Papers by Reyhan Atasü - Topcuoglu
Ekolojik Krizlere Disiplinlerarası Yaklaşım ve Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamaları, 2024
Bu yazı da sosyal hizmet mesleğinin sürdürülebilir kalkınma, afet yönetimi ve çevre hareketleriyl... more Bu yazı da sosyal hizmet mesleğinin sürdürülebilir kalkınma, afet yönetimi ve çevre hareketleriyle olan bağlantılarını ortaya koyarak, mesleğin ekolojik ve sosyal adaletin sağlanmasındaki konumunu inceledik.
Asian and Pacific Migration Journal
Unaccompanied children who do not or cannot access the child protection system in Türkiye often b... more Unaccompanied children who do not or cannot access the child protection system in Türkiye often become engaged in child labor and find themselves living in precarity. This paper highlights narratives of survival within their culturally-assumed transition to manhood based on empirical research on the life experiences of 12 unaccompanied, male Afghan youth who came to Türkiye as unaccompanied children. These narratives reflect patriarchal culture, particularly the Taliban’s extreme manifestations of patriarchy, both in a context of war and violence. Unaccompanied Afghan children migrate for survival and, after dangerous journeys, live as irregular migrants. Their daily life is marked by (1) fear of police and deportation, (2) child labor, (3) long and challenging work routines, (4) lack of leisure time, schooling, adult protection or support and (5) lack of social security. As a result, they develop survival strategies to manage their precarious lives. Their narratives share commonalities focusing on the conditionalities of constructing manhood.
Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi
Bu araştırmanın amacı Belçika’da boşanmış Türk göçmen kadınlara sağlanan sosyal hizmet modelini a... more Bu araştırmanın amacı Belçika’da boşanmış Türk göçmen kadınlara sağlanan sosyal hizmet modelini anlamaya çalışmaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Belçika’nın Antwerp şehrinde yaşayan 5 boşanmış Türk göçmen kadın ve kadınlara hizmet sağlayan kuruluşlarda çalışan 5 sosyal hizmet uzmanı ve 1 avukat olmak üzere toplam 11 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Görüşmeler, yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerden elde edinilen veriler araştırmacılar tarafından deşifre edilmiş, metne dökülmüş ve MAXQDA nitel analiz programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre Belçika’da boşanmış kadınlara sağlanan hizmetlerin kültürel ve toplumsal kodlara rağmen kadınları güçlendirdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Affilia: Feminist Inquiry in Social Work, 2024
High-conflict divorce proceedings in Turkey typically span 2 years but can extend to 6, reinforci... more High-conflict divorce proceedings in Turkey typically span 2 years but can extend to 6, reinforcing the perception that institutional violence against women has been widespread under the conservative Justice and Development Party's 20-year rule. This study poses two primary research questions: (1) What are the legal, sociocultural, financial, and psychological experiences of high-conflict divorced women? (2) Which statutory social services could women access during and after the high-conflict divorce process? Employing a feminist qualitative research approach, this study draws on 20 semi-structured interviews with women in Istanbul who have undergone high-conflict divorces. The goal is to understand these women's experiences and pinpoint the disparities between their needs and the support available from statutory social services. The findings illuminate the challenges women face while dealing with patriarchal norms within societal, cultural, and financial realms amid the divorce process. Additionally, the study reveals the inadequacies of current family-oriented services and emphasizes the urgent need for women's rights-based support, including psychosocial, legal, and financial assistance.This paper investigates the experiences of women in Turkey undergoing high-conflict divorces and their access to statutory social services. Focused on a conservative political climate under the Justice and Development Party, which has emphasized traditional gender roles and made the divorce process more challenging, the study uses a feminist qualitative research approach, drawing from interviews with 20 women in Istanbul. It highlights the legal, socio-cultural, financial, and psychological challenges faced by these women, alongside the inadequacy of family-oriented statutory services in meeting their needs for psychosocial, legal, and financial support.
Divorce in Turkey, particularly high-conflict divorce, is complicated by patriarchal norms, societal stigma, and the financial and emotional burden on women. Legislative strides towards gender equality have been undermined by a regressive shift since 2016, culminating in the revocation of the Istanbul Convention in 2021. High-conflict divorces are distinguished by their lengthy, expensive legal battles, heightened tensions, and significant emotional and financial strain on women.
The study uncovers the multifaceted struggles of high-conflict divorced women, including dealing with societal stigma, the financial dependency on men, and the violent repercussions of challenging male dominance. It also emphasizes the critical role of statutory social services, like women's shelters, in supporting these women, yet notes a gap between the available services and the specific needs of those undergoing high-conflict divorces.
Methodologically, the research adopts a feminist standpoint, conducting semi-structured interviews to explore the participants' experiences. The findings reveal the circular nature of the divorce decision process, the pursuit of justice amidst patriarchal biases in the legal system, and the economic and psychological battles faced by the women. The paper argues for a shift from family-centric to individual-centric social policies and services, advocating for gender-sensitive statutory services that address the unique needs of high-conflict divorced women and their children.
In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of high-conflict divorce experiences in Turkey, highlighting the need for improved statutory social services and gender equality policies. It calls for further research and interdisciplinary collaboration to develop support models that address the challenges identified.
Women's Studies International Forum, 2024
FULL TEXT IS BELOW
The paper delves into the complex dynamics of polygynous marriages in Turkey, ... more FULL TEXT IS BELOW
The paper delves into the complex dynamics of polygynous marriages in Turkey, involving Syrian refugees and Turkish men, and the consequential impact on gender relations and violence against women.
Despite Turkey's legal prohibition of polygyny since 1926, the practice persists through religious marriages (imam marriage), lacking legal recognition but culturally accepted under certain conditions. The number of cases of polygyny has increased after the forced migration from Syria.
The differential legal status between Syrian and Turkish women in these marriages—Syrians often being in informal unions without legal protections—exacerbates their vulnerability to domestic violence and socio-economic disadvantages.
Drawing on interviews from women in both groups across three Turkish provinces, the paper highlights the shared and distinct challenges faced by Syrian and Turkish wives in polygynous marriages. It explores the broader socio-legal context, including the effects of Syrian women's temporary protection status in Turkey, the involvement of marriage brokers, and the complex interplay of consent, coercion, and violence that underpins these marriages.
Key findings underline that both groups of women are subjected to gender-based violence and exploitation within the patriarchal framework of polygyny, yet their experiences and coping strategies are shaped by their differing legal and social standings. Syrian women, often coerced into these marriages as a survival mechanism amidst migration-induced vulnerabilities, face significant legal and social precarity. Turkish women, while legally recognized through civil marriages, grapple with the socio-cultural pressures and threats to their marital and familial stability.
