Papers by Jayashri Sharma
Indian journal of malariology, 1998
The derivation of important antimalarial compounds started with the discovery of Cinchona bark po... more The derivation of important antimalarial compounds started with the discovery of Cinchona bark powder with wine. Subsequently, post World War-I was a period of intensive work in maintaining such ethnobotanical records, in which the use of quinine has remained the drug of choice in malaria. After World War-II new chemical techniques were used to fractionate and isolate, and also for structure determinations, which led to an ever increasing number of potential antiplasmodial compounds. Recently experimental studies in animals and in clinical trials, showed the emergence of CQ-sensitive and CQ-resistant strains of Plasmodium. This paper is an attempt to update a historical list of antimalarial plants and their natural products as studied by pharmacognostic extraction methods of crude drug research of those times. Further an attempt has been undertaken to list the compounds as classified into three major groups, namely alkaloids, terpenes and quassinoids and aromatic and miscellaneous c...
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 1991
Granulomatous reaetion~ encircle parasitised macrophages in Leishmaniasis, modify th~ tissue arra... more Granulomatous reaetion~ encircle parasitised macrophages in Leishmaniasis, modify th~ tissue arrangement of T-cells and macrophage function, and potentially reverse some of the immune defects which favour the evolution and modulation of a protective CMI response. An overall T-cell mediated energy in mice along with cutaneous lesions, is known to occur by the release of lymphokines and the recruitment of an immune axis of many other serum factors, including the ncuropeptides. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is one such neuropeptide released from a fine network of widespread nerve terminals, and in Peyer's patches of the cut, which directly inhibits the lymphocytic response, and allows for a defect in cutaneous reactions similar to peripherally blood derived factors. We observed the effect of VIP on the response of lymphocytic 3H-Thymidine uptake with mitogen, and the effect of VII' on the normal tissue response of Balb c/mice during leisnmanial infection. An infusion of VIP receptor antagonist (VIPIo.28) at 20 and 40 ugm/kg bd wt was used as a probe for VIP function, and found to hasten the resolution of L. tropica skin infection in mice. The immunosuppressive role of VIP is that of down regulating the immune system, through the cyclic AMP pathway similar to that of PGE in leishmaniasis. Its neuroimmunomodulatory role derives itom its neuronal origin, and its innate capacity to interact with immune cellular and tissue responses, in the overall process of disease.
Indian journal of experimental biology, 2000
The expanding foci of multiple drug resistant malaria and emergence of different strains requires... more The expanding foci of multiple drug resistant malaria and emergence of different strains requires the reassessment of antimalarial activity with various drugs. In vitro response of a chloroquine sensitive and a chloroquine resistant isolate of P. falciparum to a group of 6 quinine derived and 3 artemisinin derived standard drugs has been screened, to evaluate schizontocidal activity of the drugs. In a conventional test system the IC50s were derived from the log dose response curves and evaluated by a rigorous statistical interpretation. Analysis by Tukey's test was significant for the quinine related drugs (Q < or = 0.01) and excludes the statistical significance of artemisinin related drugs in these isolates. The dose-responses of these two isolates vary with quinine derivatives, with some overlap at lower doses for the sensitive isolate than for the resistant one which manifests at higher doses.
Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 2018
International Journal of Neuroscience, 1990
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Dec 15, 1999
Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. commonly known, as 'Arka' is a popular medicinal plant found thro... more Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. commonly known, as 'Arka' is a popular medicinal plant found throughout the tropics of Asia and Africa and is used in many traditional systems of medicine. Important factors of the various parts of this plant have been widely reported. Good record keeping of subjective and objectively recorded cures by practitioners of traditional medicinal system will help in the establishment of the use of C. procera as an antimalarial plant. It has been attempted to see the effect of crude fractions of its flower, bud and roof against a chloroquine sensitive strain, MRC 20 and a chloroquine resistant strain, MRC 76 of Plasmodium falciparum using the Desjardins method and the effectiveness of its fractions compare better with the CQ sensitive strain than the CQ resistant strain in vitro.
