Papers by Bipin Indurkhya
We present a system to generate poems based on the information extracted from input text such as ... more We present a system to generate poems based on the information extracted from input text such as blog posts. Our design uses the blackboard architecture , in which independent specialized modules cooperate during the generation process by sharing a common workspace known as the blackboard. Each module is responsible for a particular task while generating poetry. Our implementation incorporates modules that retrieve information from the input text, generate new ideas, or select the best partial solutions. These distinct modules (experts) are implemented as diverse computational units that make use of lexical resources, grammar models, sentiment-analyzing tools, and language-processing algorithms. A control module is responsible for scheduling actions on the blackboard. We argue that the blackboard architecture is a promising way of simulating creative processes because of its flexibility and compliance with the Global Workspace Theory of mind. The main contribution of this work is the design and prototype implementation of an extensible platform for a poetry-generating system that may be further extended by incorporating new experts as well as some existing poetry-generating systems as parts of the blackboard architecture. We claim that this design provides a powerful tool for combining many of the existing efforts in the domain of automatic poetry generation.
Norms are ideals that serve as guiding beacon in many human activities . They are considered to t... more Norms are ideals that serve as guiding beacon in many human activities . They are considered to transcend accepted social and cultural practices, and reflect some universal, moral principles. In this chapter , we will show that norms are cognitive constructs by considering several examples in the domains of language, art and aesthetics, law, science and mathematics. We will argue that, yes, norms are ideals that we posit, so in this respect they go beyond current social and cultural values. However, norms are posited using cognitive mechanisms and are based on our existing knowledge and wisdom. In this sense, norms are what we, as an individual or as a society, strive for, but they show the horizon effect in that they recede and transform as we progress towards them, and sometimes this transformation can be radical .
Large-Scale Multimedia Retrieval (LSMR) is the task to fast analyze a large amount of multi-media... more Large-Scale Multimedia Retrieval (LSMR) is the task to fast analyze a large amount of multi-media data like images or videos and accurately find the ones relevant to a certain semantic meaning. Although LSMR has been investigated for more than two decades in the fields of multimedia processing and computer vision, a more interdisciplinary approach is necessary to develop an LSMR system that is really meaningful for humans. To this end, this paper aims to stimulate attention to the LSMR problem from diverse research fields. By explaining basic terminologies in LSMR, we first survey several representative methods in chronological order. This reveals that due to prioritizing the generality and scalability for large-scale data, recent methods interpret semantic meanings with a completely different mechanism from humans, though such humanlike mechanisms were used in classical heuristic-based methods. Based on this, we discuss human-machine cooperation, which incorporates knowledge about human interpretation into LSMR without sacrificing the generality and scalability. In particular, we present three approaches to human-machine cooperation (cognitive, ontological , and adaptive), which are attributed to cognitive science, ontology engineering, and metacognition, respectively. We hope that this paper will create a bridge to enable researchers in different fields to communicate about the LSMR problem and lead to a ground-breaking next generation of LSMR systems.
Norms are ideals that serve as guiding beacon in many human activities . They are considered to t... more Norms are ideals that serve as guiding beacon in many human activities . They are considered to transcend accepted social and cultural practices, and reflect some universal, moral principles. In this chapter , we will show that norms are cognitive constructs by considering several examples in the domains of language, art and aesthetics, law, science and mathematics. We will argue that, yes, norms are ideals that we posit, so in this respect they go beyond current social and cultural values. However, norms are posited using cognitive mechanisms and are based on our existing knowledge and wisdom. In this sense, norms are what we, as an individual or as a society, strive for, but they show the horizon effect in that they recede and transform as we progress towards them, and sometimes this transformation can be radical .
In recent years, many empirical studies of legal decision-making process have shown that it incor... more In recent years, many empirical studies of legal decision-making process have shown that it incorporates many cognitive, affective, and supra-legal factors. Our goal is to design artificial intelligence systems that model these aspects of legal decision-making. Our vision is to implement a kind of legal assistant that can be used by lawyers and judges to run through different scenarios and produce arguments for different, and possibly contradictory, decisions. We propose a multi-agent blackboard architecture for such an assistive system, employing some insights from our previous work on a context-aware recommender system.
We present a system to generate poems based on the information extracted from input text such as ... more We present a system to generate poems based on the information extracted from input text such as blog posts. Our design uses the blackboard architecture , in which independent specialized modules cooperate during the generation process by sharing a common workspace known as the blackboard. Each module is responsible for a particular task while generating poetry. Our implementation incorporates modules that retrieve information from the input text, generate new ideas, or select the best partial solutions. These distinct modules (experts) are implemented as diverse computational units that make use of lexical resources, grammar models, sentiment-analyzing tools, and language-processing algorithms. A control module is responsible for scheduling actions on the blackboard. We argue that the blackboard architecture is a promising way of simulating creative processes because of its flexibility and compliance with the Global Workspace Theory of mind. The main contribution of this work is the design and prototype implementation of an extensible platform for a poetry-generating system that may be further extended by incorporating new experts as well as some existing poetry-generating systems as parts of the blackboard architecture. We claim that this design provides a powerful tool for combining many of the existing efforts in the domain of automatic poetry generation.
