Glosario de Ingles Informática
Glosario de Ingles Informática
Glosario de Ingles Informática
GLOSARIO DE TERMINOS
C.I: 27.891.374
Sección: C
Materia: Ingles
AGP: (Puerto de gráficos acelerados). Una nueva ranura de conexión para tarjetas
gráficas que existe en las placas base de los equipos Pentium II.
BDD:
BI: (Inteligencia empresarial). se refiere al uso de datos en una empresa para
facilitar la toma de decisiones. Abarca la comprensión del funcionamiento actual
de la empresa, bien como la anticipación de acontecimientos futuros, con el
objetivo de ofrecer conocimientos para respaldar las decisiones empresariales.
Data entry: ingreso de datos. Proceso de ingresar datos a una computadora para su
procesamiento.
Database: base de datos.
DirectX: recurso para mejorar el rendimiento en gráficos, sonidos, 3D, sitios web
y juegos.
Diskette: disquete
Domain: dominio.
dpi: dots per inch: puntos por pulgada. En las impresoras, la calidad de la imagen
sobre el papel se expresa en dpi. driver: controlador
DVD: Digital Versatile Disc: Disco Versátil Digital. Disco que posee gran
capacidad de almacenamiento y sirve también para almacenar películas.
Enlace: link.
Ethernet: tecnología para red de área local. Fue desarrollada originalmente por
Xerox y posteriormente por Xerox, DEC e Intel. Ha sido aceptada como estándar
por la IEEE
Folder: carpeta.
Font: fuente.
GNU: (GNU no es Unix). es un sistema operativo de tipo Unix, así como una gran
colección de programas informáticos que componen al sistema, desarrollado por y
para el Proyecto GNU y auspiciado por la Free Software Foundation. Está
formado en su totalidad por software libre, mayoritariamente bajo términos
de copyleft.
Gateway: puerta; acceso; pasarela. Punto de enlace entre dos sistemas de redes.
GIF animado: variante del formato GIF. Se usa en la WorldWideWeb para dar
movimiento a íconos y banners.
Hipertexto: textos enlazados entre sí. Haciendo clic con el mouse el usuario pasa
de un texto a otro, vinculado con el anterior.
Hipervínculo: link.
Holograma: imagen tridimensional creada por proyección fotográfica.
ICQ ("I Seek You"): Te busco: Programa que permite hacer saber a los amigos y
contactos que uno está online. Permite enviar mensajes y archivos, hacer chat,
establecer conexiones de voz y video, etc.
Image map: imagen de una página web que permite cliquear en diferentes áreas
para acceder a diferentes destinos.
Impresora de matriz de puntos: impresora que trabaja por medio de un cabezal que
presiona una cinta entintada contra el papel.
K
Kernel: núcleo o parte esencial de un sistema operativo. Provee los servicios
básicos del resto del sistema.
Keyboard: teclado.
Link: enlace. Imagen o texto destacado, mediante subrayado o color, que lleva a
otro sector del documento o a otra página web.
Mirrorsite: sitio espejo. Sitio web copiado a otro servidor con el propósito de
facilitar el acceso a sus contenidos desde el lugar más cercano o más conveniente
para el usuario.
NGI: NextGeneration Internet. Proyecto del gobierno de los Estados Unidos para
el desarrollo de redes y aplicaciones. Involucra a la NationalScienceFoundation, la
NASA, los Institutos Nacionales de Salud y el Departamento de Defensa.
NETBIOS: (Sistema básico de entrada / salida de red). es, (en sentido estricto)
una especificación de interfaz para acceso a servicios de red, es decir, una capa
de software desarrollado para enlazar un sistema operativo de
red con hardware específico. NetBIOS fue originalmente desarrollado por IBM y
Sytek como API/APIS para el software cliente de recursos de una Red de área
local (LAN). Desde su creación, NetBIOS se ha convertido en el fundamento de
muchas otras aplicaciones de red.
Paquete (packet): la parte de un mensaje que se transmite por una red. Antes de
ser enviada a través de Internet, la información se divide en paquetes.
Password: contraseña.
PGP: PrettyGoodPrivacy.
Protocolo: lenguaje que utilizan dos computadoras para comunicarse entre sí.
Puerto paralelo: conexión por medio de la cual se envían datos a través de varios
conductos. Una computadora suele tener un puerto paralelo llamado LPT1.
Puerto serial: conexión por medio de la cual se envían datos a través de un solo
conducto. Por ejemplo, el mouse se conecta a un puerto serial. Las computadoras
tienen dos puertos seriales: COM1 y COM2.
Puerto: en una computadora, es el lugar específico de Conexión con otro
dispositivo, generalmente mediante un enchufe. Puede tratarse de un puerto serial
o de un puerto paralelo.
