Papers by F. Tagliapietra
Journal of Dairy Science, 2016
The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of reducing the dietary crude protein c... more The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of reducing the dietary crude protein content, with or without a supply of protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), on the milk fatty acid (FA) yield and recovery in 90 d ripened cheese. Twenty mid-lactation Friesian dairy cows were reared for 4 periods of 3 wk each in groups of 5, following a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Cows were fed 4 different rations, consisting of a combination of the 2 dietary crude protein levels [150 (CP15) or 123 (CP12) g of crude protein/kg of dry matter], with or without a conjugated linoleic acid supply (80 g/d, providing 5.57 and 5.40 g/d of C18:2 cis-9,trans-11 and C18:2 trans-10,cis-12, respectively). Milk yield was recorded. Twice in each period, milk samples were analyzed for protein, fat, and lactose content, and 10 L milk samples (pooled by group) were processed to produce 96 cheeses, which were ripened for 90 d. Milk and cheese fat were analyzed for their FA profiles. Milk and cheese FA were expressed as daily yields and relative proportions, and nutrient recoveries were computed. Dietary crude protein reduction had small or no effects on the yield and relative presence of FA in milk and cheese, except for a small increase in mid-chain branched saturated fatty acids. The CLA supply strongly reduced the yield of various categories of FA, and had major effects on short-chain FA of de novo synthesis, leading to changes in the relative proportions of the various FA in milk and cheese. The addition of CLA tended to reduce uniformly the recovery of all milk constituents and of short-, medium-, and long-chain FA groups, but we observed large differences among individual FA with apparent recoveries ranging between 640 and 1,710 g/kg. The highest recoveries were found for polyunsaturated long-chain FA, the lowest for saturated or monounsaturated short-or medium-chain FA. A notable rearrangement of these FA components, particularly the minor ones, took place during ripening.
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effects of different sources of soybean on the infra-vi... more The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effects of different sources of soybean on the infra-vitam performance of fattening beef cattle. The animals (56 Limousine) were divided, according to BW (287±17 kg), in 4 experimental groups: LAFS (raw full-fat soybean low in antinutritional factors); SBM (soybean meal); TS (toasted full-fat soybean); NTS (non toasted full-fat soybean). The animals were fed a basal diet (TMR) (DM:59.5%; CP:9.3%DM; NDF:33.9%DM; starch:34.9%DM) supplemented as top dressing with different sources of soybeans in order to reach the same amount of additional CP (473 g/d). To obtain isoenergetic diets, calcium soap of palm fat (234 g/d) was also added to SBM group. Animals were weighed monthly, DM intake was calculated daily and two blood samplings were collected. No metabolic disorders or pathological events were observed during the experiment. The daily gains of the first 6 months were not significantly different among the 4 experimental groups (on the average 1.35 ± 0.25 kg/d). DM intake values in the same period were similar (8.57 ± 0.78 kg/d of DM). The soybean supplementation did not affect the metabolic parameters (calculated as differences between the sampling times) except for the γ γ γ γ-glutamyl-transferase (P<0.01), the total plasma protein and globulin (P<0.05). The preliminary results of this experiment can indicate no significant effects of soybean antinutritional factors on the infra-vitam performances of beef cattle during the first fattening period.
Animal Production Science, 2014
This experiment aimed to investigate the associative effects among two low-quality forages (crown... more This experiment aimed to investigate the associative effects among two low-quality forages (crown daisy, milk thistle) and three agro-industrial byproducts (apple pomace, citrus pulp, tomato peel), by means of an automated gas production (GP) system. All feeds were incubated alone or as 50 : 50 mixtures of each forage with each byproduct. Samples (0.500 ± 0.0010 g) of single feeds or mixtures were incubated for 96 h, in three replicates in individual bottles (310 mL), with 75 mL of buffered rumen fluid. Bottles were vented by an open-close valve when the internal pressure reached 3.4 kPa. The metabolisable energy content of single feeds and mixtures was computed from GP at 24 h and feed chemical composition. Feed substrates were ranked for GP in the following way: byproducts, mixtures, and forages. The two forages did not differ for GP and metabolisable energy content, although differences were observed among byproducts and among mixtures. Both forages interacted positively with app...
