Papers by Walid El-Khattam
e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy
2022 International Telecommunications Conference (ITC-Egypt), Jul 26, 2022
2023 International Telecommunications Conference (ITC-Egypt)
SAE International Journal of Electrified Vehicles
In recent years we have seen a dramatic shift toward the use of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in a ... more In recent years we have seen a dramatic shift toward the use of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in a variety of applications, including portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and grid storage. Even though more and more car companies are making electric models, people still worry about how far the batteries will go and how long it will take to charge them. It is common knowledge that the high currents that are necessary to quicken the charging process also lower the energy efficiency of the battery and cause it to lose capacity and power more quickly. We need an understanding of atoms and systems to better comprehend fast charging (FC) and enhance its effectiveness. These difficulties are discussed in detail in this work, which examines the literature on physical phenomena limiting battery charging speeds as well as the degradation mechanisms that typically occur while charging at high currents. Special consideration is given to charging at low temperatures. The consequences for ...
Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, 2016
This paper presents an adaptive protection coordination scheme for optimal coordination of DOCRs ... more This paper presents an adaptive protection coordination scheme for optimal coordination of DOCRs in interconnected power networks with the impact of DG, the used coordination technique is the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). The scheme adapts to system changes; new relays settings are obtained as generation-level or system-topology changes. The developed adaptive scheme is applied on the IEEE 30-bus test system for both single-and multi-DG existence where results are shown and discussed.
2023 International Telecommunications Conference (ITC-Egypt)
2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2009
... PBRik, PBRik * are the actual and expected state of the kth Primary Backup protective Relay a... more ... PBRik, PBRik * are the actual and expected state of the kth Primary Backup protective Relay about ith section. SBRil, SBRil * are the actual and expected state of the lth Secondary Backup protective Relay about ith section. RCRm ...
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2020
The increase reliance on competitive electricity market has led to widespread research to realloc... more The increase reliance on competitive electricity market has led to widespread research to reallocate energy sources and minimize the price of energy and the services related to it. The main issues that faces the design of any energy market, is thehigh cost of generation and the high shadow pricesthat highly impacts the consumers.Also,achieving the supply-demand balance and minimization of the transmission congestion is a vital goal while planning. In this paper, a transparent and open competitive market is attained. In order to control the electricity market and reduce the market clearing price, this study proposed introducing renewable energy power plants which has lower electricity generation cost in comparison with the conventional power plants.Minimization of the shadow price is achieved by dividing the electricity grid into multiple regions. Every region has a different shadow price depending on the load demand and the power plants available to supply the demand at this region....
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
The number of electrical vehicles (EVs) on the road has increased in recent years, including batt... more The number of electrical vehicles (EVs) on the road has increased in recent years, including battery-electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEV). This mode of transportation is expected to eventually replace internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, based on current trends. Each key EV component integrates several technologies that are either currently in use or have the potential to become prominent in the future. Environmental, power systems, and other industries may be adversely affected by electric vehicles (EVs). With sufficient EV penetration, the current power system could be subjected to severe instabilities; nevertheless, with proper management and coordination, EVs can significantly contribute to the success of the smart grid concept. Moreover, EVs have the potential to significantly cut transportation-related emissions of greenhouse gases. However, there are still considerable b...
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2008
A new approach is proposed to solve the directional overcurrent relay coordination problem, which... more A new approach is proposed to solve the directional overcurrent relay coordination problem, which arises from installing distributed generation (DG) in looped power delivery systems (PDS). This approach involves the implementation of a fault current limiter (FCL) to locally limit the DG fault current, and thus restore the original relay coordination. The proposed restoration approach is carried out without altering the original relay settings or disconnecting DGs from PDSs during fault. Therefore, it is applicable to both the current practice of disconnecting DGs from PDSs, and the emergent trend of keeping DGs in PDSs during fault. The process of selecting FCL impedance type (inductive or resistive) and its minimum value is illustrated. Three scenarios are discussed: no DG, the implementation of DG with FCL and without FCL. Various simulations are carried out for both single-and multi-DG existence, and different DG and fault locations. The obtained results are reported and discussed. Index Terms-Directional overcurrent relay coordination, distributed generation (DG), fault current limiter (FCL), looped power delivery system (PDS), short-circuit analysis. NOMENCLATURE , , Relay characteristic constants. Number of candidate DG locations. Coordination time interval for backup-primary relay pair (in seconds). Fault location. , Relay indices. th relay near-end-fault current (in amps). th relay fault current for near-end fault at the th relay (in amps). th relay pickup current (in amps). IFCL Inductive reactance FCL (in per unit). The objective function (in seconds). LDC Local distribution company. th relay multiple of pickup current. th relay multiple of pickup current for the th relay near-end fault. Total number of system directional overcurrent relays in the system.
