Lengua Adicional Al Espanol III

Lengua Adicional
al Español III
Tercer semestre
La Patria (1962),
Jorge González Camarena.
Esta obra ilustró la portada

de los primeros libros de
texto. Hoy la reproducimos
aquí para mostrarte lo
que entonces era una
aspiración: que estos
libros estuvieran entre
los legados que la Patria
deja a sus hijos.
Estimada, estimado estudiante del Telebachillerato Comunitario, este libro

fue elaborado pensando en ti, forma parte de una colección que incluye
todas las asignaturas del plan y los programas de estudio.
En su elaboración participaron profesionales y especialistas en distintas

disciplinas, quienes tomaron en cuenta tus necesidades e inquietudes. En
estos libros hallarás contenidos y actividades que contribuirán a que logres
un mejor desempeño ahora que cursas la Educación Media Superior.
Tenemos la certeza de que con los materiales didácticos del Telebachillerato

Comunitario, con el apoyo de tus maestras, maestros y con tu propio
esfuerzo, tendrás un mejor aprovechamiento escolar y contribuirás al
bienestar de tu comunidad y de México.
Te deseamos éxito en esta importante etapa de tu formación.
Distribución gratuita, prohibida su venta

Lengua Adicional
al Español III
Telebachillerato Comunitario.
Tercer Semestre. Lengua adicional al español III
Secretaría de Educación Pública

Emilio Chuayffet Chemor
Subsecretaría de Educación Media Superior

Rodolfo Tuirán Gutiérrez
Dirección General del Bachillerato

Carlos Santos Ancira
Autor
Maricruz Torres Armenta
Asesoría académica
José Pedro Cortés Xiqui
Maritza Sosa Ameneyro
Vanessa Alejandra Valadez Gutiérrez
Diseño y diagramación
Gloria Hatziri Aguilar González
Asesoría técnico-pedagógica
Dirección de Coordinación Académica
D.R. Secretaría de Educación Pública. 2015

Argentina 28, Centro, 06020, México, D.F.
ISBN: 978-607-8229-86-4
Impreso en México
Tabla
Tabladedecontenido
contenido
Lengua adicional al español III
Presentación general ..................................................... 5
Prefacio ..................................................................... 6
¿Cómo está estructurado este libro? ................................... 8
¿Cuál es el propósito de esta asignatura? ............................. 12
¿Cómo organizaré mi estudio? .......................................... 13
Block I.
Describing situations of cause and effect
Zero Conditional ........................................................................ ... 19
Wh question words...................................................................... ... 29
Vocabulary ............................................................................... ... 33
First conditional ......................................................................... ... 45
Modals of possibility .................................................................... ... 50
Block II.
Comparing habits and customs from different societies
Customs and habits ........................................................................ 72
Vocabulary .................................................................................. 76
Used to ..................................................................................... 84
More vocabulary modals of possibility .................................................. 103
Block III.
Describing activities that took place in the past
Festivals .................................................................................. .. 129
Narrative texts .......................................................................... .. 137
Writing a narrative text ................................................................ .. 138
Past Continuous ......................................................................... .. 143
When – while............................................................................. .. 144
Connectors ............................................................................... .. 150
Block IV.
Making requests and giving instructions.
Phrasal verbs............................................................................. .. 174
Vocabulary ............................................................................... .. 184
Object pronouns ........................................................................ .. 196
Modal verbs can, could and may ..................................................... .. 205
Presentación general
Presentación general
El aprendizaje de un idioma cobra sentido cuando se comparte, cuando eres capaz
de aplicar lo poco o mucho que has aprendido en situaciones reales de la vida.
Para algunas personas, hablar un segundo idioma implica simplemente una

posición social, un logro o un indicador de estatus o prestigio. Pero la gran mayoría
de personas que han utilizado el idioma como un puente de comunicación con otros,
como una manera para reconocer que la humanidad es una y que cada cultura y
persona es valiosa por ella misma, obtiene el enriquecimiento personal, cultural,
laboral y social que se logra con la apertura a otro idioma.
La propuesta de este libro es la enseñanza de la lengua basada en un enfoque

comunicativo por medio de la cooperación, ya que, como dice Casal, S. (2005) en su
libro Enseñanza del inglés: aplicaciones del aprendizaje cooperativo, “la cooperación
entendida como intercambio de ideas, aclaraciones y ayuda relacionada con la tarea,
facilita que el alumno comprenda y asimile la información como suya”. Por tal motivo,
en este libro se pretende lograr que el aprendizaje se realice de manera compartida
y que favorezca el desarrollo por competencias, entre las que se encuentran las
comunicativas, entendidas como la capacidad de saber qué decir, a quién y cómo
decirlo de manera apropiada en cualquier situación.
Es importante resaltar que este libro te permitirá integrar aprendizajes de distintas

áreas, así como desarrollar tus competencias comunicativas para aplicarlas en tu
vida diaria y en tu contexto de manera vivencial. La asignatura de Lengua adicional
al español III se ubica en el tercer semestre del plan de estudio del nivel educativo
del bachillerato general, que ha establecido la Secretaría de Educación Pública
(SEP) y tiene como antecedente las asignaturas Lengua adicional al español I y
II, y las asignaturas Lengua extranjera de la educación básica (secundaria). A la
vez, es previa a Lengua adicional al español IV. En esta asignatura se promueve,
además, la práctica de las competencias adquiridas en los semestres previos y de
las asignaturas referidas, además de Taller de lectura y redacción II, Ética y valores
e Informática.
5
5
Prefacio
Estimado estudiante, el libro que tienes en tus manos fue elaborado pensando en
ti, en tus necesidades e inquietudes, como un instrumento que te apoye ahora que
estudias el bachillerato. En sus páginas encontrarás contenidos y actividades que
son fundamentales para que, paso a paso, puedas alcanzar las metas que esta
asignatura te propone para este semestre.
A ti te toca, ahora, sacarle el mayor provecho a este libro, que es fruto del esfuerzo
de un grupo de profesores y especialistas. Si lo haces tu amigo, lo aprovechas al
máximo y lo combinas con el apoyo de tu maestro y de los demás recursos didácticos
que están a tu alcance, seguramente ampliarás tus competencias y habilidades
para construir un mejor futuro para ti, y contribuir al desarrollo de tu comunidad, de
tu estado y de nuestro México.
Te deseamos éxito en esta importante etapa de tu formación, el bachillerato.

Presentación
Presentacióngeneral
general
¿Qué es una competencia?
En el ámbito educativo, una competencia se define como “la integración de

habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes en un contexto específico” (Acuerdo 442,
Secretaría de Educación Pública, 2008). En el bachillerato general se busca
consolidar y diversificar los aprendizajes y desempeños, ampliando y profundizando
el desarrollo de competencias genéricas.
Las competencias genéricas que se desarrollarán en el presente texto, se enuncian

a continuación:
Generic competencies Characteristic
1. Knows and values her/

himself and deals with
• Faces the difficulties and is conscious of her/
problems and challenges
his values, strengths and weakness.
taking into consideration
the goals she/he has.
• Expresses ideas and concepts using linguistic,
graphic and mathematic representations.
4. Listens and expresses • Identifies the principal ideas in a text or speech
appropriate messages in and can make conclusions from them.
different contexts, using • Speaks in a second language in daily situa-
adequate means codes tions.
and tools. • uses Information and Communication Tech-
nologies in order to get and express her/his
ideas.
7. Learns by personal initia-
• Defines goals and keeps monitoring her/his
tive and interest through
own process of knowledge construction.
her/his life.
• Expresses her/his points of view and take into
8. Takes part and contribu- account those of other persons
tes effectively in different • Is responsible of a constructive attitude, co-
groups. herent with her/his knowledge and abilities in
different work groups.
10. Keeps a respectful atti-
tude towards intercultu- • Assumes that respect of diversity is the princi-
rality, and the diversity of ple of assimilation and social harmony in local,
values, beliefs, ideas and national and international contexts.
social practices
77
¿Cómo está estructurado este libro?
Inicio de cada bloque

Cada bloque comienza con el título y una breve introducción en donde se indica de
qué trata y cómo vas a trabajar.
Posteriormente se enuncian las competencias genéricas a desarrollar con sus

respectivos atributos y las competencias disciplinares básicas que se favorecerán
en el bloque. Las competencias marcan el camino de lo que vas a aprender y los
resultados a obtener.
Asimismo, se presenta el propósito del bloque, es decir, las metas y los desempeños
que esperamos logres.
3DUD LGHQWL¿FDU TXp WDQWR VDEHV GHO WHPD \ FXiOHV VRQ ODV iUHDV SRU PHMRUDU VH
propone una evaluación diagnóstica que además te permitirá conocer tu nivel en las
competencias a desarrollar.
8
¿Cómoestá
¿Cómo estáestructurado
estructuradoeste
estelibro?
libro?
Desarrollo del bloque

En esta parte se desarrolla el contenido general y disciplinar que se pretende alcanzar
en el bloque. Las actividades propuestas te permitirán acercarte activamente al uso
del inglés como lengua adicional de una manera compartida. Los temas propuestos
buscan ponerte en contacto con diferentes realidades de tu comunidad, de México
y de otras partes del mundo.
A lo largo del bloque se intercalan estrategias de aprendizaje, ejercicios de aplicación y

evaluación, como definición de conceptos, descripción de imágenes, lluvia de ideas,
elaboración de ejemplos, sopa de letras, completar tablas gramaticales, lectura de
textos y ejercicios de comprensión lectora, discusión dirigida, representaciones
teatrales, entrevistas, conversación en pareja y en pequeños grupos, redacción de
textos, reflexiones individuales y grupales, entre otras. Seguramente encontrarás
nuevos términos y conceptos gramaticales que permitirán que sigas enriqueciendo
y practicando tu nivel de inglés.
Para enriquecer tu aprendizaje, encontrarás la sección Did you know that. Este
apartado permitirá que tu conocimiento general se amplíe y que reflexiones sobre
diferentes aspectos de tu vida personal.
Es importante mencionar que en el desarrollo de bloque encontrarás varios formatos

de evaluación entre ellos las rúbricas y las listas de cotejo, que te permitirán reflexionar
sobre tus avances y poner los medios necesarios para que tu aprendizaje y desarrollo
de competencias, tanto genéricas, como disciplinares, no se vea truncado.
9
9
¿Cómo está estructuradoeste este
libro? libro?
Simbología que facilitará

tu proceso de aprendizaje
Diseño instruccional:
Apply what you have learned
What do you know?

(Previous knowledge and competen-
cies)
Learn more
Practice what you’re learning
Activity
Apoyos para reforzar el aprendizaje:
Glossary
Reflect on the previous activity
Did you know that...
Personal reflection
Optional activity
10
10
¿Cómoestá
estructuradoeste
estelibro?
libro?
Cierre del bloque

Al terminar cada bloque, se presenta la evaluación final como una actividad
integradora de las cuatro habilidades comunicativas (comprensión auditiva y de
lectura, producción oral y escrita), donde vas a aplicar tus aprendizajes y pondrás
en juego tus competencias. También encontrarás una rúbrica para que evalúes
la actividad integradora y un formato para que hagas una autoevaluación de los
desempeños esperados.
Finalmente, encontrarás una tabla para que registres el nivel de avance que lograste
en el desarrollo de las competencias genéricas y disciplinares. Es importante que
valores, junto con tu profesor, los avances que hayas registrado.
Los contenidos y las actividades se presentan de una manera atractiva y práctica

y te ayudarán a practicar el idioma de forma individual, en parejas y en pequeños
grupos. Aprovecha todas las actividades, contenidos y recursos, pues te permitirán
usar el inglés cada vez mejor. Aprovecha a tu profesor y a tus compañeros, acércate
a ellos, resuelvan dudas y aprendan juntos; date la oportunidad de construir con
ellos este viaje.
11
11
¿Cuál
¿Cuál es elespropósito
el propósito de asignatura?
de esta esta asignatura?
El propósito de esta asignatura es seguir siendo un puente de comunicación y
desarrollo de habilidades, conocimientos, aptitudes y valores que permitan, por
medio de tu aprendizaje y desarrollo en clase, convertirte en la mejor persona que
tú puedas ser.
También pretende brindarte instrumentos de aprendizaje y espacios de reflexión

personal, en parejas y grupal, para que desarrolles las competencias disciplinares
que indican al inicio de cada bloque así como las competencias genéricas al ser
una persona que se autoevalúa, se valora, comparte y es responsable de su propio
desarrollo personal y grupal, entre otras.
Al cursar la asignatura Lengua adicional al español III, vas a desarrollar también

las cuatro habilidades comunicativas de la lengua: comprensión auditiva y de lectura,
producción oral y escrita. Tal como comenta Anahí Mastache: “Las competencias
van más allá de las habilidades básicas o saber hacer, ya que implican saber actuar
DD
y reaccionar; es decir, que los estudiantes sepan qué hacer y cuándo”.
Por lo tanto, será muy importante que establezcas relación entre los conocimientos
que vas adquiriendo y su aplicación en tu vida cotidiana. Además, aprender otro
idioma fortalecerá tu identidad personal y cultural y aprenderás a respetar la
diversidad de creencias, valores, ideas y prácticas sociales con una apertura más
universal.
12
12
BLOCK I
Describingsituations
Describing
Describing
Describing situations
situations ofof
of cause
cause
cause and
and
and
and effect
effect
effect
effect
BB lockI I
lock Describing
situations
Block I
of of cause
cause andand effect
effect
Objetos de aprendizaje que se

12HORAS
abordan
1. Vocabulary: recycling Competencias disciplinares que se

desarrollan
2. Conditionals • Identifica, ordena e interpreta las ideas, datos
• Zero conditional: If + present y conceptos explícitos e implícitos en un texto,
simple considerando el contexto en el que se generó y
• First conditional: If + will en el que se recibe.
• Evalúa un texto mediante la comparación de
3. First conditional su contenido con el de otros, en función de sus
• If + Modals of possibility conocimientos previos y nuevos.
• Produce textos con base en el uso normativo
de la lengua, considerando la intención y situa-
4. Modals
ción comunicativa.
• Of possibility: may, might
• Expresa ideas y conceptos en composiciones
• Of advice: should coherentes y creativas, con introducción, desa-
rrollo y conclusiones claras.
• Valora el pensamiento lógico en el proceso co-
municativo en su vida cotidiana y académica.
• Identifica e interpreta la idea general y posible
desarrollo de un mensaje oral o escrito en una
segunda lengua, recurriendo a conocimientos
Recomendaciones para el previos, elementos no verbales y contexto.
aprendizaje (actividades) • Se comunica en una lengua extranjera median-
te un discurso lógico, oral o escrito, congruente
Para el logro en el desarrollo de con la situación comunicativa.
competencias, deberás realizar en • Utiliza las tecnologías de la información y co-
cada uno de los bloques: actividades municación para investigar, resolver proble-
individuales y de trabajo colaborativo mas, producir materiales y transmitir informa-
que te permitirán la práctica en la ción.
escritura, el habla y la escucha
del idioma inglés. Al finalizar cada Evaluación del aprendizaje
bloque realizarás un conjunto de
actividades de cierre para evidenciar
tus aprendizajes. • Evaluación diagnóstica para identificar
competencias y conocimientos previos.
• Evaluación formativa con base en las
actividades realizadas.
• Evaluación sumativa integradas como
portafolio de evidencias.
• Coevaluación y autoevaluación.
1414
Describing
situations of
of cause and effect
Introduction
Block I, Describing situations of cause and effect, introduces you to the wonderful land of
changes; you will have the opportunity to describe situations of cause and effect, learn new
vocabulary and enjoy working with your pals. You will study the grammatical use of the
zero and first conditional sentences, as well as the modals of possibility and advice.
With some reading activities you will have the opportunity to think about the problems of
the environment and their possible solutions. Remember that all this knowledge has a
purpose, it is meant to help you become the best person and student you could be.
What is the purpose of block I?

In block I you will learn to identify the main ideas from a written text. You will also have the
opportunity to describe cause and effect situations and use the grammatical structure of
the zero and first conditional when you want to share cause and effect information.
Learning evidences
The competencies proposed in this block will be evaluated through your activities which we
will call your final learning evidences. You need to write the name and number of the block,
the number of the activity and the date in your English notebook. The main activities you
need to have at the end of the block are:
What do I Closure
know? Let’s Begin activities
A. Complete 1.1 Match 2.1 Picture 4.1 Share
3.1 Description Activity 5
sentences the stars description answers
B. Matching 2.2 Play the 3.2 Completing
1.2 Write 4.2 Listen 5.1 Report
activity game questions
C. Complete 1.3 Choose 3.3 Read 5.2 Enviromental
2.3 Brainstorm 4.3 Check list
the chart. sentence sentences problem
D. Order the 1.4 Complete the 2.4 Complete 3.4 Board 4.4 Correct 5.3 Oral
words. chart the reading game option presentation
2.5 Answer 3.5 Make 4.5 Make
1.5 Conversation
questions sentences sentences
1.6 Read and
3.6 Reading
complete
3.7 Complete
1.7 Complete
sentences
When you finish one of
1.8 Fill in the 3.8 Complete the activities, paint the
gaps sentences
box to indicate it.
1.9 Share the 3.9 Grammar
answers box
1.10 Report
1.11 Check list
1515
BB lock
lockI I
What do you know?
Describing of of
situations cause and
cause effect
and effect
(Previous knowledge and competencies)
A. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate form of the verb To Be
1. She _______ my best friend.

2. When ______ they coming to visit the museum?
3. This farmer ___________ (neg.) cultivating his land.
4. Where ________ your shoes?
5. My dog ________ (neg.) barking.
6. The doctor and his wife ______ working in the hospital.
7. I ______ very happy because it is my birthday today.
8. Why _______ you crying?
9. We _________ (neg.) going to the market.
10. My mother ________ cooking.
Check your answers in the Answer Key.
Look up in a dictionary the meaning of the words in bold. Write Remember:

them in the glossary that you will find at the end of this block. When you say your age,
you have to say:
I am 16 and not I have 16.

B. Match the questions with the answers.
Questions Answers
1. Is she your sister? a) I’m not sure. I think he is 16.
2. Were you at the university before b) They are wearing white t-shirts and
you began High School? black jeans.
3. How old is Pedro? c) I had it last week, it wasn´t really difficult.
4. What are your friends wearing

d) No, she isn’t. This girl is older.
today?
5. When did you have your Math’s exam? e) No, I wasn’t. I was in Secondary School.
1616
Describing
situations of
of cause and effect
C. Complete the following chart using comparative and superlative adjectives.
Write a sentence using

Adjective Comparative Superlative a comparative or
superlative adjective
1 good
2 bad
3 dangerous
4 expensive
5 clean
6 save
7 interesting
D. Order the words to form past sentences.
1. was / my sister / dinner / cooking / Last night
2. soccer / on Saturday / were / My friends / playing
3. This / father / washing / morning / was / the / my / car
4. yesterday / his / homework / Peter / wasn’t / doing
Check your answers in the Answer Key
1717
BB lock
lockI I Describing situations
Describing of of
cause effect
and effect
It is important to identify your level of proficiency in the competencies that you will develop
in block I. Answer the following questions and check your answers with an X.
Level of achievement Always Sometimes Never
Do you use different communication strategies

depending on the subject, the context and
your goals?
Do you identify the principal ideas in a text or

speech and can make conclusions from them?
Do you speak in a second language in daily

situations?
Do you use Information and Communication

Technologies in order to get and express your
ideas?
Do you express your points of view and take

into account those of other persons?
Do you talk to and learn from people with

different points of view and cultural heritage,
taking in mind your own circunstances in a
wider context?
If you answered most of the questions with Always then your level of proficiency is
high. If you answered most of them with Sometimes or Never then you will have to
work harder on the achievement of those competencies.
1818
Describing
situations of
of cause and effect
Let’s begin
It is important that you read the following information. It will guide you during the
exercises you have to realize.
.
Conditionals
Conditionals are sentences that express causes and their results.
You can use conditional sentences with If to talk about causes and results.
If is a conjunction used to say that one thing can, will or might happen or be true
depending on another thing happening or being true.
The two situations, causes and results, can come in any order. In written English
when the conditional part, the cause, comes first, you put a comma between this part
and the result part.
Commas with Conditional Sentences
Use a comma when the if part of the sentence is at the beginning.
Example: If I go to school, I have to get up early.
Don’t use a comma when the if part of the sentence is at the end.
Example: I have to get up early if I go to school.
There are many different ways of making sentences with if. One of them is the zero
conditional.
Zero conditional
We use the Zero conditional to talk about things or to express ideas that are generally
or always true. They represent situations that are unchanging.
Because of their unchanging truth value, these conditional sentences normally take
a present simple tense in both parts of the sentence. They are especially frequent in
scientific writing, since Science is concerned with absolute relationships.
Example: If you mix oil with water, it floats.
1919
BB lock
Describing
This kind of sentences has two parts:

of of
cause effect
and effect
Part A: is the situation or condition (the If clause).

Part B: is the result or consequence (the result clause).
Part A Part B
If you boil water,

+ it vaporizes.
You have to write a comma (,) between the two parts of the sentence when you
begin with If.
Use the present simple tense in both clauses.
Example: If you put water in the freezer, it becomes ice.
These sentences are based on habits and are frequent in conversations.
Example: If I wash the dishes, my daughter dries them.
It is possible to substitute When or Whenever for If and still express more or less
the same idea:
Example: When (whenever) I wash the dishes, my daughter dries them.
When (whenever) you boil water, it vaporizes.
Zero conditional sentences express no condition; these are sentences that are
always true. They refer to “forever”.
Example: If you add two plus two, you get four.

The following circles will show you how to form the zero conditional sentences and
the elements each part of the sentence has.
Form
The zero conditional has two parts
of a sentence. 1. If clause
If + subject + verb in present sim-
• The if clause and ple + complement
• The result clause.
2. Result clause
Subject + verb in present simple +
complement
2020
Description of the elements of the zero conditional sentences.
Example: If you put water in the freezer, it becomes ice.
How to form the zero conditional sentences:
Part A, The If clause: If you put water in the freezer.

Part B, The result clause: It becomes ice.
Part A: The if clause

If + you + put + water in the freezer.
If + subject + verb in present simple + complement
Part B: The result clause

it + becomes + ice.
Subject + verb in present simple + complement
Freezer: A piece of electronic

equipment in which you can
keep food for a long time at a
low temperature.
The following grammar box shows grammatical rules to make sentences with
the If – zero conditional sentences. It includes the affirmative, negative and
interrogative form. You can find some examples too.
Grammar box. If - zero conditional sentences
If - zero conditional How to form it Example
Sentence in present + if My father gets angry if he

Affirmative form
+ sentence in present. loses his keys.
Negative sentence in My mother doesn´t let me

Negative form present + if + negative go out with my friends if I
sentence in present. don’t finish my homework.
Interrogative sentence in Does your mother get

Interrogative form present + if + affirmative angry if you come home
sentence in present? very late?
21
21
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Describing
More examples. Affirmative sentences.

of of
cause effect
and effect
When the sun goes down, If I call you, you have to

If you heat water, it boils.
it gets dark. answer the phone.
More examples. Negative sentences.
If you don´t bring your When the rain doesn’t

Cars don’t work if they
books, you cannot follow fall on time, most of the
don’t have gasoline.
the class. harvest doesn’t grow.
More examples. Interrogative sentences.
Where do you keep your

What do you usually do if Who do you talk to if you
shoes if they get very
you have money? feel sad?
dirty?
2222
Describing
situations of
of cause and effect
Activity 1.1
Match the stars and complete the zero conditional sentences. Begin with If.
If you mix water

and oil, If you mix blue
you become with yellow,
hungry.
you get green.

It will boil
at 100°C
If you help
somebody,
If you don’t eat,

you feel happy.
the second
will float.
If you put water on
the fire,
2323
BB lock
Describing of of
cause effect
and effect
Activity 1.2
Write the sentences from the stars and share them with a pal.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 1.3
Choose the sentence with the correct use of comma.
Number Options
a) If I eat too much, I get sick.

1
b) If I eat too much I get sick.
a) I ask for directions, if I get lost.

2
b) I ask for directions if I get lost.
a) If you are happy, I am happy.

3
b) If you are happy I am happy.
a) I can’t drive if I don’t wear my glasses.
4
b) I can’t drive, if I don’t wear my glasses.
a) If he doesn’t sleep well he is very tired.
5
b) If he doesn’t sleep well, he is very tired.
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Activity 1.4
Complete the part B of the following zero conditional sentences. You can write the
result part of the sentence with your normal reaction.
Part A The If clause Part B The result clause
1 If I am happy, ... I laugh a lot.
2 If I am tired, ...
3 If I am hungry, …
4 If I have a stomachache, …
5 If I don’t want to go out with my friends, …
6 If I am going to have an exam, …
7 If it is raining when I go to school, ...
8 If my teacher doesn’t come on time, …
9 If I find some money, ...
10 If my friends don’t invite me to their parties, ...
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Activity 1.5
Take the chance
to practice your
conversation in
Two line - conversation English!
You will practice activity 1.4 in a conversation.
All the students will make two lines, one student in front of the other. One will
say the sentences from part A, and the student in front of him/her will complete
the sentence with the personal information they wrote in part B, then you change
roles.
Activity 1.6
Read the next paragraph Diana’s attitude and complete the paragraph with the
correct form of the verbs in parenthesis.
Diana’s attitude
Diana is an excellent student, If she 1) _______ (have) an exam, she studies

more. Her favorite subjects are Chemistry and Biology. She 2) ___________
(want) to become a doctor. She knows that if she 3) ___________ (study)
a lot, she will get it. She 4) ____________ (neg. like) missing her classes,
but if it happens, she 5) ______________ (call) her friends to ask them
for their homework. If her teachers 6) __________ (ask) her for an
investigation, she 7) ___________ (go) to the library to find the information.
Challenge: Did you remember the correct form of the verbs?
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When we talk about things that are generally or always true, we can use:
If / When / Unless + a present form + present simple or imperative.
If is used when a situation is real or possible, in this case we can replace “if” by “when”
without changing the meaning of the sentences.
Example: If your father gets there before me, ask him to wait.
When is a conjunction that means at or during the time that something happen.
Example: When you take a plane, you arrive faster to your destination.
Unless is used to say that something can only happen or be true in a particular situation.
Can be used instead of if + not in conditional sentences.
Example: Unless you pay the ticket, you can’t go to the cinema with us.
Activity 1.7
Complete the following sentences with the corresponding If, When or Unless.
1. Take your running shoes _________ you are going to play football.
2. ________ you see the teacher, tell him that his students are in the classroom.
3. Come with us _________ you have something more important to do now.
4. ________ you are reading in English, don’t translate.
5. ________ you can’t do your homework, ask for help.
6. ________ you can’t find your keys, you can take my car.
7. Buy the red blouse, ________ you prefer another color.
8. ________ you want to learn how to play the piano, you need to practice a lot.
9. The students are not going to the party, _________ they finish their homework.
10. ________you pass your driving test, you can drive alone.
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Activity 1.8
Fill in the gaps with your own ideas to complete the zero conditional sentences
in the affirmative, negative and interrogative form. Check the answers with your
classmates.
If sentence Affirmative Negative Interrogative
If I am tired, I
Example: If I am If I am tired, I go to Do you go to sleep
don’t go out with
tired, sleep early. early if you are tired?
my friends.
1 If I feel sad,
When I have a
2
problem,
If I want to watch
3
TV,
When I have a lot

4
of homework,
5 If I feel sick,
When I have
6
exams,
If my father has to
7
travel,
If my friends invite
8
me to a party,
Compair your answers in the Answer Key.

