COMPARATIVOS Y SUPERLATIVOS (COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES)

- Los adjetivos a veces cambian de forma para decir ms que o el ms. A continuacin veremos las reglas que siguen los
adjetivos para expresar el comparativo y el superlativo en ingls.
Los comparativos y superlativos se forman en ingls de tres formas:
Los adjetivos irregulares

-Forman el comparativo con "er y el superlativo con "the......est" los siguiente adjetivos.
Los monoslabos:(tall,short,fat,big)
Los bislabos acabados en: y-er-le-ow (happy,tender,narrow,noble) Los bislabos
con acento en la ltima slaba(polite,profound,sincere)

-A veces hay que cambiar la ortografa de los adjetivos cuando aadimos "er y est".
-Los que terminan en "e" aaden solo "r" y "est"

-Los que terminan en "y" precedida de consonante,cambian la "y"por "i".

-Los terminados en una sola consonante, precedida de una vocal doblan la consonante final.

-Los adjetivos largos forman el comparatativo y superlativo con "more /the most".

- Los superlativos y comparativos siempre van delante del nombre que acompaan.

-Con los comparativos "que" se traduce con Than.

-Si hay un pronombre en lugar de un nombre propio, usamos los pronombres objeto

-Con los comparativos de igualdad tancomo usamos asas.

