Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB
Metodologias de concepção de interface do usuário apresentam em seu fluxo atividades associadas a... more Metodologias de concepção de interface do usuário apresentam em seu fluxo atividades associadas ao uso de protótipos de interface. O uso de técnicas de prototipagem traz vantagens tanto para o processo quanto para o produto final obtido. Os protótipos de interface podem ser classificados em níveis de fidelidade ao produto final: baixa, média e alta fidelidade. Este artigo descreve SMILE, uma ferramenta para geração automática, edição e simulação de protótipos de média-fidelidade representados na forma de esboços de interface.
This work presents iTAOS, a graphical computational tool to support user's task description in UI... more This work presents iTAOS, a graphical computational tool to support user's task description in UI (User Interface) design context. iTAOS is destined to help UI designers (iTAOS users) to describe user's task using TAOS (Task and Action Oriented System), granting the coherence and completeness of that description.
É com muita satisfação que apresentamos o 17º Congresso de Iniciação Científica em Ciências Agrár... more É com muita satisfação que apresentamos o 17º Congresso de Iniciação Científica em Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Ambientais-17º CICAM. Com uma programação voltada a Inovação, procuramos selecionar temas que estimulassem o interesse dos jovens estudantes de iniciação científica e de pós-graduação por pesquisas nas áreas relacionadas a sanidades animal e vegetal, bem como em proteção ambiental. Além da importância desse conhecimento, nada melhor do que o tema "Nanotecnologia na agricultura/ambiente", para despertar o interesse dos participantes, dando início aos trabalhos do 17º CICAM. Contamos, ainda, com palestras ministradas por pesquisadores provenientes de renomadas Instituições de Pesquisa como, EMBRAPA, Institutos Biológico e Butantã, UFSCar, UNESP e USP e da empresa Sakata, que irão engrandecer o nosso evento com temas voltados para melhoramento genético convencional e por transgenia, vegetal e animal, visando ao controle de pragas e doenças; Produção de vacinas através do uso de vetores virais; Sequenciamento de terceira geração; Tratamento microbiológicos e oxidativos de resíduos industriais: Perspectivas e aplicações; Aplicação de ensaios com cultura de células em ambientes biorremediados; Internet of Things e a agricultura e, para fechar com chave de ouro, a palestra "Vida de cientista: os desafios de uma paixão pela natureza". No 17º CICAM, assim como em todas as outras edições, além dos 48 resumos aprovados pela Comissão Científica da revista O Biológico, teremos o prazer de receber alunos e pesquisadores de diversas instituições de ensino e pesquisa que, com certeza, contribuirão, não só com a divulgação de seus trabalhos, mas também com suas experiências. Contamos, portanto, com a valiosa participação de representantes do Centro
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 14, 2015
The synergistic activity between plants and microorganisms may contribute to the implementation o... more The synergistic activity between plants and microorganisms may contribute to the implementation of proactive management strategies in the stabilization of contaminated sites, although heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), are potentially toxic to them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of tolerance to Cd contamination (supplying twice 40 mg kg(-1) of Cd) in poplar cuttings [clone I-214, P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier] inoculated or not with two concentrations of Serratia marcescens strain (1 × 10(7) CFU/g and 2 × 10(7) CFU/g of potting mix). The response of the plant-bacteria system to excess Cd was investigated with special reference to the structural traits of plants and the functional efficiency of bacteria. Bacterial colonization and substrate components were previously assessed in order to define the best solution for formulating the experimental plant growth media. The tested plant-bacteria association, especially when bacteria were provided in double concentrat...
Proceedings of the 6th Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems - EATIS '12, 2012
This paper presents the development of an application dedicated to the translation of gestures of... more This paper presents the development of an application dedicated to the translation of gestures of LIBRAS (Brazilian language of signs) via Web for Mobile Devices. Such application was directed for support to mobile devices, such as, Tablets, cellphones and Palms, and its use was applied in a Linux platform. Its operation consists in the capture, analysis and identification of the signs of alphabet of the LIBRAS, realized by users. PDI (Digital Image Processing), Web Service and Computational Intelligence were employed in the development of the project. The process starts from the identification of the captured images, where occurs the background subtraction, which is implemented to split the acquired images in two subsets: the background and interest objects (foreground). After this division, the representation of the interest objects is realized using an image description technique, known as Calculation of Moments Invariants. Then these objects are sent to the web server, analyzed and classified, through Computational Intelligence. At the end of process, the letter corresponding from the alphabet is obtained in the mobile device. For development and tests, the mobile device Nokia Internet Tablet N810 and the language Python are utilized. Part of the solution executes in one server and was developed using the language Java with XML/RPC (Remote Procedure Call) as alternative in relation to the limitation of the processing in the mobile device.
