Papers by Alam Zeb Khattak
PLoS ONE, 2021
In this technologically developed scenario, many organizations in developing countries including ... more In this technologically developed scenario, many organizations in developing countries including Pakistan have expanded the enthusiasm for understanding and creating an encouraging administrative and managerial environment. Numerous organizations are struggling for structural changes by deserting the old-fashioned organizational management style and implementing an empowering leadership where leaders give more authority to subordinates in decision making and responsibilities with the aim to increase organizational productivity. Therefore, the study examined the leadership empowering behaviour as a predictor of employees’ psychological well-being of the educational institutions at secondary level in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A total sample of 564 secondary school teachers (male n = 379; female n = 185) was carefully chosen through a stratified random sampling technique. In this study, a non-experimental predictive correlational design was adopted. In order to collect data from the pa...
Objectives. The current research aimed to examines the relationship of parenting styles withdecis... more Objectives. The current research aimed to examines the relationship of parenting styles withdecision-making and self-concept among adolescents (N=400).Method. The sample comprised of College students from Rawalpindi and Attock including bothgovernment and private colleges. There were 200 male and 200 female college studentsrecruited into present study. Data were collected through the Parental Authority Questionnaire(Buri, 1989), Self-Concept Questionnaire (Robson, 1989), and Melbourne Decision MakingQuestionnaire (Mann et al., 1997).Results. Self-concept has significant negative correlation with authoritarian father, authoritarianmother, permissive father, permissive mother, whereas significant positive correlation withauthoritative father and authoritative mother Decision making style is also significantly correlatedwith parenting styles. The findings revealed that gender moderates the relationship betweenauthoritarian parenting styles and hypervigilance as well as procrastination....
Applied Nursing Research, 2021
Background: In the initial stage of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 creates a prodigious unc... more Background: In the initial stage of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 creates a prodigious uncertainty not only in general population but also in health care professionals. This often leads to emotional distress in general public and particularly in health care professionals. Objectives: During COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, the health care professionals experienced unusual stressors. This study aimed to examine the coping responses, optimism, pessimism and psychiatric morbidity of health professionals serving the COVID-19 patients. Participants: Total 87, health care professionals take part in study, whom 36 were physicians and 51 nursing staff. Among these 44 were male, and 43 were female. Method: Researchers used cross sectional research design in this study. Physicians and nurses completed selfreported questionnaires. Participants provided demographics data and recorded their responses to selfadministered questionnaires. Researchers administered Brief coping orientation to problems experiences (COPE) for assessing the coping strategies, while they assessed psychiatric morbidity through general health questionnaires. Similarly, future expectancy of health care professional was assessed by using life orientation scale. Participants were recruited from quarantine words in two federal government hospitals providing health care services to COVID-19 patients in Pakistan. Result: The result showed a significant relationship in optimism and problem focus coping style and avoidance coping style. Moreover, male health professionals score high on optimism as compared to female health professionals. While, avoidance coping style were seen higher in female health professional as compare to male. The result revealed that optimism and psychiatric morbidity were significantly positive in health professionals having problem focus and avoidance coping style.
Vol. 36 No. 4 (2021), 2021
This study examined occupational stress, its related symptoms, associated factors, and coping str... more This study examined occupational stress, its related symptoms, associated factors, and coping strategies among heads of secondary schools in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A sample of 101 secondary school-heads was taken using a multistage sampling technique. Occupational Stress Index (Shrivastava & Singh, 1981) followed by four open-ended questions was used to investigate the study variables. Findings revealed that heads of secondary schools were occupationally stressed in their workplace. The most associated factors causing occupational stress were poor compensation, work overload, lack of effective advancement and promotion policy, poor implementation of education policy, lack of basic facilities, political interference, and under-participation. Several symptoms such as headaches, alterations in blood pressure, and digestive problems, were found to be associated with an increased risk of occupational stress. Furthermore, various related perceived physiological, psychological, and beha...
This study examined occupational stress, its related symptoms, associated factors, and coping str... more This study examined occupational stress, its related symptoms, associated factors, and coping strategies among heads of secondary schools in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A sample of 101 secondary school-heads was taken using a multistage sampling technique. Occupational Stress Index (Shrivastava & Singh, 1981) followed by four open-ended questions was used to investigate the study variables. Findings revealed that heads of secondary schools were occupationally stressed in their workplace. The most associated factors causing occupational stress were poor compensation, work overload, lack of effective advancement and promotion policy, poor implementation of education policy, lack of basic facilities, political interference, and under-participation. Several symptoms such as headaches, alterations in blood pressure, and digestive problems, were found to be associated with an increased risk of occupational stress. Furthermore, various related perceived physiological, psychological, and behavioral consequences were found to be caused by stress at work. Findings suggest that a comprehensive strategy promoted by the education department should be recommended for reducing stress among secondary school-heads and improving their wellbeing and other healthrelated conditions at the workplace.
policymakers should frame effective and comprehensive strategies for reducing stress with the aim... more policymakers should frame effective and comprehensive strategies for reducing stress with the aim to ensure organisational productivity and individuals' prosperity.
