SENASOFIA PLUS

COURSE: Computer-Aided Basic Design of Textile Products (OPTITEX).

TEACHER: MONICA LUCIA BEDOLLA RODRIGUEZ
MY NAME: BETSSY MARQUEZ
RAP ACTIVITY 1
Do you consider it convenient to involve computer-aided design in the processes of
pattern-making, scaling and tracing of clothing molds? Why? importance or relevance of
involving technology in the clothing design process.

It is important to involve computer-aided design in textile production processes, because

it helps us minimize production costs; because it simplifies the time and even the accuracy of
the patterns, which helps to have more confidence in the line when cutting. Furthermore, it is
very important that when creating new designs we can see them from the computer and if there
are any details of modification before printing the line, the pertinent corrections can be made.
One could even say that it also helps the company save on hiring personnel by using the
benefits of technology.

Advantages of using specialized software for computer-aided design

in the fashion industry compared to traditional manual development
methods

Among the different design software that we can find on the market we have:

Pattern Maker
Pattern Master
Optitex
My Pattern Designer 2.0
Garmert Designer
Dress Shop Pro 7

Among the advantages that we can find in the use of specialized software we have:

- Improve design capabilities

- Simplify the design process
- Avoid trial and error
- Improve sewing times
- The delivery time of the product is planned, allowing punctuality in it.
- It facilitates the creative processes and the development of the activities involved from
the design, tracing and cutting of the garment.
Timeline where you use images and text to describe the evolution of
the textile and fashion industry throughout history, emphasizing the
revolutionary elements that facilitated its development and evolution.
Evolution of the textile industry
At the beginning of the 18th century, the manufacture of fabrics was the branch of industry that
absorbed the largest amount of labor. The preparation of thread, using the spindle and the
distaff, and the weaving, carried out with hand looms, required many hours of work to make a
piece of cloth. Starting in the 16th century, England became an important producer of wool
fabrics, which were, in part, exported. But from the beginning of the 18th century, English
merchants dedicated themselves to importing printed cotton fabrics from India, which sold very
well in several European countries. They soon began to consider the possibility of
manufacturing cotton fabrics comparable to Indian ones in Great Britain. The raw material, raw
cotton, could be imported from America, but the real problem was manufacturing the thread.
There was no technique available to produce thread as fine as that of Indian products.

Since the old artisanal system was not suitable for manufacturing the cotton thread that was
needed, starting in 1760, prizes began to be offered to those who invented a mechanism that
allowed for the production of a lot of cotton thread in a short time. The first mechanical spinning
machine was invented in 1764 by Heargraves: the spinning-jenny. It was made up of a manually
operated mechanism that was neither very large nor very expensive. The first spinning-jennies
that operated in Great Britain only had eight spindles. The woman who spun by hand could only
move a spindle, to operate a spinning-jenny the work of a single man helped by three or four
children was enough . Around the year 1800, about 100,000 people worked in cotton textile
factories in Great Britain in spinning and 250,000 in weaving. At the beginning of the 19th
century, 40 percent of English holdings were weaving .
SPINNIG-JENNY MECHANISM COTTON INDUSTRY 18TH CENTURY

Since 1830, the railroad facilitated the transportation of raw materials (cotton from India, Egypt,
the United States, etc.) to industrial centers. And in the same way the exploitation of the product
was facilitated. Other European territories, such as France, Belgium, Holland, some areas of
Germany, Northern Italy, Catalonia... became important centers of the textile industry, following
the English model: mechanization of production, supremacy of the cotton industry on the wool
mill, decrease in the price of fabrics, etc.

Currently, the advancement of technology has helped the textile industry by incorporating
synthetic fabrics, facilitating the transportation of material, creating new machines with computer
management for efficiency, optimizing raw materials and manufacturing time, as well as the
advancement of studies to the specialization of people in fashion and textile design.