Shortcut: atajo. Véase acceso directo. Sistema operativo: programa que administra
los demás programas en una computadora.
Sniffer: programa que monitorea y analiza el tráfico de una red para detectar
problemas o cuellos de botella. Su objetivo es mantener la eficiencia del tráfico de
datos. Pero también puede ser usado ilegítimamente para capturar datos en una
red.
Software: término general que designa los diversos tipos de programas usados en
computación.
Tools: herramientas.
USB (Universal Serial Bus): es una interfase de tipo plug&play entre una
computadora y ciertos dispositivos, porejemplo, teclados, teléfonos, escáners e
impresoras.
UDI: (Interfaz de pantalla unificada). es una nueva interfaz de video digital para
sustituir al actual conector VGA de los PC.
V
vBNS: Very High Performance Backbone Network Service. La red que
interconecta más de 125 instituciones dedicadas a la investigación.
Virus hoax: falsa alarma sobre virus que suele llegar por e-mail.
Virus: pequeño programa que "infecta" una computadora; puede causar efectos
indeseables y hasta daños irreparables.
VDSL2: ( línea de abonado digital de muy alta tasa de transferencia 2”), una
evolución de la tecnología VDSL que aprovecha la actual infraestructura de pares
de cobre de la red telefónica convencional.
Webcam: videocámara que registra imágenes a las cuales se puede acceder desde
un sitio web.
Webmail: servicio que ofrecen ciertos sitios web para crear una cuenta gratuita de
e-mail. Mediante el webmail el correo electrónico se revisa con el navegador. Se
puede acceder a él desde cualquier computadora situada en cualquier lugar.
Windows 98: Sistema operativo lanzado por Microsoft en 1998, como sucesor de
Windows95. Una de las más visibles diferencias con el anterior consiste en la
integración del sistema operativo con el navegador Internet Explorer. Esta
característica dio pie a un juicio por monopolio.
Wireless: inalámbrico.
Xfce : es un entorno de escritorio libre para sistemas tipo Unix como GNU/Linux,
BSD, Solaris y derivados. Su objetivo es ser rápido y ligero, sin dejar de ser
visualmente atractivo y fácil de usar.
Zip drive: periférico para almacenamiento de datos. Cada zip drive puede
contener hasta 100 MB (megabytes) o el equivalente a 70 disquetes.
Zipear: comprimir.
Glosario en ingles
AGP: (Accelerated Graphics Port). A new graphics card connection slot that
exists on the motherboards of Pentium II computers.
ASCII: (American Standard Code for Information Sharing). Code that allows
defining alphanumeric characters; it is used to achieve compatibility between
various word processors. It is pronounced "aski".
ABAP: (Advanced programming of commercial applications). SAP programming
language.
AC: (Alternative capacity). This is the name of the jumper that limits the capacity
of the disk. (Ver. HD)
ACD: (Automatic Call Distribution). Route or address of a phone call entry to the
next available operator.
BDD:
CAD: (computer aided design). is the use of computers to assist in the creation,
modification, analysis, or optimization of a design.
CD ROM: (Compact Disc - Read Only Memory).is acompact discwith which they
use laser beams to read information in digital format.
CRUD: is heacronym"Create, Read, Update and Delete" (from the original inEnglish:
Create, Read, Update and Delete), which is used to refer to the basic functions
indatabasesor the persistence layer on asoftware.
Data entry: data entry. Process of entering data into a computer for processing.
Database: database.
Directory: group of files related to each other that are saved under a name.
DirectX - A resource for improving graphics, sound, 3D, website, and gaming
performance.
Rigid disk: rotating storage support in the form of a circular plate covered by a
magnetic film. The data is recorded on concentric tracks on the film.
Display: display unit; monitor; screen. floppy disk: rigid plastic cartridge for data
storage. There are 3 ½ inches on a side, which stores up to 1.44 MB, and 5 ¼
inches (deprecated). See also zip drive.
DNS: Domain Name System. Domain Name System. Identification method of an
Internet address. According to this method, each computer on the network is
identified by a unique address, the URL (Uniform Resource Locator), made up of
groups of letters separated by periods. That address is obtained by subdividing all
the computers into huge groups called TLDs (Top Level Domain) that are related
to each other for some reason. For example, there are TLDs based on geographic
identification (where.ar is Argentina, .uy is Uruguay, .cl is Chile) and groups
based on the dominant type of activity (.com for commercial activities; .edu for
educational purposes ).
Domain: domain.
dpi: dots per inch: dots per inch. In printers, the image quality on paper is
expressed in dpi. driver: driver
DVD: Digital Versatile Disc: Digital Versatile Disc. Disc that has a large storage
capacity and is also used to store movies.