Poljoprivreda, 2007
Forty eight pigs were reared in outdoor pens (1.2 ha of land surface) from 80 to 180 kg of live w... more Forty eight pigs were reared in outdoor pens (1.2 ha of land surface) from 80 to 180 kg of live weight. Two isoenergetic (ME = 14.6 MJ/kg DM) and isonitrogenous (CP=17.0% DM) feeds were compared; the first feed contained 10% of toasted full-fat soybean of conventional cultivars (TS), in the second one the toasted soybean was replaced by raw full-fat soybean low in antinutritional factors (RS). The pigs were blocked in 4 groups of 12 animals each and fed ad libitum. At 0, 43, 106 days on trial pigs were weighted, back-fat thickness was measured and blood samples were collected. At slaughter, samples of ham cover fat were collected to evaluate their acidic profile. The effects of feeds on growth performance, slaughter parameters, metabolic profile and nitrogen excretion (Nex) were studied. Nex was computed as difference between consumption and retention. No significant effects were observed on growth performance, carcass quality and metabolic profile, but with RS plasma urea concentration significantly decreased with respect to TS (5.33 vs. 6.67 mmol/l; P<0.01), reflecting a lower N digestibility of RS. Results indicated that 10% of low antinutritional factors raw soybean can be used on heavy pigs without relevant effects on performance and carcass quality. N in manure averaged 22.8 kg/pig place/year (assuming 3 cycles/year). Caution should be taken in outdoor pig systems since the land is uncropped and the risks of pollution are high.
Animals, 2019
Summer transhumance to alpine pastures (ALP) is widespread in dairy systems of alpine regions. Th... more Summer transhumance to alpine pastures (ALP) is widespread in dairy systems of alpine regions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of transhumance of Brown Swiss cows to ALP on the yield, composition, and coagulation properties of milk (MCP), and on cheese yield (CY). The study involved 12 multiparous cows kept at a mountain lowland permanent farm (PF), which were divided into two equal groups: One remained at the PF, the other was moved to the ALP (1860 m above sea level) from July to September. Every month (June to October), daily milk yield (MY) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded, and individual milk samples (n = 60, 2000 mL each) were collected to assess milk composition, MCP, and CY. Compared with PF, ALP cows had a reduced MY and BCS, which was maintained on return to the PF, greater fat and lower protein contents of milk. Neither MCP nor CY were affected by summer transhumance. In conclusion, summer transhumance did not affect the cheese making efficiency of...
Journal of Dairy Science, 2014
This study compared measured gas production (GP) and computed CH 4 production values provided by ... more This study compared measured gas production (GP) and computed CH 4 production values provided by closed or vented bottles connected to gas collection bags. Two forages and 3 concentrates were incubated. Two incubations were conducted, where the 5 feeds were tested in 3 replicates in closed or vented bottles, plus 4 blanks, for a total of 64 bottles. Half of the bottles were not vented, and the others were vented at a fixed pressure (6.8 kPa) and gas was collected into one gas collection bag connected to each bottle. Each bottle (317 mL) was filled with 0.4000 ± 0.0010 g of feed sample and 60 mL of buffered rumen fluid (headspace volume = 257 mL) and incubated at 39.0°C for 24 h. At 24 h, gas samples were collected from the headspace of closed bottles or from headspace and bags of vented bottles and analyzed for CH 4 concentration. Volumes of GP at 24 h were corrected for the gas dissolved in the fermentation fluid, according to Henry's law of gas solubility. Methane concentration (mL/100 mL of GP) was measured and CH 4 production (mL/g of incubated DM) was computed using corrected or uncorrected GP values. Data were analyzed for the effect of venting technique (T), feed (F), interaction between venting technique and feed (T × F), and incubation run as a random factor. Closed bottles provided lower uncorrected GP (−18%) compared with vented bottles, especially for concentrates. Correction for dissolved gas reduced but did not remove differences between techniques, and closed bottles (+25 mL of gas/g of incubated DM) had a greater magnitude of variation than did vented bottles (+1 mL of gas/g of incubated DM). Feeds differed in uncorrected and corrected GP, but the ranking was the same for the 2 techniques. The T × F interaction influenced uncorrected GP values, but this effect disappeared after correction. Closed bottles provided uncorrected CH 4 concentrations 23% greater than that of vented bottles. Correction reduced but did not remove this difference. Methane concentration was influenced by feed but not by the T × F interaction. Corrected CH 4 production was influenced by feed, but not by venting technique or the T × F interaction. Closed bottles provide good measurements of CH 4 production but not of GP. Venting of bottles at low pressure permits a reliable evaluation of total GP and CH 4 production.