When you have finished share the answers with a pal and practice your pronunciation.
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WH question words
We use question words to ask certain types of questions. We refer to them as WH,
words because they include the letters WH (for example, WHy, How).
The following grammar box shows some very useful question words, their use and
some examples.
Grammar box. WH questions

Question
Use Example
word
What Asking for information about something What is your name?
When Asking about time. When did he leave?
Where Asking in or at what place or position. Where do they live?
Why Asking for reason, asking what...for. Why do you say that?
How old Asking for age. How old are you?
Available at: http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/wh-question-words.htm

Read on april 12th, 2014.
We can use question words with zero conditional sentences. They usually go at the
beginning of the sentence.
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Activity 1.9
Match the following question words with their corresponding interrogative zero
conditional sentences and their answers.
Interrogative zero conditional

Answers
sentences
do you buy if you have to give a birthday If somebody shouts at me, I
present? feel sad.
If I have to buy a book, I go

What? do you do if you feel angry?
to the library.
How?
If I have to buy a birthday
do you feel if somebody shouts at you?
Where? present, I go to the shop.
If I feel angry, I listen to

do you go if you need to buy a book?
music to calm down.
If I go to school very late, I

do you go to school if you are very late?
usually run.
When you have finished share the answers with a classmate and practice them.
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Activity 1.10
Summarize some of the important elements of the zero conditional sentences you
have studied so far. For that purpose, you will make small groups and write a short
report. This report has to include the following information.
Reflect: on something: To think

carefully and deeply about
something.
Summarize: To give only the main
points of something, not the details.
1. Presentation page.
2. Explanation of the use of the zero conditional sentences.
3. The number of clauses that are used in sentences of zero conditional.

4. Use zero conditional sentences in the affirmative, negative and
interrogative form.
5. Explanation of the form of the verb in the zero conditional sentences.
6. Explanation of the use of comma in zero conditional sentences.
7. Six examples of zero conditional sentences.
Hand in your report to your teacher for evaluation and comments.
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Activity 1.11
The following check list will help you to identify if you have included all the
elements in your report. Tick the elements your report has.
Check list
1. Includes a presentation page.
2. Has the explanation of the use of the zero conditional sentences.
3. Mentions the number of clauses that are used in sentences of cause

and effect of the zero conditional.
4. Use zero conditional sentences in the affirmative, negative and

interrogative form.
5. Has an explanation of the form of the verb in sentences of zero

conditional.
6. Includes the use of comma in zero conditional sentences.
7. Presents six examples using zero conditional.
Check the elements you didn’t achieve and work on them. Ask your teacher for help
if you need it.
In the first part of block I, you learned how to identify the if clause and the result
clause of zero conditional sentences. You also wrote some sentences using your
normal reactions. How could it help you improve your relationship with relatives and
friends and even with yourself? Discuss it with your classmates.
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Vocabulary
Learning vocabulary is important because without enough vocabulary you cannot
understand others or express your own ideas. Learning vocabulary helps you
communicate and understand with others in English. For that reason, it is important
that you continue learning new words and increase your vocabulary in English.
The following activities will help you to describe pictures, reflect about the importance
of recycling and identify some vocabulary related to this important concern of our
society.
Concern: A feeling of
worry about something or
somebody.
Activity 2.1
Picture description. Look at the following picture, show it to a partner and describe it
together. Use the questions from the sections. Use your imagination and according to
the picture to guide you.
Use your imagination
What are their names?

Where are they from?
How old are they?
Where do they live?
According to the picture
Who are they?

Where are they?
What are they doing?
Check this! If you want to describe a picture you can begin with sentences such as:
• In this picture I can see ...
• There is a.../ there are ...
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Personal reflection
Can you imagine your community with a lot of paper, plastic bottles, plastic bags and
cans along the streets? What could be the consequences in your society if many people
don´t collect their garbage? Can you do something with your garbage?
Write your personal reflection and

share it with your classmates.
Garbage: The waste food,

paper, plastic, etc., that people
throw away.
Activity 2.2
In pairs, play the game Recycling for life. Follow the steps listed below.
Instructions:
Cut the pictures and definitions from the game Recycling for life (next page). Spread the
cards on the table or on one of your chairs. Mix them all up. One student takes a picture
and asks the following question: What is this? The second pal has to find the definition
among all the cards. When he/she finds it, he/she has to read it out loud. If the meaning
matches, both cards have to be taken out of the rest, if it doesn’t, your classmate has to
try it again.
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Recycling for life
Tin can Recycle

Landfill or garbage dump
A rigid steel container for The process to make new
An area where garbage is
storing food and other things from old materials.
dumped and covered with dirt.
predominantly liquid products.
Plastic
Garbage or trash
Environment A material that is produced by
The waste that people throw
The surrounding in which a chemical processes and can
away (food, paper, plastic,
person, animal, or plant lives. be formed into shapes when
etc.)
heated.
Natural resource
Pollution Raw materials
Materials such as minerals,
The introduction of harmful They are things in its natural
forests and water that are
materials into our soil, air, or state used or made into
present in nature and support
water. something else.
people’s needs.
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Activity 2.3
Brainstorm. Look at the following picture and write down all the
words and feelings that come to your mind when you see it.
Brainstorm: To give as many ideas as

possible about something.
My words and feelings...
Decompose: To separate into

parts, to be destroyed gradually
by natural chemical process.
Look at the new vocabulary;
Pollution: Harmful elements
does it have any connection
in the air and water because of
with the picture? How?
people.
Activity 2.4
Read the following paragraphs and complete the text with the words from the box.
One is not needed. Check your dictionary and find the meaning of the words you don’t
know.
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wasting garbage Earth underground

Buried: Something put
bottles pollution aluminum into the ground and
covered.
decompose recycle separate
Reciclyng
When you throw things into the garbage, that 1) ________ is taken
to a garbage dump and it is usually buried underground. It is buried
so it will 2)__________. What is de-com-pose? Have you ever
seen an old piece of fruit slowly rot and shrink over many days? It
is decomposing. Decompose means to 3)_________ into parts and
over many years most garbage will disappear completely. That is
why we bury garbage in the ground. The problem is some things we throw away take a long
time to decompose and that means we could run out of place 4)__________ to leave all the
garbage. Then what? You will have to keep the garbage in your house! (Likely under your
bed if it’s not already full). Well, hopefully that won’t happen because there is something
you can do. You can 5) ___________! What does that mean? The prefix “re” means “do
again” and “cycle”, just like in bi-cycle, is something that goes around again and again. If
you take something old that can be used again and make it new, you are recycling. Lots
of things can be recycled. Soda cans are made from 6) _________, a soft, lightweight
metal, it takes about 100 years for the aluminum to decompose. So when you throw an
aluminum can into the garbage you are hurting the 7) _________, but guess what? You’re
also wasting money. Old aluminum cans can be melted and made into brand new cans.
Did you know paper can be recycled? Maybe the paper you are using right now was once
used by a student in another school. Paper is made from trees, so every time you put paper
into the garbage, not only are you filling up the Earth with garbage, but even worse, you
are 8)_________ trees. Did you know one plastic garbage bag can take 10-20 years to
decompose? Don’t throw garbage bags away, recycle them! Anything made from plastic
can be recycled, especially the water and juice bottles we all use every day. Not just plastic
bottles, but glass 9) _________can be melted and used again too. Making new things from
recycled ones takes less money, less energy, and less of the Earth’s natural resources like
water and trees. Less energy means less 10) _______ (harmful dirt) into the air. You can
recycle at home by separating your cans, paper, plastics and bottles.
Available at: http://goinggreeny.com/Green_Guide/Education_Teaching.php http://

goinggreeny.com/Worksheets/Recycling.htm.
Read on february 16th, 2014.

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Answer the following questions according to the information given in the reading.
Questions Answers
1. What is decomposing?
2. What is recycling?
3. What can be recycled?
4. What could happen if people make
new things from recycling?
5. How can you recycle at home?
6. What could happen if people don’t
recycle things?
Reflect on the previous reading

Were you able to identify the importance of recycling things at
home? Do you consider it important to involve your family in
recycling? How? Write your reflection:
Coevaluation
Up to now, you have been working by yourself or with some of your classmates.
The following check list will give you some points to evaluate the attitude and
knowledge of English you have observed about them. Remember that this
activity is meant to help you develop a better understanding of your classmates and
grow as a group. Mark an X in the elements you observed.
1. They can express words, images and feelings when they see a picture.
2. They can read a text individually and complete the missing information.
3. They can see the importance of recycling.

4. They participate in the group activity with respect and openness.
5. They feel happy when they speak in English.
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Optional activity
If you have the opportunity to listen to the following song (Heal the
world), you will find that it has a meaningful message related to
recycling.
Do you think the name

Do you like singing?
of the song could have
Do you know the song
any connection with the
Heal the world?
reading recycling?
Write your comments
Some songs can

If it is possible for you, check the song help you be more
Heal the world on the following web site: aware of the importance of
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQfyhKcL-nQ recycling. Pay attention to
the lyrics!
Heal: To cure somebody who is sick; to make something well again.

Strangling: To prevent something from growing or developing.
Lie: To write or to say something that is not true, it is false.
Bliss: Perfect happiness; great joy.
Reveal: To make something known to somebody.
Plowshares: A large piece of farming equipment pulled by a
tractor or animals.
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Heal the world (lyrics)
4. Then it feels that always love’s

1. There’s a place in your heart enough for us growing, so make a
and I know that it is love, and better world make a better world...
this place could be much
brighter than tomorrow. And if C. Heal the world...
you really try, you’ll find there’s
no need to cry, in this place 5. And the dream we were conceived
you’ll feel there’s no hurt or in will reveal a joyful face, and the
sorrow. world we once believed in will shine
again in grace then, why do we
2. There are ways to get there if keep, strangling life wound this
you care enough for the living, earth crucify its soul though it’s plain
make a little space, make a to see this world is heavenly be
better place. God’s glow.
C. Heal the world, make it a better 6. We could fly so high let our spirits
place for you and for me and never die, in my heart I feel you
the entire human race there are all my brothers, create a world
are people dying, if you care with no fear together we’ll cry happy
enough for the living, make a tears see the nations turn their
better place for you and for me. swords into plowshares.
3. 3. If you want to know why 7. We could really get there if you

there’s a love that cannot lie cared enough for the living make
love is strong, it only cares for a little space, to make a better
joyful giving. If we try, we shall place...
see, in this bliss we cannot
feel, fear or dread we stop C. Heal the world…
existing and start living.
Source: musica.com, Michael Jackson
“Life is not easy for any of us. We must have perseverance and
above all confidence in ourselves. We must believe that we are
gifted for something and that this thing must be attained”.
Marie Curie, chemist and physicist.
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More conditional sentences
Previously, you learned that conditionals are sentences that express situations and
their results and that you can use conditional sentences with If to talk about causes
and results. You have already studied the zero conditional sentences that express
ideas that are generally or always true.
Now, you will learn:
First conditional sentence
We use the First conditional sentences to talk about actions that are very probable,
they express future conditional. It is the “real” or “possible” conditional.
Example: If it rains, I will stay home.
The normal pattern for this type of conditional is present simple tense in the If clause
and some explicit indication of future time (e.g. will or be going to) in the result clause.
Example: If you finish your homework, I’m going to invite you to the park.
This kind of sentence has two parts:
Part A: is the situation or condition (the If clause).

Part B: is the result or consequence (the result clause).
Part A Part B
If it rains,
If you finish your + I will stay home.
I’m going to invite you to
homework, the park.
You have to write a comma (,) between the two parts, unless you change the order
of the parts.
Example: I will stay home if it rains.
Use the present simple tense in the If clauses and will or be going to in the result
clause.
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How to form the first conditional sentences

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Example: If it rains, I will stay home.
Part A, The If clause: If it rains,

Part B, The result clause: I will stay home.
Part A: The if clause
If + it + rains
If + subject + verb in present simple + complement
Part B: The result clause
I + will stay + home

Subject + indication of future time (will or be going to) + complement
and simple form of the verb
The following circles summarize how to form the first conditional sentences and the
elements each part of the sentence has.
1. If clause
If + subject + verb in present simple +
complement
2. Result clause
Subject + will + base form of the verb +
complement
Form
The first conditional has two clauses.

(Two parts of the sentence)
•The If clause and
•The result clause.
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First conditional
a. We use the first conditional sentences to talk about future events that are likely to
happen. Example:
• If I invite my girlfriend, she will be really happy;
• If I finish high school, I will go to University.
b. The if clause can be used with different present forms. Example:

• If he’s feeling better, he will come to the meeting.
c. The “future clause” can contain going to as well as will. Example:

• If I see her, I’m going to tell her to give me my book.
• If Martin keeps practicing football, he’s going to play in the school team.
d. The “future clause” can also contain other modal verbs such as can and must,
Example:
• If you go to New York, you must visit the Statue of Liberty.
The following grammar box shows grammatical rules to make sentences with the If –
first conditional sentences. It includes the affirmative, negative and interrogative form.
You can find some examples too.
Grammar box. If - First conditional sentences

If - first conditional How to form it. Example
Subject + will /be going to + verb We will /(are going to )

Affirmative form simple form + complement + if + have a party if you come to
subject + verb present + complement. Mexico this year.
Subject + will not (won’t) / not be going My mother will not / (is not
Negative form to + verb simple form + complement + if going to) travel to Denver if
+ subject + verb present + complement. my sister comes to visit her.
Will / be going to + subject + verb

Will you practice the guitar if
Interrogative form simple form + complement + if +
you have a concert?
subject + verb present + complement?
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Activity 3.1
If I keep running
this way, I will
be the winner.
Work in pairs. Look at the picture and answer the questions. (Use your imagination).
What can How many

Where are What are Who will be
Questions you see in people are
they? they doing? the winner?
the picture? there?
Answers
What will How will the What will the How will the
Where will
the winner winner feel second and rest of the
Questions they go to eat
do after the after the third position competitors
and to rest?
competition? competition? think? feel?
Answers
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Activity 3.2
Your best friend is going to study at the University in Monterrey. Look at the parts
of the first conditional sentences and write the complete questions and possible
answers. Then, practice in pairs.
Part of the sentences Questions Answers

What will you do if If I miss the bus, I will
1.What / do / miss / bus?
you miss the bus? go by car.
2.Where / stay / travel /
Monterrey?
3. How / pay /the registration?
4. What/ do /get sick?
5. What / don’t / like / the food?
Activity 3.3
Practice
Read the sentences in part A and find the second clause in part B. in pairs
Part A Part B
You will be late If you don’t invite her.
If you need some cash, If you clean the rubbish from your garden.
My sisters won’t come I will lend you some.
You will have a lot of time I will prepare some hamburgers.
If we go to the park, If you don’t hurry up.
If my child doesn’t find his bicycle, If you finish your exam on time.
Your neighbors will plant the trees he will cry.
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Activity 3.4
Board game what will happen if...?
Students have to play a board game by making first conditional sentences. They
have to make sure they know how the first conditional is used and structured.
For example: on the board game you read in number 6, Study hard, the student has
to say: If you study hard, and complete the sentence with his/her own information.
For example: If you study hard, you will become a great doctor.
Look at the board game on the next page. Make groups of three students. You will
need a dice and counters for each group.
All the players put their counters on the square marked START and throw the dice.
The student who gets the highest number begins the game. In turns, each one of
the members of the group is going to throw the dice.
Student 1 throws the dice and moves the counter along the board according to the
number on the dice. Student 2 then reads the words on the square he/she landed
in and makes a sentence using the words in the square.
The sentence has to be grammatically correct, and make sense. If a player can’t
finish the sentence appropriately, they miss a go. If a player lands on a square mar-
ked if, they can make any first conditional sentence. The game continues until the
first player reaches the square marked FINISH. This player is the winner.
Dice: A small piece of wood or plastic with a different number of

spots on each of its sides again.
Winner: A person who wins something.
Land (verb): To come down through the air onto a surface.
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Board game. What will happen if…
14 15
12 13 16
work in a drink too
if get married miss a turn
company much
11 17
move to don’t do my
number 22 work
10 18
26
meet the am not on
FINISH
president time
25 19
9
find wild go back to
steal money
animals number 7
8 24 20
if miss a turn if
23 22 21
7
go to the climb a don’t have
don’t eat
beach mountain water
6
study hard
5 4 3 2 1
play again if visit USA play sports START
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Modals of possibility (may /might) and
advice (should)
We can use modals other than will in the main clause of a sentence in the
first conditional.
This means that the consequence is not certain. It is possible, but not defi-
nite.
Examples: If my father comes tomorrow, I might go home early, or

I may go swimming.
I’ll ask my friend if we change the meeting.
If you ask Peter, he may/might be able to buy the vegetables. (Possibilty)
If you ever go to Tabasco, you should take a trip to the coast. (Advice)
If you don’t understand so well, you should ask your teacher again.
(Advice)
Possible variations of the basic form:
Sometimes instead of if + present + future, we may have:
if + present + may / might (possibility)
If + present + should or any expression of command, request or advice.
Look at the next examples:
If the weather keeps changing, If your children are back from

the wild animals from Canada the school, you may go home
might lose their habitat. at once.
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Activity 3.5
Make sentences beginning with If. Choose from the two boxes and write the sen-
tences on the lines.
you should take some driving les-

sons.
you need money,
you should take all your medicine.
you don’t pass the exam,
you may need to get a job.
you want to go to the festival,
If + I will phone you.
I don’t see you tomorrow,
you should treat others with respect
you want to drive a car, as well
you want to feel better, you will have to try again.
you want to be respected, you may have to wear your traditional
clothes.
Write your sentences:

Example: If you want to drive a car, you should take some driving lessons.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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The following reading will help you understand a very beautiful event in nature. If it
rains, we may see the rainbow; an if situation produces a result.
Before the reading: Do you know how the

Think about it! colors of the rainbow are
formed? How many
colors does it have?
During the reading:

Underline all the words you don’t
know and find the meaning!
Some more examples are:
Beam: A line of light.

Angle: The space between two lines or surfaces that join.
Speed: The rate at which something moves or travels.
Stripe: A long narrow line of color.
Rainbows happen when sunlight and rain combine in a very specific way.
The beams of sunlight separate into the colors we see in the rainbow as they
enter a raindrop. Sunlight is actually made up of different colors that we don’t
usually see. When a beam of sunlight comes down to Earth, the light is white.
But, if the light beam happens to hit raindrops on the way down at a certain
angle, the different colors that make up the beam separate so that we can
see them in the form of a rainbow. The angle for each color of a rainbow is
different, because the colors slow down at different speeds when they enter
the raindrop. The light exits the raindrop in one color, depending on the angle
it came in, so we see only one color coming from each raindrop. Light at
different angles coming through many raindrops form the rainbow that we see,
in stripes of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
Available at: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/

index?qid=20140219145607AALtS32 y http://discoverykids.com/articles/how-do-
rainbows-form/ Read on february 16th, 2014.
As you finish reading the text answer the following questions.

What is a rainbow? Use your own words:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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Activity 3.7
According to the Reading complete the following sentences:
1. Rainbows appear when __________________________________________

.
2. If the light beam hits raindrops on the way down at a certain angle, the diffe-
rent colors ____________________________________________________.
3. Light at different angles coming through many raindropform _____________.

in stripes of ___________________________________________________.
Activity 3.8
Complete the following sentences with your own information.
If clause of the sentence The result part of the sentence

Example:
1 I may stay for a while watching it.
If I see the rainbow,
2 If I am in love, I may not…
3 If it is raining, I should…..
If our teacher gives us a lot of

4 we might not….
work,
5 If it begins to rain, I might….
Optional activity
If you have the opportunity listen to the song What a Wonderful World
(Lyrics) by Louis Armstrong in the following web site:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3yCcXgbKrE
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Describing of of
cause effect
and effect
Get in pairs and complete the following grammar box to summarize your knowledge
of the first conditional sentences and some modal verbs. Share the information with
the all group.
Grammar box. First conditional sentences and modal verbs.
Some examples of the

The first conditional The parts of the first
first conditional sentences
sentences are used… conditional sentences are...
are…
Some examples of the first

The modals of conditional sentences with
The modal of advice is…
possibility are… modals of possibility and
advice are:
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Optional activity
If your school has the means, try to visit this web site. It´s helpful to
improve your listening. It’s really helpful if you want to listen to real
events in english: http://www.esl-lab.com/
Activity 4.1
Save the Earth!

Complete the following chart, when you finish share the information with your class-
mates. Share your answers with the whole group.
Create an environmentally-nice school atmosphere by promoting conversation.

Think about some Think about some
environmental environmental
Write possible Write possible
problems in your problems in the
solutions. solutions.
community and world and write them
write them down. down.
Organize
Example: too many
a cleaning
plastic bags on the
campaign on
street.
Saturday.
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Activity 4.2
Listen to your teacher and underline the words you don’t understand. Write the words
in the box and include them in your glossary.
Save the earth!