AND
E-mail: electronic mail. Emulation: emulation. Compatibility process between
computers using software.
Encoder: program that converts a wave file into an MP3 file. The program that
plays MP3 files is called player.
Link: link.
Ethernet: technology for local area network. It was originally developed by Xerox
and later by Xerox, DEC, and Intel. It has been accepted as standard by the IEEE
Extranet: part of an intranet accessible to customers and other users outside the
company.
Folder: folder.
Font: font.
FTP: File Transfer Protocol: File Transfer Protocol. It is used to send and receive
files from the Internet.
Gateway: door; access; runway. Link point between two network systems.
GIF: Graphic Interchange Format. Graphic format widely used in the WorldWeb.
Giga: prefix that indicates a multiple of 1,000 million, that is 109. When the
binary system is used, as it happens in computing, it means a multiple of 230, that
is 1,073,741,824.
Worm: program that copies itself to occupy all memory. It is a virus that usually
arrives through email, in the form of an attachment.
Hardware: all the physical components of the computer and its peripherals.
Hypertext: texts linked together. By clicking with the mouse the user goes from
one text to another, linked to the previous one.
Hyperlink: link.
ICQ ("I Seek You"): I'm looking for you: Program that lets friends and contacts
know that you are online. It allows you to send messages and files, chat, establish
voice and video connections, etc.
Image map: image of a web page that allows clicking in different areas to access
different destinations.
Inkjet Printer: Printer that works by spraying the ink onto the paper.
Dot-matrix printer: Printer that works by means of a head that presses an inked
ribbon against the paper.
Laser Printer - A fast, high-resolution printer that uses laser technology. When the
lightning strikes the paper, it forms an electrostatic image that attracts the dried
ink.
Printer: peripheral device that reproduces texts and images on paper. The main
types are: dot matrix, ink jet, and laser.
Inbox: inbox.
JSON: (JavaScript object notation). is a simple text format for thedata exchange.
It is a subset of the literal notation ofobjectsofJavaScript, although, due to its wide
adoption as an alternative toXML, is considered (year2019) a language
independent format.
JFS: (Log File System). is a 64-bit file system with transaction backup created
byIBM, originally for AIX. It is available under licenseGNUGPL. There are
versions forAIX,eComStation,OS / 2and for theoperating systemsknown
asLinuxandHP-UX.
Keyboard: keyboard.
Keyword: keyword for any search.
The KISS principle states that most systems work better if they are kept simple
than if they are complex; therefore, thesimplicitymust be maintained as a key
objective of thedesign, and anycomplexityunnecessary should be avoided.
Laptop - A laptop the size of an approximate portfolio. There are other smaller
ones: palmtop and handheld, for example.
Latency: The time required for an information packet to travel from the source to
its destination. Latency and bandwidth, together, define the capacity and speed of
a network.
Linux: free operating system for personal computers derived from Unix.
LPT: Line Print Terminal. Connection between a personal computer and a printer
or other device. It is a parallel port and is faster than a serial port.
Mac OS: operating system for personal computers and Macintosh workstations.
Mac: Macintosh. Macintosh: computer that Apple started manufacturing in 1984.
It was the first personal computer that incorporated a graphical interface, in order
to facilitate a more intuitive use of the machine. It has its own operating system,
called Mac OS. The use of the Macintosh is widespread among graphic designers,
visual lists, and musicians.
Megahertz (MHz): One million hertz or hertz. Cache memory: A small amount of
high-speed memory that increases computer performance by temporarily storing
data.
Browser: program to tour the World Wide Web. Some of the best known are
Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Explorer, Opera and Neoplanet.
OR
Office: Microsoft suite for office work; Includes word processor, database and
spreadsheet.
Outbox: outbox.
Packet (packet): the part of a message that is transmitted over a network. Before
being sent over the Internet, the information is divided into packets.
Password: password.
PGP: PrettyGoodPrivacy.
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3): Mail Protocol 3. It is a standard protocol for
receiving e-mail.
Internet service provider: company that offers an Internet connection, e-mails and
other related services, such as the construction and hosting of web pages.
IrDA infrared port: port for wireless communication using the standard IrDa.
Parallel port: connection through which data is sent through various conduits. A
computer usually has a parallel port called LPT1.
Serial port: connection through which data is sent through a single conduit. For
example, the mouse connects to a serial port. Computers have two serial ports:
COM1 and COM2.
QBL: QueryByExample: query for example. Query method for the database.
RAM: Random Access Memory. Memory where the computer stores data that
allows the processor to quickly access the operating system, applications and data
in use. It is closely related to the speed of the computer. It is measured in
megabytes. Virtual reality: Simulation of a real or imaginary environment that can
be visually experienced in three dimensions. Virtual reality can also provide an
interactive experience of tactile, sound and movement perception.