Although most patients having sustained a stroke or hip fracture (PSHF) attend a period of therap... more Although most patients having sustained a stroke or hip fracture (PSHF) attend a period of therapy and rehabilitation program, it usually only last a few months and they may not continue an exercise program when the rehabilitation treatment has ended. Many Authors suggests that PSHF can improve or maintain the rehabilitation outcomes through an exercise program. At the geriatric assessment and integrated home-care Unit, Health-District 10, ASP6-Palermo, we enrolled 51 PSHF who were able to collaborate and follow the home exercise program and compared them with 50 PSHF who had been discharged from the same Unit in the period preceding the beginning of the study. The home exercise program was prescribed to the \u201cexercise group\u201d during the last week of the rehabilitation treatment. After a brief training, PSHF carried out their exercise program at home for 3 months without a regular supervision. At the beginning (T1) and the discharge (T2) of the rehabilitative treatment and at the end of the experimentation or after three months (T3), Barthel-Activities-Daily-Living (ADLs) and Barthel-Mobility-Indices were assessed and compared. The outcome was defined as the percent difference between Barthel ADLs and mobility scores at T1 vs. T2, T2 vs. T3 and T1 vs. T3. The differences were assessed by one-way ANOVA. Results showed statistically significant differences between T1 and T2 in the two patient\u2019s groups, but no significant differences between T2 and T3 regardless of the allocation of the patients in the exercise group or not. The home exercise program apparently failed to improve or maintain rehabilitative treatment outcomes. Inconsistencies, poor adherence to the program and poor compliance were among the most likely causative factors. In this field there is much room for a more successful management of the post-rehabilitative period by entrusting planning, customizing and supervising home exercises to sport sciences specialists
Proceedings of the 19th Brazilian symposium on Multimedia and the web, 2013
It is recommendable that Interactive Digital TV application development should be oriented by use... more It is recommendable that Interactive Digital TV application development should be oriented by user interface structure and interaction design. Better interactivity experiences can be obtained with the return channel usage, contributing to the offering of more convergent applications and addressing their integration to remote businesses logics and services. Many solutions enable construction of interactive applications with textual/visual programming support, but a few of them considers the disposal between the services operated over a return channel, the underlying data and the application widgets. Usually, these solutions require the direct manipulation of intermediary models whose their structures and notations demand an additional learning effort and, in some cases, they only focus on the achievement of a specific domain application template, instead of the final application instance itself. An alternative for application authoring will be presented aiming to abstract both the visual programming interface structure domain and its behavior/responsiveness when it requires the usage of the return channel based on services over IP and meeting the expectances for agility and quality in digital interactive television conception.
The ␣-glucuronidase gene (aguA) of Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL Y-2311-1 was amplified by PCR and... more The ␣-glucuronidase gene (aguA) of Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL Y-2311-1 was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Based on its deduced amino acid sequence, AguA was found to be a member of family 67 of the glycoside hydrolases. It shares greater than 60% identity and between 34% and 42% identity with fungal and with bacterial ␣-glucuronidases, respectively. The open reading frame lacks introns and encodes a polypeptide of 836 amino acids that contains a putative signal peptide of 15 amino acids resulting in a mature protein with a calculated molecular mass of 91.0 kDa. A construct of the aguA gene encoding an additional C-terminal hexahistidine tag was cloned on an episomal plasmid under control of the ADH2 promoter and terminator and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y294. The heterologous ␣-glucuronidase was purified to homogeneity by Ni-chelation affinity chromatography, and displayed an electrophoretic mobility of 157 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Maximal activity was measured at 65 • C and at pH 5 and pH 6. The enzyme had K m values in the millimolar range for the series of substrates from aldobiouronic acid to aldopentaouronic acid, but was unable to hydrolyze an internally substituted aldopentaouronic acid.
Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of variety o... more Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of variety of acid peptic conditions including stress ulcers. There has been a persistent practice of their inappropriate use for stress ulcer prophylaxis. Purpose of our study was to measure the inappropriate use of Intravenous Proton Pump Inhibitors for stress ulcer prophylaxis and to estimate the financial burden. Methods: We carried out a retrospective, analytic study from July 2008 to June 2009 in internal medicine department. Hospital pharmacy records were used to identify all patients who received IV PPI during hospital stay. Seventy-five percent of records were randomly chosen (n = 1104). PPI application was defined as indicated according to AGA guidelines Results: Intravenous proton pump inhibitor (IV PPI) was prescribed for 68.5% of patients without any proper indication. The estimated cost of medication for inappropriate IV PPIS use during the study year was 18337 USD. Conclusions: A more rational use of PPI will have better impact on health care cost and is likely to add to patient safety.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the first secondary metabolites isolated from phytopathogenic fungi b... more Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the first secondary metabolites isolated from phytopathogenic fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium. This molecule exerts a toxic effect on plants, rhizobacteria, fungi and animals, and it plays a crucial role in both plant and animal pathogenesis. In plants, metal chelation by FA is considered one of the possible mechanisms of action. Here, we evaluated the effect of different nitrogen sources, iron content, extracellular pH and cellular signalling pathways on the production of FA siderophores by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum (Fol). Our results show that the nitrogen source affects iron chelating activity and FA production. Moreover, alkaline pH and iron limitation boost FA production, while acidic pH and iron sufficiency repress it independent of the nitrogen source. FA production is also positively regulated by the cell wall integrity (CWI) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and inhibited by the iron homeostasis transcriptional regulator...
The active regulation of extracellular pH is critical for the virulence of fungal pathogens. Peni... more The active regulation of extracellular pH is critical for the virulence of fungal pathogens. Penicillium expansum is the causal agent of green-blue mold on stored pome fruits and during its infection process acidifies the host tissues by secreting organic acids. P. expansum is also the main producer of patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin found in pome fruit-based products and that represents a serious health hazard for its potential carcinogenicity. While it is known that PAT biosynthesis in P. expansum is regulated by nutritional factors such as carbon and nitrogen and by the pH, the mechanistic effects of biocontrol on PAT production by P. expansum are not known. In this work, we assessed how optimal and suboptimal concentrations of the biocontrol agent (BCA) Papiliotrema terrestris LS28 affect both extracellular pH and PAT biosynthesis in P. expansum. In wounded apples, the optimal and suboptimal concentrations of the BCA provided almost complete and partial protection from P. expansum in...
This study is part of a comprehensive investigation that was performed in regard to a case of alt... more This study is part of a comprehensive investigation that was performed in regard to a case of alterations on a carbographic ribbon used in a typewriter that was found and seized by inner security operations of the Arma dei Carabinieri, Italy. Thirty-six coded scripts possessing potentially and criminally liable content were present on the tape; however, only the 6th and 7th scripts exhibited alterations of an uncertain nature. The study included sampling that was performed under sterile conditions of a large surface area of carbographic ribbons. A protocol based on physico-chemical, microbiological, and biomolecular tools was established. Preliminary results revealed the presence of fungal contamination that was primarily located on the inner surface of the 6th and 7th scripts on the black carbographic ribbon. One fungal strain was isolated and identified by universal ITS-PCR primer and rDNA sequencing as Alternaria infectoria strain NIS4. Fungal growth was monitored for 3 weeks in ...
The use of synthetic fungicides to control fungal diseases has growing limitations due to eco-tox... more The use of synthetic fungicides to control fungal diseases has growing limitations due to eco-toxicological risks. Therefore, it is necessary to replace or integrate high risk chemicals with safer tools for human health and environment. Consequently, research on the selection, evaluation, characterization, and use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) has consistently increased in the last decades. BCA formulates, particularly in some countries, are still scarce in coping with the growing demand for their use in sustainable agricultural management. To foster development and utilization of new effective bioformulates, there is a need to optimize BCA activity, to share knowledge on their formulation processes and to simplify the registration procedures. Studies based on new molecular tools can significantly contribute to achieve such objectives. The present review provides the state of the art on biocontrol of fungal plant diseases with special emphasis on (i) features of the most studied BCAs;...
Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB
Metodologias de concepção de interface do usuário apresentam em seu fluxo atividades associadas a... more Metodologias de concepção de interface do usuário apresentam em seu fluxo atividades associadas ao uso de protótipos de interface. O uso de técnicas de prototipagem traz vantagens tanto para o processo quanto para o produto final obtido. Os protótipos de interface podem ser classificados em níveis de fidelidade ao produto final: baixa, média e alta fidelidade. Este artigo descreve SMILE, uma ferramenta para geração automática, edição e simulação de protótipos de média-fidelidade representados na forma de esboços de interface.
This work presents iTAOS, a graphical computational tool to support user's task description in UI... more This work presents iTAOS, a graphical computational tool to support user's task description in UI (User Interface) design context. iTAOS is destined to help UI designers (iTAOS users) to describe user's task using TAOS (Task and Action Oriented System), granting the coherence and completeness of that description.
É com muita satisfação que apresentamos o 17º Congresso de Iniciação Científica em Ciências Agrár... more É com muita satisfação que apresentamos o 17º Congresso de Iniciação Científica em Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Ambientais-17º CICAM. Com uma programação voltada a Inovação, procuramos selecionar temas que estimulassem o interesse dos jovens estudantes de iniciação científica e de pós-graduação por pesquisas nas áreas relacionadas a sanidades animal e vegetal, bem como em proteção ambiental. Além da importância desse conhecimento, nada melhor do que o tema "Nanotecnologia na agricultura/ambiente", para despertar o interesse dos participantes, dando início aos trabalhos do 17º CICAM. Contamos, ainda, com palestras ministradas por pesquisadores provenientes de renomadas Instituições de Pesquisa como, EMBRAPA, Institutos Biológico e Butantã, UFSCar, UNESP e USP e da empresa Sakata, que irão engrandecer o nosso evento com temas voltados para melhoramento genético convencional e por transgenia, vegetal e animal, visando ao controle de pragas e doenças; Produção de vacinas através do uso de vetores virais; Sequenciamento de terceira geração; Tratamento microbiológicos e oxidativos de resíduos industriais: Perspectivas e aplicações; Aplicação de ensaios com cultura de células em ambientes biorremediados; Internet of Things e a agricultura e, para fechar com chave de ouro, a palestra "Vida de cientista: os desafios de uma paixão pela natureza". No 17º CICAM, assim como em todas as outras edições, além dos 48 resumos aprovados pela Comissão Científica da revista O Biológico, teremos o prazer de receber alunos e pesquisadores de diversas instituições de ensino e pesquisa que, com certeza, contribuirão, não só com a divulgação de seus trabalhos, mas também com suas experiências. Contamos, portanto, com a valiosa participação de representantes do Centro
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 14, 2015
The synergistic activity between plants and microorganisms may contribute to the implementation o... more The synergistic activity between plants and microorganisms may contribute to the implementation of proactive management strategies in the stabilization of contaminated sites, although heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), are potentially toxic to them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of tolerance to Cd contamination (supplying twice 40 mg kg(-1) of Cd) in poplar cuttings [clone I-214, P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier] inoculated or not with two concentrations of Serratia marcescens strain (1 × 10(7) CFU/g and 2 × 10(7) CFU/g of potting mix). The response of the plant-bacteria system to excess Cd was investigated with special reference to the structural traits of plants and the functional efficiency of bacteria. Bacterial colonization and substrate components were previously assessed in order to define the best solution for formulating the experimental plant growth media. The tested plant-bacteria association, especially when bacteria were provided in double concentrat...
Proceedings of the 6th Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems - EATIS '12, 2012
This paper presents the development of an application dedicated to the translation of gestures of... more This paper presents the development of an application dedicated to the translation of gestures of LIBRAS (Brazilian language of signs) via Web for Mobile Devices. Such application was directed for support to mobile devices, such as, Tablets, cellphones and Palms, and its use was applied in a Linux platform. Its operation consists in the capture, analysis and identification of the signs of alphabet of the LIBRAS, realized by users. PDI (Digital Image Processing), Web Service and Computational Intelligence were employed in the development of the project. The process starts from the identification of the captured images, where occurs the background subtraction, which is implemented to split the acquired images in two subsets: the background and interest objects (foreground). After this division, the representation of the interest objects is realized using an image description technique, known as Calculation of Moments Invariants. Then these objects are sent to the web server, analyzed and classified, through Computational Intelligence. At the end of process, the letter corresponding from the alphabet is obtained in the mobile device. For development and tests, the mobile device Nokia Internet Tablet N810 and the language Python are utilized. Part of the solution executes in one server and was developed using the language Java with XML/RPC (Remote Procedure Call) as alternative in relation to the limitation of the processing in the mobile device.