Article, 2021
Objectives. The current research aimed to examines the relationship of parenting styles with deci... more Objectives. The current research aimed to examines the relationship of parenting styles with decision-making and self-concept among adolescents (N=400). Method. The sample comprised of College students from Rawalpindi and Attock including both government and private colleges. There were 200 male and 200 female college students recruited into present study. Data were collected through the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1989), Self-Concept Questionnaire (Robson, 1989), and Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (Mann et al., 1997). Results. Self-concept has significant negative correlation with authoritarian father, authoritarian mother, permissive father, permissive mother, whereas significant positive correlation with authoritative father and authoritative mother Decision making style is also significantly correlated with parenting styles. The findings revealed that gender moderates the relationship between authoritarian parenting styles and hypervigilance as well as procrastination. Moreover, gender also moderates the relationship between authoritarian parenting and self-concept. Conclusion. Study demonstrate that parenting styles play a distinctive role especially authoritarian parenting style to determine the adaptive decision making and firm self-concept among adolescents.
Article, 2021
Aim of this study was to check association between self-esteem
and job satisfaction. The study wa... more Aim of this study was to check association between self-esteem
and job satisfaction. The study was conducted to investigate the
effects of self-esteem on job satisfaction among operational
Rescuers of Emergency Rescue Service Rescue 1122 District
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Participants for this study were
selected through a specified criterion. Data for the present study
was collected from 100 operational Emergency Medical
Technicians and Fire Rescuers (Fire Fighters). Age ranges from 26
to 35-year, education ranges from intermediate and professional
diploma to master degree. Purposive sampling technique was used.
Self-esteem scale (Urdu) by Rifai and Tariq in 1999 and Job
Satisfaction Survey (Urdu Version) by Shehzad and Begum (2011)
were used. Results of the study report significant positive
correlation between self-esteem and job satisfaction. Rescuers with
high self-esteem were found more satisfied in their work as
compare to low self-esteem rescuers. It was concluded that selfesteem
has a positive and direct relationship with job satisfaction.
Rescuers with high level of self-esteem were found more satisfied
in their job as compared to low self-esteem rescuers.
Article, 2021
The present study was conducted to evaluate the associations between the
death of father or prolo... more The present study was conducted to evaluate the associations between the
death of father or prolonged separation and depression level in male
children in Buner. The objectives of the study were: (a) to investigate the
effects of father’s absence on the depression level of male children; and
(b) to investigate the difference in depression level between father
present children and father absent children. A sample of 150 male
children were randomly selected from the area of Buner (Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa), ranging in ages 11-15 years. The research participants
were selected from three types of families; as father living with families,
father living abroad, and father not alive. These were arranged in three
groups consisted of 50 children in each. Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale
1992 in Urdu language was administered individually on all 150 subjects.
Statistical tools i.e., ANOVA and Z test were applied on the collected
data. The results reported that there is difference between the depression
level of father involved and father absent children. The father died
children have high level of depression as compared to father involved
children. The findings further verified that those children whose fathers
were living abroad from their families have high level of depression as
compared to those children whose fathers were living with their children.
Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology, 2021
The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between closeness to religion and... more The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between closeness to religion and satisfaction in life in undergraduate students at Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), KPK, Pakistan. A total sample of 100 undergraduate students was selected through a convenience sampling technique comprising 50 male and 50 female undergraduate students. The questionnaires were uploaded as Google forms to collect data virtually from the participants due to the current COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. The undergraduate students having age range 20-22 years were included in the study. Two different standardized tools, Satisfaction with Life Scale developed by Diener et al. (1985) and Daily Spiritual Experience Scale developed by Underwood and Teresi (2002) were used. The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. The results showed significant positive correlations between religiosity, religious well-being, and life satisfaction. ...
The current study was conducted to find out the relationship of job stress and job satisfaction a... more The current study was conducted to find out the relationship of job stress and job satisfaction among operational emergency rescue service workers at district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. 105 Emergency Medical Technicians and Fire Rescuers were selected as sample. They were selected through specified inclusion criteria by using purposive sampling technique from a pool of 200 rescuers. Subjective Job Stress Scale (Urdu) and Job Satisfaction Survey (Urdu) were used. Results showed that subjective job stress has a significant negative impact upon job satisfaction (B= -.13, p= 0.00). It reported a significant negative correlation between job stress and job satisfaction among operational rescuers of Emergency Rescue Service Rescue 1122 district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
PLoS ONE, 2021
In this technologically developed scenario, many organizations in developing countries including ... more In this technologically developed scenario, many organizations in developing countries including Pakistan have expanded the enthusiasm for understanding and creating an encouraging administrative and managerial environment. Numerous organizations are struggling for structural changes by deserting the old-fashioned organizational management style and implementing an empowering leadership where leaders give more authority to subordinates in decision making and responsibilities with the aim to increase organizational productivity. Therefore, the study examined the leadership empowering behaviour as a predictor of employees’ psychological well-being of the educational institutions at secondary level in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A total sample of 564 secondary school teachers (male n = 379; female n = 185) was carefully chosen through a stratified random sampling technique. In this study, a non-experimental predictive correlational design was adopted. In order to collect data from the pa...
Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 2021
The present study aimed to develop and validate an indigenous scale to measure risk factors assoc... more The present study aimed to develop and validate an indigenous scale to measure risk factors associated with extremism and violence tendencies among young people from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). The scale was constructed through successive three phases; where in phase I, 55 items were generated whilst reviewing relevant books, journals, and blog posts published on print and social media. In phase II items were tested for their face validity and comprehension and understanding by potential participants and 50 items were finalized for main study. Phase III of the study was carried out on the sample of 240 students from educational institutions in KPK. A Principal Component Analysis was performed using varimax rotation. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was found and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was also significant indicating appropriate values to carry out subsequent factor analysis. Resultantly, final scale comprised of 26 items with four domains identified, including un...
July-August AFTER EFFECTS OF ARMY PUBLIC SCHOOL (APS) TERRORIST ATTACK ON FIRST RESPONDERS 1 Alam... more July-August AFTER EFFECTS OF ARMY PUBLIC SCHOOL (APS) TERRORIST ATTACK ON FIRST RESPONDERS 1 Alam Zeb Khattak, 1 Muhammad Saif Ullah Qureshi, 2 Muhammad Faheem Khan Department of Psychology, Preston University Peshawar Campus, Iqra National University Peshawar [email protected] , [email protected] ABSTRACT: This research study was conducted to know the after effects of Army Public School Terrorist on first responders in District Peshawar. Two types of first responder participated in the rescue and recovery process. First the trained emergency rescue service workers and 2 nd the untrained bystanders. This is a comparative study in which the responses of both types of first responders on impact of event scale are compared. A sample of 40 graduate participants, age ranges from 25-40 was taken, they were all males. Twenty of them were trained rescuers of operational category from Emergency Rescue Service for rescue 1122 Peshawar and the remaining twenty were those bystande...
Applied Nursing Research
Background In the last two years, the infectious disease such as COVID-19 create a prodigious unc... more Background In the last two years, the infectious disease such as COVID-19 create a prodigious uncertainty not only in general population but also in health care professionals. This often leads to emotional distress in general public and particularly in health care professionals. Objectives During COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, the health care professionals experienced unusual stressors. This study aimed to examine the coping responses, optimism, pessimism and psychiatric morbidity of health professionals serving the COVID-19 patients. Participants Total 87, health care professionals take part in study, whom 36 were physicians and 51 nursing staff. Among these 44 were male, and 43 were female. Method Researchers used cross sectional research design in this study. Physicians and nurses completed self-reported questionnaires. Participants provided demographics data and recorded their responses to self-administered questionnaires. Researchers administered Brief coping orientation to problems experiences (COPE) for assessing the coping strategies, while they assessed psychiatric morbidity through general health questionnaires. Similarly, future expectancy of health care professional was assessed by using life orientation scale. Participants were recruited from quarantine words in two federal government hospitals providing health care services to covid-19 patients in Pakistan. Result The result showed a significant relationship in optimism and problem focus coping style and avoidance coping style. Moreover, male health professionals score high on optimism as compared to female health professionals. While, avoidance coping style were seen higher in female health professional as compare to male. The result revealed that optimism and psychiatric morbidity were significantly positive in health professionals having problem focus and avoidance coping style.
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
from January to June 2018, and comprised tonsillitis patients. Data was collected using a questio... more from January to June 2018, and comprised tonsillitis patients. Data was collected using a questionnaire which included different risk factors like age 1-10 years, gender, residential area, dietary habit etc. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the325 subjects, 200(61.54%), were clinically diagnosed with tonsillitis; 138(69%) being males. Age, unhygienic living condition, balanced diet, stressful environment and the use of sore/spicy foods were identified as significantly associated factors (p<0.05). Conclusion: Age, unhygienic living condition, balanced diet, stressful environment and the use of sore/spicy food were found to have a strong association with tonsillitis.