Reboot: reload the operating system of a computer that has been "hung". Network:
in information technology, a network is a set of two or more interconnected
computers.
ROM: ReadOnlyMemory: Read-only memory. Built-in memory that contains data
that cannot be modified. Allows the computer to boot. Unlike RAM, data in ROM
is not lost when you turn off the computer.
Router: router. System consisting of hardware and software for data transmission
on the Internet. The sender and receiver must use the same protocol.
Raw: (raw). is a format ofarchivedigital deimagesthat contains all the data of the
image as it has been captured by thesensordigital camera, whether photographic or
other.
ScanDisk: Windows program that checks a disk, detects errors and corrects them.
Shortcut: shortcut. See direct access. Operating system: program that manages the
other programs on a computer.
Sniffer: program that monitors and analyzes network traffic to detect problems or
bottlenecks. Its objective is to maintain the efficiency of data traffic. But it can
also be used illegitimately to capture data on a network.
Software: general term that designates the different types of programs used in
computing.
TCP / IP: Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It is the protocol used on
the Internet.
Toolbar: toolbar.
Tools: tools.
Trojan (Trojanhorse; Trojan horse): program that contains harmful code within
apparently harmless data. It can ruin part of the hard drive.
TIFF: (Tagged image file format). is acomputer file formatto store images
ofbitmap. It is prevalent in thegraphic industryand in thePhotographyprofessional
for its versatility andnon-destructive compression.
OR
Unix: multi-user operating system, was very important in the development of the
Internet.
USB (Universal Serial Bus): is a plug & play interface between a computer and
certain devices, for example, keyboards, telephones, scanners and printers.
vBNS: Very High Performance Backbone Network Service. The network that
interconnects more than 125 institutions dedicated to research.
Virus: small program that "infects" a computer; It can cause undesirable effects
and even irreparable damage.
Website: website.
Webcam: camcorder that records images that can be accessed from a website.
WebTV: technology in which television and the World Wide Web converge. A
television allows browsing web pages using a browser and remote control. The
signal comes through a modem connected to a phone line.
Windows 2000: Version of the Windows operating system, whose launch has
been announced by Microsoft for the year 1999.
Windows CE: Windows based operating system. It was designed for mobile or
small devices. It comes built into various brands of handheld.
Windows NT: Microsoft Windows operating system designed for advanced users
and companies. There are actually two products: Windows NT Workstation and
Windows NT Server.
Wireless: wireless.
World Wide Web: world network; world wide web. It is the multimedia part of
the Internet. That is, the resources created in HTML and its derivatives. Global
information system developed in 1990 by Robert Cailliau and Tim Berners-Lee at
CERN (European Council for Nuclear Research). With the incorporation of
graphic resources and hypertexts, it was the basis for the explosive popularization
of the Internet from 1993.
XUL(acronym for XML User Interface Language), language based onXMLfor theuser
interface, developed byMozilla. XUL is implemented as an XML dialect, allowing
graphical user interfaces to be written similarly to web pages.
YAST: (Another Configuration Tool More ") is an application for the distribution
ofLinuxopenSUSEas well as commercial versions ofSUSE Linux, which
facilitates system administration and software installation.
Y2K: Year 2 K: Year 2000. Many computer systems use software that records
dates with the last two digits of the year; for example, 97 represents the year 1997.
When the year 2000 arrives, the last two digits will be 00, and many computers
will read them as 1900, which could cause system failures and even crashes. All
over the world, efforts are being made to avoid the consequences of this problem
in communications, health, public administration, commercial and financial
activities, and daily life.
Zip drive: peripheral for data storage. Each zip drive can contain up to 100 MB
(megabytes) or the equivalent of 70 floppy disks.
Zipear: compress.
Zeroconf: (Zero configuration networks). is a set of techniques that allow you to
automatically create a networkIPno configuration or special servers. Also known
as Automatic Private IP Addressing orAPIPA, allows users without technical
knowledge to connect computers, network printers or other elements and make
them work.
DMZ: (demilitarized zone). is anetlocal that is located between the internal network
of an organization and an external network, generally inInternet. The goal of a DMZ
is that connections from the internal and external network to the DMZ are allowed,
while in general connections from the DMZ are only allowed to the external network
(theteamsof the DMZ cannot connect to the internal network). This allows the DMZ
teams to provide services to the external network while protecting the internal
network in the event that intruders compromise the security of the equipment located
in the demilitarized zone. For anyone on the external network who wants to illegally
connect to the internal network, the demilitarized zone becomes a dead end.
ANEXO
LAN: (Local Area Network: Red de Área Local). Estas redes vinculan
computadoras que se hallan en un espacio físico pequeño, como una oficina o un
edificio. La interconexión se realiza a través de un cable o de ondas.