Papers by Darya S. Hussein
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology
Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and com... more Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and commonly causes diarrhoea, iron deficiency anemia, and other gastrointestinal problem in men, especially among children in poor sanitation areas with contaminated drinking water resources. This study aimed to detect and determination of the rate of giardiasis in Duhok city. In this study, 105 Stool samples were collected from children of different ages and both sex, during different days from May to August 2019. Serological tests have been applied for the identification of giardiasis. From the results, 5.71% (6) stool samples were given positive, 4.87% in males and 6.25% in females, Depending on the stool types, 3.1% (1) of infection were reported in semi-formed stool type, 7.69% (3) in loose and 5.88% (2) in watery stool type. According to the age groups, the highest infection (3) was recorded in the 6-10 years' accounting (8.57%), while the lowest infection rate was 3.12% (1) in > 10 years' age groups, with no significant differences. This study shows the prevalence rate of G. lamblia among children in Duhok city. Preventing this infection requires good plans and strategies with good individual hygiene, the use of a healthy drinking water supply, and useful educational program to control this disease.
Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2023
The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing ... more The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing the unprescribed antibiotics UABs. It furthermore aims, to specify the most dispensed UAB types, the most common infections, signs and symptoms that require dispensing the UABs in community pharmacies of Duhok city and its districts. Methods: A cross sectional cohort study had been conducted from September to October 2022, private community pharmacies of Duhok province were included in this study. A standardized questionnaire platform was utilized to complete the survey, it included 2 sections, the first of which was related to demographic data and the second part included details of the dispensing unprescribed antibiotics UABs like: what are the most common dispensed UABs, what are the most common illness and symptoms of patients who require dispensing UABs. Results: One hundred fifty pharmacies have been included in this study. The majorities were from Duhok city 46%, and Zakho 28.7%. The prevalence of dispensing UABs was 100%, the three most common dispensed UABs were Amoxicillin 77%, followed by azithromycin 16% and cefixime 7%. The most infections and conditions requiring dispensing UABs were tonsilitis (69.3%), followed by flu and common cold (58.7%), and lower respiratory tract infection (48.7%). Conclusion: This study concluded that dispensing UABs is a frequent practice in Duhok community pharmacies. Viruses are the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infections; hence, antibiotics must be avoided and OTC medicines should be encouraged to alleviate the symptoms. Continuing medical education through training pharmacists on dispensing antibiotics by adhering to the regulations of antibiotic stewardship is crucial.
The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing ... more The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing the unprescribed antibiotics UABs. It furthermore aims, to specify the most dispensed UAB types, the most common infections, signs and symptoms that require dispensing the UABs in community pharmacies of Duhok city and its districts. Methods: A cross sectional cohort study had been conducted from September to October 2022, private community pharmacies of Duhok province were included in this study. A standardized questionnaire platform was utilized to complete the survey, it included 2 sections, the first of which was related to demographic data and the second part included details of the dispensing unprescribed antibiotics UABs like: what are the most common dispensed UABs, what are the most common illness and symptoms of patients who require dispensing UABs. Results: One hundred fifty pharmacies have been included in this study. The majorities were from Duhok city 46%, and Zakho 28.7%. The prevalence of dispensing UABs was 100%, the three most common dispensed UABs were Amoxicillin 77%, followed by azithromycin 16% and cefixime 7%. The most infections and conditions requiring dispensing UABs were tonsilitis (69.3%), followed by flu and common cold (58.7%), and lower respiratory tract infection (48.7%). Conclusion: This study concluded that dispensing UABs is a frequent practice in Duhok community pharmacies. Viruses are the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infections; hence, antibiotics must be avoided and OTC medicines should be encouraged to alleviate the symptoms. Continuing medical education through training pharmacists on dispensing antibiotics by adhering to the regulations of antibiotic stewardship is crucial.
