explaining that hobby Lobby "signal[ed] significant change in religious liberty doctrine" in part... more explaining that hobby Lobby "signal[ed] significant change in religious liberty doctrine" in part because it "relaxed the requirement that objectors establish that the burden on their religious freedom is substantial." Under this relaxed substantial burden standard, a religious objector "may claim a sincerely held religious belief, assert that the burden of compliance with a regulation is substantial, and, with pleadings alone, shift the burden of proof to the government" to demonstrate that the law is the least restrictive means of furthering a compelling interest). 22. See, e.g., Platt, Franke, Shepherd & Hadjiivanova, supra note 11, at 38 (suggesting that if Roe is either explicitly overturned or eroded, "religious liberty laws, including state RFRAs, could provide potential avenues for medical providers, activists, clergy, and patients to preserve abortion care," such as by serving as a defense to prosecution); Violet S. Rush, Religious Freedom and Self-Induced Abortion, 54 Tulsa L. Rev. 491 (2019) (arguing that caregivers who assist with self-induced abortion for religious reasons can assert state RFRAs as a defense against a criminal charge); Kaili E. Matthews, Reverse
Implementation of the primary nursing care model requires a change in the role of the nurse manag... more Implementation of the primary nursing care model requires a change in the role of the nurse manager from "a collector of information and responses" to a nurses' trainer in care planning and related decision-making and support. To describe the experience of introducing the primary nursing care model in a surgical setting; to describe methods designed to change the nurse manager's role; and to provide organizational elements and data based on practical experience. In order to apply the four cornerstones of primary nursing to a surgical setting, the staff was given full assistance by creating the necessary organizational and relational conditions and promoting the transition from "being a primary nurse" to "feeling a primary nurse" in their provision of care to, and relationship with patients, as well as in their experience with their respective families and social environment. The transition from a team nursing to primary nursing model was prepared by defining care standards, reshaping organizational processes, mapping nursing competencies, defining materials and resources, building instruments such as clinical care pathways, and administering a questionnaire for nurses and patients as both a fact-finding survey tool preceding the introduction of the model and an impact-assessment tool at one year's distance of such introduction. The application of the primary nursing model created a positive environment in professional relationships where nurses could test their accountability; in addition, patients' satisfaction with the care provided was higher; their perception of dignity improved with regard to privacy, autonomy and relational aspects; and, finally, pain perceived at rest and on movement dropped. The manager's satisfaction does not derive from knowing anything about his or her patients and controlling the situation at any time, but rather from seeing patients recognize and seek care from their attending nurses, who are closely involved in care provided to patients and feel comfortable about what they are doing and their own professional growth. The primary nursing model implies a necessary renewal in the cordinatoor's role to include clinical and managerial components in its leadership activities at the patient's bedside. When the model is applied, a nurse manager becomes a clinical manager who works out standards for the care practice, assesses the performance of his or her staff, teaches nurses, supports them in decision-making, oversees care, coordinates care activities, and has a direct experience in the relationship that a nurse establishes with a patient.
explaining that hobby Lobby "signal[ed] significant change in religious liberty doctrine" in part... more explaining that hobby Lobby "signal[ed] significant change in religious liberty doctrine" in part because it "relaxed the requirement that objectors establish that the burden on their religious freedom is substantial." Under this relaxed substantial burden standard, a religious objector "may claim a sincerely held religious belief, assert that the burden of compliance with a regulation is substantial, and, with pleadings alone, shift the burden of proof to the government" to demonstrate that the law is the least restrictive means of furthering a compelling interest). 22. See, e.g., Platt, Franke, Shepherd & Hadjiivanova, supra note 11, at 38 (suggesting that if Roe is either explicitly overturned or eroded, "religious liberty laws, including state RFRAs, could provide potential avenues for medical providers, activists, clergy, and patients to preserve abortion care," such as by serving as a defense to prosecution); Violet S. Rush, Religious Freedom and Self-Induced Abortion, 54 Tulsa L. Rev. 491 (2019) (arguing that caregivers who assist with self-induced abortion for religious reasons can assert state RFRAs as a defense against a criminal charge); Kaili E. Matthews, Reverse
Implementation of the primary nursing care model requires a change in the role of the nurse manag... more Implementation of the primary nursing care model requires a change in the role of the nurse manager from "a collector of information and responses" to a nurses' trainer in care planning and related decision-making and support. To describe the experience of introducing the primary nursing care model in a surgical setting; to describe methods designed to change the nurse manager's role; and to provide organizational elements and data based on practical experience. In order to apply the four cornerstones of primary nursing to a surgical setting, the staff was given full assistance by creating the necessary organizational and relational conditions and promoting the transition from "being a primary nurse" to "feeling a primary nurse" in their provision of care to, and relationship with patients, as well as in their experience with their respective families and social environment. The transition from a team nursing to primary nursing model was prepared by defining care standards, reshaping organizational processes, mapping nursing competencies, defining materials and resources, building instruments such as clinical care pathways, and administering a questionnaire for nurses and patients as both a fact-finding survey tool preceding the introduction of the model and an impact-assessment tool at one year's distance of such introduction. The application of the primary nursing model created a positive environment in professional relationships where nurses could test their accountability; in addition, patients' satisfaction with the care provided was higher; their perception of dignity improved with regard to privacy, autonomy and relational aspects; and, finally, pain perceived at rest and on movement dropped. The manager's satisfaction does not derive from knowing anything about his or her patients and controlling the situation at any time, but rather from seeing patients recognize and seek care from their attending nurses, who are closely involved in care provided to patients and feel comfortable about what they are doing and their own professional growth. The primary nursing model implies a necessary renewal in the cordinatoor's role to include clinical and managerial components in its leadership activities at the patient's bedside. When the model is applied, a nurse manager becomes a clinical manager who works out standards for the care practice, assesses the performance of his or her staff, teaches nurses, supports them in decision-making, oversees care, coordinates care activities, and has a direct experience in the relationship that a nurse establishes with a patient.
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