The study employs the feminist standpoint theory approach to analyse the women's narratives, emphasizing the need to consider their diverse backgrounds, legal statuses, and the multifaceted oppressions they endure. This approach reveals the intricate patriarchal bargains that women navigate, leveraging their limited agency within a spectrum of resistance, adaptation, and complicity to patriarchal demands.
Furthermore, the research critically assesses the role of family, ashiret norms, and societal expectations in sustaining polygyny and the hierarchies and tensions it fosters among women within the same household. The Syrian and Turkish women's distinct perspectives on civil marriage versus citizenship highlight the complexities of their aspirations and demands for legal and social recognition and protection.
In conclusion, the paper advocates for a comprehensive understanding of polygynous marriages as a form of gender-based violence, embedded in wider socio-economic and legal inequities exacerbated by forced migration. It calls for targeted social policies and legal reforms that address the root causes of polygyny, prioritize women's rights and security, and challenge the patriarchal structures that perpetuate gender inequalities and violence in the context of migration and beyond.
FULL TEXT: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1iquO-6kqlJeb
Sosyal Çalışma ve Feminizm,, 2023
Çoklu Krizler Çağında Yoksulluk; Yükseker D., Özkan Kerestecioğlu, İ. ve Şahin Taşgın N. (Der), Nika., 2023
Özet: İnsan hareketliliğinin hangi kavramlarla ve sınıflandırmalarla temsil edildiği ve nasıl açı... more Özet: İnsan hareketliliğinin hangi kavramlarla ve sınıflandırmalarla temsil edildiği ve nasıl açıklandığı tarihsel olarak değişen politik bir olgudur. Bu çalışmada, güncel göç söylemine temel teşkil eden düzenli/düzensiz göç ayrımı, transit kavramlarını eleştirel bir göz ile irdelemek ve yapı söküme uğratmak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma insan hareketliliğinin kendisinin ve ona dair olan anlayışın ne kadar politik olduğunu ifşa ederek, tartışmalara insan hakları temelinde normatif bir boyut kazandırma çabalarına katkı vermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Öz: Bu çalışma refah devletinin ve sosyal politikanın kuruluşu ve kurumsallaşmasında olgusal olar... more Öz: Bu çalışma refah devletinin ve sosyal politikanın kuruluşu ve kurumsallaşmasında olgusal olarak var olan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Sosyal politika ve feminist hareket arasındaki ilişki paradoksaldır: Ataerkil toplumsal yapıların değiştirilmesinde bizatihi bu yapıları yeniden üreten devletin müdahalesine de ihtiyaç olduğundan, değişim için gereken müdahaleyi yine egemen toplumsal anlayışın diline tercüme etmek gerekmektedir. Çalışma, dünya genelinde feminist literatürün refah devleti tartışmalarına ve sosyal politikanın anaakımına getirdiği kuvvetli eleştirileri ortaya koymayı, Türkiye'deki kadın emeği odağındaki çalışmaların sosyal politika alanına getirdiği katkıları görünür kılmayı ve bu katkıların kamu politikası açısından doğurgularını göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Refah Devleti, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği, Sosyal Politika, Kamu Politikası. The criticisms and contributions of feminism to welfare state and social policy. Abstract: The study presents gender inequalities that have appeared in the establishment and institutionalization of welfare state and social policy. There is a paradox between feminist movements and social policy: state intervention is required in order to change patriarchal social structures, but for state interventions to establish gender equality, the demands of feminist movements must first be translated into the language of the dominant ideology. The study aims to underline feminist acquisitions in this difficult relationship. To this end, it summarizes the powerful criticisms directed by feminist literature against the main stream of social policy and aims to make visible the contribution of studies focusing on women's work in Turkey, and to underline the implications for economic and public policy.
Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 2022
This study aims to understand how the discourse of marriage with Syrian women after the Syrian mi... more This study aims to understand how the discourse of marriage with Syrian women after the Syrian migration is handled in the media and to address the social work practices to be carried out in this direction. In the study, content analysis was carried out with a qualitative research design. The research data consists of 139 written news that appeared on internet news portals in local (48 news) and national (91 news) newspapers. The data were analyzed in ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis program.
The findings of the study were discussed under three main themes denoting that, firstly, many of the gender-based problems faced by Syrian women and the violence they are exposed to are named by the media as marriage. The representation of men, Turkish and Syrian women, are biased; Syrian women are stigmatized as a threat to men and family. Thirdly, the media does not refer to Syrian women as news sources and hence subordinates them. The study deciphered five discursive maneuvers in the masculine discourse of the media that marginalizes immigrant women. For increasing the sensitivity and advocacy capacity of social workers working with immigrants, it is essential to see the discriminatory media discourse towards Syrian women because media plays an active role in shaping the public's perspective and prejudices.
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Suriye göçü sonrası Suriyeli kadınlarla evlilik söyleminin medyada nasıl ele alındığını anlamaya çalışmak ve bu doğrultuda yapılacak sosyal hizmet uygulamalarını ele almaktır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma deseni ile içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerini, 2011 yılı ile 2020 yılları arasında yerel (48 haber) ve ulusal (91 haber) gazetelerde internet haber kanallarında yer alan toplamda 139 yazılı haber oluşturmaktadır. Veriler ATLAS.ti nitel veri analiz programında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları üç ana temada ele alınmıştır: (i) araştırmanın bulgularına göre Suriyeli kadınların karşılaştığı cinsiyet temelli sorunların birçoğu ve maruz bırakıldıkları şiddet medyada kavramsal torba olarak evlilikler üzerinden üstü örtülü bir biçimde ifade edilmektedir; (ii) evliliğin taraflarının temsili temasında, haber içeriklerinde evliliğin taraflarının yanlı temsil edildiği, Suriyeli kadınların “aile birliğini bozan” ve “tehdit” gibi kavramlarla tanımlandığı gösterilmektedir; (iii) haber sunumunda başvurulan kaynaklarda evliliklerin özneleri olarak Suriyeli kadınlara başvurulmadığı kadınların madunlaştırılarak evliliklerin aktarıldığı görülmüştür. Medyadaki eril taraflı dilin göçmen kadınları ötekileştirdiği beş söylemsel manevra deşifre edilmiştir. Kamunun bakış açısını şekillendirmede etkin rol alan medyanın söylemindeki Suriyeli kadınlara yönelecek ayrımcı dili görmek bu bağlamda sosyal hizmette etkili savunuculuk yapabilmek adına önemlidir.