Studies in Cognitive Systems, 1992
Studies in Cognitive Systems, 1992
Studies in Cognitive Systems, 1992
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2013
In deciding where to place a text block on an image, there are two major factors: aesthetic of th... more In deciding where to place a text block on an image, there are two major factors: aesthetic of the design composition, and the visual attention that the text block naturally attracts. We propose a computational model to address this problem based on the principles of visual balance and the diagonal method of placing emphasis. A between-subject study with seven participants was conducted to validate our model with subjective ratings. Eight color photographs were used to generate a set of text-overlaid images as the stimuli. Participants rated the stimuli for aesthetic appeal on a seven-point likert scale. Results show that the participants preferred text-overlaid images generated by our method of text placement over random text placement.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011
In this paper, we make the first steps towards developing a fully automatic tool for supporting u... more In this paper, we make the first steps towards developing a fully automatic tool for supporting users for navigation on the web. We developed a prototype that takes a user-goal and a website URL as input and predicts the correct hyperlink to click on each web page starting ...
Atlantis Thinking Machines, 2014
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing, 2010
Autism and dyslexia are both developmental disorders of neural origin. As we still do not underst... more Autism and dyslexia are both developmental disorders of neural origin. As we still do not understand the neural basis of these disorders fully, technology can take two approaches in helping those affected. The first is to compensate externally for a known difficulty and the other is to achieve the same function using a completely different means. To demonstrate the first option, we are developing a system to compensate for the auditory processing difficulties in case of dyslexia and to demonstrate the second option we propose a system for autism where we remove the need for traditional languages and instead use pictures for communication.
Proceedings of the 22nd ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia - HT '11, 2011
Google, Inc. (search). ... An algorithm to generate engaging narratives through non-linearity. Fu... more Google, Inc. (search). ... An algorithm to generate engaging narratives through non-linearity. Full Text: PDF PDF. ... Cornell University Press, 1980. 6. YG Cheong. A computational model of narrativegeneration for suspense. In AAAI. AAAI Press, 2006. 7. V. Chilukuri and B. Indurkhya. ...
Coming up with new and creative advertisements is a sophisticated task for humans, because creati... more Coming up with new and creative advertisements is a sophisticated task for humans, because creativity requires breaking conventional associations to create new juxtaposition of familiar objects. Using objects in an uncommon context attracts the viewer's attention and is an effective way to communicate a message in advertisements. Perceptual similarity seems to be a major source for creativity in the domain of visual metaphors, e.g. replacing objects by perceptually similar, but conceptually different objects is a technique to create new and unconventional interpretations. In this paper, we analyze the role of perceptual similarity in advertisements and propose an extension of Heuristic-Driven Theory Projection, a computational theory for analogy making that can be used to automatically compute interpretations of visual metaphors.
Synthese, 1986
In this paper we propose a formal theory of metaphors called Constrained Semantic Transference [C... more In this paper we propose a formal theory of metaphors called Constrained Semantic Transference [CST]. We start from the assumptions that metaphors are characterized by the description of one domain, called the target domain, in terms of another domain, called the ...
Synthese, 1990
This paper begins with a rigorous critique of David Stove's recent bookThe Rationali... more This paper begins with a rigorous critique of David Stove's recent bookThe Rationality of Induction. In it, Stove produced four different proofs to refute Hume's sceptical thesis about induction. I show that Stove's attempts to vindicate induction are unsuccessful. Three of his ...
New Ideas in Psychology, 2006
We focus here on the problem of how new representations emerge through a cognitive agent's intera... more We focus here on the problem of how new representations emerge through a cognitive agent's interaction with the environment. We address this problem within a framework where representation-building mechanisms operate to create new representations against a backdrop of existing representations, and argue that novel and creative metaphors in any language provide a prime example of this phenomenon. Our approach to modeling the emergence of representation integrates ideas from three different streams of research: (1) the interaction theory of metaphor proposed by Black and others to account for the creativity of metaphors; (2) gestalt theories of perception; and (3) contemporary research supporting a constructivist and action-oriented view of perception and cognition. Combining these insights together, we outline our Gestalt projection model, and discuss three different ways in which new representations might emerge through metaphors. Finally, we propose that metaphor may be viewed as a cognitive force through which a cognitive agent asserts its creative spirit onto the environment. r
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Papers by Bipin Indurkhya