Interviewer: Today, I’m interviewing nine-year-old Alex about her feelings on how
people can help save the environment. So, Alex, how can we save the environment?
Alex: By saving water.
Interviewer: Well, how can we do that?
Alex: By not using too much water when we wash dishes, take a bath and when we
do other things, like watering the plants outside.
Interviewer: Oh, I think I can do that. What else?
Alex: When drinking or eating something outside, you should keep the garbage until
you find a trashcan to put it in because littering makes our planet dirty. Do you like
seeing trash all over the ground?
Interviewer: No, I don’t. Do you have any final suggestions?
Alex: Yes. We shouldn’t waste paper because trees are being cut down to make the
paper. By recycling paper, we save the forests where animals live.
Interviewer: So, how can children recycle paper, I mean, everyday?
Alex: Well, for example, when I was in kindergarten, I used to save the newspapers
so that I could make things make out of them, like paper trees, instead of just throw-
ing them away. Now, the children in our neighborhood collect newspapers once a
month to take them to a recycling center.
Interviewer: That’s great. Well thanks Alex for your ideas.
Write down the words you don’t

Write down the meaning
understand:
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Optional activity
You could listen to the script Save the Earth on the following web site.
http://www.esl-lab.com/enviro1/enviro1.htm
Activity 4.3
The following check list will help identify some events that occurred during the
time you heard your teacher reading Save the earth! Tick with an X the elements
you found.
Check list
1. You could follow the topic while your teacher was reading for you all.
2. You were able to identify most of the vocabulary.
3. You could answer the corresponding comprehension reading activity.
4. You could compare with your classmates your answers and give the
reasons for your option.
5. You could collaborate with your classmates in order to answer the

questions.
if you need it.
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Activity 4.4
According to the script your teacher read, circle the correct option for each situation.
Comprehension questions
a) Alice
1. What is the name of the girl being
b) Ellen
interviewed?
c) Alex
a) washing cars
2. She says we should save water
b) cleaning clothes
when__________________.
c) taking a bath
a) separating different types of
garbage
3. The girl’s second suggestion is
about ____________________. b) disposing of trash properly
c) having a family clean-up party
a) protect the forests
4. By recycling paper, we can
b) cut down on waste
_____________________.
c) save money
a) it is a nice thing
5. What does the girl think about
b) makes people healthier
littering?
c) makes the planet dirty
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Activity 4.5
Follow the example and make sentences using the grammatical structure of the first
conditional.
Situations of if-cause and

result-effect
a) washing cars Example: If you take a bath you
1. She says we should save water.
should save b) cleaning clothes
water when____
c) taking a bath
a) protect the forests
2. By recycling
paper, we can b) cut down on waste
_________
c) save money
3. When people a) throw the garbage on
eat something the street
outside, they b) put the garbage in the
should____ dustbin
c) keep the food
a) it is a nice thing
4. What does the
b) makes people
girl think about
healthier
littering?
c) makes the planet dirty
a) separating different
5. The girl’s second types of garbage
suggestion is b) disposing of trash
about _____ properly
c) having a family clean-
up party
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Coevaluation
Once more, it is time to evaluate the attitude of your classmates. Mark a tick
X according to the frequency your pals behave.
Most of the
Always Never
time
They listen to one another.
They share information.
They give their opinion freely.
They keep working together all the time.
They ask for help when needed.
Closure activity
Activity 5.1
Think about the following questions and write a short report about them.
My own community International community

Do I know any environmental problem Do I know any international
that is affecting my community? environmental problem that is affecting
my community too?
Do I think of any particular action to
solve this problem? Can I do something to solve this
problem?
According to my knowledge and opinion, ______________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.
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Activity 5.2
Now that you reflected on some environmental problems in your community and in
the world, it is time to conclude writing a formal proposal to solve an environmental
problem.
Your proposal has to include:

1. Name.
2. Pictures from a magazine or newspaper, illustrations or any other visual of an
environmental problem.
3. Short description of the problem.
4. Description of some of the actions taken from the community and the stu-
dents. (At least five sentences)
5. Five sentences of cause and effect as part of your proposal.
6. Use of the zero and first conditional with modals of possibility and advice in
the sentences.
Activity 5.3
Prepare your oral presentation according to your possibilities and

show it to your classmates. Include pictures if possible.
The most wonderful

experience is your
own life; enjoy it!
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Self-evaluation
cause and
cause effect
and effect
To evaluate your achievement in Block I, you need to answer the next instrument
honestly. Mark the box that corresponds to your level with an X.
I am I can do it, I can´t do it

What am I capable I am not
completely but I need even with
of? capable of
capable of help help
Identify the causes
and effects in
written sentences.
Write and
present a simple
proposal about
an environmental
problem.
Use sentences of
cause and effect
(if+results), and
also with modal
verbs.
Share my opinion
with my classmates.
Respect the opinion
of my classmates
and teacher.
Work in a group.
Deliver my activities
on time.
Express in English
using zero and
first conditional
sentences.
When you finish to answer it, show it to your teacher and talk about your progress
and in where do you need to improve.
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Finally
Think about the next questions and write your conclusions:
Which were the most important learnings that you achieve in Block I?
How can you make use of these learnings in your life now and in the future?
How do you relate your learnings in benefit of your community?
My conclusions are:
Kind words can be short

and easy to speak, but their
echoes are truly endless.
Mother Teresa
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My progress
Generic and academic competences block I
Instructions: At the end of Block I, is important to mark with the correct letter your
level of achievement of generic and academic competencies. Use the next scales:
H = High (developed)
M = Medium (trying to develop it)
L = Low (not developed)
Generic Competencies Characteristic Level

1. Knows and values her/him-
self and deals with problems
• Faces the difficulties and is conscious of her/
and challenges taking into
his values, strengths and weakness.
consideration the goals she/
he has.
• Expresses ideas and concepts using linguis-
tic, graphic and mathematic representations.
4. Listens and expresses • Identifies the principal ideas in a text or
appropriate messages in speech and can make conclusions from
different contexts, using them.
adequate means codes and • Speaks in a second language in daily situa-
tools. tions.
• uses Information and Communication Tech-
nologies in order to get and express her/his
ideas.
7. Learns by personal initiative
• Defines goals and keeps monitoring her/his
and interest through her/his
own process of knowledge construction.
life.
• Expresses her/his points of view and take

8. Takes part and contribu- into account those of other persons
tes effectively in different • Is responsible of a constructive attitude, co-
groups. herent with her/his knowledge and abilities in
different work groups
10. Keeps a respectful attitude

towards interculturality, and • Assumes that respect of diversity is the prin-
the diversity of values, be- ciple of assimilation and social harmony in
liefs, ideas and social prac- local, national and international contexts.
tices
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Academic Competencies Level
1. Identifies, arranges and analyzes ideas, data, explicit and

implicit concepts of a text; keeping in mind where it was written
and the present.
2. Asses a text comparing its content with others, using her/his

previous and new knowledge.
4. Writes texts with the rules of the language, considering the

el intent and communicative situation.
5. Expresses ideas and concepts in coherent and creative
documents with clear introduction, body and conclusion.
8. Appreciates the logical thought of communication process in
her/his daily and academic life.
10. Identifies and analyzes the general idea and the possible
development of an oral or written message, in a second
language, using previous knowledge, non-verbal language
and context.
11. Communicates in a foreign language through a logical speech
(written or oral) coherent with the communicative situation.
12. You use Information and Communication Technologies in

order to research, solve problems, create documents and
sends information.
When you finish to answer these scales, show them to your teacher and talk about
your progress.
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BLOCK II
Comparing
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from different societies
Block II

12
HORAS
abordan
1. Vocabulary: clothes, means of Competencias disciplinares que se
transportations, food, leisure activi-
desarrollan
ties, school activities, sports.
• Identifica, ordena e interpreta las ideas,datos
2. Grammar: used to in affirmative, ne- y conceptos explícitos e implícitos en un tex-
gative and interrogative form. to, considerando el contexto en el que se ge-
neró y en el que se recibe.
3. Question words: how, when, where, • Evalúa un texto mediante la comparación de
what and who. su contenido con el de otros, en función de
sus conocimientos previos y nuevos.
4. Time expressions in the past. • Produce textos con base en el uso normativo
de la lengua, considerando la intención y si-
tuación comunicativa.
coherentes y creativas, con introducción, de-
sarrollo y conclusiones claras.
• Valora el pensamiento lógico en el proceso
Recomendaciones para el comunicativo en su vida cotidiana y académi-
ca.
aprendizaje (actividades) • Identifica e interpreta la idea general y posible
desarrollo de un mensaje oral o escrito en una
Para el logro en el desarrollo de segunda lengua, recurriendo a conocimientos
competencias, deberás realizar en previos, elementos no verbales y contexto.
cada uno de los bloques: actividades • Se comunica en una lengua extranjera me-
individuales y de trabajo colaborativo diante un discurso lógico, oral o escrito, con-
que te permitirán la práctica en la gruente con la situación comunicativa.
escritura, el habla y la escucha • Utiliza las tecnologías de la información y co-
del idioma inglés. Al finalizar cada municación para investigar, resolver proble-
bloque realizarás un conjunto de mas, producir materiales y transmitir informa-
actividades de cierre para evidenciar ción.
tus aprendizajes.
Evaluación del aprendizaje
• Evaluación diagnóstica para identificar

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Introduction
Comparing
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Block II, Comparing habits and customs from “different societies”, will give you the
opportunity to know the various habits and customs people have in several societies
and in your own community. You will have the chance to improve your English using
a particular grammatical structure called used to which describes situations that
happened regularly in the past, but no longer happens in the present.
What is the purpose of block II?

In block II you will learn to identify the main idea from a written and oral text related to
habits and customs. You will also have the opportunity to identify some expressions
that you can use when you want to speak about events that happened in the past.
More over, you will be able to describe and compare habits and customs in your own
community. Finally, you will use the grammatical structure “used to” to describe habits
and customs from some societies in the past.
Learning evidences
The competencies proposed in this block will be evaluated through your activities
which are called your final learning evidences. You need to write the name and
number of the block, the number of the activity and the date in your English notebook.
The main activities you need to have at the end of the block are:
What do I
know?
Let’s begin
1.1 Personal 2.1 Complete 3.1 Order the
A. Verbs 4.1 Make a list 5.1 Interview
reflection sentences reading
B. Answer 1.2 Habits and 2.2 Picture 3.2 Write sen- 4.2 Make
5.2 Story
questions Customs description tences sentences
3.3 Radio
C. Personal 1.3 Make a 2.3 My
program, 4.3 Complete 5.3 Role play
reflection drawing activities
role play
2.4 Answer the 4.4 Pair
1.4 Match 3.4 Check list 5.4 Check list
questions conversation
2.5 Reading
1.5 Picture 3.5 Answer the 4.5 Picture Closure
compre-
description questions description activity
hension
3.6 Invent a
1.6 Check list 2.6 Choice 4.6 Collage Rubric
story
1.7 Choose 2.7 Check list 3.7 Reflection 4.7 Board game
1.8 Answer
questions
1.9 Find
someone
When you finish one of
the activities, paint the
1.10 Look and
complete box to indicate it.
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societies
What do you know?

A. Read the questions from column A and underline the main verb of the sentence.
Write it down in the column called VERBS and write the present simple and past of
the verb and its meaning in Spanish.
VERBS
Present Past Meaning
Column A Example:
wrote escribir
write
1. Who did you recently write a
letter to?
2. What did you make for dinner
yesterday?
3. Who was the last person you saw
before class?
4. What did you lend a friend last
week?
5. Who did you last fight with?
6. What did you break recently?
7. Where did you put your books
when you got home from class
yesterday?
8. Who did you sit next to in class
today?
9. What did you recently lose?
10. What did you read yesterday?
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B. Answer the questions from the previous page, column A and give your own
information.
Example: I recently wrote a letter to my father.
1.___________________________________________________.
2.___________________________________________________.
3.___________________________________________________.
4.___________________________________________________.
5.___________________________________________________.
6.___________________________________________________.
7.___________________________________________________.
8.___________________________________________________.
9.___________________________________________________.
10.__________________________________________________.
C. Work in pairs. One of you says the question from the previous page, column A
and the student 2, reads the answer from exercise 2.
Did you remember the simple past and the meaning of the verbs?
Could you answer the questions?
In case you need any help, it is time to ask your teacher for a
general review of the simple past and the construction of the
sentences.
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In addition, it is important to identify your level of proficiency in the competencies that

you will develop in block II by answering the next questions. Check X.
Level of achievement Always Sometimes Never
Do you use different communication strategies

depending on the subject, the context and your
goals?
Do you identify the principal ideas in a text or

speech and can make conclusions from them?
Do you speak in a second language in daily

situations?
Do you use Information and Communication

Technologies in order to get and express your
ideas?
Do you express your points of view and take into

account those of other persons?
Do you talk to and learn from people with

different points of view and cultural heritage,
taking in mind your own circumstances in a wider
context?
If you answered most of them with Always then your level of proficiency is high. If you
answered most of them with Sometimes or Never then you will have to work harder
on the achievement of those competencies.
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Let´s begin
It is important that you read the following information. It will guide you during the
exercises you have to realize in the following activities.
There are two important terms we will be using frequently during this block: custom
and habit.
Custom and habits

A custom is an accepted way of behaving or of doing things in a society or a
community.
Example: It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.
A custom is the way a person always behaves.

Example: It was her custom to rise early.
Habit
A habit is the routine of behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur
unconsciously.
Is a thing that you do often and almost without thinking, especially something that is
hard to stop doing.
Example: You need to change your eating habits (good /bad habits),
A habit is a usual behavior.

Example: I have a fixed ways of doing things.
I have the habit of turning on the television as soon as I get home.
It is important to reflect on the customs and habits of your society because they
are part of your culture and when you learn another language you are also learning
and experiencing another culture. It helps you become an interculturally competent
person (Gundogdu, N., 2007).
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Personal reflection
Have you listened to the phrases “Old times were better…” or “in my times _______
was very important?” Do you think that everybody eats “tortillas”?, Do you know if all
the girls in the world wear the same kind of clothes as the girls in your community?
Answer the previous questions and write your opinion.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I choose to make the rest of my

life. The BEST of my life! And
that starts NOW!
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Learn more
There are thousands of different cultures around the world; even in Mexico there
are many different expressions of them. Each culture has its own history, tradition,
beliefs and languages.
Your customs help you define who you are; they connect you to your past too, so
they can teach each generation and keep the traditions of your culture alive.
Something important is that customs give you a sense of belonging.
Activity 1.1
Read the next questions and answer them
What do young people in Mexico do?

________________________________________________________________
Brainstorm their customs and habits.

________________________________________________________________
Have you met young people from other countries and cultures?
________________________________________________________________
What do they do?

________________________________________________________________
Did you notice any difference with your habits and customs?
________________________________________________________________
Write them down.

________________________________________________________________
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Activity 1.2
Look at the following pictures and write the name of the countries where you think
these people come from as well as the habits and customs you consider they may
have. Share the answers with your classmates.
Countries/
Continents
Habits
Customs
Activity 1.3
Make a drawing or stick a picture of a traditional custom or celebration in your

community and explain it shortly.
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Learn more
Vocabulary
Food, cooking and eating habits play an important role in every culture. The way of
preparation and the ways of serving and eating it can vary from culture to culture
and they often reveal distinctions of age, sex, status, culture and even occupation. In
some communities eating together is very important; sometimes it is an expression
of the unity in the family.
Considering what has been mentioned, you will learn more vocabulary related to
food. It will help you identify more cultural differences.
Activity 1.4
Write the number of the definition (next page), that matches with the corresponding
picture.
Example: Number ( 2)
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Definition:
1. Orange round fruit.

2. Citrus fruit with a lot of sour juice.
3. What hens lay.
4. Fresh red vegetable.
5. A soft yellow food made from milk, used in cooking and for spreading on
bread.
6. Made from flour, baked in an oven.
7. Thin slices of potatoes fried in deep fat.
8. Grain that is used to produce the flour for bread.
9. Animal that lives in the river.
10. People drink it in the morning to wake up.
11. It is white and comes from the sea.
12. It is used to fry things.
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Activity 1.5
Comparing
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Look at the following pictures and write the things the women in the market are
buying.
These women are from Chihuahua, These women are from a place in Africa.
Mexico. They are in the market.
Can you see any difference? Why? Write it down:

______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
According to the above pictures you saw women in the market

buying things and some people from different countries and
customs.
Do you think their eating habits or their customs are very different
from yours?
It is important to realize that you also get influenced by many different cultures
and traditions around the world. Do you agree with that?
Write your personal opinion:
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Activity 1.6
It is important to reflect on your learning too. Tick X the things you can do up to now.
1. Identify, write and say the meaning of some verbs in the present
and past tense.
2. Name habits and customs from different cultures and from your
own habits and customs.
3. Identify and write the names of some products related to food.
4. Reflect on your habits and customs.
Learn more
How do you go to school? Do you walk, do you ride the bike? Do you go by car?
If every day you do the same thing to go to school, it will become your habit. According
to some scientist, if your context changes, your habits might also change too; if you
add a value in a particular habit, this value will guide your behavior.
Probably the way your parents went to school is the same as the way you do it now,
but if you ask your grandparents, you could be surprised and find a lot of differences.
It is important to mention that even the different means of transportation you have
in your community now, are part of the story of your community and of the habits of
the people.
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Activity 1.7
Look at the following pictures and choose from box A the corresponding name. One
word is not needed.
Means of transportation
Box A means of transportation
car bus taxi train bicycle boat skateboard
lorry helicopter plane subway ambulance motorcycle
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Activity 1.8
Answer the following questions and tell your partners about it.
Questions Answers
What kind of public transportation can
people use in your community?
How often do you take public
transportation? Why?
How do you go to school? How much
do you have to pay?
How much do you pay if you want to
take a bus to the nearest city? How
many kilometers is it?
Is public transportation safe in your
community? Why?
Do you have enough public
transportation?
There is a Pedaling History Bicycle Museum in Orchard Park, New

York, where people can see one of the world’s largest collections of
antique and classic American bicycles, including thousands of items
of cycling-related memorabilia. From the antiques through the classics to modern
bikes: social, design, manufacturing, marketing, and sports aspects are all
reflected in the museum.
Available at: http://www.pedalinghistory.com/

Read on february 16th, 2014.
In San Miguel de Allende, Gto., you can find a very

interesting place called, Mexican Toy Museum. It
contains a collection of over 1000 traditional toys. There are three
permanent display rooms: one dedicated to dollhouses; another
to animals and transportation; and the third one is dedicated to masks, musical
instruments and miniature fairground rides. This museum is part of our Mexican
customs.
Available at: www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/museo-juguete-popular-mexica-

no-san-miguel-allende-guanajuato.html. Read on march 6th, 2014.
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Activity 1.9
Find someone who…

Look at the following statements and write a complete question in the past. Check
your answers and go around the class asking the questions to different classmates.
Name and answer of my

Statements Complete sentence
classmate
1 Visited a relative in Example: Example: Pedro, did you
the USA last year. visit a relative in the USA
Did you visit a relative in last year?
the USA last year?
Pedro: Yes, I did (or No, I
didn’t)
2 Went to another
city last month.
3 Took the bus to go
and visit a relative.
4 Rode the bicycle to
come to school.
5 Ate some different
food than usual.
6 Went to buy
special things for a
celebration.
Reflect on the previous activities
Were you able to fill up all the boxes?

How did you feel speaking in English?
Write your impressions…..
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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A wedding is the ceremony where people are united in marriage. Wedding, traditions
and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and
social classes.
Activity 1.10
Look at the two pictures and complete the information. What are they
celebrating?
___________
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
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Used to
Customs and habits are not always the same in all the communities. In some societies
they change faster than in other.
When you want to express that an activity was a past habit, we use USED TO. It
means that it occurred in the past but not anymore, we only use it to talk about the
past; there is no similar expression for the present. Examples:
My grandmother used to make her own soap, but now she buys it in the store.
In the past my father smoked, but he doesn’t now. (He used to smoke)
After used to we always use the infinitive. Never use a continuous or past tense
verb. Example:
Correct: he used to smoke.

Incorrect: He used to smoked, he used to smoking.
Except in negative and questions, the correct form is USED TO.
Example: I used to go to the park every Sunday.
To form questions, use DID and the negative form is usually didn’t use to.
Used to is not a tense but it is like a tense. It is a special expression and we use it for
the past only. We use it to talk about an activity that people did regularly in the past
like a habit and when we talk about a situation that was true in the past.
Structure of used to
Auxiliary
Subject Not Main verb use Infinitive
Did
Affirmative I used to do.
Negative I did not use to do.

Auxiliary
Subject Main verb use Infinitive
Did
Interrogative Did you use to do?
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Look at these examples:
The past The present

She used to work in a shop. Now she works in a bank.
He used to watch a lot of TV. Now he doesn’t watch much TV.
They used to be single. Now they are married.
There used to be a football court here. Now there is a supermarket here.
Did you use to wear a uniform in
Yes, I used to wear a nice uniform.
secondary school?
Apply your knowledge
Activity 2.1
Complete the sentences with the affirmative, negative and interrogative form of used
to.
1. Javier Hernandez______________play for Guadalajara.

2. We _________________ (neg.) to have a computer, but we do now.
3. ____________________ to play in the same football team?
4. Where _______________ (you) go to primary school?
5. She _________________ love him, but now she is married.
6. This clothes store _____________ be a farmer’s shop.
7. I ___________________ (neg.) like vegetables, but I do now.
8. ____________________ (your grandparents) travel very often?
9. My friends ___________ invite me to all their parties, now, they don’t live
here.
10. We ________________ (neg.) to celebrate Christmas at home, now we do.
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Activity 2.2
In pairs describe the picture. Think about the following questions to help you:
What do you see? How many people are there? What are they doing? How old are
they? Where are they? Where are they from?
Do you know how to ride the bicycle? How

often do you ride it? Do you like it?
Write your answers and share them with

a classmate.
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Customs and habits evolve over time. The style of dress, music or activities for
relaxation people preferred in previous eras differs from what people prefer now, partly
because the symbolism some communities use to signify attractive or appropriate
dress, enjoyable music or interesting activities has changed.
Free time activities or leisure activities could be characterized as activities that

provide enjoyment or refreshment to the people in the community. Free time can
be considered to be the residual time a person has after they have attended to the
necessities of life (e.g. work, family care, self care). This time can be describes as
“free time”, meaning that during this time a person is free to choose the way in which
the time is spent.
Activity 2.3
Look at the pictures and circle the activities you do during your free time.
Listen to music Do/Play sport Pray
Livestock show and

Watch TV Play an instrument
rodeo
Are they familiar to you? Why? _______________________________________
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Activity 2.4
Answer the following questions using your own information. Share with a classmate.
1. If you want to relax, what do you normally do?

_______________________________________________________________
2. If you want to relax with your friends, what do you usually do?
_______________________________________________________________
3. If you want to relax with your family, what do you do?

_______________________________________________________________
4. Do you have a common place where you, your friends and your family can go
to relax? Where?
_______________________________________________________________
Did you know that…

Aztec Instruments. The Aztecs used
a variety of musical instruments.
Drums included the ayoti made from
a turtle shell and the teponaztli,
made from a log and played with mallets. Other
instruments included flutes, rattles filled with
beads or pebbles, and horns made from conch
and snail shells.
Mayan Instruments. Mayan instruments

included wind instruments such as ceramic
ocarinas and flutes, drums and rattles.
Available at: http://www.ehow.com/cultures/

Read on march 28th, 2014.
And you, do you play any musical instrument? Are you in a group? Tell your partner.
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Activity 2.5
Do you know how the life of
your grandparents was when
Reading comprehension
they were your age?
Think about it!
Read the following text and underline all the words you don’t know. Use your
dictionary and write the new words in your glossary.
The way we were
Lucy was a young girl in the 1960s. She wrote:
“I was a young girl in the 1960s. My friends and I used to do a lot of things. We
used to go dancing every weekend; we really loved the music of the Beatles
and of course, our Mexican music. My boyfriend and I used to go for picnics
in the surrounding area quite often. He had a car, so he always drove to the
beach. We used to go to the cinema twice a week and I loved to watch films
with Enrique Guzman and Angelica Maria”.
Peter Sanatu was a handsome boy when he was 18. He used to play the
drums in his African tribe. He knew that music was very important because it
expressed the experiences of the community. He played the drums in special
occasions such as births, weddings and funerals. He used to practice every
day at night because he loved the sound of his drum. He used to make his
own instruments made from raw materials but now that he is a professor at the
University of Accra, he only teaches music to his students.
Antonio was a nice boy from Guanajuato. When he was 17 he used to play the
guitar and he was a member of the Estudiantina of Guanajuato. They used to
wear many colourful ribbons. They used to give flowers to the
people who would accompany them.
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Activity 2.6
Work with a classmate and decide if according to the previous reading, the following
sentences are true or false. Write the reasons for your choice.
Right or wrong. Double entry box
Person True False Why?

1 Lucy used to be a quiet person.
2 Lucy didn’t like Mexican music.
3 Lucy used to go to the cinema.

Peter was not a handsome
4
person.
Peter used to play at important
5
celebrations.
6 Peter used to play the trumpet.
7 Antonio used to cultivate flowers.

Antonio didn’t use to wear
8
ribbons.
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Activity 2.7
The following check list will help identify some aspects that helped you
complete the previous two activities. Tick X the important elements that were
useful.
Check list
My personal reflection helped me understand more my grandparents.

The reading gave me some knowledge of customs from other
countries.
The questions helped me review the grammar and the application
of USED TO.
The double entry box helped me integrate the information from the
reading.
The double entry box motivated me to evaluate my understanding
of the reading.
The answers gave me some clues to share the information with my
classmates.
if you need it.
Personal reflection
Looking back at what you have studied in English, write down some activities that
have been helpful and those which have not been helpful for your learning. Share
them with your teacher and classmates.
Helpful Not helpful
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Activity 3.1
Make groups of three students and put in the right order the following text. The order
of the paragraphs is:_________________. When you have finished, in pairs read
the whole story out loud and check your pronunciation.
Old times were better
(1) the morning and go to his farm.

He cultivated corn, wheat and some (2) studies and prepare ourselves
rice, too. He used to have a nice hor- for the challenges of the society to-
se and every morning he would ride day. Probably my grandfather does
it to go around his fields to see the not agree completely with the new
crops. My grandmother used to cook means of communication, but he is
and bring the food to the fields. She very happy each time we can use the
didn’t use to stay with him in the fields webcam to talk to and see our relati-
but she used to prepare for him nice ves in the United States.
handmade tortillas, chile
(4) Do you recognize that senten-

(3) and my parents have lived. I love
ce? Who usually says that? Is it your
the stories my grandpa usually tells
grand parents or even your parents?
us when we eat. He keeps recalling
I find it difficult to believe that senten-
his times when he was a farmer. His
ce, because there are so many good
family didn’t use to live in the city. He
things I can see in my life today, but
told me that he used to wake up very
also I can name all the interesting
early in
things my grandparents
(5) with meat and beans. Now, they are not in the farm anymore, they live in the
city with us. Sometimes, I can see that my grandfather misses his place very
much but still, he keeps encouraging us to continue with our.
Webcam: A video cam-

era that is connected to
computer so that wath it
Check your answers in the Answer Key. records can be seen on
a website as it happens.
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Activity 3.2
Underline all the times you find the expression used to in the story and write the
sentences down.
Example:
His family didn’t use to live in the city.
Complete the following sentences:
The story Old times were better is about ____________________

_____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.
From the story I can identify that we can use used to __________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.
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Activity 3.3
Listen to your teacher reading the story of the radio program and prepare for a role
play.
Radio program
Old times were better, is it really true?
Reporter: Hi, everybody, welcome to the weekly radio program.

Old times were better, is it really true?
Today, we will have the opportunity to talk to three wonderful people from different
nationalities. They will share with us some of the amazing things they used to do
when they were young. I am sure they will have something to teach us.
Let’s meet them!
Reporter: Hi, Melisa. Tell us your story.

Melisa: Well, I was born in a small place in
the North of Africa, in Morocco. I used to wear
the caftan, the traditional name of our typical
clothes. They were very comfortable. Men and
women didn’t use to sit together to eat. More-
over, young girls used to stay at home with their
mother and learn from her, only few of us used
to go to school.
I can see that my grandchildren have a very dif-
ferent life today but I can tell you that I used to
be very happy.
Reporter: Thank you, Melisa.
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Reporter: And you, George, how was your

childhood?
George: The only thing I can tell you is that I
enjoyed my childhood; I used to read a lot, my
books were my best friends; and I could say
that my grandchildren love reading too. I usually
rode a horse every Sunday. My son doesn´t do
it anymore, he lives in London and he doesn´t
have a horse. I miss that!
Reporter: Oh, sorry to hear that, George.
George: Don’t worry; I have many other
activities like having a coffee with my friends,
walking through the park. You see, those things
seem to be very simple but they give me the
opportunity to be with my son and that makes
me very happy.
Let’s meet them!
Reporter: Lupita, it is a pleasure to have you

with us. Tell us your story.
Lupita: Thank you. Well, my parents and I lived
in a town near the river, so we used to eat fish
very often. My mother and I used to talk while she
was starting the fire, I used to collect firewood
from the forest and I really loved doing that, the
forest was amazing and very relaxing. I used
to sing “pirecuas”, songs. I didn’t have a great
voice, but still I loved singing.
Nowadays, I enjoy singing a lot with my children
and grandchildren. My grandchildren don’t speak
my traditional language very well, so I have to
teach them through the songs.
Reporter: Thank you very much to all of you. Now, it is time for you at home
to decide if you are still thinking that only Old times were better. See you next
program.
Now that you know the story, prepare a role play simulating the interview with the
elderly people. Make small groups and decide who will be the reporter and who will
be the elderly people. Use your imagination!
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Activity 3.4
The following check list will help you evaluate your progress during the activi-
ty 3.3. Tick X the elements that helped you see your progress.
Check list
Statements
I could identify the different nationalities and some of the customs and
habits from the elderly people.
I could notice the differences with the past and my present.
I could follow the reading easily.
I could find information unknown to me that helped me identify some

other habits.
I could see the practical application of USED TO.