Livestock Science, 2013
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of underfeeding dietary crude protein (CP) durin... more ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of underfeeding dietary crude protein (CP) during the whole or part of the fattening period on growth performance, dry matter intake (DMI), carcass and meat quality traits of crossbred bulls and heifer calves obtained from double-muscled (DBM) Belgian Blue (BB) sires and dairy or dual purpose cows. Twenty-four crossbred BB sired young bulls and 30 BB sired heifer calves (236 +/- 27.0 kg BW) were housed in 12 pens with males separated from heifers. They received a control diet (CP14) with 140 g CP/kg DM for the whole experiment (CPHH) or a low-protein diet (CP10) with 102 g/kg CP/kg DM for the whole experiments (CPLL) or CP14 for the first 90 days and CP10 for the remaining days (94 days on average) of finishing period till slaughtering (CPHL), which occurred when heifers and bulls reached 485 and 535 kg BW, respectively. Compared to CPHH and CPLL. calves, CPHL animals evidenced faster ADG (P &lt; 0.05), albeit the magnitude of this effect was limited (on average+6.3%). During the whole trial no differences among groups were observed for DM intake (8.9 kg/d), gain:feed ratio (0.144), carcass weight (301 kg), carcass yield (589 g/kg BW), SEUROP carcass muscularity (U+) and for most of the meat quality traits. Only meat shear force was increased (P=0.04) by CPLL treatment compared to CPHH and CPHL (+17%). Bulls and heifers differed for growth performance and for many carcass and meat traits, but gender did not interact with dietary treatment for any trait. It was concluded that little benefits would be achieved using CP14 for the entire or part of the fattening period on these crossbreds. Beside, this paper covers a lack of information about quality traits of crossbred heifers and young bulls obtained from DBM BB sires and dairy and dual purpose dams showing that carcass and meat quality traits of these subjects are comparable or better than those achievable from non-DBM beef breeds cattle.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
Effects of Butyl-Hydroxyl-Toluene (BHT) and of Red Chicory Extract (RCE) on kinetics of gas produ... more Effects of Butyl-Hydroxyl-Toluene (BHT) and of Red Chicory Extract (RCE) on kinetics of gas production (�P) and rumen degradability values (OMd, NDFd and in vitro true OM degradability -IV-TOMD) of two feeds (meadow hay and corn meal) were evaluated using an in vitro automatic batch system. For each feed 2 increasing dosages (0.15 and 1.5 mg/g of feed) of BHT and RCE and a Control (C) were tested in 4 replications and 2 incubations. First incubation lasted 72h, the 2 nd one was stopped at the times on which half of �P was produced (t ½ ), which were 9 and 16 h for corn and hay, respectively. From the supernatants of the 2 nd incubation, VFA, NH 3 , N content of the residual NDF were analysed and the microbial N balance was computed. The 2 feeds significantly affected rumen fermentation parameters; BHT significantly increased asymptotic �P, t ½ and IVTOMD (P<0.01), decreased the proportion of butyrate (P<0.01) but did not affect microbial N balance; RCE did not influence any of the parameters measured with respect to C, except for a significant increase of the estimated N available for microbes at the higher dosage.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