ATASÜ TOPÇUOĞLU, R. (2019). Türkiye’de Göçmen Çocukların Katılım Hakkı. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8 (1), 408-430., 2019
Çocukların hayatın her alanına katılımı hem çocuk haklarının yaşama geçmesi hem de toplumsal iyi ... more Çocukların hayatın her alanına katılımı hem çocuk haklarının yaşama geçmesi hem de toplumsal iyi olma halinin arttırılması açısından gereklidir. Ancak henüz birer yetişkin olmayan çocukların farklı mecralardaki kararlara nasıl katılabileceği pek bilinmemektedir. İlaveten, yaşadıkları toplumun dilini ve kültürünü bilmeyen göçmen çocukların katılımını sağlamak daha zordur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocukların katılım hakkını kavramsal olarak tartışmak, bu hakkı göçmen çocuklar açısından ele almaktır. Çalışmada öncelikle katılım kavramı tartışılacak, çocuk katılımının boyutları belirlenecek, katılım merdiveni kavramı açıklanacaktır. Daha sonra, dünya genelinde ve Türkiye’de göçmen çocukların durumu, yaşadıkları hak ihlalleri ve karşılaştıkları riskler ile ilgili bilgi verilecek, bu bilgiler ışığında çocukların refahını ve katılımını arttırmak için neler yapılabileceğine dair sosyal politika ve sosyal hizmet önerileri geliştirilecektir.
Children’s participation in every area of daily life is necessary not only for accomplishing child rights but also for increasing social well-being. However, how children who are not grown-ups yet can participate in decision-making mechanisms in different medium remains a mystery. In addition, it is even harder to make migrant children who are not familiar with the language and culture of the host country participate. This study aims to discuss children’s right to participation conceptually with a special emphasis on migrant children. Firstly, the study will discuss the concept of participation, determine the dimensions of child participation and explain the concept of ‘ladder of participation’. Then it will provide information about the general situation of migrant children, as well as human rights violations and risks faced by them worldwide and particularly in Turkey and make social policy and social service suggestions concerning the things to be done to increase children’s welfare and participation in the light of this information.
New Perspectives on Turkey , 2022
Reforming care regimes to cover the care deficit and enhancing the marketization of care to promo... more Reforming care regimes to cover the care deficit and enhancing the marketization of care to promote individualism and gender equality have been on the European agenda since the 1990s. However, both implementation and results have been path-dependent. This study first underlines some specificities in the Turkish case—namely, the limited welfare state, a large shadow economy, gender roles, patriarchal backlash, Islamization, and neoliberalism, all of which receive little treatment in the welfare state literature. It then analyzes how these specificities interact in the construction of the care regime in Turkey, conceptualizing the outcome as distorted commodification of care—namely, the continuing ambiguity of care services despite these activities producing precarity and positional suffering for caregivers and recipients. Finally, the study provides concrete examples from the less studied topic of long-term disability care. It presents a perspective on Turkey that foregrounds the connections between gendered care imagery and case-specific qualities of the commodification of care shaped by the long-standing shadow economy, the outsourcing of disability services to for-profit private companies, and the introduction of the cash-for-care policy. The study analyzes the outcomes of distorted commodification of care under these conditions in Turkey vis-à-vis visibility, valuation of work, working conditions, and gender inequality.
Çalışma ve Toplum Dergisi, 2019
Makale, refah devletinin tarihsel gelişimi ile küreselleşme arasındaki bağlamsal ilişkiyi ortaya ... more Makale, refah devletinin tarihsel gelişimi ile küreselleşme arasındaki bağlamsal ilişkiyi ortaya koyarak, Avrupa özelinde ekonomik krizlerle çok kültürcülükten aşırı sağa savrulan siyasal söylem ile refah devleti ve uluslararası göç arasındaki ilişkiyi görünür kılmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma öncelikle refah devletinin tarihsel gelişimi ve küreselleşme arasındaki bağlantıları kuracak, ardından üretimin esnekleştiği, sermayenin serbest dolaşımının arttığı ve tüketimin küreselleştiği günümüzde refah devleti tartışmasında yaşanan ideolojik ve kavramsal kaymayı belirleyecek, ardından uluslararası göçün refah devletine olan somut etkileri ve refah devleti ve göç politikası arasındaki ilişkiyi tartışacaktır. Bu tartışmaya somut örnek olarak göç alan ve sırasıyla sosyal demokrat ve muhafazakâr refah devletleri rejimlerine örnek olarak gösterilen İsveç ve Almaya örneklerinde refah devleti, göç politikası ve sağın yükselişi incelenecektir. Sonuçta aşırı sağ söylemin, refah devletinin küçülmesi ile güvencesizleşen kitlelerin değişim istediği ile neoliberal söylem içinde bu isteği dile getirecek ideolojik ve kavramsal kısıtlarının çakışması içinde geliştiği savlanacaktır.
Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to reveal the relation between welfare state, international migration and political discourse that has been shifted from multi-culturalism to far right. It reviews the historical relations between welfare state, capitalism and globalization, ascertains the relations between the contemporary ideological shift and flexible production, capital mobility and globalization of consumption. After discussing the effects of international migration on welfare state and relations between welfare state and migration policy, it will focus on two immigration countries Sweden and Germany as examples of social democrat and conservative welfare state models respectively. The study concludes by discussing the rise of far-right movements in relation to the shrinking of welfare states and precarization of masses, and the conceptual limitation of neoliberal discourse for defining people’s demand for change.
International Migration, 2018
This study focuses on the public opinion on the naturalization policy for Syrians in Turkey. It a... more This study focuses on the public opinion on the naturalization policy for Syrians in Turkey. It analyses news media coverage in the religious, far‐right newspaper (Yeni Akit), a centre‐right newspaper (Hürriyet), a social democrat newspaper (Cumhuriyet), and a socialist‐left news portal (Solportal). The research question is: What are the metaphors, arguments, and omissions produced by media of diierent ideologies about the possible citizenship of Syrians in Turkey? The results show that metaphors and arguments dier according to ideological stance, suggesting that the current political polarization in Turkey aects the public's acceptance of Syrians and challenges Turkey's established migration policy. Each ideological stance accepts Syrians on a selective basis, implying that universal naturalization of Syrians is not welcome; instead, there seems to be consensus favouring naturalization according to socio‐economic criteria. The ndings are discussed in terms of the potential of each ideological approach to challenge Turkey's established migration policy. The results show that metaphors and arguments about naturalization policy dier according to ideological stance and closeness to the government, suggesting that the current political polarization aects the public's acceptance of Syrians in Turkey. The conclusion focuses on the wider policy implications posed by the Turkish case.These results indicate a need for a change in migration policy, especially concerning disadvantaged Syrians.
