Graduate School of Letters

Gli affreschi conservati nella chiesa e nel convento di Santa Chiara a Napoli, tranne i pochi frammenti attribuiti a Giotto e ai suoi seguaci, finora non hanno suscitato particolare interesse tra gli studiosi. In questo breve saggio si ripercorre, preliminarmente, la carriera di Cavallini al fine di individuare due orientamenti diversi nel suo stile, e si avanza l'ipotesi che gli affreschi di epoca più tarda di Santa Chiara siano il risultato della ridipintura che, pur se vagamente, evoca l'originale trecentesco. Per di più, si vorrebbero scorgere reminiscenze cavalliniane in alcuni scomparti del Chiostro grande. Se questa supposizione � valida, si potrà discutere sui vari argomenti che riguardano l'ideazione dell'architettura e del programma decorativo, sotto una più ampia prospettiva.

This paper investigates skill acquisition in the past through the analysis of refitted sets of lithic artifacts. The refitted sets belong to the late Upper Paleolithic (cal. 17–14 ka), and were obtained from the Hattoridai 2, Kamishirataki 2, and Kamishirataki 8 sites in Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Notable findings include the following. (1) Highly skilled knappers used various raw materials for blade production at the Kamishirataki 8 site. This suggests that the particular choice of lithic raw material “packages” is not always associated with different skill levels among knappers at the stage of lithic manufacture. (2) Missing blade cores (“ghost cores”) as well as missing blades (“ghost blades”) among the refitted sets can offer a useful signature of the knappers’ skill. (3) Novice knappers carried out simple training exercises at the Hattoridai 2 site, whereas the refitted sets from the Kamishirataki 2 site suggest that experts conducted pedagogical demonstrations for the benefit of one or more novices. The main conclusion from the analyses presented in this paper is that observation and imitation, as well as some kind of instruction, played significant roles in the skill learning process among the inhabitants of these Upper Paleolithic sites.

During excavation of the Bayan-gol I Palaeolithic site in the Bulgan Aimak, Mongolia, some faunistic remains were recovered attributable to Aves (two species), Anura (two species), and mammals (three species). The fossil remains bear a considerable similarity to the corresponding species of today in Mongolia.

This essay will address differences in orientation in early Japanese lexicography with regard to the Japanese rendering of definitions in a Chinese language dictionary. Most,if not all, premodern Japanese dictionaries took the form of rendering the headword in Chinese characters and Chinese words,while also offering a Japanese reading. This does not,however,entail that early Japanese lexicography was entirely oriented to the Chinese language:in fact,a representative portion of Japanese oriented language dictionaries were produced. Japanese readings in Japanese language dictionaries explain the Japanese use of the headword. Alternatively, Chinese-Japanese dictionaries,including Chinese character dictionaries,explain the Chinese use in the Japanese language. By virtue of this fact,they are not distinctive in their form. This essay attempts to distinguish which orientation a dictionary inclines to by focusing on its rendering of definitions of earlier Chinese dictionaries. Here,we will...

This paper analyses the activities of Andrey Monastyrsky, the leader of the group called “Collective Actions” (CA) which is a part of Moscow conceptualism, namely, a remarkable community of Soviet unofficial art in the 1970s and 1980s. CA is a group that has practiced many performances (they call it “action”) in the field and the forest near Moscow since 1976. The perspective which could be the key to re-examine their long history is the issue of how they sought to appropriate and privatize spacetime. Regarding the privatization, Boris Groys, Russian art-critic and philosopher, pointed out that this term is linked to Moscow conceptualism, though his argument is mainly related to another group from a younger generation of conceptualism. Meanwhile, it is researcher Octavian Esanu who mentions the problem of space and time in CA. However, there exists scope for further research on the theme of time based on the perspective of appropriation. Therefore, this paper tried to shed light on ...

La Inmaculada Concepción de Vel􌍝azquez se ha investigado en comparación con la
referencia iconográfica que Pacheco estableció en su tratado artístico “Arte de la
Pintura”,aunque apenas se ha tratado la diferencia pictórica entre la Inmaculada del
discípulo y de su maestro. En este artículo se presenta la técnica utilizada por Pacheco
de representar a la Virgen de la Inmaculada como si apareciera encima de la ciudad de
Sevilla para lograr que sus pinturas parecieran “vivas”y, de esta manera poder cumplir
con sus propios preceptos iconogr􌍝aficos acerca de las pinturas religiosas,reflejados en el
libro anteriormente citado;sin embargo,su discípulo Velázquez no sólo no utilizó este
estilo de retratar a la Virgen, sino que aspiró a representarla de una manera admirablemente
realista a través de un modo caracterizado“por tener siempre delante el natural”.

In this work, fine powders of spinel-type LiMn 2 O 4 as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) were produced by a facile solution combustion synthesis using glycine as fuel and metal nitrates as oxidizers. Single phase of LiMn 2 O 4 products were successfully prepared by SCS with a subsequent calcination treatment at 600 to 1000 ºC. The structure and morphology of the powders were studied in detail by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties were characterized by galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling and cyclic voltammetry. The crystallinity, morphology, and size of the products were greatly influenced by the calcination temperature. The sample calcined at 900 ºC had good crystallinity and particle sizes between 500 and 1000 nm. It showed the best performance with an initial discharge capacity of 115.6 mAh g-1 and a capacity retention of 93% after 50 cycles at a 1 C rate. In comparison, the LiMn 2 O 4 sample prepared by the solid-state reaction showed a lower capacity of around 80 mAh g-1 .