Dirasat Islamiyah

The Sufi experience of 'passing away' (fana) is the most critical and serious theory tabled by the Sufis their introductions and innovations in this stages of path. In this regard, adheres of pantheism, infusion and union with god, thereby, laced their doctrine and creed. They used the definitions of collection (el-jam'), prevention (el-man'), differentiation (el-farq) and intoxication (el-sukr), etc. It, also, attracted the attention of the Sufi Sunnis and they previewed, considered and analyzed it. Many Sufis namely Hamzah Fansuri, Nafis al-Banjari wrote books in Arabic or in Indonesian on passing away (extinction or fana), which is closely related to the doctrine of union with god (itihad), infusion (hulul) and pantheism (wihdat 'l-wujud). Some Islamic scholars (Ulemas) regard them as infringements of Islam, accusing believes of such teaching of being profane, pagan and atheistic. Moreover, this fore-mentioned doctrine resembles, as far, similar theories in Hinduism which the Indonesians embraced before the advent of Islam to these lands. According to al-Fansuri and al-Banjari's perception that Sharia tenets and obligations could be discarded by the person who reaches a certain degree of knowledge (ma'rifa) and 'passing away' (fana) becomes liberated from the Sharia tenets and obligations such as 'zakat', or 'shalat' or 'pilgrimage', etc., which are imposed in Moslems and to which they abide. All Sufis such as Abi Sahl el-Tustary, Aby Yazid, el-Junaid, and el-Ghazali denied this theory of 'passing away' (fana) and considered it as a misleading and corrupting heresy. They advised every person taking to the path of Sufis to abide to Sharia tenets and impositions avoiding religious taboos and inhibitions. They should embrace the belief that they will not have an access to the end of the Path as long as they do not comply closely with Sharia. Konsep Fana dalam Warisan Sufi Indonesia Abstrak: Pengalaman Fana dianggap sebagai konsep yang mengkhawatirkan ketika dijadikan sebagai salah satu anak tangga perjalanan spritual sufi. Dari sini terdapat kaitan yang erat antara konsep fana sufi dengan pantheisme, dan teori titisan Tuhan. Untuk itu, beberapa istilah seperti koleksi (el-jam'), prevensi (el-man'), diferensasi (el-farq) dan intoksikasi (el-sukr) cukup dikenal di kalangan mereka. Ini pula sebabnya, kenapa dapat menarik perhatian sejumlah Sufi Suni, bahkan menganalisa dan mengkritisinya.