Social Inclusion, 2019
This study focuses on small-scale entrepreneurship of Syrian refugees in Turkey. It analyses in a... more This study focuses on small-scale entrepreneurship of Syrian refugees in Turkey. It analyses in a Bourdieusian way how they utilize cultural, social, economic and symbolic capital, and reveals their start-up and sustainability strategies. It is based on 24 in-depth interviews with Syrian small entrepreneurs who started up new businesses after 2011, in Istanbul, Gaziantep, and Hatay. It describes the entrepreneurial opportunity structure and the significance of the informal economy and analyses Syrians' utilization of various forms of capital in small entrepreneurship and relations to integration. The main finding indicates that the informal economy-as the main site of such entrepreneurship-eases the start-up process but limits ongoing business and integration.
Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 2009
ÖZET Bu makalede yazarlar, modern çocukluk pa-radigmasının köklerine ilişkin eleştirel bir değerl... more ÖZET Bu makalede yazarlar, modern çocukluk pa-radigmasının köklerine ilişkin eleştirel bir değerlendirme yapmakta ve modernitenin başlangıcından günümüze değin çocukluk fikrinin geçirdiği evreleri tartışmaktadır. ABSTRACT In this article, the authors make a critical evaluation on the roots of modern childhood paradigm and discuss the phases of the idea of childhood from the beginning of mo-dernity to the present day.
Düzensiz göç, en geniş anlamıyla, sınır ötesi insan hareketlerinin devletler tarafından kontrol e... more Düzensiz göç, en geniş anlamıyla, sınır ötesi insan hareketlerinin devletler tarafından kontrol edilemeyen ve gözetlenemeyen kısmıdır. Düzensiz göç, sadece hepimizin basında sık sık karşılaştığı bir olgu olan göçmen kaçakçılığından ibaret değildir; insan ticaretini, yasal olarak ülke sınırından girip vize süresini geçirenleri, yasal veya yasa dışı göçmenlerin kaçak veya zorla çalışması gibi birçok olguyu içine alan bir çatı kavramdırKavramsal olarak düzensiz göç, sınırların sembolik boyuttan katı gerçeklere dönüştüğü anda karşımıza çıkar.Sınırın insan hareketini mekânsal ve zamansal olarak kısıtladığı ve bu kısıtlamanın “aşıldığı” noktada düzensiz göç kavramı doğar, aksi takdirde sadece göçten bahsediyor olurduk. Nedir düzensiz göç? Nasıl tanımlanıyor? Bu çalışmada olgusal ve tanımlayıcı ilk yaklaşımımız bize, düzensiz göçün uluslararası tanımlarını, bu tür göç hareketlerinin küresel yönlerini, bunların genel göç dalgalarıyla olan ilişkisini sunacak. Ardından, düzensiz göçü küreselleşme içinde sorunsallaştıracak ve tartışacağız.
Women, Migration and Asylum in Turkey Developing Gender-Sensitivity in Migration Research, Policy and Practice, 2020
As of 2020, the war in Syria still continues. More than 6 million refugees have left Syria to see... more As of 2020, the war in Syria still continues. More than 6 million refugees have left Syria to seek asylum in various countries. The majority of Syrian refugees stay in developing countries with partial democracies, patriarchal, weak welfare states and patriarchal cultures.
The refugees have been challenging neighbouring states as well as European countries at the junction point of the protection of human rights, costs and the politics of identity. Within this context the relation between the welfare state of the host countries and refugees is very challenging for both sides. It is challenging for the welfare states, which are generally structured to serve to citizens according to different conditionalities mostly depending on work. Moreover, the interaction between people and welfare regimes consists of tricky political aspects including citizenship, gender regimes, kinship regimes, work orientation, family orientation, and also patriarchal or democratic approaches of the states. Migration poses challenges in all these areas. On the other hand, getting in touch with the welfare system - meaning access to shelter, safety, health, education and social aid – is, all in all, a matter of survival for most of the Syrian refugees, who had to flee from their homes and hence have very limited financial and social resources. Whether they are working in public social services and/or NGOs, social workers are the very people who are enabling and also practicing this critical relation. Hence their attitude towards Syrians is very important in the provision of social services and in relating them with the welfare regimes.
This paper analyses the abovementioned welfare systems and the migration challenge through a gender perspective within the example of Syrians in Turkey, and reviews the government’s political response to the ‘Syrian refugee crisis’ in terms of the welfare state and social services. Then it provides some insight into the actual practice via analysing the accounts of social workers dealing with Syrian women in Turkey. The study is qualitative research, based on in-depth interviews with social workers actively working with Syrian women in different civil society organizations as well as with Syrian women in Ankara.
Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet, 2021
-English abstract is below-
Bu araştırma, Duchenne Musküler Distrofili (DMD'li) bireylere bakım v... more -English abstract is below-
Bu araştırma, Duchenne Musküler Distrofili (DMD'li) bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme sürecinde karşılaştıkları güçlüklerin yanı sıra; bakım yükleri ve aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiselliği ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada tarama modellerinden ''İlişkisel Tarama Modeli'' kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kas Hastalıkları Merkezi'nden ve Türkiye Kas Hastalıkları Derneği İzmir Şubesi'nden 09.12.2019-12.03.2020 tarihleri arasında DMD tanısı nedeni ile hizmet alan hastaların bakımından birinci derece sorumlu olan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 70 aile üyesi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği, Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri ve Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü düzeyinin ''Orta-Hafif'' olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yılmazlık düzeyleri açısından, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin genel olarak ''yılmaz'' oldukları söylenebilmektedir. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü ile aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Ancak; Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri gelişimsel yük alt boyutu ile Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kontrol alt boyutu; duygusal yük alt boyutu ile özyetkinlik ve kontrol alt boyutları arasında negatif yönde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular DMD'li bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükünün azaltılıp yılmazlık düzeylerinin arttırılmasına yönelik sosyal hizmet müdahale ve stratejilerinin ortaya koyulması ihtiyacını ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın alana önemli katkılar sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
his research was carried out in order to reveal the difficulties faced by family members who care for individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) in the process of caregiving, as well as the relationship between caregiver burden and family resilience levels. In this research that has been carried out by quantitative research method, "correlational study model" is used. The research sample includes 70 family members who are primarily responsible for the care of patients receiving treatment for DMD diagnosis and agreed voluntarily to participate from the Neuromuscular Disorders Center of İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital affiliated to the Ministry of Health, and the Izmir Branch of the Neuromuscular Disorders Association of Turkey between 09.12.2019‐12.03.2020. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Caregiver Burden Scale, Caregiver Burden Inventory and Family Resilience Scale are used as data collection tools. Statistical analyses are performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 package program. In the research, caregiver burden of family members who care for a DMD patient is found to be "Moderate‐Mild". In terms of resilience levels, it can be said that family members who care for DMD patients are generally “resilient” individuals. The research found no statistically significant relationship between caregiver burden of family members who care for DMD patients and their family resilience levels. However, a negative relationship is found between the Caregiver Burden Inventory Developmental Burden Subscale and Family Resilience Scale Control Subscale; Emotional Burden Subscale and Self‐efficacy and Control Subscale. The research findings highlight the need for social work interventions and strategies to reduce the caregiver burden of family members who care for individuals with DMD and to increase their level of family resilience. In this context, the research is thought to make significant contributions to the field.