The effects on growth performance and on some health parameters due to the inclusion of sugar bee... more The effects on growth performance and on some health parameters due to the inclusion of sugar beet pulp in antibioticfree diets for weaned piglets were evaluated on a commercial farm. A conventional diet (C) and one containing 120 g/kg of sugar beet pulp (SBP) were fed to 668 weaned piglets from 21 to 64±3 days of age. Every two weeks, live weight and feed consumption (FC) of the two groups were recorded by pens. Fecal samples were collected from 8 pairs of piglets for each treatment to evaluate the evolution over the time of the apparent digestibility of the nutrients, as well as the volatile fatty acids content and the microbial count in the feces. The dietary treatment did not affect FC. In comparison to C, SBP slightly reduced average daily gain over 36 to 49 (528 vs. 498 g/d; P<0.05) and 50 to 64±3 (677 vs. 631 g/d, respectively; P<0.01) days of age. Digestibility of NDF of diet C increased with age from 441 to 526 g/kg whereas that of diet SBP increased from 465 to 638 g/kg. The differences between diets became significant after 36 days of age (P<0.01). From 29 to 35 days of age higher contents of water (793 vs. 713 g/kg; P<0.01), acetic (322 vs. 206 µmol/g dm; P<0.01) propionic (108 vs. 81 µmol/kg dm; P<0.01) acids and lower counts for fecal-coliforms (6.9 vs. 8.2 log 10 /g; P<0.01), clostridia (1.3 vs. 2.3 log 10 /g; P<0.01) and Staphylococcus spp. (6.7 vs. 8.1 log 10 /g; P<0.01) were found in the feces of the SBP piglets compared to those of C. These differences progressively disappeared with time. Some piglets showed clinical signs of purulent arthritis and meningitis, but no signs of diarrhea were observed. The SBP group showed, with respect to C, a significantly lower number of piglet deaths caused by meningitis (15 vs. 30 ‰, respectively; χ 2 , P<0.05), and a significantly lower number of piglets removed because lack of growth (33 vs. 76 ‰, respectively; χ 2 , P<0.01). No clear evidence to explain this result was found, however it was concluded that the inclusion of 12% of sugar beet pulp in antibiotic-free diets can improve the health status of piglets with little effect on growth performance.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
RIASSUNTO -Allevamento di scrofe nel Veneto. II. bilancio azotato di allevamenti di differente ti... more RIASSUNTO -Allevamento di scrofe nel Veneto. II. bilancio azotato di allevamenti di differente tipologia. In 17 allevamenti di scrofe (5 a ciclo chiuso, 9 a ciclo aperto convenzionali e 3 a ciclo aperto con vendita di suinetti immediatamente dopo lo svezzamento), per due anni consecutivi, si sono raccolti i dati necessari per effettuare il bilancio dell'azoto. I rilievi hanno riguardato i movimenti, numerici e ponderali di animali e di mangimi e i loro contenuti di azoto. Nelle prime due tipologie di allevamento l'escrezione di N è risultata mediamente pari a 36,0 kg/unità scrofa/anno, ma la variabilità fra allevamenti è stata notevole (C.V.=12%). Nella terza tipologia, in assenza dei suinetti in post svezzamento, l'escrezione di N è stata pari a 23 kg/unità scrofa/anno. La metodologia adottata e i risultati riportati possono essere utili per la definizione di valori di riferimento e per la valutazione di bilanci dell'azoto effettuati a livello aziendale.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
... Agripolis, Viale dell'Universitā 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy Tel. +39 049 8272645 - ... more ... Agripolis, Viale dell'Universitā 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy Tel. +39 049 8272645 - Fax: +39 049 8272633 - Email: [email protected] Paper received May 14, 2004; accepted October 21, 2004 Page 2. ... Technol. 23:15-25. LEE, S., PROSKY, L., DE VRIES, JW, 1992. ...