I could participate in the role play expressing myself with fluency and
accuracy.
I was able to collaborate with my classmates with respect during the
preparation and the presentation of the role play.
TOTAL / 7
if you need it.
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When I was a child...
Activity 3.5
Sweet memories from my childhood! This activity will allow you to

practice used to in your personal life.
Answer the questions from column A and give your own information.
Then, go around your classroom and interview four of your classmates.
Use the following questions as your guide. Write the information in each space.
Column A yourself Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4

Who did you
use to talk to
when you were
in secondary
school?
What games did

you use to play
when you were
five years old?
If you had a TV
when you were a
child, what kind
of tv programs
did you use to
watch.
What kind of
songs did you
use to sing when
you were 12?
How did you use

to go to school
when you were in
primary school?
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Activity 3.6
Get together with three of your classmates and write a story. You can take into con-
sideration the exercises you did applying USED TO and the vocabulary related to
means of transportation, food and leisure activities. When you finish your story, write
it on some sheets of paper and paste them on the wall of your classroom. Choose
someone in your group who will present your story to the rest of the group.
Points to take into consideration: Write at least 100 words in English. Include the
introduction, main text and closing of the story.
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Coevaluation
Somebody said that if we evaluate our work, we would be able to celebrate our
success or do it differently in case we didn’t get the results we were expecting. For
that reason, it is important that you take time to evaluate some of your activities. The
following check list will give you the opportunity to evaluate the aspects you took into
consideration during the creation of the story in activity 3.7. Grade it and write your
own observations.
3 Excellent
2 Good
1 Needs improvement
Criteria 3 2 1 Observations
The story includes the opinion of all
the members of the group.
The whole story is in English.
The story has at least 100 words.
The story includes sentences with
USED TO in affirmative and negative
sentences.
The vocabulary used is related to
food, means of transportation and
free time activities.
The story has an introduction, main
text and closing.
The group decided together the
person who would present the story
to the rest of my classmates with
respect and openness.
All the members of the group were
attentive and ready to answer the
questions.
The spelling is taking into
consideration.
Total of points
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Activity 3.7
Time for reflection…

Make it a habit to tell people thank you, to express your appreciation,
sincerely and without the expectation of anything in return. Truly
appreciate those around you and you’ll soon find many others
around you. Truly appreciate life and you’ll find that you have more
of it.
Disponible en: http://greatday.com/motivate/960911.html
Consultado el 20 de marzo de 2014.
Very shortly, write your opinion!

_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Reflect on the following
Do you think that singing songs could help you learn English?
Why? Write your opinion:
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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Optional activity
The following optional activity will give you the opportunity to know a song with a very
beautiful meaning. If it is possible for you to listen to the song “Just my imagination”
on the web, listen and complete the following activity. In case you don’t have access
to the internet, listen to your teacher and complete the lyrics.
The Cranberries. “Just my imagination”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHoHIL2ABVQ
http://www.quia.com/cz/317681.html?AP_rand=1101870664
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OgFU96ZfSg (with lyrics)
The Cranberries - Just my imagination

Music is an
expression of
yourself! There was a game _________________
We would hit ____________ on Friday night
And stay in bed until _____________
We ___________________________
We were living for the love we had and
living not for reality
It was __________________________ (3)
There was a time _________________
I ________________ my faith in love
Imagination: Is It's the greatest thing from the man above
the ability to form The game __________________________
new images and _______________ my cards upon the table
sensations that are Let it never be said that I'd be unstable
not perceived through It was just my imagination (3)
senses such as sight, There is a game _____________________
hearing, or other I like to hit the town on Friday night
senses. And stay ___________________________
We'll always be this free
We will be living for the love we have
living not for reality
Check the lyrics in the
Answer Key.
It's not my imagination (3)
Learn the song and sing it with your friends if you have access to the melody.
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Optional activity
The following check list will give the opportunity to identify the aspects you ob-
served during the activity 4.2 and the participation of your classmates. Select X
the statements that apply to your experience and write your observations.
Check list
Statements Observations
We could do the activity in the classroom.
Our teacher asked us to listen to the song

and complete the information at home.
I understood most of the song.
Our teacher pointed us the main aspects of

pronunciation.
I could write correctly the missing words.
I couldn’t follow the video or I couldn’t

understand my teacher when he/she read
the song.
Most of the students were enthusiastic about

the activity.
We sang the song together.
I could practice used to.
if you need it.
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Learn more
More vocabulary modals of possibility
The more vocabulary you learn, the more you will be able to express what you want
to say. The following vocabulary is very useful in your school. Work in pairs. In turns,
choose one of the pictures and do mimic. Can you guess the action?
Close your book! Open your books on Sit down, please. Raise your hand!
page…
Come in, please! Can I close the Can I turn on the Talk together.
window? lights, please?
Listen and repeat! How do you spell… Hand in your work, Come to the board.
please.
Pick up your pencil. Stand up. Can /May I go to the Can I borrow your
toilet, please? eraser, please?
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Activity 4.1
Make a list of other activities you do in the school and make a drawing of them.
Activity Drawing
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Activity 4.2
Make sentences from the mixed up words. All the sentences are expressions used in
your classroom. When you finish, check your answers with one of your classmates.
1. together /Talk
2. sentences / the/ Write /
3. expressions/ Match/ the
4. television/ Turn/your/off /
5. the/ sentences / Copy /
6. notebook/ Take / your / out /
7. questions / Ask / answer / and /
8. play / please / Can / the / again / CD/ you / ?/,/
9. repeat / please / you / that / Can / ? / , /
10. groups / Make / of 3 /
11. partner / with / Work / a /
12. in/ May / come / I /? /please / , /
13. words / list / a / Write / of /
14. mean/ eraser / does / What / ? /
15. to/ page / Turn / number__ /
Learn more
Wh- questions (also called information questions or open questions) require specific
information in the answer. They are introduced by words such as where (place), what
(object/situation), when (time), who (person), whose (possession), how (situation),
why (reason).
Yes /No questions (also called closed questions) require a short answer: yes or no.
Example: Are you hungry? Yes, I am.
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Complete the following sentences with the appropriate WH question word: What /
When / Where / Who / Whose / How / Why. Then, answer the cuestions.
Possible answers:
1. ______ are they from? 1.
2. ______ is your birthday? 2.
3. ______ book is this? 3.
4. ______ are your parents? 4.
5. ______ is your name? 5.
6. ______ are you from? 6.
7. ______ are you crying? 7.

What
8. ______ is your cousin Martin? 8.
When
9. ______ is your house? 9.
Where
10. ______ is this in English? 10.
Who
11. ______ is your father coming? 11.
Whose
12. ______ is your brother? 12.
How
13. ______ backpack is that? 13.
Why
14. ______ are your best friends? 14.
15. ______ is your teacher? 15.
16. ______ new cars are these? 16.
17. ______ are you? 17.
18. ______ is St. Valentine’s Day? 18.
19. ______ are you tired? 19.
20. ______ is Madrid? 20.
When you have finished, in pairs practice the WH questions. One of you says the
question and the other gives a possible answer. Example: Student 1: (13) Whose
backpack is that? Student 2: It’s mine.

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Clothes are an important element in all the cultures. They change according to the
society and the place people live. Look at the chart and learn the vocabulary.
Vocabulary about clothes
jacket pyjamas t shirt

coat
shorts
trousers
sandal
track suit
high shirt
heeled
shoes boots
dress jersey
skirt
bikini underwear socks
flip flops
trainers
slipers
belt cap
hat
gloves
watch tie scarf
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Reflect on the following questions
What do young people usually wear these days?

What did they use to wear some years ago?
Many years ago, this group of

students used to wear… These days, they are wearing…
Activity 4.4
Look at yourself and tell your partner about the clothes you are wearing. Write some of
the clothes your classmates are wearing too. You can use some of the following words.
a shirt boots a skirt shorts a sweater shoes sandals

pants a dress a jacket sneakers a coat a hat
a tie socks pair of trousers
Today I’m wearing My classmate is wearing
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Activity 4.5
In small groups, look at the following pictures and describe the differences and the
similarities.
MEXICO, AMERICA JAPAN, ASIA
HOLLAND, EUROPE GHANA, AFRICA
Similarities Differences
Complete the following sentence: In my community, clothes are_______________

because __________________________________________________________.
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Activity 4.6
Prepare a collage
Bring some pictures or drawings from home.
Make small groups of three. Find all the possible pictures related to clothes and
paste them on some paper.
Write the names of as many items as possible and prepare an exhibition in your
classroom.
Go around looking at all the collages of the other groups and check the new
vocabulary.
Remember that when you describe some clothes, the adjective comes before the
noun. Example: red blouse, black boots, etc.
Reflect on the following
Are you able to identify some traditional clothes from Mexico? How?
_________________________________________________
Do you feel comfortable wearing them? Why?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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Activity 4.7
The following activity will allow you to practice your conversation in English using
vocabulary related to sports.
Cycling Swimming Running Soccer
Board game
My favorite sport for a minute
Make groups.
In turns, toss a coin. If you get “heads” you

Gymnastics advance one place, if you get “tails” you go further Volleyball
two places. Talk about the sport that is in your box
for a minute. You can use information such as:
Description of the sport, famous people, places
where they practice, clothes they wear, etc.
The game goes around until you get enough

practice or one of you reaches the end.
Karate Basketball
Start the game
American Football Tennis Skateboarding
Toss a coin: To throw something into the air.
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Activity 5.1
Interview
Take the worksheet you will find next page home

and interview one of your parents if you have the
opportunity, if not, go and make the interview to one
of the elderly people in your community. This activity will give you the chance to get
to know your parents a bit more and to know the things he/she used to do when he/
she was around 17.
Ask the questions in Spanish in case he/she doesn’t speak English, but if you can
communicate with him/her in English, please do so.
The questions are only a guide; you can ask what you consider important for you and
your parents. At the end of the interview, you will need to translate the information
in English and write a report.
Useful time expressions for the past: Yesterday at seven o clock, last Sunday, last
night, last summer, last year, few days ago, five days ago, some years ago, three
days ago, the night before, last century.
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Interview guide worksheet. Do this activity in the local language of

your family. Choose one of your relatives and ask him / her the habits
he / she used to have when he / she was 17.
General questions Answers in local Answers in english

language
1 What’s your name?
2 How old are you?
3 Where are you from?
4 What do you do?

Did you use to cry a lot when
5
you were a baby?
Did you use to play with your
6 toys outside the house at
night?
How many hours did you use
7
to sleep when you were 17?
What kind of radio programs
8 did you use to listen to when
you were 17?
How did you use to go to
9
school?
What kind of food did you use
10
to eat when you were 17?
What kind of sports did you
11 use to practice during the
weekend?
What language did you use
to speak during your English
12
classes when you were in
High School?
13 What kind of books did you
use to read when you were
studying?
How did you use to travel
14
when you were 17?
What kind of games did you
15 use to play when you were an
adolescent?
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Activity 5.2
My roots are my strength

Take a moment to check the
information you got from the
interview (activity 5.1). The
experience of your parents and
their teaching have made of you
who you are today.
Look at the roots of the image of

the tree and write down the main
activities they used to do when
they were your age.
Write them in the boxes of the roots

of the tree.
When you finish identifying the main activities your parents used to do when
they were 17, write down a story as if you were going to present a report of the
most important and famous person in your life to one of your classmates. You
can begin saying…
The most important person in my life is_________________. When he was

small, he used to cry a lot, now, he doesn´t do it anymore,…
_____________________________________________________
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Activity 5.3
With the information you reflected on during the previous exercises

prepare your pair work activity. You could dress up and imagine you
are a famous TV reporter who is looking for the person who has in-
fluenced your customs and habits the most.
Student 1:
a. Introduces him/herself.
b. Asks the name of the person who has influenced the life of student 2 the
most.
c. Uses the questions on the interview guide worksheet to lead the interview.
d. The questions on the worksheet need to be adapted with the appropriate
personal pronoun.
e. Thanks the student 2 for the information given.
Student 2:
a. Introduces him/herself.
b. Answers the questions according to the information the student received
from their parents.
c. Thanks student 1 for the interview.
When student 1 finishes the questions, they change roles.
Activity 5.4
Once more, evaluate your progress during the interview to your parents and
to your classmate. With an X the elements you consider important in your
learning.
Check list
The activity gave me the chance to get to know some of the habits and
customs my parents used to have when they were 17 and talk about them.
I felt comfortable with the questions of my classmate and I was able to
answer them very clearly and fluently.
I knew the pronunciation of most of the words I was speaking.
I was able to answer the questions applying USED TO.
I participated with happiness and openness during the interviews.
I was able to follow the activity in a cooperative way.
if you need it.
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Closure activity
customs
and from
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from different
Group presentation
Form groups of three or four members; use the following ideas to make a presenta-
tion attractive and with a lot of creativity. Use pictures, songs or any other material
that will allow you to compare the customs and habits of your parents and the ones
you have now. Identify the changes and make a short reflection about the differen-
ces.
Preparing a role play Organizing discussion groups
Composing a song Preparing collages
Whenever it is possible, you can also consider the following option:
Presentation with slideshows
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Rubric
Evaluate your group presentation using the following criteria. When you finish, share
and discuss the evaluation of your group presentation with your teacher.
Excellent Good Fair Unsatisfactory

Criteria
4 3 2 1
The content of the group presen-

tation has to be covered.
The group needs to have the

grammatical structured used to
and present the comparison of
the activities our parents used to
do and ours.
The presentation has to be cre-
ative and attractive.
The group presentation has to in-
clude the participation of all the
members.
The group presentation should be
respectful of all the other groups’
opinion.
The group presentation has to be
in English.
Total points
0 -- 10 points Unsatisfactory
11 – 14 points Fair
15 – 18 points Good
20 – or more points Excellent
Discuss this evaluation with your teacher.
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Self-evaluation
Mark the box that corresponds to your level with an X.
I can do
I am I can´t do I am not
it, but
What am I capable of? completely
I need
it even capable
capable of with help of
help
Identify vocabulary related to clo-
thing, transportation, food, recreation,
school and sports.
Identify the characteristics and rules
for “Used to” in affirmative, negative
and interrogative forms.
Use different words in questions (such
as how, when, where, what and who).
Use some expressions to refer to the
past.
Learn from and respect the habits and
customs of diverse cultures.
Talk briefly with my classmates in
English.
Help in planning and creating activi-
ties to work in groups and pairs.
Realize about my own habits and cus-
toms.
When you finish to answer it, show it to your teacher and talk about your progress and
where do you need to improve.
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Finaly
Finally
Which were the most important learnings that you achieve in Block II?
Which were the most important learnings that you achieve in Block II?
My conclusions are:
My conclusions are:
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My progress
Generic and academic competences block II
Instructions: At the end of Block I, is important to mark with the correct letter your level of
achievement of generic and academic competencies. Use the next scales:
Generic competencies Characteristic Level

1. Knows and values
her/himself and
deals with pro-
• Faces the difficulties and is conscious of her/his
blems and cha-
values, strengths and weakness.
llenges taking into
consideration the
goals she/he has.
4. Listens and ex-
presses appropria- • Expresses ideas and concepts using linguistic,
te messages in graphic and mathematic representations.
different contexts, • Identifies the principal ideas in a text or speech
using adequate and can make conclusions from them.
means codes and • Speaks in a second language in daily situations.
tools. • uses Information and Communication Technolo-
gies in order to get and express her/his ideas.
7. Learns by personal
initiative and inte- • Defines goals and keeps monitoring her/his own
rest through her/ process of knowledge construction.
his life.
8. Takes part and • Expresses her/his points of view and take into
contributes effec- account those of other persons
tively in different • Is responsible of a constructive attitude, cohe-
groups. rent with her/his knowledge and abilities in diffe-
rent work groups
10. Keeps a respectful

attitude towards in-
terculturality, and • Assumes that respect of diversity is the principle
the diversity of va- of assimilation and social harmony in local, na-
lues, beliefs, ideas tional and international contexts.
and social practi-
ces
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1. Identifies, arranges and analyzes ideas, data, explicit and implicit

concepts of a text; keeping in mind where it was written and the
present.
4. Writes texts with the rules of the language, considering the intent
and communicative situation.
5. Expresses ideas and concepts in coherent and creative documents
with clear introduction, body and conclusion.
8. Appreciates the logical thought of communication process in her/
his daily and academic life.
development of an oral or written message, in a second language,
using previous knowledge, non-verbal language and context.
12. You use Information and Communication Technologies in order
to research, solve problems, create documents and sends
information.
When you finish to answer these scales, show them to your teacher and talk about your
progress.
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BLOCK III
Describing
Describing activities
activities that
that took
took place in the past
Block III

12
HORAS
abordan
1. Vocabulary: clothes, meals and Competencias disciplinares
music.
que se desarrollan
2. Grammar: simple past and past • Identifica, ordena e interpreta las ideas, da-
continuous. tos y conceptos explícitos e implícitos en un
texto, considerando el contexto en el que se
3. Use of when and while. generó y en el que se recibe.
su contenido con el de otros, en función de
4. Connectors: first, then, after, later sus conocimientos previos y nuevos.
and after a while. • Produce textos con base en el uso normati-
vo de la lengua, considerando la intención y
situación comunicativa.
• Expresa ideas y conceptos en composicio-
Recomendaciones para el nes coherentes y creativas, con introduc-
aprendizaje (actividades) ción, desarrollo y conclusiones claras.
• Valora el pensamiento lógico en el proceso
Para el logro en el desarrollo de comunicativo en su vida cotidiana y acadé-
competencias, deberás realizar en mica.
• Identifica e interpreta la idea general y posi-
cada uno de los bloques: actividades
ble desarrollo de un mensaje oral o escrito
individuales y de trabajo colaborativo en una segunda lengua, recurriendo a cono-
que te permitirán la práctica en la cimientos previos, elementos no verbales y
escritura, el habla y la escucha el contexto.
del idioma inglés. Al finalizar cada • Se comunica en una lengua extranjera me-
bloque realizarás un conjunto de diante un discurso lógico, oral o escrito, con-
actividades de cierre para evidenciar gruente con la situación comunicativa.
tus aprendizajes. • Utiliza las tecnologías de la información y
comunicación para investigar, resolver pro-
blemas, producir materiales y transmitir in-
formación.

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Introduction
Block III, Describing activities that took place in the past will help you to reflect on
some festivals in your community, your country and around the world. You will be
able to practice your English describing two simultaneous situations that happened
in the past using simple past and past continuous. You will find a narrative text about
festivals.
This block is a great opportunity for you to reflect on your own culture and to see
some festivals as a happy expression of your humankind.
What is the purpose of Block III?

In block III you will be able to explain in an oral and written form activities that took
place in different contexts; identify specific information in an oral or written text and
write about the activities that were realized in your region, your state, your country
and the world. Moreover, you will be able to use the grammatical structure of the
simple past and past continuous to describe activities that happened in a specific
moment. Finally, the new vocabulary for clothes, meals and music, as well as the use
of relative pronouns and connectors, will give you more tools to improve your level
of English.
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Describing activities that
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place in in the
the past
past
Learning evidences
The competencies proposed in this block will be evaluated through your activities
which are called your final learning evidences. You need to write the name and
number of the block, the number of the activity and the date in your English notebook.
The main activities you need to have at the end of the block are:
What do you Closure

know? Let’s begin activity
1.1 Personal list 2.1 Reading narra- 3.1 Writing a 4.1 My talkative
A. Crossword
of festivals tive text part 1 narrative text palm
3.2. Narrative text
1.2 Complete
B. Pair activity 2.2 Double entry box on the bulletin 4.2 Pair activity
information
board
C. Questions 1.3 Vocabulary 2.3 Specific time
3.3 Rubric 4.3 Rubric
and answers selection activity
D. Matching 1.4 Written 2.4 Complete the
activity message questions
1.5 Picture
2.5 Write the verbs
description
2.6 Narrative text
1.6 Check list
part 2
2.7 List of verbs
2.8 Complete the
sentences
2.9 Complete
sentences
2.10 Following the
story
2.11Write connectors
2.12 Narrative text
part 3
2.13 Match festival
and place
2.14 Check answers
2.15 Read and
answer
2.16 Check list
2.17 Graphic
organizer
When you finish one of the activities, paint the box to indicate it.
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What do you know?

A. Look carefully at the following crossword and find the twenty verbs that are hidden.
The verbs are irregular and they are in the simple past. Cross a line through each
verb when you find it.
D R O V E A B C K N E W A E I R A N G
O I O A A U U O O E Y B Y T Y E E O O
W Q Q F A T E F F Q F F Q H F S F E E
E E A A G R E W O A E A E O A A A Q Q
N A Q Q S P O K E B Q Q R U A E R N R
T A A B B B A A A E S E P G A A E E G
P P P P A A B A F A A A A H P P P P R
P W P P E E E E O E W E O T O O O P T
Q A R P P P C P U P P P E E E O O E O
Q A E O E E A E G E E E E D I D O O L
Q E E Q T Q M Q H Q F O U N D Q Q Q D
E C E Q Q E E Q T Q Q Q Q U U U U U U
E U Q E E E E E E E A B R O U G H T A
E T Q R R R S W A M R R R F O R G O T
Clue: These are the verbs you need to find, but in simple past.
eat sing go write forget
see do speak tell grow
cut find swim drive ring
bring know think fight become
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B. Complete the following conversation with the appropriate

form of the verb in parenthesis.
Meeting again!
Martin: Hi friends, How 1. _______ (be) you?
Lucy: Hi Peter. We 2._________ (be) fine. And you? We 3. ____________

(neg. see) you last week. What 4. _____________ (happen) to you?
Martin: Nothing special, I 5. _______ (have) to go to Monterrey to get a new

certificate.
John: Why? Did you 6. _________ (have) any problem in the school?
Martin: Oh, no. It’s just because I 7. _________ (lose) the original last month
and I 8. __________ (need) a new one.
George: And, how 9. ________ (be) your trip?
Martin: It 10. _______ (be) fine. My brother and I 11. ________ (go) together
by bus.
Lucy: That’s nice, at least you 12. _________________ (neg. have) to

travel alone. Let´s go to class, our teacher is here.
C. Read the following questions and choose the appropriate answer.
1. What did you do yesterday?
a) I went to school. b) I study at home. c) I am fine. d) I watch TV.
2. When did you plant this tree?
a) In three years. b) Last month. c) Next summer. d) Next Monday.

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D. Match the information from the columns A, B and C. Make complete sentences.
past
Tell your partner.
No. A B C
milk when he was a
1 My father your children
child.
2 What are more expensive my friend in Montreal.
3 Last week, used to drink on Sundays?
4 How tall to the park doing in the garden?
5 This car is we visited he looks very tall indeed.
6 Do you go is your boyfriend? than the red one.
Write the sentences:
1.________________________________________________________________.
2.________________________________________________________________.
3.________________________________________________________________.
4. _______________________________________________________________.
5. _______________________________________________________________.
6. _______________________________________________________________.
Were you able to find the verbs in the simple past and write them
correctly?
Could you match all the columns and formed sentences?
Can you identify the sentences in the present and simple past in the affirmative
and negative form?
If you had any problem, it is time to ask your teacher for a general review of the
present simple, simple past and the construction of the sentences.
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Let´s begin
Festivals
Festivals are a series of performances of music, plays, films, etc., usually organized
in the same place once a year. They are a series of public events connected with a
particular activity or idea and can be a day or period of the year when people stop
working to celebrate a special event, often a religious one.
Festivals are very important in several ways, historically, religiously, socially

economically and culturally in the lives of the people of the community.
Historically: Festivals make people know more about their origin. In some cultures,
Festivals make people recollect the noble past of their ancestors, and express their
gratitude to them.
Religiously: There is a continuity between the dead and the living, the people in the
community ask for material prosperity, peace and a long life for their members.
Socially: Festivals serve as reunion of family members, relatives and friends.
Economically: Festivals bring most of the community together, this helps them to
initiate development projects. Visitors who also come to witness the festival contribute
economically to the community.
The rich cultural heritage of the people is usually manifested during festivals. People
in the community may wear the traditional clothes, play their typical music and
prepare their traditional food.
Performance: an activity (such as singing a song or acting in a

play) that a person or group does to entertain an audience.
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Personal reflection
Do you know an important

festival in your community?
What do people do?
Do you think festivals have any

effect on the people of your
community, on your family and
even on yourself?
Write your opinion and answer the previous questions.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Activity 1.1
Write the names of the different festivals you know.
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Activity 1.2
According to your opinion, complete the following information.
A traditional festival is: ____________________________

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Traditional festivals are not good for

Traditional festivals are good for my
my community because: _________
community because: ____________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
________
Learn more
Clothes, music and food are very important in traditional festivals. The following
chart will give you more vocabulary to express yourself when you want to talk about
festivals.
Activity 1.3
Look at the following vocabulary. There are three different categories: clothes,
meals–food and musical instruments. Choose the words and write them in the co-
rresponding column. There are 15 words in each category.
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breakfast meat balls
Describing
Describing
dress
activities
activities that
that took
took
handkerchief
place
place in in
fish
the
the past
past
apron cymbals tomato sauce ice cream belt
olives lunch flute harp saxophone
shirt cloak shawl xylophone mashed potatoes
drum stew supper keyboard tambourine
scrambled high heeled hat soup organ

eggs shoes
underwear guitar clarinet trombone steak
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violin trumpet fruits skirt piano
scarf trousers bow vegetables neckerchief
Clothes Meals - Food Musical Instruments
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Activity 1.4
Your family is preparing to celebrate an important festival in your community. Look

at the vocabulary from the previous activity and write a short message to a friend.
Invite him /her to the festival and tell him/her the name of the festival, the clothes
people are going to wear, the food people are going to eat and the instruments the
musicians are going to play.
Dear friend,
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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La Bamba
“La Bamba” is a Mexican

folk song, originally from the state
of Veracruz. It combines Spanish,
indigenous, and African musical
elements. The song is typically played
on one or two arpas jarochas (harps)
along with a type of guitar called
the jarana jarocha and the requinto
jarocho. The dance displays the
newly-wed couple’s unity through the
performance of complicated, delicate
steps in unison as well as through
creation of a bow from a listón, a long
red ribbon, using only their feet.
Available at: http://www.listnerd.com/list/best-musical-game-song-off-all-

time. Read
Newly-wed couple: Two people just married.