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Papers by Reyhan Atasü - Topcuoglu
Divorce in Turkey, particularly high-conflict divorce, is complicated by patriarchal norms, societal stigma, and the financial and emotional burden on women. Legislative strides towards gender equality have been undermined by a regressive shift since 2016, culminating in the revocation of the Istanbul Convention in 2021. High-conflict divorces are distinguished by their lengthy, expensive legal battles, heightened tensions, and significant emotional and financial strain on women.
The study uncovers the multifaceted struggles of high-conflict divorced women, including dealing with societal stigma, the financial dependency on men, and the violent repercussions of challenging male dominance. It also emphasizes the critical role of statutory social services, like women's shelters, in supporting these women, yet notes a gap between the available services and the specific needs of those undergoing high-conflict divorces.
Methodologically, the research adopts a feminist standpoint, conducting semi-structured interviews to explore the participants' experiences. The findings reveal the circular nature of the divorce decision process, the pursuit of justice amidst patriarchal biases in the legal system, and the economic and psychological battles faced by the women. The paper argues for a shift from family-centric to individual-centric social policies and services, advocating for gender-sensitive statutory services that address the unique needs of high-conflict divorced women and their children.
In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of high-conflict divorce experiences in Turkey, highlighting the need for improved statutory social services and gender equality policies. It calls for further research and interdisciplinary collaboration to develop support models that address the challenges identified.
The paper delves into the complex dynamics of polygynous marriages in Turkey, involving Syrian refugees and Turkish men, and the consequential impact on gender relations and violence against women.
Despite Turkey's legal prohibition of polygyny since 1926, the practice persists through religious marriages (imam marriage), lacking legal recognition but culturally accepted under certain conditions. The number of cases of polygyny has increased after the forced migration from Syria.
The differential legal status between Syrian and Turkish women in these marriages—Syrians often being in informal unions without legal protections—exacerbates their vulnerability to domestic violence and socio-economic disadvantages.
Drawing on interviews from women in both groups across three Turkish provinces, the paper highlights the shared and distinct challenges faced by Syrian and Turkish wives in polygynous marriages. It explores the broader socio-legal context, including the effects of Syrian women's temporary protection status in Turkey, the involvement of marriage brokers, and the complex interplay of consent, coercion, and violence that underpins these marriages.
Key findings underline that both groups of women are subjected to gender-based violence and exploitation within the patriarchal framework of polygyny, yet their experiences and coping strategies are shaped by their differing legal and social standings. Syrian women, often coerced into these marriages as a survival mechanism amidst migration-induced vulnerabilities, face significant legal and social precarity. Turkish women, while legally recognized through civil marriages, grapple with the socio-cultural pressures and threats to their marital and familial stability.
The study employs the feminist standpoint theory approach to analyse the women's narratives, emphasizing the need to consider their diverse backgrounds, legal statuses, and the multifaceted oppressions they endure. This approach reveals the intricate patriarchal bargains that women navigate, leveraging their limited agency within a spectrum of resistance, adaptation, and complicity to patriarchal demands.
Furthermore, the research critically assesses the role of family, ashiret norms, and societal expectations in sustaining polygyny and the hierarchies and tensions it fosters among women within the same household. The Syrian and Turkish women's distinct perspectives on civil marriage versus citizenship highlight the complexities of their aspirations and demands for legal and social recognition and protection.
In conclusion, the paper advocates for a comprehensive understanding of polygynous marriages as a form of gender-based violence, embedded in wider socio-economic and legal inequities exacerbated by forced migration. It calls for targeted social policies and legal reforms that address the root causes of polygyny, prioritize women's rights and security, and challenge the patriarchal structures that perpetuate gender inequalities and violence in the context of migration and beyond.
FULL TEXT: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1iquO-6kqlJeb
The findings of the study were discussed under three main themes denoting that, firstly, many of the gender-based problems faced by Syrian women and the violence they are exposed to are named by the media as marriage. The representation of men, Turkish and Syrian women, are biased; Syrian women are stigmatized as a threat to men and family. Thirdly, the media does not refer to Syrian women as news sources and hence subordinates them. The study deciphered five discursive maneuvers in the masculine discourse of the media that marginalizes immigrant women. For increasing the sensitivity and advocacy capacity of social workers working with immigrants, it is essential to see the discriminatory media discourse towards Syrian women because media plays an active role in shaping the public's perspective and prejudices.
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Suriye göçü sonrası Suriyeli kadınlarla evlilik söyleminin medyada nasıl ele alındığını anlamaya çalışmak ve bu doğrultuda yapılacak sosyal hizmet uygulamalarını ele almaktır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma deseni ile içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerini, 2011 yılı ile 2020 yılları arasında yerel (48 haber) ve ulusal (91 haber) gazetelerde internet haber kanallarında yer alan toplamda 139 yazılı haber oluşturmaktadır. Veriler ATLAS.ti nitel veri analiz programında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları üç ana temada ele alınmıştır: (i) araştırmanın bulgularına göre Suriyeli kadınların karşılaştığı cinsiyet temelli sorunların birçoğu ve maruz bırakıldıkları şiddet medyada kavramsal torba olarak evlilikler üzerinden üstü örtülü bir biçimde ifade edilmektedir; (ii) evliliğin taraflarının temsili temasında, haber içeriklerinde evliliğin taraflarının yanlı temsil edildiği, Suriyeli kadınların “aile birliğini bozan” ve “tehdit” gibi kavramlarla tanımlandığı gösterilmektedir; (iii) haber sunumunda başvurulan kaynaklarda evliliklerin özneleri olarak Suriyeli kadınlara başvurulmadığı kadınların madunlaştırılarak evliliklerin aktarıldığı görülmüştür. Medyadaki eril taraflı dilin göçmen kadınları ötekileştirdiği beş söylemsel manevra deşifre edilmiştir. Kamunun bakış açısını şekillendirmede etkin rol alan medyanın söylemindeki Suriyeli kadınlara yönelecek ayrımcı dili görmek bu bağlamda sosyal hizmette etkili savunuculuk yapabilmek adına önemlidir.