Evolution of the 20th century fashion industry

Without underestimating the previous centuries, it can be emphasized that although
changes occurred in clothing at Raves of the time were not as explosive as in the 20th
century. Each decade of this century has shown significant changes and it could be said that
designers developed creative art in an impressive way to be able to capture, both in fabrics and
trends, the expression of a rapidly changing world. Just as we can also say that wars and social
revolutions brought changes to the fashion industry. Women have been the most important icon
in the changes since, due to political and social restrictions, the first change in clothing was
imposed, disappearing the “S” silhouette corset (a shape that was achieved thanks to tighter
and more uncomfortable corsets). that pushed the bust upwards and moved the organs
downwards, putting health in danger, as it caused difficulty breathing and the deformation of
important vital organs) and thus returning the natural silhouette. The skirts that began to be
worn in this decade were tight at the hips and widened in the shape of a bell until they reached
the floor and did not reveal the shoes. The dresses had the same shape. As the years passed,
small modifications could arise in the sleeves, decorations or neckline, but the shape of the skirt
did not undergo major changes throughout the decade.

Men, for their part, found certain changes in their clothing, influenced by Edwardian
fashion, which had its emergence in the death of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1901) and
the succession of her son Edward, who immediately became an elite fashion leader due to his
great love of traveling. Some restrictions apply to this style on the use of the tuxedo, especially
in American etiquette rules. Here are some of the clothes that were worn with this style.
 Illustrated elegant fashion, February 14, 1905.

1910-1920

Here we are already beginning to notice considerable changes. Firstly due to the influence of
designers like Poiret whose ideas and new designs revolutionized the world of fashion in a short
time and on the other hand due to the large-scale event that marked the second half of the
decade: The First World War, I must say. that this event was incredibly important for society and
the way of dressing of the people of the time since it allowed the power of the aristocracy to be
completely abolished in this field and was the perfect watershed for the entry of fresh ideas and
feminist movements that would end having great influence during the roaring twenties that we
will talk about later.

In 1914, Mary Phelps patented the bra. She got the idea from her maid, who gave her an option
not to wear a corset at a party she was attending. At the end of the First World War, a Russian
woman named Ida Rosenthal measured the chests and backs of a hundred women, creating a
sizing system that is still effective today. For these dates the skirts stop having a flare and they
begin to be worn very close to the body and an overskirt at knee height begins to be worn in
order to give flight to the more fitted dresses. We can also find the leading brands of sports
clothing, although initially it is designed only for people who like to practice skating, skiing or
tennis.
 Fashion Magazine, September 1913.

1920-1930

To be considered modern girls, women had to wear the boyish haircut, but men did not accept
this fashion. In this decade the objective was provocation. Knee-length skirts and loose dresses
without marking the waist were launched on the catwalks. As for makeup, it began to be used in
abundance, with strong lipsticks and dark eyes, sometimes exaggerated. The hair was worn
short. Coco Chanel set the trends.

1930-1940
The ideal of beauty at this time did not demand too much, women had to be thin, feminine, with
an athletic and well-groomed appearance. The French couturier Coco Chanel added a piece of
clothing to women's wardrobe that remains to this day; but at the time it was for exclusive use
by men: pants .

The comfortable and practical style introduced by Coco Chanel represented the feminine
revolution and the economy that had to resurface in times of recession. For this reason, simpler
and more economical materials were introduced to make the garments. Since that moment, the
fashion and textile manufacturing industry has been one of the most important industries in the
world, achieving unmatched turnover figures.
Now heavy makeup was considered vulgar. Vaseline was widely used to give a natural shine to
the eyelids and very discreet makeup was applied. The clothes once again mark the women's
figure in an elegant way and many bare backs are seen. Movie stars were imitated.

1940-1950
A decade in which women were required not to abandon themselves, to be competent at work
and very energetic but without leaving the feminine part aside and in private life to be extremely
understanding. These were times of war (remember that the 2nd began in '39 and ended in '45)
and women had to “adjust” to the situation. The garments were made with the minimum
possible fabric to save costs, some were used for day and night, the look was militarized, and
the use of accessories was used to “renew” the clothes. Jewelry, gloves, blonde hair, lots of
makeup, glamor and extravagance. It didn't matter that the woman looked artificial, the point
was to stand out. Christian Dior, Valentino and Givenchy did their thing .
The prototype of women in this decade was adult and sensual, hard-working but without ever
losing femininity. Jacket suits were worn (imitating military ones) with shoulder pads and belts
and skirts with pleats and pleats.
 CRISTIAN DIOR 1940

FASHION MAGAZINES OF THE PERIOD

1960-2010 ARE THE MOST INFLUENTIAL DECADES ON CURRENT

TRENDS.

