения, которая вынуждает людей питаться вне дома. Общество развивается, открываются новые предприятия и людям важно экономить свое время в течение рабочего дня, в том числе и время на потребление пищи. За короткий обеденный перерыв, на который в среднем отводится около часа, работник хочет перекусить быстро, качественно, сытно. Современный сектор общественного питания, представленный в городе Кемерово, удовлетворяет этот сложный комплекс потребностей, как простое утоление чувства голода и жажды, так и притязания гурманов и ценителей здоровой пищи. Отмечают быстрые темпы роста количества посетителей среди предприятий -заведений класса «фаст-фуд» и кофеен. Они пользуются популярностью более чем у половины населения города за доступность и быстрое обслуживание. Среди предприятий общественного питания быстро и успешно входят на рынок предприятия, образованные на основе франчайзинга -формы долгосрочного и выгодного делового сотрудничества, которое завоевало признание во многих странах мира. Этим и обусловлена актуальность данной темы.

The quality of life, which is a complex characteristic of human existence, its level and conditions, in the research practice is measured by statistical and sociological methods. This characteristic reflects the degree of satisfaction with different needs and subjective perception of life and its individual aspects. In this work the statistical method is chosen to describe the quality of life. It aims to the indicators' analysis, which are connected with food consumption (using Kemerovo region since 2010 to 2014 as an example) and differentiated into two parts: standard of living and living conditions. The analyzed level (households' expenses share for food in overall consumer spending structure, food consumption structure, its nutrition and energy value) and conditions indicators (food prices, consumer price indexes, a minimum food set cost dynamics and its ratio with the average income, retail food trade turnover, its share in total turnover of the region, public catering turnover) have shown low life quality in the region in comparison with Russia in general, and also its decrease for the last one or two years, which is confirmed by traditional indicators of living standard and quality.

The paper offers an analysis of the problems and prospects of the most difficult branch of the Russian economy, i.e. coal industry. An attempt is made to find directions for diversifying the economy of a coal region. The authors suggested turning to the theory of value chains. The coal industry is the beginning of a chain of added value formation. The study confirmed the possibility of cooperation with the engineering industry for building new technological chains. The analysis also made it possible to put forward a hypothesis that localization on the territory of processing industries, based on related technologies within the framework of modern elongated and ramified supply chains and value chains, can become an instrument for overcoming "enclave" and reducing resource dependence of regions. Based on the analysis of patent sources, the authors defined the main directions of development of the coal industry that are currently in the focus of attention of the leading coal-...

The paper offers an analysis of the problems and prospects of the most difficult branch of the Russian economy, i.e. coal industry. An attempt is made to find directions for diversifying the economy of a coal region. The authors suggested turning to the theory of value chains. The coal industry is the beginning of a chain of added value formation. The study confirmed the possibility of cooperation with the engineering industry for building new technological chains. The analysis also made it possible to put forward a hypothesis that localization on the territory of processing industries, based on related technologies within the framework of modern elongated and ramified supply chains and value chains, can become an instrument for overcoming "enclave" and reducing resource dependence of regions. Based on the analysis of patent sources, the authors defined the main directions of development of the coal industry that are currently in the focus of attention of the leading coal-...

The paper offers an analysis of the problems and prospects of the most difficult branch of the Russian economy, i.e. coal industry. An attempt is made to find directions for diversifying the economy of a coal region. The authors suggested turning to the theory of value chains. The coal industry is the beginning of a chain of added value formation. The study confirmed the possibility of cooperation with the engineering industry for building new technological chains. The analysis also made it possible to put forward a hypothesis that localization on the territory of processing industries, based on related technologies within the framework of modern elongated and ramified supply chains and value chains, can become an instrument for overcoming "enclave" and reducing resource dependence of regions. Based on the analysis of patent sources, the authors defined the main directions of development of the coal industry that are currently in the focus of attention of the leading coal-...

The research features the problem of searching for a model of relations between the state and the business in the conditions of the changing development vector of the Russian economy. An important place in this discussion is the issue of the boundaries of the public and private sectors. Based on the analysis of modern approaches to models of government-business relations, the authors define the role of relations in the state-business tandem. The most effective form of relations is public-private partnership. The development of the partnership between the state and the business is a mechanismfor the implementation of socially significant projects, as close to the market as possible. It contributes to the socio-economic development and the changes in the development vector of resource regions. The paper introduces a classification of relations in the "state-business" tandem. The authors use the basis method of comparative analysis to distinguish two diametrically opposite mo...