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
The aim of this study was to compare meat quality of organically and conventionally raised Simmen... more The aim of this study was to compare meat quality of organically and conventionally raised Simmental calves. Fifteen organic and fourteen conventional carcasses were considered, 8 th rib and M. Longissimus thoracis were sampled on each carcass. Different tissues percentage of 8 th rib were evaluated and meat colour, chemical and fatty acids composition of M. Longissimus thoracis were analysed. Fat percentage of 8 th rib of organic calves was lower (P<0.01) than conventional ones. Cooking weight losses were lower (P<0.001) in organic meat compared to the conventional ones and red index was higher in organic calves due to the high content of heminic iron (P<0.001). Ether extract (P<0.001) and cholesterol content (P<0.05) was lower in organic meat with respect to conventional one. Positive value, from a nutritional point of view, were found in organic veal about n-3 fatty acids, n-6/n-3 ratio and CLA content.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
In vitro degradability with Daisy II (D) equipment is commonly performed with 0.5g of feed sample... more In vitro degradability with Daisy II (D) equipment is commonly performed with 0.5g of feed sample into each filter bag. Literature reported that a reduction of the ratio of sample size to bag surface could facilitate the release of soluble or fine particulate. A reduction of sample size to 0.25 g could improve the correlation between the measurements provided by D and the conventional batch culture (BC). This hypothesis was screened by analysing the results of 2 trials. In trial 1, 7 feeds were incubated for 48h with rumen fluid (3 runs x 4 replications) both with D (0.5g/bag) and BC; the regressions between the mean values provided for the various feeds in each run by the 2 methods either for NDF (NDFd) and in vitro true DM (IVTDMD) degradability, had R 2 of 0.75 and 0.92 and RSD of 10.9 and 4.8%, respectively. In trial 2, 4 feeds were incubated (2 runs x 8 replications) with D (0.25 g/bag) and BC; the corresponding regressions for NDFd and IVTDMD showed R 2 of 0.94 and 0.98 and RSD of 3.0 and 1.3%, respectively. A sample size of 0.25 g improved the precision of the measurements obtained with D.
Animal Production Science, 2012
This trial compared the effects of two antioxidant phenols, butyl-hydroxyl-toluene (BHT) and a bl... more This trial compared the effects of two antioxidant phenols, butyl-hydroxyl-toluene (BHT) and a blend of polyphenols extracted from red chicory, on in vitro degradability, gas production (GP), volatile fatty acids, and microbial nitrogen production, using meadow hay and corn grain as fermentation substrates. A batch culture system with automated gas pressure detectors was used. Four replicates of each feed were incubated for 72 h without additive (Control, CTL) or with the addition of low (0.15 mg/g feed) or high (1.5 mg/g feed) dosages of BHT or red chicory. GP curves were fitted to estimate the time at which half of total GP (t1/2) was achieved. The t1/2 values for meadow hay and corn grain were ~16 and 9 h, respectively. A second incubation, conducted using the same experimental design, was stopped at t1/2. Compared with CTL, degradability and GP kinetics were not affected by the two dosages of BHT, except for GP, which increased after 48 h of incubation (P < 0.01). In the seco...