Although most patients having sustained a stroke or hip fracture (PSHF) attend a period of therap... more Although most patients having sustained a stroke or hip fracture (PSHF) attend a period of therapy and rehabilitation program, it usually only last a few months and they may not continue an exercise program when the rehabilitation treatment has ended. Many Authors suggests that PSHF can improve or maintain the rehabilitation outcomes through an exercise program. At the geriatric assessment and integrated home-care Unit, Health-District 10, ASP6-Palermo, we enrolled 51 PSHF who were able to collaborate and follow the home exercise program and compared them with 50 PSHF who had been discharged from the same Unit in the period preceding the beginning of the study. The home exercise program was prescribed to the \u201cexercise group\u201d during the last week of the rehabilitation treatment. After a brief training, PSHF carried out their exercise program at home for 3 months without a regular supervision. At the beginning (T1) and the discharge (T2) of the rehabilitative treatment and at the end of the experimentation or after three months (T3), Barthel-Activities-Daily-Living (ADLs) and Barthel-Mobility-Indices were assessed and compared. The outcome was defined as the percent difference between Barthel ADLs and mobility scores at T1 vs. T2, T2 vs. T3 and T1 vs. T3. The differences were assessed by one-way ANOVA. Results showed statistically significant differences between T1 and T2 in the two patient\u2019s groups, but no significant differences between T2 and T3 regardless of the allocation of the patients in the exercise group or not. The home exercise program apparently failed to improve or maintain rehabilitative treatment outcomes. Inconsistencies, poor adherence to the program and poor compliance were among the most likely causative factors. In this field there is much room for a more successful management of the post-rehabilitative period by entrusting planning, customizing and supervising home exercises to sport sciences specialists
Proceedings of the 19th Brazilian symposium on Multimedia and the web, 2013
It is recommendable that Interactive Digital TV application development should be oriented by use... more It is recommendable that Interactive Digital TV application development should be oriented by user interface structure and interaction design. Better interactivity experiences can be obtained with the return channel usage, contributing to the offering of more convergent applications and addressing their integration to remote businesses logics and services. Many solutions enable construction of interactive applications with textual/visual programming support, but a few of them considers the disposal between the services operated over a return channel, the underlying data and the application widgets. Usually, these solutions require the direct manipulation of intermediary models whose their structures and notations demand an additional learning effort and, in some cases, they only focus on the achievement of a specific domain application template, instead of the final application instance itself. An alternative for application authoring will be presented aiming to abstract both the visual programming interface structure domain and its behavior/responsiveness when it requires the usage of the return channel based on services over IP and meeting the expectances for agility and quality in digital interactive television conception.
The ␣-glucuronidase gene (aguA) of Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL Y-2311-1 was amplified by PCR and... more The ␣-glucuronidase gene (aguA) of Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL Y-2311-1 was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Based on its deduced amino acid sequence, AguA was found to be a member of family 67 of the glycoside hydrolases. It shares greater than 60% identity and between 34% and 42% identity with fungal and with bacterial ␣-glucuronidases, respectively. The open reading frame lacks introns and encodes a polypeptide of 836 amino acids that contains a putative signal peptide of 15 amino acids resulting in a mature protein with a calculated molecular mass of 91.0 kDa. A construct of the aguA gene encoding an additional C-terminal hexahistidine tag was cloned on an episomal plasmid under control of the ADH2 promoter and terminator and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y294. The heterologous ␣-glucuronidase was purified to homogeneity by Ni-chelation affinity chromatography, and displayed an electrophoretic mobility of 157 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Maximal activity was measured at 65 • C and at pH 5 and pH 6. The enzyme had K m values in the millimolar range for the series of substrates from aldobiouronic acid to aldopentaouronic acid, but was unable to hydrolyze an internally substituted aldopentaouronic acid.
Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of variety o... more Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of variety of acid peptic conditions including stress ulcers. There has been a persistent practice of their inappropriate use for stress ulcer prophylaxis. Purpose of our study was to measure the inappropriate use of Intravenous Proton Pump Inhibitors for stress ulcer prophylaxis and to estimate the financial burden. Methods: We carried out a retrospective, analytic study from July 2008 to June 2009 in internal medicine department. Hospital pharmacy records were used to identify all patients who received IV PPI during hospital stay. Seventy-five percent of records were randomly chosen (n = 1104). PPI application was defined as indicated according to AGA guidelines Results: Intravenous proton pump inhibitor (IV PPI) was prescribed for 68.5% of patients without any proper indication. The estimated cost of medication for inappropriate IV PPIS use during the study year was 18337 USD. Conclusions: A more rational use of PPI will have better impact on health care cost and is likely to add to patient safety.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the first secondary metabolites isolated from phytopathogenic fungi b... more Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the first secondary metabolites isolated from phytopathogenic fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium. This molecule exerts a toxic effect on plants, rhizobacteria, fungi and animals, and it plays a crucial role in both plant and animal pathogenesis. In plants, metal chelation by FA is considered one of the possible mechanisms of action. Here, we evaluated the effect of different nitrogen sources, iron content, extracellular pH and cellular signalling pathways on the production of FA siderophores by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum (Fol). Our results show that the nitrogen source affects iron chelating activity and FA production. Moreover, alkaline pH and iron limitation boost FA production, while acidic pH and iron sufficiency repress it independent of the nitrogen source. FA production is also positively regulated by the cell wall integrity (CWI) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and inhibited by the iron homeostasis transcriptional regulator...
The active regulation of extracellular pH is critical for the virulence of fungal pathogens. Peni... more The active regulation of extracellular pH is critical for the virulence of fungal pathogens. Penicillium expansum is the causal agent of green-blue mold on stored pome fruits and during its infection process acidifies the host tissues by secreting organic acids. P. expansum is also the main producer of patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin found in pome fruit-based products and that represents a serious health hazard for its potential carcinogenicity. While it is known that PAT biosynthesis in P. expansum is regulated by nutritional factors such as carbon and nitrogen and by the pH, the mechanistic effects of biocontrol on PAT production by P. expansum are not known. In this work, we assessed how optimal and suboptimal concentrations of the biocontrol agent (BCA) Papiliotrema terrestris LS28 affect both extracellular pH and PAT biosynthesis in P. expansum. In wounded apples, the optimal and suboptimal concentrations of the BCA provided almost complete and partial protection from P. expansum in...
This study is part of a comprehensive investigation that was performed in regard to a case of alt... more This study is part of a comprehensive investigation that was performed in regard to a case of alterations on a carbographic ribbon used in a typewriter that was found and seized by inner security operations of the Arma dei Carabinieri, Italy. Thirty-six coded scripts possessing potentially and criminally liable content were present on the tape; however, only the 6th and 7th scripts exhibited alterations of an uncertain nature. The study included sampling that was performed under sterile conditions of a large surface area of carbographic ribbons. A protocol based on physico-chemical, microbiological, and biomolecular tools was established. Preliminary results revealed the presence of fungal contamination that was primarily located on the inner surface of the 6th and 7th scripts on the black carbographic ribbon. One fungal strain was isolated and identified by universal ITS-PCR primer and rDNA sequencing as Alternaria infectoria strain NIS4. Fungal growth was monitored for 3 weeks in ...
The use of synthetic fungicides to control fungal diseases has growing limitations due to eco-tox... more The use of synthetic fungicides to control fungal diseases has growing limitations due to eco-toxicological risks. Therefore, it is necessary to replace or integrate high risk chemicals with safer tools for human health and environment. Consequently, research on the selection, evaluation, characterization, and use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) has consistently increased in the last decades. BCA formulates, particularly in some countries, are still scarce in coping with the growing demand for their use in sustainable agricultural management. To foster development and utilization of new effective bioformulates, there is a need to optimize BCA activity, to share knowledge on their formulation processes and to simplify the registration procedures. Studies based on new molecular tools can significantly contribute to achieve such objectives. The present review provides the state of the art on biocontrol of fungal plant diseases with special emphasis on (i) features of the most studied BCAs;...
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