Children’s participation in every area of daily life is necessary not only for accomplishing child rights but also for increasing social well-being. However, how children who are not grown-ups yet can participate in decision-making mechanisms in different medium remains a mystery. In addition, it is even harder to make migrant children who are not familiar with the language and culture of the host country participate. This study aims to discuss children’s right to participation conceptually with a special emphasis on migrant children. Firstly, the study will discuss the concept of participation, determine the dimensions of child participation and explain the concept of ‘ladder of participation’. Then it will provide information about the general situation of migrant children, as well as human rights violations and risks faced by them worldwide and particularly in Turkey and make social policy and social service suggestions concerning the things to be done to increase children’s welfare and participation in the light of this information.
Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to reveal the relation between welfare state, international migration and political discourse that has been shifted from multi-culturalism to far right. It reviews the historical relations between welfare state, capitalism and globalization, ascertains the relations between the contemporary ideological shift and flexible production, capital mobility and globalization of consumption. After discussing the effects of international migration on welfare state and relations between welfare state and migration policy, it will focus on two immigration countries Sweden and Germany as examples of social democrat and conservative welfare state models respectively. The study concludes by discussing the rise of far-right movements in relation to the shrinking of welfare states and precarization of masses, and the conceptual limitation of neoliberal discourse for defining people’s demand for change.
The refugees have been challenging neighbouring states as well as European countries at the junction point of the protection of human rights, costs and the politics of identity. Within this context the relation between the welfare state of the host countries and refugees is very challenging for both sides. It is challenging for the welfare states, which are generally structured to serve to citizens according to different conditionalities mostly depending on work. Moreover, the interaction between people and welfare regimes consists of tricky political aspects including citizenship, gender regimes, kinship regimes, work orientation, family orientation, and also patriarchal or democratic approaches of the states. Migration poses challenges in all these areas. On the other hand, getting in touch with the welfare system - meaning access to shelter, safety, health, education and social aid – is, all in all, a matter of survival for most of the Syrian refugees, who had to flee from their homes and hence have very limited financial and social resources. Whether they are working in public social services and/or NGOs, social workers are the very people who are enabling and also practicing this critical relation. Hence their attitude towards Syrians is very important in the provision of social services and in relating them with the welfare regimes.
This paper analyses the abovementioned welfare systems and the migration challenge through a gender perspective within the example of Syrians in Turkey, and reviews the government’s political response to the ‘Syrian refugee crisis’ in terms of the welfare state and social services. Then it provides some insight into the actual practice via analysing the accounts of social workers dealing with Syrian women in Turkey. The study is qualitative research, based on in-depth interviews with social workers actively working with Syrian women in different civil society organizations as well as with Syrian women in Ankara.
Bu araştırma, Duchenne Musküler Distrofili (DMD'li) bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme sürecinde karşılaştıkları güçlüklerin yanı sıra; bakım yükleri ve aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiselliği ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada tarama modellerinden ''İlişkisel Tarama Modeli'' kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kas Hastalıkları Merkezi'nden ve Türkiye Kas Hastalıkları Derneği İzmir Şubesi'nden 09.12.2019-12.03.2020 tarihleri arasında DMD tanısı nedeni ile hizmet alan hastaların bakımından birinci derece sorumlu olan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 70 aile üyesi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği, Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri ve Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü düzeyinin ''Orta-Hafif'' olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yılmazlık düzeyleri açısından, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin genel olarak ''yılmaz'' oldukları söylenebilmektedir. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü ile aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Ancak; Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri gelişimsel yük alt boyutu ile Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kontrol alt boyutu; duygusal yük alt boyutu ile özyetkinlik ve kontrol alt boyutları arasında negatif yönde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular DMD'li bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükünün azaltılıp yılmazlık düzeylerinin arttırılmasına yönelik sosyal hizmet müdahale ve stratejilerinin ortaya koyulması ihtiyacını ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın alana önemli katkılar sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
his research was carried out in order to reveal the difficulties faced by family members who care for individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) in the process of caregiving, as well as the relationship between caregiver burden and family resilience levels. In this research that has been carried out by quantitative research method, "correlational study model" is used. The research sample includes 70 family members who are primarily responsible for the care of patients receiving treatment for DMD diagnosis and agreed voluntarily to participate from the Neuromuscular Disorders Center of İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital affiliated to the Ministry of Health, and the Izmir Branch of the Neuromuscular Disorders Association of Turkey between 09.12.2019‐12.03.2020. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Caregiver Burden Scale, Caregiver Burden Inventory and Family Resilience Scale are used as data collection tools. Statistical analyses are performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 package program. In the research, caregiver burden of family members who care for a DMD patient is found to be "Moderate‐Mild". In terms of resilience levels, it can be said that family members who care for DMD patients are generally “resilient” individuals. The research found no statistically significant relationship between caregiver burden of family members who care for DMD patients and their family resilience levels. However, a negative relationship is found between the Caregiver Burden Inventory Developmental Burden Subscale and Family Resilience Scale Control Subscale; Emotional Burden Subscale and Self‐efficacy and Control Subscale. The research findings highlight the need for social work interventions and strategies to reduce the caregiver burden of family members who care for individuals with DMD and to increase their level of family resilience. In this context, the research is thought to make significant contributions to the field.
Divorce in Turkey, particularly high-conflict divorce, is complicated by patriarchal norms, societal stigma, and the financial and emotional burden on women. Legislative strides towards gender equality have been undermined by a regressive shift since 2016, culminating in the revocation of the Istanbul Convention in 2021. High-conflict divorces are distinguished by their lengthy, expensive legal battles, heightened tensions, and significant emotional and financial strain on women.
The study uncovers the multifaceted struggles of high-conflict divorced women, including dealing with societal stigma, the financial dependency on men, and the violent repercussions of challenging male dominance. It also emphasizes the critical role of statutory social services, like women's shelters, in supporting these women, yet notes a gap between the available services and the specific needs of those undergoing high-conflict divorces.
Methodologically, the research adopts a feminist standpoint, conducting semi-structured interviews to explore the participants' experiences. The findings reveal the circular nature of the divorce decision process, the pursuit of justice amidst patriarchal biases in the legal system, and the economic and psychological battles faced by the women. The paper argues for a shift from family-centric to individual-centric social policies and services, advocating for gender-sensitive statutory services that address the unique needs of high-conflict divorced women and their children.
In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of high-conflict divorce experiences in Turkey, highlighting the need for improved statutory social services and gender equality policies. It calls for further research and interdisciplinary collaboration to develop support models that address the challenges identified.
The paper delves into the complex dynamics of polygynous marriages in Turkey, involving Syrian refugees and Turkish men, and the consequential impact on gender relations and violence against women.