2018 Twentieth International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), 2018
A large number of small scale single-phase Distributed Generation units (DGs) are widely used wor... more A large number of small scale single-phase Distributed Generation units (DGs) are widely used worldwide. Therefore, the impact of their high level penetration can increase distribution networks three-phase unbalance. To mitigate this effect, a new control topology is introduced to maintain the unbalance of the network's three phase currents within distribution codes' limits by switching the single-phase inverter output between the three phases according to the level of current flows in each network's phases. An adequate PQ controller with unbalance controller reference is implemented through detecting the highest error value to select the single-phase inverter's connection point. The synergy between the multilevel inverter topology and the proposed unbalance controller with adequate PQ controller, would be a major enhancement in PV single-phase systems, which in return facilitates smart grid technology applications.
Electric Power Systems Research, 2004
As a result of the application of deregulation in the electric power sector, a new identity appea... more As a result of the application of deregulation in the electric power sector, a new identity appeared in the electric power system map known as "distributed generation" (DG). According to new technology, the electric power generation trend uses disbursed generator sized from kW to MW at load sits instead of using traditional centralized generation units sized from 100 MW to GW and located far from the loads where the natural recourses are available. This paper introduces a survey of this revolutionary approach of DGs, which will change the way electric power systems operate along with their types and operating technologies. Some important definitions of DGs and their operational constraints are discussed to help in understanding the concepts and regulations related to DGs. Furthermore, we will survey the operational and economical benefits of implementing DGs in the distribution network. Most DG literatures are based on studying the definitions, constructions or benefits of DGs separately. However, in our paper we aim to give a comprehensive survey by adding new classifications to relate the DG types, technologies and applications to each other.
European Energy & Climate Journal
2014 49th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 2014
2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2009
2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37309), 2002
The application of deregulation policy in power sector has emphasized the need for new tools, whi... more The application of deregulation policy in power sector has emphasized the need for new tools, which are capable of tracking and mitigating the voltage disturbances caused by non-linear loads. This paper introduces a new strategy to track and mitigate the voltage flicker and the unbalance produced by large AC arc furnaces. The mitigation strategy depends on an innovative technique for voltage disturbance extraction, which uses symmetrical components. This paper proves that The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is capable of suppressing the entire voltage disturbance in the industrial system. Results of digital simulation are presented to validate and verify the control strategy and to assess the performance of UPQC to mitigate the voltage flicker and the unbalance produced by AC arc furnace.
This paper proposes to solve the coordination of directional overcurrent relays problem (DOCK) us... more This paper proposes to solve the coordination of directional overcurrent relays problem (DOCK) using Artificial Bee Colony optimization (ABC) which is robust and easily implemented. Three case studies were evaluated and implemented on looped 3-bus, 6-bus, and 8-bus systems. The obtained results from the proposed ABC algorithm is compared to those using Linear Programming (LP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ABC in such problems that are highly constrained. Finally, conclusions are reported and discussed. (4 pages)
This paper presents the results obtained when using three different models of the asynchronous ma... more This paper presents the results obtained when using three different models of the asynchronous machine. The first order model is used to determine the steady-state performance when the rotor of the machine is fed with different direct-and quadrature-axis components of control voltages. The third and fifth order models are simulated and implemented into PSCAD/EMTDC software. These models are used to determine the dynamic behavior of the asynchronous machine when it is connected to an infinite bus and operating with normal conditions. Also, they are used to determine the performance when the induction machine is subjected to three-phase symmetrical faults.
2020 IEEE Electric Power and Energy Conference (EPEC), 2020
Smart Grid utilities have been considering the widespread integration of Renewable Energy Sources... more Smart Grid utilities have been considering the widespread integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), such as wind and solar systems, for power generation. However, the main obstacle that faces these kinds of resources is their intermittent nature of power generation. Therefore, this will affect the system’s ability to safely cover the required load demand. One of the solutions to overcome this mismatching issue is to reshape the demand profiles to match the available source profiles. In this paper, we develop an algorithm for Demand Side Management (DSM) using the load shifting technique. The proposed algorithm aims to maximize the systems’ Load Factor (LF) by reducing the peak load of the system. Additionally, the algorithm minimizes the cost of the energy consumption by shifting loads according to different Time of Use (ToU) tariffs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm by conducting the maximization of the LF and the minimization of energy consumption co...
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Papers by Walid El-Khattam