International Journal of Neuroscience, 1990
Phytotherapy Research, 2001
The resurgence of the protozoal diseases amoebiasis and malaria has been known to occur, from tim... more The resurgence of the protozoal diseases amoebiasis and malaria has been known to occur, from time to time, in endemic and epidemic proportions all over the world. Furthermore, the import of these individual pathogens to other areas from tropical regions encourages these protozoal diseases to occur on a global scale with considerable associated mortality and morbidity. From time immemorial, the cure of these diseases has been attempted with the use of traditional plant products, derived from such species as are available within local habitats and ecosystems, and dependent on their host community for their conservation. Scientific validation and in vitro investigation, continues to be an important requirement for drug development, particularly with the emergence of resistance and cross resistance to some standard drugs used in such protozoal diseases. This paper provides a comparative compilation of the various studies reported between 1982 and 1999, on plants with antiamoebic activities and those which possess both antiamoebic and antiplasmodial activities. The results suggest that it is advisable to increase efforts towards the conservation of such plants, in order to retain their economic and therapeutic significance.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2001
Human erythrocytes were exposed in a dose dependent manner to various ethanolic plant extracts, a... more Human erythrocytes were exposed in a dose dependent manner to various ethanolic plant extracts, and fractions obtained from plant parts of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. and the gum-oleo resin of Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhand. These have been screened for in vitro schizontocidal activity and graded with respect to their 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) derived from the twofold serial dilution of the dose range 0.0625-2 mg/ml. An attempt had been made to relate their antiplasmodial activity with their cytotoxicity as represented by the in vitro rate of hemolysis. Intact erythrocytes were found to respond with a dose-time-integral and fitted to models of pseudo first-order reaction, Michaelis-Menten equation and Hill equation with k 1 , k 2 and k 3 as their rate constants, respectively. Hemolysis isotherms of flower and root of C. procera and gum-oleo resin of C. wightii extracts were representative. Erythrocytic membrane instability is possibly a major factor as has been earlier reported with ethanol and chloroquine for the cytotoxicity of these plant extracts.
Fitoterapia, 2000
Following an ethnobotanical approach, the ethanol extracts of Calotropis procera leaves, stems, r... more Following an ethnobotanical approach, the ethanol extracts of Calotropis procera leaves, stems, roots, flowers and buds have been screened in vitro for antimalarial activity against chloroquine (CQ)-sensitive and CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1987
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 1991
Granulomatous reaetion~ encircle parasitised macrophages in Leishmaniasis, modify th~ tissue arra... more Granulomatous reaetion~ encircle parasitised macrophages in Leishmaniasis, modify th~ tissue arrangement of T-cells and macrophage function, and potentially reverse some of the immune defects which favour the evolution and modulation of a protective CMI response. An overall T-cell mediated energy in mice along with cutaneous lesions, is known to occur by the release of lymphokines and the recruitment of an immune axis of many other serum factors, including the ncuropeptides. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is one such neuropeptide released from a fine network of widespread nerve terminals, and in Peyer's patches of the cut, which directly inhibits the lymphocytic response, and allows for a defect in cutaneous reactions similar to peripherally blood derived factors. We observed the effect of VIP on the response of lymphocytic 3H-Thymidine uptake with mitogen, and the effect of VII' on the normal tissue response of Balb c/mice during leisnmanial infection. An infusion of VIP receptor antagonist (VIPIo.28) at 20 and 40 ugm/kg bd wt was used as a probe for VIP function, and found to hasten the resolution of L. tropica skin infection in mice. The immunosuppressive role of VIP is that of down regulating the immune system, through the cyclic AMP pathway similar to that of PGE in leishmaniasis. Its neuroimmunomodulatory role derives itom its neuronal origin, and its innate capacity to interact with immune cellular and tissue responses, in the overall process of disease. GnRH, LH, FSH AND TESTOSTERONE IMMUNOREACTIVE CELLS IN THE RAT THYMUS Gordana Lelmsavi~ Mileva Mi~.i~ and Mirela
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Papers by Jayashri Sharma