Ribbon: A narrow strip of material, used for decoration.
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Activity 1.5
In pairs, look at the following pictures and describe what you see. In turns, tell each
other the place where they are, what they are doing, the clothes and colors they are
wearing, the instruments they are playing, the food people are eating, etc.
Can you identify where the pictures were taken? _____________________________
Is there something similar in your community? _______________________________
Name the similarities__________________________________________________
Are there many differences in your community? Write some of those differences.
___________________________________________________________________
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Activity 1.6
It is important to reflect on your learning. Mark with an X the things you can
do up to now.
Check list
1. Identify, write and say the meaning of some irregular verbs in

the simple past.
2. Differentiate sentences in affirmative, negative and interroga-
tive form, in the present simple and in the simple past.
3. Name and use some vocabulary related to food, clothes and
music in festivals.
4. Write a short story using your previous knowledge and incor-

porate the new information you have learned.
5. Describe with a partner some pictures with respect and open-

ness.
6. Talk about some festivals of a particular culture in Mexico.
if you need it.
Learn more
Narrative text
To narrate is to tell a story. A narrative is a description of events, especially in a story

or novel.
A narrative text is a story that entertains the reader or listener. It is a description of

events, especially in a tale or novel. A narrative text will tell a story (usually about
something that happened to you) in such a way that the readers learn a lesson or
gains insight.
A personal narrative is a story typically written from the writer’s point of view. It can
also express an incident that happened to someone else.
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Learn more
Writing a narrative text
There are several ways to express sequences in narrative

events:
Continuing: first, then, after that, next, as soon as, imme-

diately, finally.
Interrupting: Suddenly, unexpectedly.
The focus of a narrative written text is the plot, which has

to include enough details to build to a climax.
The narrative text needs to include the following elements:
An emotional • It is usually told chronologically. The sequence of

experience is often events is the order things happen in a narrative text.
the subject of a • It usually has a purpose, which is usually stated in
personal narrative. the opening sentence.
Karen LoBello • It may use dialogue.
• It is written with sensory details and vivid descrip-
tions to involve the reader. All these details relate in
some way to the main point the writer is making.
A narrative text needs to include an introduction, main body and conclusion. The
introduction, the first paragraph of a personal narrative introduces the subject, and
sets the scene for what is about to follow. It has to be clearly identified the experien-
ce you are about to relate and clearly explained who was involved and when and
where the incident occurred.
The main body of the narrative text has to describe the plot as it happened. Sufficient
details help to make the characters real.
The last paragraph of a personal narrative, the conclusion, brings the information
together and closes the story. It describes the resolution.
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Activity 2.1
Read part 1 of a narrative text about Gina’s dream and answer the questions.
Part. 1 Gina´s dream
When one of my dreams became true
When I was a child I was a very ordinary girl, I enjoyed playing with my dolls
and friends, I used to ride the bicycle twice a week, and of course, I loved
plenty of candies. I didn´t have any brother or sister, but happily, I had many
cousins who were like my brothers. I had a wonderful dog whose name was
Tintin; we used to play a lot each day.
My grandmother loved festivals; she usually participated in the dancing

group, she taught us some dances. We performed several times in the
Church´s and school’s festivals.
I remember very well that one day, while we were dancing, it began to rain
very heavily. At the beginning we didn´t know what to do, but we continued
dancing.
It was a wonderful experience and from that moment on, I realized that
festivals bring people together and that they are really an expression of
ourselves; they bring happiness to the community.
I was only 7 years old when I had a dream. I wanted to be a member of

a cultural group and share my Mexican traditions with people all over the
world.
After 10 years, my dream became true.
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Describing that
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the past
Right or wrong. Double entry box

Read the following statements from part 1 of the reading from Gina’s dream and put
a check if the sentence is right or wrong. If the statement is wrong, write the correct
information and check the answers with your classmates.
Part 1. Right Wrong Correct information

1 Gina enjoyed playing tennis.
2 Her grandmother loved festivals.

Gina didn’t participate in school's
3
festival when she was a child.
She was 12 years old when her
4
dream arose.
She only wanted to share her tradi-
5
tions with mexican people.
Reflect on the following questions
When you were a child, did you have any particular dream to
follow? Which one?
______________________________________
As a young person, do you have any dream for your future?
Write it down.
___________________________________________________________
Learn more
Remember that the simple past is used to express a past action that has now finished.
Example: The teacher left two hours ago.
The time expressions that are used with the simple past are for example: last year,
last month, five days ago, yesterday, in 1990.
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the past
past
The past continuous expresses a past activity that has duration.
Example: I met my girlfriend while I was studying secondary school.
With the past continuous, the exact moment in time is always clear: at one o´ clock
in the afternoon, at midnight, during recess.
The past continuous expresses an activity in progress before, and probably after, a
time in the past.
Example: It was raining when I woke up this morning.
The past continuous of any verb is composed of two parts:
1. The past tense of the verb to be (was /were)
2. The base of the main verb + ing.
Affirmative
Subject Verb to be (past) Base form verb + ing

You, we, they were singing.
I, he, she, it was dancing.
Negative
Subject Verb to be (past) Base form verb + ing

You, we, they were not = weren’t singing.
I, he, she, it was not= wasn’t dancing.
Interrogative
Verb to be Subject Base form verb + ing ?

Were You, we, they singing?
Was I, he, she, it dancing?
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Activity 2.3
Tell a specific time in the past when you were doing these things. Write it down.
Example: study - I was studying at 10: 00 last night.
1.Sleep: _____________________________________________________
2.Study: _____________________________________________________
3.Watch television: _____________________________________________
4.Walk to school: ______________________________________________
5. Eat breakfast: _______________________________________________
Learn more
If you want to ask questions about a particular moment in the past, you can use:
“What were you doing…?
Example: at seven o´ clock this morning
Question: What were you doing at seven o´ clock this morning?

Answer: I was eating breakfast.
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Activity 2.4
Use the following times of the day and write the corresponding question. Write your
possible answers.
1. at six o´ clock this morning

A:
B:
2. at this time yesterday
A:
B:
3. before you came to school
A:
B:
4. last Sunday at 11:00 a.m.
A:
B:
Past continuous
Interrupted actions in the past
We use the past continuous to indicate that an action was in progress in the past
and was interrupted. Sometimes a continuous past event (such as running, rea-
ding, eating, talking, dancing, sleeping, jumping, etc.) is interrupted by a momentary
event. In these cases, we use the past continuous for the continuous event and the
simple past for the momentary event.
Examples: The childen were playing.

The mother was sleeping.
We also use the past continuous to describe several actions in progress at the same
time in the past, usually to set a scene.
Examples:
Last night at 7:00 pm:
My father was cooking.
My mother was watching TV.
Mary and Peter were playing.
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Past continuous form
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When and While

When introduces a second action. The second action interrupted the on going action.
Use the simple past with the when clause and the past continuous for the ongoing
action.
You use while and the past continuous with two actions in the same sentence to
express the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions
are parallel.
Examples:
The baby was sleeping when the telephone rang.
John was jumping the rope when he fell and broke his leg.
The children were marching while the boy was selling snacks.
Simultaneously: (Adverb). Something happening

at the same time.
Ongoing: Continuing to exist, happen or progress.
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Activity 2.5
Write the verbs into the past continuous or simple past.
1.A: What ______________ (you/do) when the phone _______ (ring)?

B: I ______________ (watch) television.
2.A: Where __________ (you / be) when the teacher ________ (come)?
B: I ____________ (buy) some water to drink.
3. A: Why ___________ (you / ride ) your bicycle so fast?

B: Because I ________ (have) to take the letters to my uncle.
4. A: What _______________ (your father / do) when your mother _______ (fall)
B: He _____________ (visit) my grandparents.
5.A: Where ___________ (you/ be) while your friends ______________ (organi-
ze) the competition?
B: I ___________________ (buy) the snacks for the school party.
Write when or while accordingly.
1.My friend was singing ________ the electricity went off.
2.Last night I was cleaning my room _________ my sister was studying.
3. It was raining very heavily ___________ my classes finished.
4. My brother was swimming in the river _______ he saw a big fish.
5. Many people were dancing in the church ________ the fireworks were star -
ting.
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Activity 2.6
On the activity 2.1, you read the part 1 of a narrative text about Gina’s dream. Do you
remember what was that dream? If you do, write it down, if you don’t then go back to
the activity and read the text again.
Gina’s dream was: ___________________________________________________
Now, we will continue with the second part of her story. In pairs and in turns, read
the second part of the story and underline all the verbs you find in the simple past
and past continuous. Add the new words to your Glossary and check the meaning
in your dictionary.
Part 2. Cumbre Tajin Festival
When I was 17, I was part of a dancing club and we had the opportunity to
perform in different parts of the country. One of my favorite places was in
Veracruz during the Cumbre Tajin. When we arrived there, The Voladores
de Papantla were climbing the post. I was amazed by the surrounding area;
there were thousands of people watching.
We saw 5 men climbing the post. They were dressed in red pants and a white
shirt, a cloth across the chest and a cap. The clothes were embroidered
and decorated beautifully, their hat was adorned with flowers for fertility and
the mirrors representing the sun.
Later on, while the Voladores were performing, the tourists were taking a lot of
pictures.
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I knew that this festival celebrates the spring season as a time of renovation.
We were really taken by this traditional celebration and when I was running to
take a close picture of the Voladores de Papantla, the director called us to go and
prepare ourselves for the presentation.
After a while, our director explained to us that The Dance of the Voladores de
Papantla, is an ancient ceremony originated possibly by the Totonac people who
wanted to ask the gods to end a severe drought and bring back the rain because
the people were suffering a lot.
Two years after our presentation in Tajin, Veracruz, our cultural group was invited
to an extraordinary tour out of Mexico. When I got the news, I couldn’t believe it.
The organizers of the festival in Tajin were inviting us to perform in three different
continents; in Asia, Africa and Europe. I couldn’t believe it. When I gave the news
to my parents, my mother was drinking water and
she dropped the glass. She was really surprised,
(just like myself; and we both were filled with joy
and happiness).
Luckily, we all got permission from our parents and

we began our extraordinary journey.
Our first stop was in China, then Ghana in West

Africa and after a while, in The Netherlands in
Europe.
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Activity 2.7
Make a list of the verbs in simple past and past continuous you underlined.
Verbs in simple past Verbs in past continuous
Activity 2.8
Read the second part of the story again and complete the following sentences.
1.When Gina and her group arrived in Cumbre Tajin,

_____________________________________________________________.
2.While the Voladores were performing the celebration,

_____________________________________________________________.
3.When Gina was running to take a close picture of the Voladores de Papantla,
_____________________________________________________________.
4.When Gina gave the news to her parents,

_____________________________________________________________.
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Activity 2.9
In pairs complete the following sentences from part 2 of Gina’s dream. In turns one
student says the first part of the sentence and student 2 the second part.
First part of the sentence Second part of the sentence
1 I was part of a dancing club and…
When I was running to take a close

2
picture of the Voladores,
3 I knew that this festival celebrates…
4 A cloth across the chest and a cap,
The Dance of the Voladores de

5
Papantla is…
After two years of our presentation

6
in Tajin, Veracruz.
7 When I gave the news to my parents,
8 Our first stop was…
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Activity 2.10
Imagine you were one of the observers at Cumbre Tajin, and you were watching Gina
and her group dancing. Complete with your own information the following sentences.
1. When Gina and her partners were dancing,

______________________________________________________________.
2. The Director was checking the sound while

______________________________________________________________.
3. The people in the Cumbre Tajin were clapping when

______________________________________________________________.
4. Some sellers were shouting while

______________________________________________________________.
5. The women in the festival were talking when

______________________________________________________________.
Learn more
Connectors
A connector is a word that links two or more words or sentences together. We use
the connectors of sequence to order events. The most popular connectors are:
last, first, next, then, after that, later on or after a while and finally.
Examples:
Last Saturday I had a beautiful day.
First, I received the visit of my best friend.
Next, my mother prepared for us something very delicious.
Then, we ate together.
After that, we went to play.
Later on, we rested because we were tired.
Finally, my friend went back home.
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past
Activity 2.11
Choose the correct connector of sequence from the box and complete the paragraph.
finally after that then first next
Yesterday, I had a difficult day. _________ I got up late, so I had to run to take the
bus. ______, I missed the bus. I arrived late for my exam. _______, my teacher
told me to hurry up because my classmates were about to finish their exams.
____________, I noticed that the exam was not that difficult and I relaxed a bit.
___________, when I wanted to eat my lunch, I realized that I didn’t bring it and I
_______________was really hungry.

Cotton candy is a treat
found at nearly all festivals
and street fairs.
Cotton candy in its current form is a

relatively new sweet at only a hundred
years old, but versions of cotton candy
called spun sugar were popular with the
upper class dating back to the 1400s in
Italy.
And you, do you like “algodones” (cotton candy)? Why? ______________________

__________________________________________________________________
Current: Of the present time, happening now.
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Activity 2.12
Finally, you will read the last part of Gina’s dream. Do you remember the festival
she talked about in part 2? Write the name of it: ________________________. After
that, underline the connectors of sequence you may find (first, then, after, later on,
finally).
Part 3. International Festivals
First, we arrived in China. There we had a presentation during the Dragon Boat
Festival. It was amazing! People were eating a lot of rice dumplings. They were
racing dragon boats, hanging icons of a mythic guardian figure called Zhong Kui
and they were wearing perfumed medicine bags. Then, we heard that all of these
activities were supposed to promote good health and well-being of the people in
the community.
After, we saw some boats. What I liked the most was the dragon boat we had
the opportunity to race. It had the front end shaped like open-mouthed dragon,
decorated with bright designs. We were only two days in China because we had
to fly to Ghana.
Later on, in the north of Ghana we were

present during one of the most traditional
festivals in a city called Tamale. It was
the Takai festival.
We saw plenty of men gathered around

with drums and dances. The dancers
were dressed with a traditional clothes
called smock.
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They were gathered in large circles where

some of them were playing the drums.
Some other members of the African group
were dancing holding a metal wand in
their hand. After a while, when the dancers
turned towards each other, they touched
each other’s wand creating a big sound.
It was a colorful and vibrant part of the Ghanaian culture.
From Ghana, we traveled to the Netherlands. This festival was a bit different
but awesome. We didn’t have to dance; the only thing
we had to do was to admire…
Our words could not describe the beauty we were ob-

serving. It was a fabulous tulip spring garden. There
were many people from different parts of the world
walking, cycling, and enjoying the tulip garden shows, mosaic pathways and
photography competitions.
The tulip gardens were really beautiful, inspirational and like works of art.
When I was taking the pictures, my mind brought me back to Mexico. How I
wish my family was there with me, but luckily, my journey was about to finish.
Back in Mexico, when I had the chance to write all these memories, I con-
cluded that festivals were really important for humanity, for my family and of
course, for myself.
Finally, I could say that, thanks to my love for traditional festivals, my dream
as a child came true; I was a member of a cultural group and I could share
my Mexican traditions with people from three different continents.
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Activity 2.13
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The following table includes traditional festivals from various continents. Match the
festival and the place where they come from.
Dragon boat
Tajin Festival Takai Festival Tulip Festival
Festival
1 Takai Festival a Veracruz, Mexico, America

The answers are:
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 Dragon boat Festival b 1____, 2___,
Europe
3___, 4___
3 Tajin Festival c Tamale, Ghana, Africa
4 Tulip Festival d Beijing, China, Asia
Activity 2.14
Read the following statements from part 3 of Gina’s dream and put a check if the
sentence is right or wrong. If the statement is wrong, write the correct information
and check the answers with a partner.
Part 1. Right Wrong Correct information

The festival in China was supposed
1
to promote the market.
The festival in Ghana didn’t have
2
any music.
The festivals in Ghana and China
3
were very colourful.
The festival in Amsterdam was like
4
a spring tulip garden show.
5 Gina didn’t find festivals important.
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Activity 2.15
Make groups of 3 students and read the three parts of Gina’s narrative
text: Part 1: Gina’s dream; Part 2: Cumbre Tajin Festival; Part 3: Inter-
national Festivals and answer the following questions. Then discuss it
with your group.
1. How do you think that the family of Gina influenced in her love for traditional
festivals? __________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. What were the four festivals that Gina wrote about in her diary and what were
the main activities people were doing?
Name
Activities
3. Do you consider that traditional festivals were something that motivated Gi-
na’s life? How?, and why do you think that?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Mexico is in The Netherlands

China is in Asia Ghana is in Africa
América is in Europe
Fireworks are
important in festivals!
Do you think that people all over the world need to have traditional
festivals? Why?
What can you do to promote the positive aspects of traditional

festivals in your community?
Write your conclusion and share your opinion with a classmate.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________ ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Activity 2.16
Very briefly, identify your progress up to now. Mark with an X the things you
can do.
Check list
1. Identify the main points of a narrative text about traditional

festivals.
2. Find the verbs in simple past and past continuous in a

narrative text.
3. Name and identify in a narrative text the activities people do in

traditional festival.
4. Work in small groups to share my opinion about traditional

festivals.
5. Present my opinion in public while talking about traditional

festivals and its importance in our community.
6. Summarize the information of the four festivals Gina’s story

was talking about.
7. Discuss with my classmates the four festival and identify the

places where they were celebrated.
Learning a second language not only

Check the elements you didn’t
has cognitive & academic benefits,
achieve and work on them. it also
Ask your teacher for help if you

need it.
supports a greater sense of open-

ness to –- and appreciation for- other
cultures.
-- Tochon, 2009.
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Activity 2.17
In small groups complete the following sentences from the boxes of the graphic
organizer. The sentences are related to simple past, past continuous, when and
while.
Remember that a graphic organizer is a communication tool that uses visual symbols
to express knowledge, concepts, thoughts or ideas, and the relationships between
them. They can help you organize, classify and visualize your ideas to communicate
more effectively.
We use the past

The simple past is
continuous to
used….
indicate…
The time expressions that

The past continuous is
are used with the simple
Past composed of two parts…
past are…
When
While
When introduces a second We use while and the past

action. The second action… continuous with…
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Activity 3.1
Write a narrative text using the following criteria:
1. The principal topic of the writing has to be related to a traditional festival or

event.
2. The introduction needs to have the name of the festival, the place where it
is celebrated and the date of the celebration.
3. The main part of the narrative text has to describe the typical clothes people
wear, the typical food people prepare, the principal activities people organize
for that festival or event, the roles that men and women of that community play
during the preparation of the festival or event and during the day of the festival
or event.
4. The conclusion of the writing has to present the personal opinion of the
student.
5. The writing has to include the use of simple past and past continuous.
6. It has to present at least four sentences with WHEN or WHILE.
7. It needs to have at least four paragraphs (of about 50 words each), using
some connectors of sequence such as first, next, then, after, later on and fina-
lly.
8. It has to include some drawings of the most representative items of the

festival or event. It could be some drawings of the clothes, food or music of the
festival.
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Activity 3.2
Share your writing with your classmates. If you have any questions, ask your teacher
for help and correct any mistake you could have found. Finally, paste your narrative
text on the school bulletin board.
Activity 3.3
Coevaluation. Get in pairs and evaluate the narrative text of your classmate using
the following rubric.
0-Didn´t 1-Not 4-Very

2-Regular 3-Good 5-Excelent
accomplished enough Good
Criteria 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. The main theme of the text is about a festival or
event.
2. The introduction includes the name of the
festival or event, place and date of it.
3. The body of the text includes elements of the
traditional festival or information about typical
food, clothing and principal activities realized.
4. The narrative text includes the roles that men
and women play before and during the festival
or event.
5. The text´s conclusion includes author´s opinion.
6. Narrative text includes sentences with
the proper rules for past simple and past
continuous.
7. The text includes at least four sentences with
When, while or relative pronouns.
8. Narrative text contains at least four paragraphs
and connectors like first, next, then, finally, after
or later on.
9. Narrative text includes drawings of the most
representative items of the festival or event,
such as clothing, food or music.
10. The narrative text is written without spelling
and grammar mistakes.
At the end of the co-evaluation, summarize the points and check your score:
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Score Results
The narrative text doesn´t includes the characteristics of this type of
0-15
document (or just in few cases)
16 -35 The narrative text includes the basic rules, doesn´t have them all.
The narrative text includes all the characteristics for this type of
36-50
document. Can be read easily and has no mistakes.
Discuss this evaluation and the whole experience with classmate and your teacher.
Learn more
Oral communication is the process of expressing information or ideas by word of

mouth. Learn more about the types and benefits of oral communication, and find out
how you can improve your own oral communication abilities.
Activity 4.1
The following activity will help you practice your English in an informal way.
You have to remember one of the festivals you recently went to or any festival that you
attended. Try to imagine all the context of the festival and complete the information
of the page My Talkative Palm.
When you finished, share your answers with your classmates.
Make complete questions like:
Did you go to The Death festival last November in Janitzio?
Were people at The Death festival placing flowers on the tomb?
Take the chance to interact with your classmates and share your experiences
together.
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My talkative palm
Name of the festival where you

were present:
Date of the celebration of the You went to the festival with:

festival:
Activities people were doing in Activities you were doing during

the festival: the festival:
Things you liked of the festival: Things you didn’t like of the
festival:
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Closure activity
Activity 4.2
Take the information from the activity My Talkative Palm and sit together with one
of your classmates to talk about it. Add your personal impressions and ask your
partner to sign your worksheet as an expression of collaboration and friendship.
This partner has been a witness of your experience in a festival. Finally, thank your
friend and if there is still time, go to another partner and listen to his/ her experience.
Worksheet: It is a piece of paper on

which activities are worked.
Activity 4.3
Evaluate your pair activity using the following rubric.
0-Didn´t 1-Not 4-Very

2-Regular 3-Good 5-Excelent
accomplished enough Good
Criteria 0 1 2 3 4
1. The conversation was about the information of “My
talkative hand” activity.
2. Both of us participated in the and shared our
information
3. Included sentences with the proper rules for past
simple and past continuous, as well as connectors.
4. The conversation was rightly understood by both
participants.
5. The time we spent sharing information was at least
10 minutes.
6. We listened carefully to each other and showed
respect to her/his participation.
At the end of the evaluation, summarize the points and check your score:
Score Results
The dialogue didn´t take place with the information of “My talkative
0-8
palm” and didn´t use the grammar rules for this block.
The dialogue contained the information of the activity, but the couple
9 - 16
used a few sentences with past simple and past continuous.
The couple talked easily and had no mistakes using past simple,
17 - 24
past continuous and shared all the information about the festivals.
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Self-evaluation
took
that place
took in in
place the past
the past
Mark the box that corresponds to your level of achievement with an X, you need to
be honest.

of? capable of
Identify vocabulary
related to clothing,
music and food in
different festivals or
events.
Identify the
characteristics and
rules for past simple,
past continuous and
the use of when and
while.
Use different
connectors (such as
first, then, after, later,
finally).
I learn about festivals
of my community,
Mexico and other
countries.
Narrative text includes
my experiences and
sentences with the
proper rules for past
simple and past
continuous.
I feel comfortable when
I share information in
english (written and
spoken).
I know the importance
of my community´s
festivals and my
cultural heritage.
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and in where do you need to improve.
Finaly

Which were the most important learnings that you achieve in Block III?
My conclusions are:
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My progress
past
Generic and academic competences block III
Generic Competencies Characteristic Level

1. Knows and values
her/himself and
deals with pro-
blems and cha-
llenges taking into
consideration the
goals she/he has.
4. Listens and ex-
his life.
rent work groups

and social practi-
ces
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Academic competencies
present.
2. Asses a text comparing its content with others, using her/his previous
and new knowledge.
8. Appreciates the logical thought of communication process in her/his
daily and academic life.
12. You use Information and Communication Technologies in order to
research, solve problems, create documents and sends information.
When you finish to answer these scales, show them to your teacher and talk about your
progress.
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BLOCK IV
Making requests and giving instructions
Making
Making requests
requests and
and giving instructions
Block IV

12
HORAS
abordan
Competencias disciplinares que se
1. Vocabulary: activities at home.
desarrollan
2. Grammar: • Identifica, ordena e interpreta las ideas, datos
• Phrasal verbs y conceptos explícitos e implícitos en un texto,
• Modal verbs: may, can, considerando el contexto en el que se generó
y en el que se recibe.
• could
• Object pronouns: me, you, him, su contenido con el de otros, en función de
her, them, us, it sus conocimientos previos y nuevos.
• Produce textos con base en el uso normativo
de la lengua, considerando la intención y si-
tuación comunicativa.
Recomendaciones para el coherentes y creativas, con introducción, de-
sarrollo y conclusiones claras.
aprendizaje (actividades) • Valora el pensamiento lógico en el proceso
comunicativo en su vida cotidiana y acadé-
Para el logro en el desarrollo de mica.
competencias, deberás realizar en • Identifica e interpreta la idea general y posible
cada uno de los bloques: actividades desarrollo de un mensaje oral o escrito en una
individuales y de trabajo colaborativo segunda lengua, recurriendo a conocimientos
que te permitirán la práctica en la previos, elementos no verbales y el contexto.
escritura, el habla y la escucha • Se comunica en una lengua extranjera me-
del idioma inglés. Al finalizar cada diante un discurso lógico, oral o escrito, con-
bloque realizarás un conjunto de gruente con la situación comunicativa.
• Utiliza las tecnologías de la información y co-
actividades de cierre para evidenciar
municación para investigar, resolver proble-
tus aprendizajes.
mas, producir materiales y transmitir informa-
ción.