Dr. Qaiser Suleman1, Dr. Makhdoom Ali Syed2, Dr. Sadaf Zamir Ahmed3, Alam Zeb Khattak4, Dr. Razia... more Dr. Qaiser Suleman1, Dr. Makhdoom Ali Syed2, Dr. Sadaf Zamir Ahmed3, Alam Zeb Khattak4, Dr. Razia Noreen5, Muhammad Saif Ullah Qureshi4, 1Principal, Elementary & Secondary Education Department Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 2Department of Education, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. 3Department of Humanities, Education, & Psychology, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 4Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 5Principal, Government Girls Higher Secondary School Bhedian Pattoki, Kasur, Pakistan.
The current study was conducted to find out the level of depression and self- esteem among the pr... more The current study was conducted to find out the level of depression and self- esteem among the preoperative and postoperative. Level of self-esteem and depression among post operative (mastectomy and lumpectomy) were also investigated. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) at the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar. 120 sample of breast cancer were selected. 60 were preoperative and 60 were postoperative breast cancer patients. Their age ranges from 26 years to 55 years. Purposive sampling technique was used in the study. Urdu version of self-esteem scale (1999) and Depression scales were used (1992). SPSS 21 version was used for data analysis. Results: It was hypothesized in the study that there is a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and depression in preoperative and postoperative Breast Cancer. The results also shows the negative correlation amongst self–esteem and depression in lumpectomy...
Letter to the editor, 2020
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Papers by Alam Zeb Khattak
and job satisfaction. The study was conducted to investigate the
effects of self-esteem on job satisfaction among operational
Rescuers of Emergency Rescue Service Rescue 1122 District
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Participants for this study were
selected through a specified criterion. Data for the present study
was collected from 100 operational Emergency Medical
Technicians and Fire Rescuers (Fire Fighters). Age ranges from 26
to 35-year, education ranges from intermediate and professional
diploma to master degree. Purposive sampling technique was used.
Self-esteem scale (Urdu) by Rifai and Tariq in 1999 and Job
Satisfaction Survey (Urdu Version) by Shehzad and Begum (2011)
were used. Results of the study report significant positive
correlation between self-esteem and job satisfaction. Rescuers with
high self-esteem were found more satisfied in their work as
compare to low self-esteem rescuers. It was concluded that selfesteem
has a positive and direct relationship with job satisfaction.
Rescuers with high level of self-esteem were found more satisfied
in their job as compared to low self-esteem rescuers.
death of father or prolonged separation and depression level in male
children in Buner. The objectives of the study were: (a) to investigate the
effects of father’s absence on the depression level of male children; and
(b) to investigate the difference in depression level between father
present children and father absent children. A sample of 150 male
children were randomly selected from the area of Buner (Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa), ranging in ages 11-15 years. The research participants
were selected from three types of families; as father living with families,
father living abroad, and father not alive. These were arranged in three
groups consisted of 50 children in each. Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale
1992 in Urdu language was administered individually on all 150 subjects.
Statistical tools i.e., ANOVA and Z test were applied on the collected
data. The results reported that there is difference between the depression
level of father involved and father absent children. The father died
children have high level of depression as compared to father involved
children. The findings further verified that those children whose fathers
were living abroad from their families have high level of depression as
compared to those children whose fathers were living with their children.
and job satisfaction. The study was conducted to investigate the
effects of self-esteem on job satisfaction among operational
Rescuers of Emergency Rescue Service Rescue 1122 District
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Participants for this study were
selected through a specified criterion. Data for the present study
was collected from 100 operational Emergency Medical
Technicians and Fire Rescuers (Fire Fighters). Age ranges from 26
to 35-year, education ranges from intermediate and professional
diploma to master degree. Purposive sampling technique was used.
Self-esteem scale (Urdu) by Rifai and Tariq in 1999 and Job
Satisfaction Survey (Urdu Version) by Shehzad and Begum (2011)
were used. Results of the study report significant positive
correlation between self-esteem and job satisfaction. Rescuers with
high self-esteem were found more satisfied in their work as
compare to low self-esteem rescuers. It was concluded that selfesteem
has a positive and direct relationship with job satisfaction.
Rescuers with high level of self-esteem were found more satisfied
in their job as compared to low self-esteem rescuers.
death of father or prolonged separation and depression level in male
children in Buner. The objectives of the study were: (a) to investigate the
effects of father’s absence on the depression level of male children; and
(b) to investigate the difference in depression level between father
present children and father absent children. A sample of 150 male
children were randomly selected from the area of Buner (Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa), ranging in ages 11-15 years. The research participants
were selected from three types of families; as father living with families,
father living abroad, and father not alive. These were arranged in three
groups consisted of 50 children in each. Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale
1992 in Urdu language was administered individually on all 150 subjects.
Statistical tools i.e., ANOVA and Z test were applied on the collected
data. The results reported that there is difference between the depression
level of father involved and father absent children. The father died
children have high level of depression as compared to father involved
children. The findings further verified that those children whose fathers
were living abroad from their families have high level of depression as
compared to those children whose fathers were living with their children.