1960-1970

As a consequence of the Vietnam War, young people rebelled to promote peace. They
went against the capimo and that meant not following fashions, so they dressed in a simple and
country way. But not all of them were hippies. Miniskirts arrived to emphasize the legs with go-
go boots. A decade in which all modern and independent women wanted to demonstrate these
issues by cutting their hair with a famous cut imposed by Mary Quant (nicknamed the queen of
the miniskirt) which consisted of a “mushroom” hairstyle as used by the Beatles.

The ideal of the decade was not to show feminine attributes or curves, but, on the
contrary, to look like nymphs who showed their childish side as a game of seduction. The
artificiality of the 50s had been left aside. The stilettos and excessive makeup were no longer
used. Lipstick was frowned upon, only a little gloss was allowed to simulate the humidity of
children's mouths. For the eyes, anything that could help make them bigger like those of girls
was worth it. The greatest exponent of this boyish look was Twiggy, who achieved pop star
status. Flowers were a symbol of youth, like Mary Quant's daisy, which was seen in plastic
ornaments or printed fabrics. A time when there was euphoria for the future and space, made
the color white and silver all the rage. Both the clothes and the makeup seemed to come
directly from space.

1970-1980
Until then, the ideal of beauty was the one that was more or less accepted by everyone.
Suddenly in the 70s it was a topic of long discussions. For some it was the Hippie ideal,
extremely natural, for others the artificial and brilliant one of rock stars, for others the
revolutionary attitude of guerrillas and social outcasts.
Working women were the first to adopt the natural look, implying that their work was more
important than their appearance. They showed a careful and natural appearance, with little
makeup and soft colors. The airy hairstyles in the Charlie's Angels style were the most imitated.
The body had to look naturally sexy and sporty, weight loss products were a commercial
success. The trend towards naturalness gained the acceptance of the Afro look, so many
women tried to copy this look by perming it. On the other hand, in the discotheques and
nightclubs it was a different story; to stay in these places, radiance and shine were required
everywhere. This reflected the feminine fragility that often caused them to go from one extreme
to the other.

For this time the use of elephant boot pants was the most representative. The colors and
designs were influenced by the contribution of music or movies. Saturday Night Fever was one
of the films that exemplified the fashion style.

Classics of the time were the very high and exaggerated platform shoes.
1980-1990

A decade where style was no longer limited to just makeup, hair and accessories. In
1980, fashion brought very positive changes. The new style was characterized by the wearing
of visible underwear, either over a T-shirt, under a transparent T-shirt, or visible lace
suspenders. This new fashion was highly controversial since this had never been seen in the
past; This was synonymous with liberation for women, since in the past wearing underwear like
this made them look like a disheveled woman. Thanks to this trend, today's women can wear
comfortable T-shirts without having to worry about transparency or bra straps.
The most emblematic pieces of the decade were the loose, colorful T-shirts, often
printed and with large shoulder pads; also tight pants; vests, straight skirts and miniskirts.
Women climbed into high-heeled shoes and wore lots of bracelets. The hairstyles abounded in
curlers, bangs and bangs, the makeup was ornate. Jeans were also protagonists because the
pre-wash treatments made them look bleached and chic. Lingerie was also acquiring an
important place in fashion.
The use of colors was varied, although black and white had their big moment.
Luxury and ostentation were felt through haute couture and by some designers such as
Christian Lacroix, who reflected the elitist meaning of fashion. Calvin Klein and Giorgio Armani
were in charge of dressing women perfectly for work. The Punk style influenced men with the
use of earrings and the New Wave musical genre glorified leather bracelets and studs.
Madonna imposed her style with skirts, fishnet stockings, leggings, crucifix tops, fingerless
gloves and rhinestone chains, Michael Jackson popularized jackets, leather pants and the use
of zippers.

You had to be in shape and show yourself, therefore, working with the body was an aspiration
to the lines of the supermodels that were beginning to emerge, setting trends. In these years,
gym clothing, light and informal, such as leggings, leggings and headbands of multiple colors, is
very widespread.
1990-2000

Like the 80s, the 90s began with a lot of glamour, especially because of the Top Models,
who made a great contribution by becoming stars and were idolized as if they were goddesses.
In the 90s, women were overwhelmed by the demands of powerful “working women” and
began to think that to obtain good results they had to be tall, slender and seductive. A time of
crisis that could not offer much also left aside the supermodels who were extremely expensive
and for a bankrupt textile industry. Soon a countercurrent began to emerge: Grunge had
arrived, showing an anti-fashion phenomenon, with disheveled and poorly combined women.
This movement did not last long, but nevertheless deconstructivism endured in fashion.