Despite Turkey's legal prohibition of polygyny since 1926, the practice persists through religious marriages (imam marriage), lacking legal recognition but culturally accepted under certain conditions. The number of cases of polygyny has increased after the forced migration from Syria.
The differential legal status between Syrian and Turkish women in these marriages—Syrians often being in informal unions without legal protections—exacerbates their vulnerability to domestic violence and socio-economic disadvantages.
Drawing on interviews from women in both groups across three Turkish provinces, the paper highlights the shared and distinct challenges faced by Syrian and Turkish wives in polygynous marriages. It explores the broader socio-legal context, including the effects of Syrian women's temporary protection status in Turkey, the involvement of marriage brokers, and the complex interplay of consent, coercion, and violence that underpins these marriages.
Key findings underline that both groups of women are subjected to gender-based violence and exploitation within the patriarchal framework of polygyny, yet their experiences and coping strategies are shaped by their differing legal and social standings. Syrian women, often coerced into these marriages as a survival mechanism amidst migration-induced vulnerabilities, face significant legal and social precarity. Turkish women, while legally recognized through civil marriages, grapple with the socio-cultural pressures and threats to their marital and familial stability.
The study employs the feminist standpoint theory approach to analyse the women's narratives, emphasizing the need to consider their diverse backgrounds, legal statuses, and the multifaceted oppressions they endure. This approach reveals the intricate patriarchal bargains that women navigate, leveraging their limited agency within a spectrum of resistance, adaptation, and complicity to patriarchal demands.
Furthermore, the research critically assesses the role of family, ashiret norms, and societal expectations in sustaining polygyny and the hierarchies and tensions it fosters among women within the same household. The Syrian and Turkish women's distinct perspectives on civil marriage versus citizenship highlight the complexities of their aspirations and demands for legal and social recognition and protection.
In conclusion, the paper advocates for a comprehensive understanding of polygynous marriages as a form of gender-based violence, embedded in wider socio-economic and legal inequities exacerbated by forced migration. It calls for targeted social policies and legal reforms that address the root causes of polygyny, prioritize women's rights and security, and challenge the patriarchal structures that perpetuate gender inequalities and violence in the context of migration and beyond.
FULL TEXT: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1iquO-6kqlJeb
The findings of the study were discussed under three main themes denoting that, firstly, many of the gender-based problems faced by Syrian women and the violence they are exposed to are named by the media as marriage. The representation of men, Turkish and Syrian women, are biased; Syrian women are stigmatized as a threat to men and family. Thirdly, the media does not refer to Syrian women as news sources and hence subordinates them. The study deciphered five discursive maneuvers in the masculine discourse of the media that marginalizes immigrant women. For increasing the sensitivity and advocacy capacity of social workers working with immigrants, it is essential to see the discriminatory media discourse towards Syrian women because media plays an active role in shaping the public's perspective and prejudices.
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Suriye göçü sonrası Suriyeli kadınlarla evlilik söyleminin medyada nasıl ele alındığını anlamaya çalışmak ve bu doğrultuda yapılacak sosyal hizmet uygulamalarını ele almaktır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma deseni ile içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerini, 2011 yılı ile 2020 yılları arasında yerel (48 haber) ve ulusal (91 haber) gazetelerde internet haber kanallarında yer alan toplamda 139 yazılı haber oluşturmaktadır. Veriler ATLAS.ti nitel veri analiz programında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları üç ana temada ele alınmıştır: (i) araştırmanın bulgularına göre Suriyeli kadınların karşılaştığı cinsiyet temelli sorunların birçoğu ve maruz bırakıldıkları şiddet medyada kavramsal torba olarak evlilikler üzerinden üstü örtülü bir biçimde ifade edilmektedir; (ii) evliliğin taraflarının temsili temasında, haber içeriklerinde evliliğin taraflarının yanlı temsil edildiği, Suriyeli kadınların “aile birliğini bozan” ve “tehdit” gibi kavramlarla tanımlandığı gösterilmektedir; (iii) haber sunumunda başvurulan kaynaklarda evliliklerin özneleri olarak Suriyeli kadınlara başvurulmadığı kadınların madunlaştırılarak evliliklerin aktarıldığı görülmüştür. Medyadaki eril taraflı dilin göçmen kadınları ötekileştirdiği beş söylemsel manevra deşifre edilmiştir. Kamunun bakış açısını şekillendirmede etkin rol alan medyanın söylemindeki Suriyeli kadınlara yönelecek ayrımcı dili görmek bu bağlamda sosyal hizmette etkili savunuculuk yapabilmek adına önemlidir.
Children’s participation in every area of daily life is necessary not only for accomplishing child rights but also for increasing social well-being. However, how children who are not grown-ups yet can participate in decision-making mechanisms in different medium remains a mystery. In addition, it is even harder to make migrant children who are not familiar with the language and culture of the host country participate. This study aims to discuss children’s right to participation conceptually with a special emphasis on migrant children. Firstly, the study will discuss the concept of participation, determine the dimensions of child participation and explain the concept of ‘ladder of participation’. Then it will provide information about the general situation of migrant children, as well as human rights violations and risks faced by them worldwide and particularly in Turkey and make social policy and social service suggestions concerning the things to be done to increase children’s welfare and participation in the light of this information.
Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to reveal the relation between welfare state, international migration and political discourse that has been shifted from multi-culturalism to far right. It reviews the historical relations between welfare state, capitalism and globalization, ascertains the relations between the contemporary ideological shift and flexible production, capital mobility and globalization of consumption. After discussing the effects of international migration on welfare state and relations between welfare state and migration policy, it will focus on two immigration countries Sweden and Germany as examples of social democrat and conservative welfare state models respectively. The study concludes by discussing the rise of far-right movements in relation to the shrinking of welfare states and precarization of masses, and the conceptual limitation of neoliberal discourse for defining people’s demand for change.
The refugees have been challenging neighbouring states as well as European countries at the junction point of the protection of human rights, costs and the politics of identity. Within this context the relation between the welfare state of the host countries and refugees is very challenging for both sides. It is challenging for the welfare states, which are generally structured to serve to citizens according to different conditionalities mostly depending on work. Moreover, the interaction between people and welfare regimes consists of tricky political aspects including citizenship, gender regimes, kinship regimes, work orientation, family orientation, and also patriarchal or democratic approaches of the states. Migration poses challenges in all these areas. On the other hand, getting in touch with the welfare system - meaning access to shelter, safety, health, education and social aid – is, all in all, a matter of survival for most of the Syrian refugees, who had to flee from their homes and hence have very limited financial and social resources. Whether they are working in public social services and/or NGOs, social workers are the very people who are enabling and also practicing this critical relation. Hence their attitude towards Syrians is very important in the provision of social services and in relating them with the welfare regimes.