Целью статьи является рассмотрение последствий существования неформальной наемной занятости для российского рынка труда. Понятие «неформальный наем» определяется в рамках легалистского подхода с использованием контрактного критерия. Причинами существования и воспроизводства неформальных отношений занятости на российском рынке труда являются несовершенные институты его регулирования и комплекс экономических и социальных факторов. При этом последствия бесконтрактного найма для различных сторон трудовых отношений имеют различный характер. В статье выделены позитивные и негативные последствия неформального найма для работников, работодателей и государства. Показано, что проблема бесконтрактного найма многослойна, не сводима только к несовершенству институтов регулирования рынка труда и требует адекватных ее сложности подходов к решению. Среди путей снижения уровня неформальной занятости по найму на российском рынке труда-всемерное стимулирование увеличения числа формальных рабочих мест и легализации бизнеса, особенно в сфере мельчайшего и микробизнеса; отказ от попыток насильственной и избыточной формализации наемного труда; улучшение качества регулирования социально-трудовой сферы и условий функционирования бизнеса. При этом следует уделять особое внимание оценке баланса выгод и потерь, связанных с неформальностью, для всех участников социально-трудовых отношений. Ключевые слова: неформальная занятость; незарегистрированная занятость; контракт найма; социально-экономические последствия; качество регулирования.

В статье охарактеризованы результаты изменений в академическом контракте преподавателей российских вузов, которые произошли под воздействием принятия решений о внедрении «эффективного контракта». Показано, что трансформация академического контракта является мировой тенденцией, отражающей более глубокие социально-экономические процессы. Их результаты в целом негативно оцениваются в академическом сообществе. В России изменения в академическом контракте были инициированы сверху. Принудительная и ускоренная трансформация академического контракта была подчинена достижению количественных показателей роста заработной платы преподавателей вузов, установленных в майских указах Президента РФ 2012 г. Характеристика результатов реализации проекта эффективного контракта дана по параметру роста уровня заработной платы преподавателей вузов. Показано, что последствия реализации проекта эффективного контракта в высшем образовании существенно отличаются от ожиданий экспертов-проектировщиков: в статистике роста заработных плат преподавателей вузов выявлены признаки «фейковой экономики», охарактеризованы масштабы сокращения численности преподавателей и их региональный аспект. Однако такой результат реализации проекта эффективного контракта в высшем образовании, как усиление властных полномочий российской бюрократии и взятие под административный контроль академического сообщества, вполне устраивает проектировщиков реформ, так

Currently, attention to regional economies of resource type is on the rise. Many papers dealing the “resource curse” problem discuss the mechanisms forming a trap of human capital underdevelopment. This article is an attempt to find out whether resource dependence of the region affects the development of regional higher education systems and the characteristics of high-quality accumulated human capital. The basis for this study is a fuzzy typology of the Russian regions based on two indicators: the share of extractive industries in GRP, the ratio of the shares of extractive and manufacturing industries, and the calculation of a comprehensive assessment of resource dependence (on the scale from 0 to 10). The calculations made it possible to identify 27 resource-type regions. The authors analyzed the indicators of the educational level of the employed population and the peculiarities of its use (accumulated human capital), the number of university students (human capital flow), as wel...

Cost optimization policy in the mass higher education is an important area of current research. In fact, differentiation of goals and objectives of universities is being transformed under educational policy. An example is the implementation of some variation of the «excellence initiatives» that concentrate limited resources in a small group of privileged universities. Differentiation of universities became the most important feature of the Russian higher education reform in the early 2000s. Higher education institutions were ranked according to their status and public funding. This article examines two aspects, highlighted differently in current studies. The first aspect is the differentiation of universities by level, and their stratification. The second aspect is the localization of regional systems of higher education as a result of the territorial localization of demand for educational services. Resource stratification of universities is becoming an important factor in both strengthening and smoothing out the socioeconomic uneven development of territories. The aim of the article is to determine the place of higher education systems in the resource-type regions. We conducted a comparative analysis of the development of higher education systems in resource-type regions. We assume that the positions of the educational systems of the resource-type regions in the Russian higher education are weakening. Research findings demonstrate that the regional systems of higher education in resource-type regions were in a relatively worse position, with the location of the highstatus universities and the dynamics of the number of students as the main indicators. The resource stratification of universities is associated with the segmentation processes that push the most talented applicants out of the regions and trigger a negative selection of the population in terms of human capital stocks.

The issue of the academic contract in the Russian higher education is associated with the salary systems reform in social sector and scientific field according to the adoption of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from May 7, 2012 No. 597 “On Measures for the Implementation of the State Social Policy”. Institutional project of the effective contract was aimed to solve two problems. Firstly, to raise the level of wages. Secondly, to its orientation to increase performance (i.e. outcomes-based payment). Over the past ten years in practice an effective contract evolved from innovation to university routine. On the other hand, researchers moved from substantiating approaches and elaborating methodologies to analyzing the experience of implementing an academic contract and then to evaluating its outcomes. The purpose of this study is to show the outcomes of the implementation of the effective contract project in the higher education system in two directions. Firstly, t...