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lockIVIV
Introduction
Making requests
Making andand
requests giving instructions
giving instructions
Block IV, Making suggestions and giving instructions is the last block of your English course.
For that reason, you will have the opportunity to recall some of the knowledge you acquired
before and gain new concept through this block. At the end of the block, you will prepare a
role-play and present it to the rest of your classmates. You will do this activity in pairs, but
it will be very demanding because it will ask from you the confidence and trust you have in
all the knowledge of English you have gotten so far. I hope you will enjoy this closing and
prepare yourself to be always ready for new and better opportunities.
What is the purpose of block IV?

In block IV you will have the opportunity to recall some of the knowledge you acquired
before and gain new concept through this block. Some of the main points you will get and
practice are the phrasal verbs; the modal auxiliaries can, could and may, as well as the
object pronouns. You will increase your vocabulary with the names of the activities you do in
ordinary days in the school and at home. Moreover, you will identify the formal and informal
way to make a request and to make a suggestion. At the end of the block, you will prepare
in pairs a role-play and present it to the rest of your classmates. The dialogue presented in
the role-play will be your own creation. In that way, you will be using the abilities of speaking,
writing, reading and listening in English.
Learning evidences
The competencies proposed in this block will be evaluated through your activities which are
called your final learning evidences. You need to write the name and number of the block,
the number of the activity and the date in your English notebook.The main activities you
need to have at the end of the block are:
What do I
know?
Let’s begin
A. Complete 1.1 Matching 2.1 Picture 3.1 Finish the
4.1 Write sentences
the charts activity description sentences
B. Matching 1.2 Write phrasal 3.2 Write the
2.2 Look and write 4.2 Make requests
activity verbs names
C. 1.3 Complete with
2.3 Group work 3.3 Pair activity 4.3 Matching activity
Conversation phrasal verbs
D.Crossword 1.4 Group activity 2.4 Write questions 3.4 Joseph’s story 4.4 Group dialogues
1.5 Choose 2.5 Complete chart 3.5 Drawing 4.5 Check list
1.6 Write a 2.6 Counting
4.6 Dialogue
description activity
4.7 Pair activity.
2.7 Group report
New dialogue
2.8 Complete
4.8 Rubric
When you finish one of information
the activities, paint the 2.9 Check list Closure activity
box to indicate it. Pair activity
2.10 Add information
Role-play
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What do you know?

A. Complete the following charts. Make short sentences using the verb STUDY.
Personal Present simple

Pronoun Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I I study. I don’t study. Do I study?
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Personal Present Continuous

I I am studying. I am not studying. Am I studying?
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
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Simple Past
instructions
giving instructions

I I studied, I didn’t study. Did I study?
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
B. Match the questions with their corresponding answers.
Questions Answers
a. If I am sad, I talk to my
friends.
1. What is your name?
b. When I was a child I used
2. How old are you? to ride my bike.
3. What’s your date of birth? c. P-O-R-T-L-A-N-D
4. How do you spell that? d. My name is Jacqueline Lo-

pez.
5. What do you do if you have a fi-
nal exam? e. If it is raining when I go to
school, I take my umbrella
6. What do you do if you are sad? or run to school.
7. What do you do if it is raining f. I am 17.
when you go to school?
g. If I have a final exam, I go
8. What did you use to do when you with my friends to study to-
were a child? gether.
h. I was born on the 6th of
June, 1998.
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C. In pairs, practice conversation. One student says the question and the second
student gives the answer.
D. Crossword. Find 3 words related to recycling, 5 to clothes and 5 to food.
F I S H A E R R T O L E U
W E W S A R W F R L P G A
E W P O L L U T I O N G E
E E T O E W E A H W A R S
R B T H A T E A S W A R Y
T R D R E W E A E W S R W
D E C O M P O S E R A R A
I A D R E W E A E R L E E
O D D R F R U I T E T D D
L A B E E W E A E E A R R
I A E E R E C Y C L E E E
O E L S E W E E E E E S L
L D T T E S K I R T D S L
Were you able to complete the charts in the present simple, present continuous,
and in the simple past form? Did you remember the auxiliaries and
the form of the verb for the personal pronouns he, she and it?
Could you match the questions and answers correctly? Could you
find all the words in the crossword?
If you have any problem, it is time to ask your teacher for a general review before
you continue with your English lessons.
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Let´s begin
Phrasal verbs
A phrasal verb is a verb combined with an adverb or a preposition, or sometimes
both, to give a new meaning.
For example: get on
Sentence Meaning
Peter needs to take the bus, because he
Peter, get on the bus, please.
is leaving.
Peter has a nice relationship with his
Peter gets on well with his father.
father.
An adverb is a word that adds more information about place, time, manner, cause
or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb.
Sometimes a phrasal verb is followed by a preposition.
Phrasal
Preposition Example Meaning
verb
Mary always Mary doesn’t want to meet John;
run away from runs away from she leaves quickly when she sees
John. him.
Sometimes the phrasal verb has an object. Usually there are two positions for the
object. You can say:
Phrasal verb: turn on; Object: the computer
She turned on the computer. She turned the computer on.
But, if the object is a pronoun (me, you, him, her, etc.), there is only one possible
position for the phrasal verb.
Phrasal verb: turn on; Object: it (instead of the computer)
She turned it on.
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There are some phrasal verbs with a particular meaning. See the next chart.
Phrasal verbs Meaning Example
The children have to clean
1 Clean up /tidy up Make something clean.
up their room.
To enter a building by The robbers broke into my
2 Break into (something)
force. house last year.
Pamela is very sad be-
Break up (with some-
3 Stop the relationship. cause she broke up with
body)
her boyfriend.
Visit somebody for a My friends just dropped in
4 Drop in
short time. after school, yesterday.
Drop off (college, uni- Stop before the univer- Peter wants to drop off his
5
versity, etc.) sity is finished. studies.
When I went to get my
Fill in (a form, a ques- Write the necessary in-
6 passport, I had to fill in all
tionnaire) formation on a form.
the application forms.
Get out (of something To avoid doing some- I want to get out of this
7
you have arranged to) thing. work, but I can’t.
I don’t give up all my re-
8 Give up Stop doing something.
sponsibilities.
The milk is cold, please,
9 Heat up Make hotter.
heat it up.
My father has to look af-
10 Look after Take care of somebody. ter us when my mother is
away.
I don’t know where my
11 Look for Search for something. keys are. I have to look for
them.
Wait for an event with I look forward to meeting
12 Looking forward
anticipation. my friends from Canada.
It is raining! Look out, the
13 Look out Be careful.
floor is wet.
What’s the meaning of
Find the meaning in the plane?
14 Look up
dictionary.
Look it up in a dictionary.
Don’t shout, please! Anita
15 Wake up Stop sleeping. is sleeping and she is go-
ing to wake up.
You have an exam to-
16 Put off Delay doing something. morrow; don’t put off your
studies.
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Meaning
giving instructions
giving instructions
Example
My car ran out of petrol, I
Something that is fin- need to buy some.
17 Run out
ished.
To say goodbye to We went to the airport to

18 See (somebody) off
somebody. see the children off.
You really took after your
To look like an older
19 Take after (somebody) mother. Your eyes are the
member of your family.
same.
I like this blouse. I am go-
20 Try on Try some clothes.
ing to try it on.
To reduce the amount The music is too loud,
21 Turn down
of sound. please turn it down.
Henry, If you finish your
Stop the power from
22 Turn off /switch off homework, turn the com-
something.
puter off.
Give power to some- Turn on the television; I
23 Turn on
thing. want to listen to the news.
Take the rubbish out of the
24 Take ( it ) out Remove. basket and put it outside,
please.
Every day, my sister works
25 Work out Do physical exercises.
out in the gym.
Activity 1.1
Match the phrasal verbs with their corresponding meaning.

Relaciona el verbo compuesto con su significado correspondiente.
Phrasal verb Meaning
1 put off a To enter a building by force.
2 work out b Make something clean.
3 look out c Delay doing something.
4 clean up /tidy up d Be careful.
5 break into (something) e Do physical exercises.
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Activity 1.2
Look at the pictures and write the correct phrasal verb.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
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Activity 1.3
Making requests
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Read the sentences and complete them with the corresponding phrasal verb from
the box.
look after give up broke up heat up fill in try on

ran out take (it) out see (somebody) of turn off
turn down try them on turn the volume down
1. Don’t wait for me; I have to ______________________ my little sister.
2. I don’t know how to __________________________ this application.
3. My girlfriend doesn´t want to __________________ with her studies.
4. Beto has to ______________ the television before he goes to sleep.
5. I am very sad, I ____________________ with my best friend.
6. Sorry, I couldn’t come to the game, I ____________________ of time.
7. Our friends are leaving soon, we want to _____________ them _______.
8. We have to _________ the rubbish ________ of the classroom every day.
My mother is buying some shoes. She is going to _____________ them

9.
_____to check the size.
I love loud music, but my father usually asks me to ____________ the

10.
volume _____________.

There is hearing loss due to exposure to a sudden, loud noise
or exposure to loud noises for a period of time. A dangerous
sound is 85 dB (decibels) or higher. The normal decibels for
humans are 60-65 Db.
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Activity 1.4
Make groups of three. Cut out the following phrasal verbs and mix them all up. Put all
the cards on the table upside down. One student takes a card and reads it out loud;
if the card is a phrasal verb, the other two students have to search for the meaning
of it, if the card has the meaning of the phrasal verb, the rest of the students have to
find the phrasal verb.
Drop in Visit somebody for a short time.
Drop off (college, university, etc.) Stop before the university is finished.
Get out (of something you have ar-

To avoid doing something.
ranged to)
Give up Stop doing something.
Heat up Make hotter.
Look out Be careful.
Look up Find the meaning in the dictionary.
Wake up Stop sleeping.
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Activity 1.5
Choose 10 phrasal verbs and write a sentence with each one. When
you finish, share your answers with your classmates.
Phrasal verb No. Sentences
10
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Learn more
There are some phrasal verbs related to school or studies. Look at the following
chart.
Phrasal verbs Meaning Sentences

Add up Total. My teacher didn’t add up all my points.
I have to check in all the books my father
Check in Receive.
bought for me.
Take something from
My sister checked out some books from
Check out a particular place, for
the library.
example, the library.
My teacher didn’t receive my homework;
Do over Do it again.
I had to do it over.
To have something I have to finish up my homework if I want
Finish up
completely finished. to go out.
Hand in or turn Give something after it I handed in my composition on time, but
in. is done. my brother turned it in late.
Give something to The director handed out some new
Hand out
somebody. books to the students.
Our teacher handed the exams back to
Hand back Return.
all of us.
Read something very I usually look over my exercises before I
Look over
fast or quickly. take an exam.
Our teacher told us to write up the final
Write up Write completely.
report.
Activity 1.6
Write a short description of some of the activities you do in the school. Use 5
phrasal verbs from the previous chart.
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Vocabulary
For the next activities is necessary that you understand the following terms:
A house is a building for people to live in, usually for one family.
Household includes all the people living together in a house.
Householder chores are all the activities connected with looking after a house and
the people living in it.
Housework is the work involved in taking care of a home and family, for example
cleaning and cooking: to do the housework.
Activity 2.1
Look at the following pictures and answer the questions.
1. What do you feel when you see these two pictures? Write it down.
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B. Do you think that boys and girls need to help with the housework duties?
Why? Write it down.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
C. Sit together with a classmate and read the following

text. Write down your reflection in the box.
Duty: something
you have to do
because it is your
responsibility.
“Never worry about numbers. Help one person at a

time and always start with the person nearest you.”
Mother Teresa
Activity 2.2
Look at the following pictures and write the names of some housework duties. You
will find the names in the following chart.
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make dinner
iron the clothes
Making requests
Making
do the shopping
sweep the floor
andand
giving instructions
clean the house

mop the floor
do the laundry
make the bed
fold the towels set the table clean the table dust the house
do the dishes/do feed the dog/ feed take out the wash the windows/
the washing up the animals rubbish wash the car
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11. 12.
13. 14. 15. 16.
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Activity 2.3
Make groups of three students and write down

some of the housework duties each one of the
members has.
Our
housework
duties!
broom mop soap
bucket dustpan blanket
When you see the list of things you do at home, do you consider you
have to do something else? Why?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.
Activity 2.4
Take the information from the activity 2.3 and make questions in the present simple.
Give your own answers. Use the following ideas.
Activity Question Answer

Example: Do you make your bed? Yes, I do. I make my bed
make your bed before I go to school.
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Activity 2.5
In groups of three students, ask your teacher permission to go out of your classroom
and interview three teachers from other grades or five students from other classes.
Use the questions from the chart and mark X if the answer is yes or no.
Questions / 1 2 3 4 5
Teachers-students Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
1. Do you clean your
house?
2. Do you wash your
clothes?
3. Do you iron your
clothes?
4. Do you mop the floor

in your house?
5. Do you take out the
rubbish in your house?
6. Do you wash the car?
7. Do you make dinner?
8. Do you make your bed
before you come to
school?
9. Do you wash the dish-
es after you eat?
10. Do you go shopping?
11. Do you sweep your
house?
12. Do you fold your
clothes?
13. Do you set the table at
home?
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Activity 2.6
Count the Yes and No answers you got from each question and write the total on the
corresponding column.
Total
Questions / Teachers-Students Yes No
1. Do you clean your house?
2. Do you wash your clothes?
3. Do you iron your clothes?
4. Do you mop the floor in your house?
5. Do you take out the rubbish in your house?
6. Do you wash the car?
7. Do you make dinner?
8. Do you make your bed before you come to school?
9. Do you wash the dishes after you eat?
10. Do you go shopping?
11. Do you sweep your house?
12. Do you fold your clothes?
13. Do you set the table at home?
Activity 2.7
Write a report with the results you got. Include the number of people you interviewed
and the number of men and women you talked to. As a conclusion, write your personal
observations. Read the report to all your class and add their comments.
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Group report
giving instructions
giving instructions
We talked to ________ people in the school. _______ of them were men and
_______ were women.
We asked them 13 questions related to housework duties. The answers we got

are the following….
Our personal opinion is…
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Activity 2.8
Read the following text and complete the missing information with phrasal verbs or
housework duties. (hw is for housework duties and ph is for phrasal verb)
Yesterday, my mother asked me to 1(hw) ______________ . I put some water in

the bucket and I used the new mop.
I really wanted to 2(ph)_________________ the work, but my mother told me that

if I didn’t help her 3(ph)________________ the house, she would not let me play
with my friends.
This morning, my sister 4(ph) ________________ from the kitchen. She used a
plastic bag.
My father was outside the house 5(hw) __________________. He didn´t use a lot
of water and he left the car very nice.
My father was listening to music and my mother asked him to 6(ph)
_________________ because it was too loud.
Early in the morning, I find it very difficult to 7(hw) __________ my bed before I go
to school; the blankets are very heavy; so I usually ask my little sister to help me.
8(hw) I _______________ the dishes for her.
My eldest sister is very sad because she 9 (ph) _______________ with her boy-
friend. I am sure one day, she will find another boy and feel happy again.
What I enjoy the most are my studies. I don’t want to 10(ph) _________________.
Never!
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Activity 2.9
Identify your progress up to now. Mark with an X the things you can do so
far.
Check list
Remember how to form short sentences using present simple

and past simple.
Identify what phrasal verbs are.
Say the meaning of at least 10 phrasal verbs.
Write some sentences using phrasal verbs.
Identify the meaning of at least 10 different housework duties.
Match images related to housework duties and their meaning.
Use the phrasal verbs and the housework duties in a text

correctly.
Work in small groups to interview some teachers or students.
Reflect in small groups using specific information from the

interviews.
Write a report with no more than 10 mistakes.
Present a report in small groups to the class.
Share my own ideas and reflections on housework duties.
if you need it.
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A mexican example to be followed
The Triqui (like “TREE-key”) are among the dozens of indigenous

peoples who live in the mountains of southern Mexico’s Oaxaca state.
A basketball team from Rio Venado,

Oaxaca, the Triqui Kids, playing barefoot,
won the championship at the International
Festival of Mini-Basketball held in Argentina.
54 teams from various Argentine provinces

and countries such as Mexico, Bolivia,
Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Uruguay and
Venezuela, participated in the tournament.
A total of 8,000 kids were part of the championship held from October 11th
to 14th, 2013.
The seven games against six local teams finished with great scores: 86-3
over Celestes; 22-6 against Cordoba University; 72-16 against Central;
82-18 over Hindu; 44-12 against Monteeis and 40-16 over Regatas de
Mendoza.
The National Sports and Physical Culture Commission of Mexico named

the team as the “Barefoot Giants of the Mountains”.
Their coach and founder of the Mexican Indigenous Basketball Academy,
Sergio Zuñiga, thinks that hunger and poverty don’t stop the children. He
assures that the difficulties motivate the kids to show themselves as they
are; their character and inner strength.
The most important factor that determines who gets to be in the team is
to have good grades; they need to have a 8.5 grade -- out of 10 -- ld (in
elementary school). They are an example to all of us.
The most important element in the game is to have the “mentality of a

champion.”(Silverio Cruz, 9, a member of the Triqui basketball team)
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Coevaluation
Mark with an X the attitude and participation you showed during the reading
“A Mexican example to be followed” and the comparison and reflection on the
activities some students do at school.
I read the story of the Triqui kids with respect.
I asked my teacher for the meaning of the words I didn’t know, with patience.
I identified some positive attitudes from the Triqui kids.
I finished the activities on the time given by the teacher.
I participated with openness in all the activities.
I listened to my classmates when they gave their opinion.
I reflected on the activities I do in the school and wrote them down in order.
I could see the different activities students do in some other countries.
I appreciated the opinion of my classmates.
Talk to your teacher about your result.
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Activity 2.10
Read the following activities two students from different countries do in the school
and add your own information.
Mariana, from the USA Angeline, from Nigeria You, from Mexico
Mariana, from the USA

Studies at home. Prays in the school.
Sends her homework by
e-mail. Sings the national anthem.
Attends conferences on Attends classes with other

line. students.
Takes exams on line.

Participates in the after-
school clubs.
Participates in forums on
line.
Spends 6 hours in the school
Goes to school on from Monday to Friday.
Saturdays.
Takes exams in her
Pays her registration on classroom.
line.
Sends her doubts by Hands her homework on

e-mail. time every day.
Can you see some differences between the three students?

Why are they different?
Do you think that one is better than the others? Why?
___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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Object Pronouns
An object pronoun is a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that refers to a person or thing
that is affected by the action of the verb (called the direct object), or that the action is
done to or for (called the indirect object).
Object pronouns in English take the objective case, sometimes called the object
case. For example, the English object pronoun me is found in “They see me” (direct
object), “He’s giving me my book” (indirect object), and “Sit with me” (object of a
preposition).
Subject pronouns Object pronouns

I me
you you
he him
she her
it it
we us
you you
they them
Examples:
Subject Sentence Object Sentence

I I love Mary. me Mary loves me
You You love Mary. you Mary loves you.
He He loves Mary. him Mary loves him.
She She loves Mary. her Mary loves her.
It (the dog) It loves Mary. it Mary loves it.
We We love Mary. us Mary loves us.
You You love Mary. you Mary loves you.
They They love Mary. them Mary loves them.
These shoes are My friends are very

nice. They are nice.
new. I love them.
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We use me / you / him /her /it / us / them (object) after a preposition (for / to/ with,
at / etc.)
Examples:
This beautiful flower isn’ t for me. It’s for you.
We are going to the park. Do you want to come with us?
My brothers are going to organize a tournament. Do you want to participate

with them?
I am going to study Chemistry in Guanajuato. Do you want to come with me

to visit the school?
Activity 3.1
Finish the sentences with the corresponding object pronouns.
1. I don’t know those children. Do you know ___________________________?
2. I can’t find my keys. Do you see __________________________________?
3. I don’t want to see her, but she wants to see _________________________.
4. My boy doesn’t like pozole, but I love ______________________________.
5. Our teacher doesn’t love Karina, but she loves _______________________.
6. My best friend lost her books last week and we couldn’t find ____________.
7. We want to go to your party. Could you invite ________________________?
8. My dog is barking. I am going to feed ______________________________.
9. It is raining a lot. I really love _____________________________________.
10. Mrs. Sanchez is very kind to all the students. We love ____________ a lot.
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Making requests
Making andand
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When you want to express the activities you do every day, from the moment you
wake up until you go to sleep, you need to use the present simple. Remember that
the present simple expresses a fact that ordinarily happens. It also expresses a ha-
bit.
The spelling of the third person singular is different.
a. Most verbs add - s in the third person singular, but go and do are different,
they add - es; have is irregular.
Example: work – works; go – goes; do – does; have – has
b. If the verb ends in a consonant + y, the - y changes to - ies.
Example: study – studies.
Affirmative
I
you
play
we
they
football every Saturday.
he
she plays
it
Verb to have
I
you
have
we
they
very good friends.
he
she has
it
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Negative
I
you
begin
we don’t
they classes at 7 am.
he
she doesn’t begin
it
Interrogative
I
you
do
we
When they go to school?
he
does she
it
Yes / No questions – short answers
I
you Yes, I do. / No, I
Do have many brothers?
we don’t.
they
he
Yes, he does. / No,
Does she like tacos?
he doesn’t.
it
The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen,
heard, or even touched; they must be felt with the heart.
Helen Keller.
Live each day at a time!
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Activity 3.2
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Making andand
giving instructions
Look at the following pictures and write the names of some daily activities. You will
find the names in the following chart.
get up early do the homework play sports eat breakfast
take a shower watch tv go to school make lunch
brush your teeth put on makeup talk to your friend clean your room
get dressed brush your hair go to sleep listen to music
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11. 12.
13. 14. 15. 16

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Activity 3.3
Read the following questions and answer Yes or No according to your daily life. Then,
answer the questions giving your own opinion and share them with your partner.
Do you live your life to the full?
Questions Yes No Answers

Do you get up very early? At what time do
1
you get up?
Do you eat a big breakfast before you go to
2
school?
Do you eat your lunch with your family or do
3
you eat it alone?
Do you clean your room? How often do you
4
clean your room?
Do you brush your teeth after you eat?
5
Why?
6 At what time do you do your homework?
Do you have some extra activities in the af-
7
ternoon? What do you do?
Do you play sports every day? What kind of
8
sports do you practice?
Do you help your family with the house-
9
work? What do you do?
Do you go to sleep very late? At what time
10
do you go to sleep?
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Autoevaluation
Making requests
Making andand
giving instructions
Mark with an X the statements from the chart that shows the experience you
had with your partner while practicing your conversation in the activity 3.3.
I answered the entire yes / no questions.
I gave my own opinion in at least 8 questions.
I understood all the vocabulary used in the 10 questions.
My questions were coherent and grammatically correct.
I used the negative and interrogative auxiliaries correctly.
My partner answered all the questions.
The answers of my partner were grammatically correct.
I understood the pronunciation of my partner.
My partner understood my pronunciation.
We kept concentration in the activity and spoke with natural fluency.
My partner told me his/her own opinion.
We compared our own answers and shared with respect the information.
I thanked my partner for his/her openness and collaboration.
Talk to your teacher about your results.
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requests and
Activity 3.4
Listen to your teacher and follow the story. Underline the daily activities Joseph does.
Joseph’s dream
Joseph lives in a village near the river. His house

is very far from the school. He gets up at 6 a.m. He
has to go to school on foot because there are no
buses or roads. When it is raining a lot, he has to
stay at home because the river has a lot of water
and he cannot cross it.
Before he goes to school, John gets dressed with his uniform and eats his
breakfast. He drinks some atole with bread, or some beans with tortilla and
atole.
He studies all the subjects in Spanish even though all the students speak
purepecha. His school doesn’t have electricity, there is a generator. Because
of that, the students cannot use the three computers at the same time; they
have to use them in turns.
After Joseph finishes his classes, he goes back to his village to help his
parents. He goes fishing with his father during the weekend; on weekdays,
he stays at home and does his homework. He has to clean up his room and
sweep the floor of the house.
When Joseph finishes his housework, he goes out to play football with his
friends. He wants to become a lawyer and a professional football player.
At the end of the day, when there is no natural light, he goes to sleep at
8 pm.
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Making andand
giving instructions
Do you have a similar situation to Joseph’s in your community?

Do you also have some dreams as Joseph’s?
What are your dreams?
How can you work every day towards them?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_
Activity 3.5
Make a drawing of the most important activity you do every day. Trust that the time
you spend doing that, will help you reach your dreams.
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requests and
Learn more
Modal verbs can, could and may
Modals verbs are auxiliaries that add particular meanings to the main verb; express
our attitude, opinions, and judgments of events. They are used before other verbs
and add meanings, such as certainty, possibility, obligation, ability, and permission.
Examples: Could you come with me, please? (request)

You may have this book. (permission)
He could have some holidays after July. (possibility)
I can swim very well. (ability)
There is no -s in the third person singular.
Example: She can dance very well.
There is no do /does /don’t / doesn’t / in the question or negative.
Example: Could you give me that book, please?
Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without TO. The exceptions is ought to.
They have no infinitives and no – ing forms and they don’t have past forms. They
are auxiliary verbs because they “help” other verbs. They have their own meaning.
Can is used when we refer to possibility and ability, also to make requests and in
cases we ask for or give permission.
Examples: He can drive a car.