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2006
An experiment was conducted to examine differences in the in vitro fermentability of four carbohy... more An experiment was conducted to examine differences in the in vitro fermentability of four carbohydrate-rich feed ingredients and two weaning piglet diets with and without these ingredients, using both the ileal contents and the faeces of unweaned piglets as inocula. In the first part of the experiment, cumulative gas production was measured over time, using faecal inocula mixed from nine
ABSTRACT Pigs of four genetic lines (GL): Anas (A), DanBred (D), Goland (G) and Topigs received e... more ABSTRACT Pigs of four genetic lines (GL): Anas (A), DanBred (D), Goland (G) and Topigs received either a conventional (140 g CP/kg and 46 g lysine/kg CP; C-CP) or a low protein diet (106 g CP/kg and 46 g lysine/kg CP; L-CP). Body weight (BW) and backfat depth (P2) were individually measured at the start and the end of two growing periods and individual feed intake (FI) was recorded daily. Body protein and lipid mass at the start and at the end of each period were estimated from BW and P2, and hence protein (Pr) and lipid (Lr) retention were computed. Energy requirement for maintenance (MEm), and growth (MEg) were estimated according to National Research Council guidelines, while ME intake (MEI) was computed from measured FI and ME content of the diets. The MEI/(MEm + MEg) ratio was used as index of efficiency. Differences among GL (P&lt;0.001) were observed for Pr, which averaged 103, 113, 108 and 101 g/d for A, D, G and T, respectively, and Lr which averaged 204, 186, 194 and 172 g/d for A, D, G, and T, respectively. The L-CP diet reduced (P = 0.014) Pr by 8% compared to C-CP, but not Lr. The MEI/(MEm+MEg) index was influenced by GL (P&lt;0.001) being 0.99, 0.96, 0.99 and 1.03 for A, D, G and T, respectively. Measurements of BW and P2 permits to achieve acceptable quantification of Pr and Lr. In this range of BW (90 to 165kg), gain composition is influenced more by GL than by the substantial reduction of CP and essential amino acids dietary density used in this trial.
Journal of Dairy Science, 2014
This study compared measured gas production (GP) and computed CH 4 production values provided by ... more This study compared measured gas production (GP) and computed CH 4 production values provided by closed or vented bottles connected to gas collection bags. Two forages and 3 concentrates were incubated. Two incubations were conducted, where the 5 feeds were tested in 3 replicates in closed or vented bottles, plus 4 blanks, for a total of 64 bottles. Half of the bottles were not vented, and the others were vented at a fixed pressure (6.8 kPa) and gas was collected into one gas collection bag connected to each bottle. Each bottle (317 mL) was filled with 0.4000 ± 0.0010 g of feed sample and 60 mL of buffered rumen fluid (headspace volume = 257 mL) and incubated at 39.0°C for 24 h. At 24 h, gas samples were collected from the headspace of closed bottles or from headspace and bags of vented bottles and analyzed for CH 4 concentration. Volumes of GP at 24 h were corrected for the gas dissolved in the fermentation fluid, according to Henry's law of gas solubility. Methane concentration (mL/100 mL of GP) was measured and CH 4 production (mL/g of incubated DM) was computed using corrected or uncorrected GP values. Data were analyzed for the effect of venting technique (T), feed (F), interaction between venting technique and feed (T × F), and incubation run as a random factor. Closed bottles provided lower uncorrected GP (−18%) compared with vented bottles, especially for concentrates. Correction for dissolved gas reduced but did not remove differences between techniques, and closed bottles (+25 mL of gas/g of incubated DM) had a greater magnitude of variation than did vented bottles (+1 mL of gas/g of incubated DM). Feeds differed in uncorrected and corrected GP, but the ranking was the same for the 2 techniques. The T × F interaction influenced uncorrected GP values, but this effect disappeared after correction. Closed bottles provided uncorrected CH 4 concentrations 23% greater than that of vented bottles. Correction reduced but did not remove this difference. Methane concentration was influenced by feed but not by the T × F interaction. Corrected CH 4 production was influenced by feed, but not by venting technique or the T × F interaction. Closed bottles provide good measurements of CH 4 production but not of GP. Venting of bottles at low pressure permits a reliable evaluation of total GP and CH 4 production.
Journal of Animal Science, 2010
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Papers by F. Tagliapietra