After this, natural freshness returned to fashion. Women had to look as natural as when
they had just come out of the shower, the discreet appearance was the most accepted. In the
90s, fashion became casual. People were tired of production and entered into a time of
relaxation. The demands of the modern era led people to feel more lazy, perhaps, when doing
other things like producing. For this reason, 1990s fashion is very characteristic and we can
identify the 90s with such clarity. However, 90s fashion was based on variety and not on a
specific, long-lasting trend. This need to become casual had to do with the need to express our
individuality. After many years of trends and fashions, people came to the conclusion that they
were not expressing themselves freely. 1990s fashion is about wearing what makes you feel
comfortable, without giving much importance to other people's opinions or trends. Casual
clothing thus became the fashion of the 90s, and, although it may sound ironic, if you produced
a lot or wore a lot of makeup, you were out of fashion. However, in the middle of the decade,
people began to care a lot about expressing their individuality and forgot about casual clothing.
Once again new eccentric designs began to appear and the fashion of the 1990s underwent
new modifications. Piercings, tattoos, hair dyeing were the new, very common fashion trends of
the 1990s.
FASHIONXXI CENTURY

2000-2010
Fashion is cyclical, far from offering us new things, fashion was actually retrospective and has
brought with it a return to previous decades.
In the early 2000s, low-rise jean pants, flip flops and tops took over the world. In the
case of low-rise pants, this became popular among women, but also among men. Little by little,
pants above the waist were no longer produced and the new models were at hip or semi-hip
height. This, in the case of women, to reveal their stomach and back. During the summer
season, short dresses and low-cut polo shirts were very fashionable, especially among
teenagers. For its part, among men, the fashion for wide-leg pants popularized in the '90s by
rap and hip hop lovers resurfaced. Inspired by these rhythms, new styles emerged such as
reggaeton, which brought with them their own clothing, but very similar to that of rappers.
Likewise, Gothic fashion was adopted by various groups such as punks, funkies and
emos, with the presence of the color black in their clothing and makeup. The eighties also
returned with a vengeance, especially among younger women.

The Oxford pants that were fashionable forty years ago, successfully resurfaced, as well as
miniskirts, floaty skirts and jeans with slits and worn looks.
Some clothing worn by hippies also became popular, such as cool colored African or Jamaican
outfits. But these were not the only trends that returned with a more stylized look. The Gangsta
and punk look, for example, mixed elements with Heavy Metal and others. There we have the
polo shirts and t-shirts with logos of musical bands, although without leaving aside the clothing
made of leather and leatherette. Lace, so fashionable in previous decades for its sweet and
delicate appearance, once again dazzled young girls. Thus, skirts woven from organza and tulle
appeared, as well as openwork brocade corsets, as well as lace linings. Flower prints on black
backgrounds were also a trend that became popular along with the printing of various details on
dresses. The seventies, for their part, also seem to have returned with heart, feather and
psychedelic prints on today's garments. Gabardine shorts, hooded polo shirts and chiffon
dresses with layers in pastel colors are some of the current trends, but they have their
inspiration in what was fashion in the sixties.
2010- TO DATE

Several very positive elements can be seen today in the field of fashion. First of all, it is
practically available to everyone; There is greater freedom than in other times to choose
clothing; The fashion industry currently has considerable prestige.
Outerwear generally includes clothing items such as sweaters, coats, jeans jacket,
leather jacket, hooded jacket. These garments are worn to protect the body from the cold or
purely for style. The raw materials used are: wool, leather, cotton, acrylic. These garments have
a variety of fashionable designs and colors with pattern work and embroidery. The trends for
skirts and dresses will be in a balloon finish, using a lot of transparency for good dressing as
well as lace that adapts to all types of ages.
You can also see large and showy necklaces with elegant stones or pearls for the night.
All types of clothing, whether pants, dresses or skirts, should be close to the body, acting as if it
were a second skin, very sexy and flattering only to those people who have slender bodies.