My brother can speak English.
Can you help me?
We often use Can in questions related to specific requests. The use of can in this
way is informal (mainly between friends and family).
Examples: Can you give me my medicine, please?

Can you close the door, please?
Can you call your mother, please?
Sometimes we use Can to ask for or give permission in an informal way:
Examples: Can I go to the bathroom, please?

Sure, you can.
The main verb is always in infinitive without “to”.

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Form Subject
Making requests
Making andand
requests giving
Auxiliary verb
instructions
giving instructions
Main verb Complement

I, you, he, she, it,
Affirmative can dance very well.
we, you, they
I, you, he, she, it, cannot
Negative dance very well.
we, you, they can’t
Form Auxiliary verb Subject Main verb Complement
I, you, he, she, it,
Interrogative Can dance very well?
we, you, they
Reference took froms http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_1.htm

read on july 10th, 2014.
Could is a modal auxiliary verb.
Could is used to talk about past possibility or ability, to make requests and also to
specify what we were able to do.
The main verb is always in infinitive, without “to”.
You use could to talk about what was possible in the past, what you were able to do:
Examples: I could climb a tree when I was a child.

My friends could ride their bicycles when they were younger.
Could is also used in questions, and is in a formal way:
Examples; Could you tell me where the church is, please?

Could you give me the telephone number of your teacher, please?
Form Subject Auxiliary verb Main verb Complement

I, you, he, she, very slowly, now
Affirmative could read
it, we, you, they I read faster.
I, you, he, she, could not very slowly, now
Negative read
it, we, you, they couldn’t I read faster.
I, you, he, she, very slowly
Interrogative Could read
it, we, you, they before?
Adaptado, disponible en http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_2.htm con-

sultado el 10 de julio de 2014.
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requests and
May is a modal auxiliary verb.
You use may when you are not sure about something.
Example: My grandfather may be coming to see us tomorrow.
You use may to make polite requests.

Example: May I borrow your book?
The main verb is always in infinitive without “to”.
Form Subject Auxiliary verb Main verb Complement

my, your, his,
I, you, he, she,
Affirmative may visit her, our, their
we, you, they
grandfather.
my, your, his,
I, you, he, she,
Negative may not visit her, our, their
we, you, they
grandfather.
my, your, his,
I, you, he, she,
Interrogative May visit her, our, their
we, you, they
grandfather.
Reference took from https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/es/english-grammar/verbs/modal-verbs/may-

might-may-have-and-might-have read on july 10th, 2014.
Activity 4.1
Write these requests and offers more polite. Use the next expressions.
Expression Polite sentence

1 Give me a glass of water.
2 Help me find my keys!
3 Come over for dinner tonight!
4 Give me your dictionary.
Can I help you with this
5
exercise?
6 Stop shouting!
7 Wash the dishes.
Can you give this book to my
8
teacher?
Go to the house and bring
9
me my wallet.
10 Don’t drive so fast.
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Question
Possible answer
Mother, could you help
Of course, I can. Let me
me, please? The school
take them all.
bags are very heavy.
Activity 4.2
Make requests using could you or could I following the example. After that, talk to a
classmate and make him / her those requests. Write down his /her answers.
Example: Send this package for me.

Question (Q): Could you send this package for me, please?
Answer (A): Yes, I can.
Have a glass of milk for my child.
1 Q:
A:
Close the window. It is raining.
2 Q:
A:
Turn down the volume of your radio.
3 Q:
A:
Help me. I don’t understand this lesson.
4 Q:
A:
Tell me where the library is.
5 Q:
A:

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Making
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requests and
Activity 4.3
Match the requests with the corresponding pictures.
May I go to the bathroom? Could I use your pencil?

Could you explain that again? Can I open the window?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Activity 4.4
Get together in groups of 4 students and describe all the pictures. Read the dialogues
and underline all the sentences that include requests in a formal and informal form.
Check your findings with the rest of the class.
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Peter (P) Jocelyn (J) Pamela (Pm) M (Mary) E(Evelyn) Rose (R)
P: Umm, this torta is really delicious. R: This is the book our teacher asked
us to look over.
J: Yes, it is very nice.
E: Yes, you are right. Let’s go to the
P: Do you know how Pamela is? Her librarian.
brother told me that she broke up with
her boyfriend. R: Excuse us. Could you lend us this
book? We need to do some home-
J: I heard she is fine, now. Could you work.
pass me some salt, please?
M: Of course I can. May I have your
P: Sure, here you are! Can you give me Identification Card, please?
some chile, please?
R: Oh, I’m afraid I forgot it, but my
J: I’m afraid, I can’t. They are finished. classmate has it.
P: Look, Pamela is coming. M: It is ok like that. For how many
Pm: Hi, Peter, hi Jocelyn. Can I have a days do you want to have the book?
sit with you? E: Could we have it for the whole
P and J: Sure, sit down, please. week?
P: How are you Pamela? Are you looking M: Mmmm, let me see. Sorry, I can’t
for some food? lend it to you for seven days, but you
can take it for three days.
Pm: No, not really, I am going to heat my
soup up, I brought some from home. R y E: Ok, don´t worry. Three days will
be enough to write up all our home-
Pm: By the way, don’t drop off your Jap- work.
anese classes, they are very interesting.
R: When do we have to hand the book
J: Could we see your notes, Pamela? back?
Pm: For sure, I will bring them tomorrow. M: Next Friday, please.
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Making
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requests and
Coach (C) Luis (L) Robert (R) Teacher (T) Student 1 (S1) Student 2
(S2)
L: Hi, coach, how are you?
T: Well, it is time to begin your exam.
C: Hi, Luis. Fine, thank you. Make sure you fill in your presentation
page.
L: Robert and I are here because we
want to join your football team. S1: Could you close the window,
please? It is windy.
C: That’s great! Finally you listened to
me, you both are very good players. T: Sure, let me do it.
R: Could you give us the forms to fill in S2: Excuse me. May I go to the bath-
our personal information? room?
C: Of course, but I’m afraid I don’t have T: Is it really an emergency? We’re sup-
them at this moment. I need to go to my posed to stay in the classroom until the
office and make some copies. Could you end of the exam.
come after the game to my office to get
them, please? S2: Yes, it is an emergency.
L and R: Sure, we can. T: Ok, you may go.
C: Remember you have to check in be- S1: Sir, could you help me with this
fore you go into the office. question, please? The instructions are
not very clear.
L: Don’t worry, we´ll do it.
T: Of course, I can. Please, listen every-
R: Could you tell us the time, please? body. There is a mistake on page 3. It
has to say “niece” instead of “nice”. Do
C: Oh, yes. It is a quarter to ten. it over.
L: Hurry up, Robert. I have to finish up S1: Teacher, I handed it in to you few
my report before I hand it in to our Math’s minutes ago. Could you hand it back to
teacher. me, please?
T: Yes, certainly, here you are.
Coach: A person who trains a team in sports.
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Activity 4.5
Mark with an X the statements from the chart that shows the attitude and
participation of each one of the members of your working group.
Check list
The four of us participated with equality and

respect.
We underlined the answers in all the dialogues.
Each one of us described the picture and the

rest of us listened to the description.
The four of us supported each other with
pronunciation and fluency.
The four members of us recognized the
vocabulary.
At least two of us identified the formal and
informal request.
At least two of us knew the phrasal verbs that
were included in the dialogues.
At least two of us knew the pronunciation of all
the dialogue.
The four members of our group decided who
would be the student who could present the
answers to the rest of the group.
if you need it.
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Making
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requests and
Activity 4.6
Read the following dialogue and identify the formal way to make a request. Circle the
phrasal verbs used in the dialogue.
Electrician (E) Mother (M)
E: Excuse me. May I come in, please?
M: Sure, come in. Could you help me with my new refrigerator, please?
E: Certainly, Madam. What can I do for you?
M: It is my new fridge. It doesn’t get cold anymore and the food is starting to get
bad.
E: Let’s look at it together. Could I have the manual, please? Maybe, it will be
fine to look over the instructions again.
M: I have already done it, but I gave up, I don’t understand Japanese.
E: Oh, yes, I understand. But look, there is a section in English. When you get a
bit of time, you could look out the instructions again.
E: Mmmm. I see what’s wrong. The electricity cable is not in the right place and
it looks bad.
M: May I go to the electricity shop to buy a new one?
E: I’m afraid you will not get this cable in any shop. I will go and look for it in
the factory. As your new refrigerator counts with its guarantee, you will get the
original cable. Could you please fill in this complain format? I need to hand it in
to my director and get the new cable. You will have it tomorrow.
M: That’s very kind of you, thank you very much.
Guarantee: A written promise given

by a company that something you
buy will be replaced or repaired.
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Making andand
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Activity 4.7
Follow the example of the dialogue of the activity 4.6 and in pairs write a new dialogue.
Think of an ordinary situation from home or from your daily activities in the school
when you have to make a request. Use formal expressions to make requests and
include at least 5 phrasal verbs.
Asking for help
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Making
Making requests
requests and
Activity 4.8
Look at the rubric, ask your classmate to evaluate your dialogue, mark with an X the
statements that manifest its characteristics and write his / her observations.
3 Excellent
2 Good
1 Needs improvement
Criteria 3 2 1 Observations
The dialogue includes the opinion

of the two of us.
The whole dialogue is in English

and has at least two participants.
The dialogue has at least 100

words.
The dialogue includes formal
requests.
The dialogue has at least five
phrasal verbs.
The dialogue manifests a request
for help from home or from the
school.
The dialogue has no more than 5
spelling mistakes.
The dialogue includes capital
letters, comas and final points.
The dialogue is coherent.
Total of points
Share the results with your teacher.
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Making andand
giving instructions
Closure activity
You are about to finish your English course. This activity will give you the opportunity
to practice most of the concepts you have learned. Use the dialogue you wrote with
your partner and prepare a role-play. Use your imagination and all the possible
resources you have to set the scenery. Practice the dialogue with your partner before
the presentation and try to memorize it. Enjoy the presentation. Act as if you were a
real actor.
Role-play is any speaking activity when you either put yourself

into somebody else’s shoes, or when you stay in your own shoes
but put yourself into an imaginary situation!
Evaluate your presentation using the following rubric.
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Making
Making requests
requests and
Needs to
Excellent (10) Good (8) Regular (5) Total
improve (2.5)
Learnings were
Learnings from Few learnings The text wasn´t
mentioned,
Block IV were were clear and
Content
although some
written and described, learnings wasn´t
of them weren´t
mentioned in but the mentioned when
expressed
the role-play information is the role-play took
during the role-
(2) not clear (0.8) (0)
play (1)
Se expresa con
Se expresa
tono y volumen
con tono y
de voz bajo, se
volumen de
escucha sólo
voz bajo, se
en la parte de
escucha sólo
enfrente del
en la parte de Se expresa con
aula. tono y volumen
enfrente del
Se comunica aula. de voz bajo, sólo
en una se escucha en la
Problemas primera fila.
segunda
en la
Speaks fluent lengua con pronunciación Demuestra
English and the algunos y dominio del inseguridad,
titubeos,
Exposition
tone of voice vocabulario. poco dominio del

is appropriate, aunque tópico y manejo
so everyone tiene buena Demuestra de vocabulario
can listen and pronunciación poca con nerviosismo y
understand the y dominio del seguridad titubeos.
exposition. vocabulario. y dominio
del tópico, Se limita a
Demuestra
nerviosismo y la lectura del
seguridad y material sin
titubeos
dominio del expresar sus
tópico, refleja Se limita a ideas claramente.
nerviosismo. la lectura (0.5)
del material
Expresa su
sin expresar
punto de vista
sus ideas
de forma crítica
claramente.
y reflexiva.
(1.2)
(1.5)
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Excellent
Excellent
(10)(10) Good
Making
Good
(8) (8)
requests
Making andand
requests giving
Regular
instructions
giving
Regular
instructions
(5) (5)
Needs
Needs
to to
Total
Total
improve
improve
(2.5)(2.5)
UseUse
different
different
means
meansat at All the
All the
scenes
scenes
Presentation
Presentation
the the
role-play,
role-play, TheThe
scenes
scenes
are are TheThe scene´s
scene´s
design
design
are are
the the
same,
same,
depends
dependson on creative
creative
andanduseuse shows showsfew few
changes
changestherethere
is no
is no
the the
scenesceneandandsome
some
materials
materials
for for
during
during
the the
role-play
role-play
difference
difference
useuse
different
different them
them
(1.5)(1.5) (1.2)(1.2) between
betweenthemthem
materials
materials
for for (1) (1)
themthem
(2) (2)
Grammar
Grammar MostMost
of the
of the
structures
structureswerewere timetime
therethere
in the
in the
dialogue,
dialogue, TheThestructures
structures were were
grammar
grammar
Grammar, spelling
Grammar, spelling
but but
the the
examples
exampleswere were
used used
in ain a andand spelling
spelling
UseUse
the the
weren´t
weren´t
enough
enough few fewcases,
cases,
several
severalmistakes,
mistakes, so so
gramatical
gramatical
(simple
(simple
sentences
sentencesmistakes
mistakes tooktook
place
place
´t enough
´t enough it it
structures
structures
werewere
used).
used).
Some
Someandandit didn´t
it didn´t
allow
allow waswashardhard
to to
andand
hadhad
few few
mistakes
mistakesare are an understanding
an understanding understandunderstand the the
mistakes
mistakes
(2) (2)
important,
important,but but of the
of the
dialogue
dialogue dialogue,
dialogue,or or
the the
information
information (1.2)(1.2) the the
information
information
waswas(1.5)(1.5) wasn´t
wasn´t
enoughenough
understood(1.5)
understood(1.5) (0.5)(0.5)
TheThe vocabulary
vocabulary
TheThe vocabulary
vocabulary
isn´tisn´t related
related to to TheThe vocabulary
vocabulary
is limited
is limited for the
for the
the the
blockblock in some is limited
in some is limited all the
all the
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vocabulary dialogue
dialogue andand
cases.
cases. Sentencestimetime
Sentences andand is not
is not
sometimes
rightright sometimes the the
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is the
is the are are constantly
constantly usedused related
related to the
to the
oneonefor the sentences
for the sentences are are
to explain
to explain an idea.block.
an idea. block. Is hard
Is hard
dialogue,
dialogue, used used several
several
SomeSome meanings to understand
meanings to understand
is always
is always times.
times. Although
Although
are are
not not understood
understood the the information
information
understood
understood the
(2) (2) the dialogue
dialogue is is
by the
by the audience. (0.5)(0.5)
audience.
understood
understood (1.5)(1.5)
(1.2)(1.2)
Total
Total (2) (2)
Reflect on the results of this evaluation and share your conclusion with your teacher.
Just when the caterpillar Caterpillar: A small

thought the world was animal that develops
over, it became a butterfly. into a butterfly.
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Making
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Self-evaluation
Mark the box that corresponds to your level of achievement with an X, you need to
be honest.

of? capable of
Identify vocabulary
related to housework
duties and school´s
activities.
Use the formal and
informal requests wi-
thout mistakes.
Identify the charac-
teristics and rules for
object pronouns, mo-
dal verbs can, could
and may.
Use different phrasal
verbs in activities re-
lated to school and
home.
I learn about activities
that other teenagers
do in different places
and situations.
Dialogues include
my learnings about
object pronouns and
modal verbs (can,
could, may).
I enjoy when we
practice dialogues
in English because I
can practice the lan-
guage.
I know the importan-
ce of the activities
that take place at
school and home
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and where do you need to improve.
Finally

Which were the most important learnings that you achieve in Block IV?
My conclusions are:
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Making
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My progress
Generic and academic competences block IV
Generic competencies Characteristic Level

1. Knows and values
her/himself and
deals with pro-
blems and cha-
llenges taking into
consideration the
goals she/he has.
4. Listens and ex-
his life.
rent work groups

and social practi-
ces
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present.
8. Appreciates the logical thought of communication process in her/
his daily and academic life.
12. You use Information and Communication Technologies in order
to research, solve problems, create documents and sends
information.
When you finish to answer these scales, show them to your teacher and talk about
your progress.
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Glosario
Angle: The space between two lines or surfaces that join.
Beam: A line of light.
Bliss: Perfect happiness; great joy.
Brainstorm: To give as many ideas as possible about something.
Buried: Something put into the ground and covered.
Caterpillar: A small animal that develops into a butterfly.
Coach: A person who trains a team in sports.
Concern: A feeling of worry about something or somebody.
Couple: Two people or things.
Current: Of the present time, happening now.
Decompose: To separate into parts, to be destroyed gradually by natural chemical
process.
Dice: A small piece of wood or plastic with a different number of spots on each of its
sides.
Duty: Something you have to do because it is your responsibility.
Freezer: A piece of electronic equipment in which you can keep food for a long time
at a low temperature.
Garbage: The waste that people throw away (food, paper, plastic, etc.)
Guarantee: A written promise given by a company that something you buy will be
replaced or repaired.
Heal: To cure somebody who is sick; to make something well again.
Imagination: Is the ability to form new images and sensations that are not perceived
through senses such as sight, hearing, or other senses.
Land (verb): To come down through the air onto a surface.
Lie: To write or to say something that is not true, it is false.
Ongoing: Continuing to exist, happen or progress.
Performance: An activity (such as singing a song or acting in a play) that a person or
group does to entertain an audience.
Plowshares: A large piece of farming equipment pulled by a tractor or animals.
Pollution: Harmful elements in the air and water because of people.
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Glosario
Reflect (on something): To think carefully and deeply about something.
Summarize: To give only the main points of something, not the details.
Reveal:To make something known to somebody.
Ribbon: A narrow strip of material, used for decoration.
Role-play: Is any speaking activity when you either put yourself into somebody
else’s shoes, or when you stay in your own shoes but put yourself into an imaginary
situation!
Simultaneously: Adverb. Something happening at the same time.
Speed: The rate at which something moves or travels.
Strangling:To prevent something from growing or developing.
Stripe: A long narrow line of color.
Toss a coin: To throw something into the air.
Webcam: A video camera that is connected to computer so that wath it records can
be seen on a website as it happens.
Winner: A person who wins something.
Worksheet: It is a piece of paper on which activities are worked.
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Apéndice
Describing
Apéndice
situations of
of cause and effect
Block I. Glossary
Write the new words that you have learned and their definition.
My new words Their definition
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lockI I Describing situations of cause and effect
Answer key
What do you know? (Previous knowledge and competencies)
A. Complete sentences
1. is 2. are 3. isn’t 4. are 5. isn’t
6. are 7. am 8. are 9. are not 10. is
B. Matching activity
1d, 2e, 3a, 4b, 5c
C. Complete the chart
Write a sentence using

Adjective Comparative Superlative a comparative or
superlative adjective
Ice cream is better than
1 good better best
cold water.
This weather is worse
2 bad worse worst
than last year.
the most This city is more
3 dangerous more dangerous
dangerous dangerous than Jalisco.
the most This car is the most
4 expensive more expensive
expensive expensive of all.
Our classroom is cleaner
5 clean cleaner cleanest
than in the 2nd grade.
My bicycle is safer than
6 safe safer safest
yours.
the most This book is the most
7 interesting more interesting
interesting interesting of all.
D. Order the words.

1. Last night my sister was cooking dinner.
2. My friends were playing soccer on Saturday.
3. This morning my father was washing the car.
4. Peter wasn´t doing his homework yesterday.
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Describing
Describing situationsApéndice
situations of
of cause and effect
Let’s begin
Activity 1.2
1. If you help somebody, you feel happy.
2. If you mix water and oil, the second will float.
3. If you mix blue with yellow, you get green.
4. If you don’t eat, you become hungry.
5. If you put water on the fire, it will boil at 100°C
Activity 1.3
1a, 2b, 3a, 4a, 5b
Activity 1.4
Part A. The If clause Part B. The result clause
1 If I am happy, I laugh a lot.

2 If I am tired, I go to sleep.
3 If I am hungry, I eat some fruit.
4 If I have a stomachache, I take some tea.
5 If I don’t want to go out with my friends, I tell them I am busy.
6 If I am going to have an exam, I study a lot.
7 If it is raining when I go to school, I take an umbrella.
8 If my teacher doesn’t come on time, I make a lot of noise.
9 If I find some money, I give it to my mother.
10 If my friends don’t invite me to their parties, I feel sad.
Activity 1.6
1. has 2. wants 3. studies 4. doesn’t like
5. calls 6. asks 7. goes
Activity 1.7
1. if 2. when 3. unless 4. if 5. if
6. if 7. unless 8. if 9. unless 10. when
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Activity 1.8
If sentence Affirmative Negative Interrogative
If I am tired, I don’t Do you go to sleep
Example: If I am If I am tired, I go
go out with my early if you are
tired, to sleep early.
friends. tired?
Do you talk to your
If I feel sad, I lis- If I feel sad, I don’t
1 If I feel sad, friends when you
ten to music. talk to my friends.
feel sad?
When I have a When I have a Do you tell your fa-
When I have a
2 problem, I ask problem, I don’t tell ther when you have
problem,
for advice. my father. a problem?
If I want to watch If I don’t want to Do you go to your
If I want to
3 TV, I sit in the watch TV, I don’t room if you want to
watch TV,
living room. go to my room. watch TV?
When I have a When I have a lot Do you go out if you
When I have a
4 lot of homework, of homework, I have a lot of home-
lot of homework,
I stay at home. don’t go out. work?
Do you go to the
If I feel sick, I go If I feel sick, I don’t
5 If I feel sick, doctor if you feel
to the doctor. drink cold things.
sick?
When I have When I have Do you go to the
When I have
6 exams, I stay in exams I don’t go to movies if you have
exams,
library. the movies. exams?
If my father has If my father has to Do you go to school
If my father has
7 to travel I feel travel I don’t go to if your father has to
to travel,
happy. school. travel?
If my friends
If my friends If my friends don’t Do you feel sad if
invite me to a
8 invite me to a invite me to a par- your friends don’t
party, I feel very
party, ty, I don’t feel sad. invite you?
happy.
Activity 1.9
What do you buy if you have to give a If I have to buy a birthday present, I go
birthday present to the shop.
If I feel angry, I listen to music to calm
What do you do if you feel angry?
down.
How do you feel if somebody shouts at
If somebody shouts at me, I feel sad.
you?
Where do you go if you need to buy a
If I have to buy a book, I go to the library.
book?
How do you go to school if you are
If I go to school very late, I usually run.
very late?
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Activity 2.4
1. garbage 2. decompose 3. separate 4. underground
5. recycle 6. aluminum 7. Earth 8.wasting
9. bottles 10. pollution
Activity 2.5
1. Decomposing is the process of separating things into parts.
2. Recycling is to take something old that can be used again and make it new.
3. Some of the things that can be recycled are soda cans, paper, and plastic
bottles.
4. If people recycle they could save money and help the Earth.
5. At home we can separate the organic and inorganic garbage.
6. We could run out of place underground to leave all the garbage.
Activity 3.1
What can How many Who will

Where are What are
Questions you see in people are be the
they? they doing?
the picture? there? winner?
There are The runner

They are in They are 4 people
Answers four boys wearing
the park running. running.
running. number 5.
What will
What will How will the How will the Where will
the second
the winner winner feel rest of the they go to
Questions and third
do after the after the competitors eat and to
position
competition? competition? feel? rest?
think?
Some
He will go of them They will
They will go
to celebrate He will feel will feel go to eat
Answers to practice
with his very happy. satisfied, at the
more.
family. other will restaurant.
feel sad.
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Activity 3.2
Part of the sentence Questions Answers

What will you do if you If I miss the bus, I will go
1. What / do / miss / bus?
miss the bus? by car.
Where will you
2. Where / stay / travel / If I travel to Monterrey, I
stay if you travel to
Monterrey? will stay with my friends.
Monterrey?
3. How / pay / the How will you pay for I will pay the registration
registration? the registration? with cash.
4. What/ do /get sick? What will you do if you If I get sick, I will go to the
get sick? doctor.
5. What / don’t / like / the What will you do if you If I don’t like the food, I will
food? don’t like the food? eat it anyhow.
Activity 3.3
You will be late if you don’t hurry up.
If you need some cash, I will lend you some.
My sister won’t come if you don’t invite her.
You will have a lot of time if you finish your exam on time.
If we go to the park, I will prepare some hamburgers.
If my child doesn´t find his bicycle, he will cry.
Your neighbors will plant the trees if you clean the rubbish from your garden.
Activity 3.5
If you want to drive a car, you should take some driving lessons.
If you need money, you may need to get a job.
If you don’t pass the exam, you will have to try again.
If you want to go to the festival, you may have to wear your traditional clothes.
If I don’t see you tomorrow, I will phone you.
If you want to feel better, you should take all your medicine.
If you want to be respected, you should treat others with respect as well.
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Activity 3.7
1. Rainbows appear when sunlight and rain combine in a very specific way.
2. If the light beam hits raindrops on the way down at a certain angle, the different
colors that make up the beam separate so that we can see them in the form of
a rainbow.
3. Light at different angles coming through many raindrops form the rainbow that
we see, in stripes of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
Activity 3.8
2. If I am in love, I may not want to eat.
3. If it is raining, I should take an umbrella.
4. If our teacher gives us a lot of work, we might not go out and stay home to do it.
5. If it begins to rain, I might stay at home.
Activity 3.9
The first
The parts of the
conditional Some examples of the first
first conditional
sentences are conditional sentences are...
sentences are...
used…
First conditional
sentences are There are two
used to talk about parts in the If you finish your cake, you will take it
actions that are first conditional to the party.
very probable. sentences. The if If your father gives you a new bicycle,
They express part and the result you will arrive earlier.
real or possible part.
conditionals.
Some examples of the first
The modals of The modal of
conditional sentences with modals
possibility are… advice is…
of possibility and advice are:
If you feel sick, you should stay at

The modals or home and rest.
The modal of
posibility are may If you want to get the tickets for the
advice is should.
and might. concert, you may have to go early to
buy them.
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Activity 4.4
1c, 2c, 3b, 4a, 5c
Activity 4.5
2a. If you recycle paper, you will protect the forest.
3b. When people eat something outside, they should put the garbage in the dust-
bin.
4c. If you litter, you will make the planet dirty.
5b. If you want to protect the Earth, you should dispose trash properly.
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Block II. Glossary

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lockIIII Comparing habits and customs from different
societies
ANSWER KEY
A. Complete the chart
Verbs
Present Past Meaning
Example: write wrote escribir
2. Make made hacer
3. See saw ver
4. Lend lent prestar
5. Fight fought pelear
6. Break broke romper
7. Put put poner
8. Sit sat sentar
9. Lose lost perder
10. Read read leer
Activity 1.2
Countries/
México China África Europe
Continents
Women eat
The head of in one side of They are
People don’t
Habits the family is the room and always on
kiss in public.
the father. men in another time.
side.
They are
They have They pray
They pray discipline
Customs religious to all the
asking for rain. and use time
celebrations. ancestors.
properly
Activity 1.4
2 8 3
11 10 9
5 1 4
7 6 12
Activity 1.7
skateboard motorcycle car helicopter

lorry boat plane subway
train bicycle bus taxi
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Apéndice
Activity 1.9
No. Complete sentence

1 Did you visit a relative in the USA last year?
2 Did you go to another city last month?
3 Did you take the bus to go and visit a relative?
4 Did you ride the bicycle to come to school?
5 Did you eat some different food than usual?
6 Did you go to buy special things for a celebration?
Activity 2.1
1. Used to 2. Didn’t use 3. Did you use 4. Did you use to
5. Used to 6. Used to 7. Didn’t use to
8. Did your grandparents use to 9. Used to 10. Didn’t use
Activity 2.6
No. True False Why?