This paper analyses the abovementioned welfare systems and the migration challenge through a gender perspective within the example of Syrians in Turkey, and reviews the government’s political response to the ‘Syrian refugee crisis’ in terms of the welfare state and social services. Then it provides some insight into the actual practice via analysing the accounts of social workers dealing with Syrian women in Turkey. The study is qualitative research, based on in-depth interviews with social workers actively working with Syrian women in different civil society organizations as well as with Syrian women in Ankara.
Bu araştırma, Duchenne Musküler Distrofili (DMD'li) bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme sürecinde karşılaştıkları güçlüklerin yanı sıra; bakım yükleri ve aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiselliği ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada tarama modellerinden ''İlişkisel Tarama Modeli'' kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kas Hastalıkları Merkezi'nden ve Türkiye Kas Hastalıkları Derneği İzmir Şubesi'nden 09.12.2019-12.03.2020 tarihleri arasında DMD tanısı nedeni ile hizmet alan hastaların bakımından birinci derece sorumlu olan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 70 aile üyesi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği, Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri ve Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü düzeyinin ''Orta-Hafif'' olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yılmazlık düzeyleri açısından, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin genel olarak ''yılmaz'' oldukları söylenebilmektedir. Araştırmamızda, DMD hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükü ile aile yılmazlık düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Ancak; Bakım Verenlerin Yükü Envanteri gelişimsel yük alt boyutu ile Aile Yılmazlık Ölçeği kontrol alt boyutu; duygusal yük alt boyutu ile özyetkinlik ve kontrol alt boyutları arasında negatif yönde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular DMD'li bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım verme yükünün azaltılıp yılmazlık düzeylerinin arttırılmasına yönelik sosyal hizmet müdahale ve stratejilerinin ortaya koyulması ihtiyacını ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın alana önemli katkılar sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
his research was carried out in order to reveal the difficulties faced by family members who care for individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) in the process of caregiving, as well as the relationship between caregiver burden and family resilience levels. In this research that has been carried out by quantitative research method, "correlational study model" is used. The research sample includes 70 family members who are primarily responsible for the care of patients receiving treatment for DMD diagnosis and agreed voluntarily to participate from the Neuromuscular Disorders Center of İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital affiliated to the Ministry of Health, and the Izmir Branch of the Neuromuscular Disorders Association of Turkey between 09.12.2019‐12.03.2020. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Caregiver Burden Scale, Caregiver Burden Inventory and Family Resilience Scale are used as data collection tools. Statistical analyses are performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 package program. In the research, caregiver burden of family members who care for a DMD patient is found to be "Moderate‐Mild". In terms of resilience levels, it can be said that family members who care for DMD patients are generally “resilient” individuals. The research found no statistically significant relationship between caregiver burden of family members who care for DMD patients and their family resilience levels. However, a negative relationship is found between the Caregiver Burden Inventory Developmental Burden Subscale and Family Resilience Scale Control Subscale; Emotional Burden Subscale and Self‐efficacy and Control Subscale. The research findings highlight the need for social work interventions and strategies to reduce the caregiver burden of family members who care for individuals with DMD and to increase their level of family resilience. In this context, the research is thought to make significant contributions to the field.
Bu araştırmanın temel meselesi, engelli bakım hizmetlerinin ister kurumda ister evde olsun karmaşık ve toplumsal cinsiyetle örülü bir bakım süreci olmasıdır. Alanda bakım emeğinin nasıl cinsiyetlendiğini ve kadın emeğinin engelli bakım alanındaki kullanım koşullarının neler olduğunu ortaya çıkartma çabası:
• hizmetin verilmesinden doğrudan sorumlu olan elemanların bakım sürecine yaklaşımlarının, beklentilerinin, sorunlarının ve çalışma koşullarının ve bu özel bakım emeğinin süreçlerinin incelenmesini,
• sürecin bütününe yönelik bilimsel veri üretilmesini,
• ve böylelikle hizmetin kendisine dair bütüncül değerlendirmeler yapılmasını sağlayacaktır.
Elde edilen bulgular, bu alandaki istihdamın ve bakım hizmetinin kalitesinin arttırılması için politika oluşturulması sürecine katkı sağlayacaktır.
This book is an attempt to contribute to the literature by reflecting on the less discussed side of the matter: countering human trafficking. It concen- trates on the global fight against human trafficking with a Bourdieusian per- spective and offers an account of the construction of the counter-trafficking field, which produces shared norms and ideas and a shared approach to issues as a social problem, and produces a ‘global stance’ of counter-traffick- ing despite the variety of experience. It investigates counter-trafficking as a transnational field and tries to show how connected stances against a ‘global social problem’—transnational policies—are produced internationally in general and nationally in particular, using the example of three countries which are defined with different positions according to the phenomenon: Ukraine as a ‘source country’, Turkey as a ‘transit and destination country’, and Germany as a ‘destination country’. The study examines the relation between the structure of the field and the produced discourses and policies within the construction of counter-trafficking and proposes the concept of ideological closure.
a. Assessing needs in the field: identification of the profile, problems and needs of migrant children,
b. Assessing gaps in implementation: identification of services currently provided for migrant children and challenges faced in the process.
Both qualitative and quantitative data have been used in the research. A total of 87 interviews were carried out with the authorities in relevant ministries, public agencies and local administrations (18 interviews), experts in international organizations and NGOs in the field (37 interviews) and migrant children and their families coming from Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Congo, Somalia, Ghana, Chechnya and Armenia (32 interviews). Existing statistical data obtained from relevant state bodies have also been analysed.
Çalışma iki odakta yürütülmüştür:
a. Var olan sistemde göçmen çocuklara sunulanların tespiti
b. Göçmen çocukların profili, sorunları ve ihtiyaçlarının tespiti
Alan araştırmasında hem göçmenler hem de uzmanlardan elde edilen bilgiler bir araya getirilerek analiz edilmiş, böylelikle alandaki ihtiyaçlarla sistemdeki boşlukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, insan hakları kriterleri temel alınarak, alan araştırması ile tespit edilen ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda, farklı ülkelerdeki iyi uygulamalar da göz önünde bulundurularak ve alandaki uzman görüşlerinin desteği ile Türkiye özelinde göçmen çocuklara yönelik çocuk dostu sosyal politika ve somut uygulama önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma hem göç politikasının karar vericilerine ve uygulayıcılarına öneriler sunarak yardımcı olma, hem de Türkiye’deki göçmen çocukların yaşam standartlarını iyileştirme çabasıdır.