The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing ... more The study aims to provide a descriptive overview about the magnitude and frequency of dispensing the unprescribed antibiotics UABs. It furthermore aims, to specify the most dispensed UAB types, the most common infections, signs and symptoms that require dispensing the UABs in community pharmacies of Duhok city and its districts. Methods: A cross sectional cohort study had been conducted from September to October 2022, private community pharmacies of Duhok province were included in this study. A standardized questionnaire platform was utilized to complete the survey, it included 2 sections, the first of which was related to demographic data and the second part included details of the dispensing unprescribed antibiotics UABs like: what are the most common dispensed UABs, what are the most common illness and symptoms of patients who require dispensing UABs. Results: One hundred fifty pharmacies have been included in this study. The majorities were from Duhok city 46%, and Zakho 28.7%. The prevalence of dispensing UABs was 100%, the three most common dispensed UABs were Amoxicillin 77%, followed by azithromycin 16% and cefixime 7%. The most infections and conditions requiring dispensing UABs were tonsilitis (69.3%), followed by flu and common cold (58.7%), and lower respiratory tract infection (48.7%). Conclusion: This study concluded that dispensing UABs is a frequent practice in Duhok community pharmacies. Viruses are the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infections; hence, antibiotics must be avoided and OTC medicines should be encouraged to alleviate the symptoms. Continuing medical education through training pharmacists on dispensing antibiotics by adhering to the regulations of antibiotic stewardship is crucial.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, 2022
Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and com... more Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and commonly causes diarrhoea, iron deficiency anemia, and other gastrointestinal problem in men, especially among children in poor sanitation areas with contaminated drinking water resources. This study aimed to detect and determination of the rate of giardiasis in Duhok city. In this study, 105 Stool samples were collected from children of different ages and both sex, during different days from May to August 2019. Serological tests have been applied for the identification of giardiasis. From the results, 5.71% (6) stool samples were given positive, 4.87% in males and 6.25% in females, Depending on the stool types, 3.1% (1) of infection were reported in semi-formed stool type, 7.69% (3) in loose and 5.88% (2) in watery stool type. According to the age groups, the highest infection (3) was recorded in the 6-10 years’ accounting (8.57%), while the lowest infection rate was 3.12% (1) in > 10 years’ age groups, with no significant differences. This study shows the prevalence rate of G. lamblia among children in Duhok city. Preventing this infection requires good plans and strategies with good individual hygiene, the use of a healthy drinking water supply, and useful educational program to control this disease.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, 2022
Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and com... more Giardia lamblia is one of the pathogenic parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tract and commonly causes diarrhoea, iron deficiency anemia, and other gastrointestinal problem in men, especially among children in poor sanitation areas with contaminated drinking water resources. This study aimed to detect and determination of the rate of giardiasis in Duhok city. In this study, 105 Stool samples were collected from children of different ages and both sex, during different days from May to August 2019. Serological tests have been applied for the identification of giardiasis. From the results, 5.71% (6) stool samples were given positive, 4.87% in males and 6.25% in females, Depending on the stool types, 3.1% (1) of infection were reported in semi-formed stool type, 7.69% (3) in loose and 5.88% (2) in watery stool type. According to the age groups, the highest infection (3) was recorded in the 6-10 years’ accounting (8.57%), while the lowest infection rate was 3.12% (1) in > 10 years’ age groups, with no significant differences. This study shows the prevalence rate of G. lamblia among children in Duhok city. Preventing this infection requires good plans and strategies with good individual hygiene, the use of a healthy drinking water supply, and useful educational program to control this disease.
https://www.researchgate.net/, 2020
Scabies is one of the important dermatologic problems with worldwide distribution everywhere, esp... more Scabies is one of the important dermatologic problems with worldwide distribution everywhere, especially in developing countries and Iraq. The aim of current study is to determine the exact status of scabies infestation in Duhok province and some Duhok refugees' camps in order to get better management and control of scabies disease. The prevalence of Scabies was 5.52% and 5.45% in both Duhok province and Duhok refugees' camps respectively, the incidence was higher in female in both Duhok province (52.41%) and Duhok refugees' camps (57.89%). The highest scabies incidence was shown in 31-40 years age group, and the lowest incidence in 50 years and over age group. The highest infestation percentage was recorded in January (19.90%) and February (16.10%) and the lowest infestation percentage in April (9.80%) and July (6.70%). According to education status of infested patients, in Duhok province and Duhok refugees' camps the infestation rate of illiterate patients recorded in 85% and 95% respectively.
International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research
Scabies is one of the important dermatologic problems with worldwide distribution everywhere, esp... more Scabies is one of the important dermatologic problems with worldwide distribution everywhere, especially in developing countries and Iraq. The aim of current study is to determine the exact status of scabies infestation in Duhok province and some Duhok refugees’ camps in order to get better management and control of scabies disease. The prevalence of Scabies was 5.52% and 5.45% in both Duhok province and Duhok refugees’ camps respectively, the incidence was higher in female in both Duhok province (52.41%) and Duhok refugees’ camps (57.89%). The highest scabies incidence was shown in 31 40 years age group, and the lowest incidence in 50 years and over age group. The highest infestation percentage was recorded in January (19.90%) and February (16.10%) and the lowest infestation percentage in April (9.80%) and July (6.70%). According to education status of infested patients, in Duhok province and Duhok refugees’ camps the infestation rate of illiterate patients recorded in 85% and 95% respectively. Keywords: Sarcoptes scabiei, Scabies infestation, Skin infection, Duhok province, health centres. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/6-11-03
Original Article, 2021
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) alterations and... more This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) alterations and different types of thyroid dysfunctions in both sexes with no age limitations from variety of sources in Duhok province. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we screened 25040 suspicious cases of thyroid diseases in a year (2019), retrieving the data from the computers of three clinical laboratories of Duhok City. Following exclusion of 470 cases, 24568 cases were included to categorize the different types of thyroid dysfunctions. The prevalence of TSH alteration was 25.03%, 20.55% of them had a high concentration being statistically higher in females, while only 4.48% was low TSH with equal prevalence among both sexes. Out of 24568 patients, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 94.85%, followed by 2.20%, 1.20%, 0.78%, 0.67%, and 0.31% for each of subclinical hyperthyroidism, primary hypothyroidism, central hyperthyroidism, central hypothyroidism, and primary hyperthyroidism respectively. In conclusion, the studied population had high prevalence of high TSH level (20.55%), being more prevalent in female than in male. Our survey revealed that the distribution of thyroid disorders varied among different age groups with highest prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in all age groups (94.85%). We also concluded that middle and advanced ages, and females were more susceptible to thyroid disorders.
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Papers by Darya S. Hussein