1 X She used to do a lot of things.
2 X She loved Mexican music.
3 X She used to go to the cinema twice a week.
4 X Peter was a handsome person.
5 X Peter played in special occasions.
6 X Peter used to play the drums.
7 X Antonio used to give flowers not to cultivate them.
8 X Antonio used to wear colorful ribbons.
Activity 3.1
The order of the paragraphs is 4,3,1,5,2
Activity 3.2
His family didn´t use to live in the city.
He used to wake up very early.
He used to have a nice horse.
My grandmother used to cook.
She used to prepare nice handmade tortillas for him.
She didn’t use to stay with him in the fields but she used.
To prepare for him nice handmade tortillas, chile with meat and beans.
He told me that he used to wake up very early in the morning.
He is very happy each time we can use the webcam.
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Optional activity
Comparing habits and customs from different
societies
The Cranberries - Just my imagination
There was a game we used to play Let it never be said that I’d be
We would hit the town on Friday night unstable
And stay in bed until Sunday
We used to be so free It was just my imagination (3)
We were living for the love we had and
living not for reality There is a game I like to play
I like to hit the town on Friday night
It was just my imagination (3) And stay in bed until Sunday
We’ll always be this free
There was a time I used to pray We will be living for the love we have
I have always kept my faith in love living not for reality
It’s the greatest thing from the man
above It’s not my imagination (3)
Not my (18)
The game I used to play
I’ve always put my cards upon the table
Activity 4.2
1. Talk together. 9. Can you repeat that, please?

2. Write the sentences. 10. Make groups of 3.
3. Match the expressions. 11. Work with a partner.
4. Turn off your television. 12. May I come in, please?
5. Copy the sentences. 13. Write a list of words.
6. Take your notebook out. 14. What does eraser mean?
7. Ask and answer questions. 15. Turn to page number__.
8. Can you play the CD again, please?
Activity 4.3
1 where 8 where /how 15 who / where /how

2 when 9 where 16 whose
3 whose 10 how 17 how /where
4 where /how 11 when / how 18 when
5 what 12 where /how /who 19 why
6 where 13 whose 20 where
7 why 14 who /where
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Block III. Glossary

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lockIIIIII Describing activities that took place in the past
ANSWER KEY
A.
D R O V E A B C K N E W A E I R A N G
O I O A A U U O O E Y B Y T Y E E O O
W Q Q F A T E F F Q F F Q H F S F E E
E E A A G R E W O A E A E O A A A Q Q
N A Q Q S P O K E B Q Q R U A E R N R
T A A B B B A A A E S E P G A A E E G
P P P P A A B A F A A A A H P P P P R
P W P P E E E E O E W E O T O O O P T
Q A R P P P C P U P P P E E E O O E O
Q A E O E E A E G E E E E D I D O O L
Q E E Q T Q M Q H Q F O U N D Q Q Q D
E C E Q Q E E Q T Q Q Q Q U U U U U U
E U Q E E E E E E E A B R O U G H T A
E T Q R R R S W A M R R R F O R G O T
eat ate sing sang go went write wrote forget forgot
see saw do did speak spoke tell told grow grew
cut cut find found swim swam drive drove ring rang
bring brought know knew think thought fight fought become became
B.
1. are 2. are 3. didn’t see 4. happened 5. had 6. have 7. lost 8. needed
9. was 10. was 11. went 12. didn’t have
C.
1. a 2. b
D.
1. My father used to drink milk when he was a child.

2. What are your children doing in the garden?
3. Last week, we visited my friend in Montreal.
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Apéndice
4. How tall is your boyfriend? He looks very tall indeed.

5. This car is more expensive than the red one.
6. Do you go to the park on Sundays?
Activity 1.3
Clothes: dress, handkerchief, shirt, cloak, shawl, high- heeled- shoes, hat, scarf,
trousers, bow, apron, belt, underwear, skirt, neckerchief
Meals-food: breakfast, meat balls, tomato sauce, ice cream, olives, lunch, stew,
supper, mashed potatoes, scrambled eggs, steak, fruit, soup, fish
Musical instruments: flute, harp, saxophone, drum, keyboard, tambourine, guitar,
clarinet, trombone, violin, trumpet, cymbals, xylophone, organ, piano
Activity 2.2
Part 1 Right Wrong Correct information

Gina enjoyed playing
1 Gina enjoyed playing tennis. x
with her dolls.
2 Her grandmother loved festivals. x
Gina didn’t participate in school’s She participated in
3 x
festival when she was a child. several festivals.
She was 12 years old when her She was 7 when her
4 x
dream arose. dream arose.
She wanted to share
She wanted to share her traditions her traditions with
5 x
with people only in Mexico. people all over the
world.
Activity 2.3
Some ideas are:
1. I was sleeping at 11 pm.

2. I was studying at 4 pm
3. I was watching television at 6 pm
4. I was walking to school at 7:15 am
5. I was eating breakfast at 7:00 am
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Activity 2.4
Some ideas are:
1. What were you doing at six o clock this morning?

I was taking a shower.
2. What were you doing at this time yesterday?

I was studying.
3. What were you doing before you came to school?

I was helping my mother in the kitchen.
4. What were you doing last Sunday at 11:00am?

I was going to church.
Activity 2.5
1. were you doing/ rang

was watching
2. were you / came

was buying
3. were you riding /

had
4. was your father doing / fell

was visiting
5. were you /were organizing

was buying
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Activity 2.6
When I was 17, I was part of a dancing club and we had the opportunity to perform
in different parts of the country. One of my favorite places was in Veracruz during
the Cumbre Tajin. When we arrived there, The Voladores de Papantla were
climbing the post. I was amazed by the surrounding area; there were thousands
of people watching.
We saw 5 men climbing the post. They were dressed in red pants and a white
shirt, a cloth across the chest and a cap. The clothes were embroidered and
decorated beautifully, their hat was adorned with flowers for fertility and the
mirrors representing the sun.
Later on, while the Voladores were performing, the observers were taking a lot
of pictures.
I knew that this festival celebrates the spring season as a time of renovation.
We were really taken by this traditional celebration and when I was running to
take a close picture of the Voladores de Papantla, the director called us to go and
prepare ourselves for the presentation.
After a while, our director explained to us that The Dance of the Voladores de
Papantla, is an ancient ceremony originated possibly by the Totonac people who
wanted to ask the gods to end a severe drought and bring back the rain because
the people were suffering a lot.
Two years after our presentation in Tajin, Veracruz, our cultural group was invited
to an extraordinary tour out of Mexico. When I got the news, I couldn’t believe it.
The organizers of the festival in Tajin were inviting us to perform in three different
continents; in Asia, Africa and Europe. When I gave the news to my parents, my
mother was drinking water and she dropped the glass. She was really surprised,
(just like myself; and we both were filled with joy and happiness).
Luckily, we all got permission from our parents and we began our
extraordinary journey.
Our first stop was in China, then Ghana in West Africa and after a while,
in The Netherlands in Europe.
Activity 2.7
Verbs in past simple: was, had, arrived, were, saw, were dressed, were embroidered,
decorated, adorned, knew, called, explained, originated, wanted, invited, got,
couldn’t, gave, dropped, surprised, began.
Verbs in past continuous: were climbing, were performing, were taking, was running,
were suffering, were inviting, was drinking.
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Activity 2.8
1. When Gina and her group arrived in Cumbre Tajin, The Voladores de Papantla
were climbing the post.
2. While the Voladores were performing the celebration, the tourists were taking a
lot of pictures.
3. When Gina was running to take a close picture of the Voladores de Papantla,
the Director called them to go and prepare for the presentation.
4. When Gina gave the news to her parents, her mother was drinking water and
she dropped the glass.
Activity 2.9
First part of the sentence Second part of the sentence

we have the opportunity to perform in
1 I was part of a dancing club and…
different parts of the country.
When I was running to take a close the Director called us to go and prepare
2
picture of the Voladores, ourselves for the presentation.
the spring season like a time of

3 I knew that this festival celebrates….
renovation.
the clothes were embroidered and

4 A cloth across the chest and a cap,
decorated beautifully.
The Dance of the Voladores de an ancient ceremony originated possibly

5
Papantla is… by the totonac people.
After two years of our presentation our cultural group was invited to an
6
in Tajin, Veracruz, extraordinary tour out of Mexico.
my mother was drinking water and she

7 When I gave the news to my parents,
dropped the glass.
in China, then Ghana in West Africa
8 Our first stop was … and after a while, in The Netherlands in
Europe.
Activity 2.11
First, next, then, after that, finally
Activity 2.12
The name of the festival is: The Cumbre Tajin in Veracruz, Mexico.
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Apéndice
First, we arrived in China. There we had a presentation during the Dragon Boat
Festival. It was amazing! People were eating a lot of rice dumplings. They were
racing dragon boats, hanging icons of a mythic guardian figure called Zhong Kui
and they were wearing perfumed medicine bags. Then, we heard that all of these
activities were supposed to promote good health and well-being of the people in
the community.
After, we saw some boats. What I liked the most was the dragon boat we had
the opportunity to race. It had the front end shaped like open-mouthed dragon,
decorated with bright designs. We were only two days in China because we had
to fly to Ghana.
Later on, in the north of Ghana we were present during one of the most traditional
festivals in a city called Tamale. It was the Takai festival.
We saw plenty of men gathered around with drums and dances. The dancers
were dressed with a traditional cloth called smock. They were gathered in large
circles where some of them were playing the drums. Some other members of
the African group were dancing holding a metal wand in their hand. After a while,
when the dancers turned towards each other, they touched each other’s wand
creating a big sound.
It was a colorful and vibrant part of the Ghanaian culture.
From Ghana, we traveled to the Netherlands. This festival was a bit different but
awesome. We didn’t have to dance; the only thing we had to do was to admire…
Our words could not describe the beauty we were observing. It was a fabulous
tulip spring garden. There were many people from different parts of the
world walking, cycling, and enjoying the tulip garden shows, mosaic
pathways and photography competitions.
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lockIIIIII Describing activities that took place in the past
The tulip gardens were really beautiful, inspirational and like works of art.
When I was taking the pictures, my mind brought me back to Mexico. How I wish
my family was there with me, but luckily, my journey was about to finish.
Back in Mexico, when I had the chance to write all these memories, I concluded
that festivals were really important for humanity, for my family and of course, for
myself.
Finally, I could say that, thanks to my love for traditional festivals, my dream as a
child was real; I was a member of a cultural group and I could share my Mexican
traditions with people from three different continents.
Activity 2.13
1-c
2-d
3-a
4-b
Activity 2.14
Part 3 Right Wrong Correct information

The festival in China
was supposed to pro-
The festival in China was supposed
1 x mote good health and
to promote the market.
well-being of the people
in the community
The festival in Gha-
The festival in Ghana didn’t have
2 x na had a lot of music,
any music.
drums and dancers.
The festivals in Ghana and China
3 x Correct
were very colourful.
The festival in Amsterdam was like
4 x Correct
a spring tulip garden show.
Gina found festivals
very important for hu-
5 Gina didn’t find festivals important. x
manity, for her family
and for herself.
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Activity 2.15
1. How do you think that the family of Gina influenced in her love for traditional
festivals? Her grandmother took her to different festivals in church and in the
schools. In that way, she had the opportunity to appreciate the beauty of festivals
and how they bring happiness to the community.
2. What were the four festivals that Gina wrote about in her diary and what were
the main activities people were doing?
Name Cumbre Tajin Dragon Festival Takai Festival Tulip festival
The Voladores
de Papantla Men were ga-
were climbing thered around Many people
People were ea-
the post. with drums and from different
ting a lot of rice
Activities
The Voladores dances. parts of the

and dumplings.
were dressed in Some men world were
People were
red pants. were playing walking, cy-
racing dragon
The Voladores drums and cling and en-
boats.
were perfor- others were joying the tulip
ming the cele- dancing. garden show.
bration.
3. Do you consider that traditional festivals were something that motivated Gina’s
life? How? And why do you think that?
Gina’s dream was to become a member of a cultural group and when she grew
up, she joined one of this groups. She also wanted to share her traditions with
people all over the world. She had the opportunity to perform in different conti-
nents and in that way, she was able to share her Mexican values and traditions.
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Activity 2.17
We use the past contin-

The simple past is
uous to indicate that an
used to express a
action was in progress
past action that is now
in the past and was in-
finished.
terrupted.
The past continuous is composed

The time expressions that are of two parts:
used with the simple past are
last year, last month, five days PAST 1. The past tense of the verb to be.
ago, yesterday, in 1990.
WHEN 2. The base of the main verb + ing
WHILE
We use while and the past contin-

When introduces a second ac- uous with two actions in the same
tion. The second action inter- sentence to express the idea that
rupted the ongoing action. both actions were happening at
the same time.
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Block IV. Glossary

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ANSWER KEY
A. Complete the following charts. Make short sentences using the verb STUDY.
Personal Present simple

Pronoun Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form
I I study. I don’t study. Do I study?
You You study You don’t study Do you study?
He He studies He doesn’t study Does he study?
She She studies She doesn’t study Does she study?
It The verb study doesn’t apply to it.
We We study We don’t study. Do we study?
You You study You don’t study. Do you study?
They They study They don’t study. Do they study?
Personal Present Continuous

I I am studying. I am not studying. Am I studying?
You You are studying You are not studying Are you studying?
He He is studying He is not studying Is he studying?
She She is studying She is not studying Is she studying?
We We are studying We are not studying Are we studying?
You You are studying You are not studying Are you studying?
They They are studying They are not studying Are they studying?
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Apéndice
Personal Simple Past

I I studied. I didn’t study. Did I study?
You You studied You didn´t study Did you study?
He He studied He didn´t study Did he study?
She She studied She didn´t study Did she study?
We We studied We didn´t study Did we study?
You You studied You didn´t study Did you study?
They They studied They didn´t study Did they study?
B. 1d, 2f, 3h, 4c, 5g, 6a, 7e, 8b
D.
F I S H A E R R T O L E U
W E W S A R W F R L P G A
E W P O L L U T I O N G E
E E T O E W E A H W A R S
R B T H A T E A S W A R Y
T R D R E W E A E W S R W
D E C O M P O S E R A R A
I A D R E W E A E R L E E
O D D R F R U I T E T D D
L A B E E W E A E E A R R
I A E E R E C Y C L E E E
O E L S E W E E E E E S L
L D T T E S K I R T D S L
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Activity 1.1
1c, 2e, 3d, 4b, 5a
Activity 1.2
1. Take after 5. Try on

2. Look after 6. Turn down
3. Fill in 7. See somebody off
4. Clean up 8. Look up
Activity 1.3
1. look after 6. ran out

2. fill in 7. see them off
3. give up 8. take the rubbish out
4. turn off 9. try them on
5. broke up 10. turn the volume down
Activity 2.2
6. do the 2. clean the 5. do the

1. make dinner
shopping house laundry
4. iron the 3. sweep the 7. mop the 8. make the
clothes floor floor bed
12. fold the 10. clean the 16. dust the
9. set the table
towels table house
11. do the 13. feed the 14. wash the
15. take out the
dishes/do the dog/ feed the windows/ wash
rubbish
washing up animals the car
Activity 2.8
1. mop the floor 6. turn it down

2. put off 7. make
3. cleaning up 8. do
4. took out the rubbish 9. broke up
5. washing the car 10. give me up
Activity 3.1
1. them 6. them
2. them 7. us
3. me 8. it
4. it 9. it
5. him 10. her
250
250
Apéndice
Activity 3.2
1. get up early 8. do the 13. play sports 15. eat breakfast

homework
6. take a shower 14. watch tv 5. go to school 3. make lunch
11. brush your 12. put on makeup 16. talk to your 2. clean your room
teeth friend
9. get dressed 4. brush your hair 7. go to sleep 10. listen to music
Activity 4.1
Expression Polite sentence

1 Give me a glass of water. Could you give me a glass of water, please?
2 Help me find my keys! Could you help me find my keys?
3 Come over for dinner tonight! Could you come over for dinner tonight?
4 Give me your dictionary. Could you give me your dictionary?
Can I help you with this I wonder if I could help you with this exercise.
5
exercise?
6 Stop shouting! Could you stop shouting, please?
7 Wash the dishes. Could you wash the dishes, please?
Can you give this book to my I wonder if you could give this book to my
8
teacher? teacher.
Go to the house and bring Could you go to the house and bring me my
9
me my wallet. wallet, please?
10 Don’t drive so fast. I wonder if you couldn’t drive so fast.
251
251
BB lock
lockIVIV
Activity 4.2
Question (Q): Example: Send this package for me.

Could you send this package for me, please?
Answer (A): Yes, I can.
Q: Have a glass of milk for my child.

1 Could you have a glass of milk for my child, please?
A: Yes, I can.
Q: Close the window. it is raining.
2 Could you close the window, please? It is raining.
A: Yes, I can
Q: Turn down the volume of your radio.
3 Could you turn down the volume of your radio, please?
A: Yes, I can. Sorry.
Q: Help me. I don’t understand this lesson.
4 Could you help me, please? I don’t understand this lesson.
A: Yes, I can.
Q: Tell me where the library is.
5 Could you tell me where the library is, please?
A: Yes, I can.
Activity 4.3
4. May I go to the bathroom? 1. Could I use your pencil?

2. Could you explain that again? 3. Can I open the window?
Activity 4.6
gave up, look out, need to hand
252
252
Referencias
Bibliográficas
Burkholder, A. (2012). Kaleidoscope 1. Teacher’s Book. México. Richmond
Casal, S. (2005). Enseñanza del Inglés. Aplicaciones del aprendizaje cooperativo.

España. Ediciones @becedario.
Celce-Murcia, M., Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). The grammar book. An ESL/EFL

Teacher’s course. USA: Newbury House Publisher.
Colin, M. (2010) Oxford phrasal verbs. Dictionary for learners of English. Oxford:
Oxford University Press
Douglas, H. (2002). Strategies for success. A practical guide to learning English.

New York: Longman
Flores, P., Urquijo, K. (2010). English. Bachillerato General 3. México: Patria.
Guerrero, S. (2012). Kaleidoscope 3. Teacher’s book. México: Richmond.
Hornby, A. (2005). Oxford Advanced learner’s Dictionary with compass CD-ROM.

Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Murphy, R. (2009). English Grammar in Use. A self-study reference and practice

book for intermediate students of English. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.
Murphy, R. (2005). Essential Grammar in Use. A self-study reference and practice

book for elementary students of English. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.
Murphy, R., Smalzer, W. (2007). Grammar in Use intemediate. A self-study reference

and practice book for elementary students of English. Great Britain: Cambridge
University Press.
Soars, J, Soars, L. (2010). American Headway 2. Second Edition. Student Practice

Multi-ROM. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Multi-ROM. Oxford. Oxford University Press.

Multi-ROM. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Turtledove, C. (2004). Action Games. 101 fun ways to practice English Grammar.
Scotlan: Delti.
Zaorob, M., Chin, E. (2001). Games for grammar practice. A resource book of
grammar games and interactive activities. UK: Cambridge University Press.
253
Referencias
Sitios web
Activities and Reading. (Consultado el 16 de febrero de 2014) Recuperado de

http://goinggreeny.com/Green_Guide/Education_Teaching.php
http://goinggreeny.com/Worksheets/Recycling.htm
http://www.pedalinghistory.com/
www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/museo-juguete-popular-mexicano-san-miguel-
allende-guanajuato.html.
Board game what will happen if

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/firstconditional/exercise3.html
Reading rainbow
http://kids.discovery.com/tell-me/curiosity-corner/weather/how-do-rainbows-form
Commas conditionals
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/writing/comma?10
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1636_
gramchallenge22/
http://kids.discovery.com/tell-me/curiosity-corner/weather/how-do-rainbows-form
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/simultaneous
Reading
http://goinggreeny.com/Green_Guide/Education_Teaching.php
http://goinggreeny.com/Worksheets/Recycling.htm.
Board game what will happen if

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/firstconditional/exercise3.html
Simultaneously
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/simultaneous
La Bamba (Consultado el 20 de marzo de 2014). Recuperado de

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Bamba_(song)
Algodones (Consultado el 28 de marzo de 2014). Recuperado de

http://www.foodservicewarehouse.com/education/the-history-of-cotton-candy/
c27733.aspx
254
Referencias
Vocabulary (Consultado el 12 de abril de 2014)
Gundogdu, N., 2007. Recuperado de http://www.tesol.org/docs/books/bk_ELTD_
Vocabulary_974.
http://quizlet.com/6398679/recycling-vocabulary-flash-cards/
http://www.normangirvan.info/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/culturefood-and-
identity-6.pdf
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494407000898
http://ghanadistricts.com/home/?_=33&sa=3760
http://www.tesol.org/read-and-publish/journals/other-serial-publications/compleat-
links/compleat-links-volume-4-issue-4-(december-2007)/language-acquisition-
through-intercultural-learning
Comas, condicionales
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/writing/comma?10
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1636_
gramchallenge22/
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/oral-communication-definition-types-
advantages.html#lesson
WH questions
http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/wh-question-words.htm
Used to
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/past1c.html
http://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/using-used-past-habits
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-m_used-to-do.htm
Triquis (Consultado el 30 mayo 2014) Recuperado de

http://edition.cnn.com/2013/10/22/sport/shoeless-mexican-boys-basketball
Modal verbs (Consultado el 10 de julio 2014)

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_1.htm
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_2.htm
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/es/english-grammar/verbs/modal-verbs/may-
might-may-have-and-might-have
Material fotográfico e iconografía
Depositphotos
Google images (recursos genéricos de libre distribución para propósitos académicos
y sin fines de lucro)
255
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Lengua Adicional

Esta obra ilustró la portada

Estimada, estimado estudiante del Telebachillerato Comunitario, este libro

En su elaboración participaron profesionales y especialistas en distintas

Tenemos la certeza de que con los materiales didácticos del Telebachillerato

Te deseamos éxito en esta importante etapa de tu formación.

Distribución gratuita, prohibida su venta

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Dirección General del Bachillerato

D.R. Secretaría de Educación Pública. 2015

Para algunas personas, hablar un segundo idioma implica simplemente una

La propuesta de este libro es la enseñanza de la lengua basada en un enfoque

Es importante resaltar que este libro te permitirá integrar aprendizajes de distintas

Te deseamos éxito en esta importante etapa de tu formación, el bachillerato.

¿Qué es una competencia?

En el ámbito educativo, una competencia se define como “la integración de

Las competencias genéricas que se desarrollarán en el presente texto, se enuncian

Generic competencies Characteristic

1. Knows and values her/

Inicio de cada bloque

Posteriormente se enuncian las competencias genéricas a desarrollar con sus

Desarrollo del bloque

A lo largo del bloque se intercalan estrategias de aprendizaje, ejercicios de aplicación y

Es importante mencionar que en el desarrollo de bloque encontrarás varios formatos

Simbología que facilitará

Apply what you have learned

What do you know?

Practice what you’re learning

Apoyos para reforzar el aprendizaje:

Reflect on the previous activity

Did you know that...

Cierre del bloque

Los contenidos y las actividades se presentan de una manera atractiva y práctica

También pretende brindarte instrumentos de aprendizaje y espacios de reflexión

Al cursar la asignatura Lengua adicional al español III, vas a desarrollar también

Objetos de aprendizaje que se

1. Vocabulary: recycling Competencias disciplinares que se

What is the purpose of block I?

(Previous knowledge and competencies)

1. She _______ my best friend.

Check your answers in the Answer Key.

Look up in a dictionary the meaning of the words in bold. Write Remember:

I am 16 and not I have 16.

1. Is she your sister? a) I’m not sure. I think he is 16.

3. How old is Pedro? c) I had it last week, it wasn´t really difficult.

4. What are your friends wearing

Check your answers in the Answer Key.

C. Complete the following chart using comparative and superlative adjectives.

Write a sentence using

Check your answers in the Answer Key.

D. Order the words to form past sentences.

1. was / my sister / dinner / cooking / Last night

2. soccer / on Saturday / were / My friends / playing

3. This / father / washing / morning / was / the / my / car

4. yesterday / his / homework / Peter / wasn’t / doing

Check your answers in the Answer Key

Level of achievement Always Sometimes Never

Do you use different communication strategies

Do you identify the principal ideas in a text or