She is as taller as you

Ella es tan alta como t

TABLA DE COMPARATIVOS EN BASE A ADJETIVOS DE UNA SOLA SLABA

ADJETIVO
BLACK

SIGNIFICADO
NEGRO

COMPARATIVO

SUPERLATIVO

BLACKER

THE BLACKEST

BOLD

DEPRIMIDO

BOLDER

THE BOLDEST

BRAVE

VALIENTE

BRAVER

THE BRAVEST

BRIGHT

BRILLANTE

BRIGHTER

THE BRIGHTEST

BROAD

ANCHO, AMPLIO

BROADER

THE BROADEST

CHEAP

BARATO

CHEAPER

THE CHEAPEST

CLEAN

LIMPIO

CLEANER

THE CLEANEST

CLOSE

CERCA

CLOSER

THE CLOSEST

COLD

FRIO

COLDER

THE COLDEST

FRESCO

COOLER

THE COOLEST

DARKER

THE DARKEST

COOL
DARK

OSCURO, MORENO

FAST

RAPIDO

FASTER

THE FASTEST

FAT

GORDO

FATTER

THE FASTTEST

FRESH

FRESCO

FRESHER

THE FRESHEST

FULL

LLENO, COMPLETO

HARD

DIFICIL, DURO

HIGH

ALTO, ELEVADO

FULLER

THE FULLEST

HARDER

THE HARDEST

HIGHER

THE HIGHEST

HOTTER

THE HOTTEST

HOT

CALIENTE

LARGE

GRANDE

LARGER

THE LARGEST

LONG

LARGO

LONGER

THE LONGEST

NEARER

THE NEAREST

NEWER

THE NEWEST

NEAR
NEW

CERCANO, PROXIMO
NUEVO

NICE

SIMPATICO

NICER

THE NICEST

OLD

VIEJO, ANCIANO

OLDER

THE OLDEST

POOR

POBRE

POORER

THE POOREST

QUICK

RAPIDO

QUICKER

THE QUICKEST

SAFE
SHORT

SEGURO
CORTO, CHAPARRO

SAFER

THE SAFEST

SHORTER

THE SHORTEST

SLIM

DELGADO

SLIMMER

THE SLIMMEST

SMART

INTELIGENTE

SMARTER

THE SMARTEST

TALL
WEAK
YOUNG

ALTO
DEBIL, ENFERMO
JOVEN

TALLER

THE TALLEST

WEAKER

THE WEAKEST

YOUNGER

THR YOUNGEST

TABLA DE COMPARATIVOS EN BASE A ADJETIVOS DE 2 O MS SLABAS

ADJETIVO

SIGNIFICADO

COMPARATIVO

SUPERLATIVO

CAREFUL

CUIDADO

MORE CAREFUL

THE MOST CAREFUL

TIRED

CANSADO

MORE CAREFUL

THE MOST TIRED

USEFUL

UTIL

MORE USEFUL

THE MOST USEFUL

EXPENSIVE

CARO

MORE EXPENSIVE

THE MOST EXPENSIVE

SERIOUS

SERIO

MORE SERIOUS

THE MOST SERIOUS

INTERESTING

INTERESANTE

MORE INTERESTING

THE MOST INTERESTING

COMFORTABLE

COMODO

MORE COMFORTABLE

THE MOST COMFORTABLE

SENSITIVE

PRUDENTE. SENSIBLE

MORE SENSITIVE

THE MOST SENSITIVE

TALKATIVE

CONVERSADOR

MORE TALKATIVE

THE MOST TALKATIVE

BEAUTIFUL

BONITO

MORE BEAUTIFUL

THE MOST BEAUTIFUL

DANGEROUS

PELIGROSO

MORE DANGEROUS

THE MOST DANGEROUS

ATTRACTIVE

ATRACTIVO

MORE ATTRACTIVE

THE MOST ATTRACTIVE

DIFFICULT

DIFICIL

MORE DIFFICULT

THE MOST DIFFICULT

LITTLE

PEQUEO

MORE LITTLE

THE MOST LITTLE

INTELLIGENT

INTELIGENTE

MORE INTELLIGENT

THE MOST INTELLIGENT

FLIRTATIOUS

COQUETA

MORE FLIRTATIOUS

THE MOST FLIRTATIOUS

CARELESS

DESCUIDADO

MORE CARELESS

THE MOST CARELESS

CAREFREE

DESPREOCUPADO

MORE CAREFREE

THE MOST CAREFREE

GENEROUS

GENEROSO

MORE GENEROUS

THE MOST GENEROUS

SELFISH

EGOISTA

MORE SELFISH

THE MOST SELFISH

RELIABLE

CONFIABLE

MORE RELIABLE

THE MOST RELIABLE

NAUGHTY

TRAVIESO, MALO

MORE NAUGHTY

THE MOST NAUGHTY

YELLOW

AMARILLO

MORE YELLOW

THE MOST YELLOW

ORANGE

NARANJA

MORE ORANGE

THE MOST ORANGE

BUSY

OCUPADO

BUSIER

THE BUSIEST

CRAZY

LOCO

CRAZIER

THE CRAZIEST

CLOUDY

NUBLADO

CLOUDIER

THE CLOUDIEST

DIRTY

SUCIO

DIRTIER

THE DISTIEST

DIRTY

SUCIO

DIRTIER

THE DISTIEST

DRY

SECO

DRIER

THE DRIEST

EARLY

TEMPRANO

EARLIER

THE EARLIEST

EASY

FACIL

EASIER

THE EASIEST

FRIENDLY

AMISTOSO

FRIENDLIER

THE FRIENDLIEST

HAPPY

FELIZ

HAPPIER

THE HAPPIEST

PRETTY

BONITO, LINDO

PRETTIER

THE PRETTIEST

UGLY

FEO

UGLIER

THE UGLIEST

EJEMPLOS DEL USO DE LOS COMPARATIVOS Y LOS SUPERLATIVOS EN INGLS. ORACIONES

USANDO EL COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD:

MARIA ES TAN HERMOSA COMO SOFIA MARIA

IS AS BEAUTIFUL AS SOFIA
RAFAEL ES TAN POBRE COMO DAVID
RAFAEL IS AS POOR AS DAVID
MICAELA ES TAN GENEROSA COMO BELINDA
MICAELA IS AS GENEROUS AS BELINDA
RUPERTO ES TAN INTELIGENTE COMO BETO
RUPERTO IS AS SMART AS BETO
PETRONILA ES TAN DESPREOCUPADA COMO NOSOTROS
PETRONILA IS AS CAREFREE AS US

ORACIONES USANDO EL COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDAD:

MARIA ES MS HERMOSA QUE SOFA MARIA IS

MORE BEAUTIFUL THAN SOFA
RAFAEL ES MS POBRE QUE DAVID
RAFAEL IS POORER THAN DAVID
MICAELA ES MS GENEROSA QUE BELINDA MICAELA
IS MORE GENEROUS THAN BELINDA
RUPERTO ES MAS INTELIGENTE QUE BETO
RUPERTO IS SMARTER THAN BETO
PETRONILA ES MAS DESPREOCUPADA QUE NOSOTROS
PETRONILA IS MORE CAREFREE THAN US

ORACIONES USANDO EL SUPERLATIVO:

MARIA ES LA MS HERMOSA MARIA

IS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL
RAFAEL ES EL MS POBRE
RAFAEL IS THE POOREST
MICAELA ES LA MS GENEROSA
MICAELA IS THE MOST GENEROUS
RUPERTO ES EL MS INTELIGENTE
RUPERTO IS THE SMARTEST
PETRONILA ES LA MS DESPREOCUPADA
PETRONILA IS THE MOST CAREFREE

EJERCICIO: OBSERVA EL SIGUIENTE EJEMPLO Y POSTERIORMENTE RESUELVE EL EJERCICIO.

LALO/TALL/ALFREDO
CI.- LALO IS AS TALLER AS ALFREDO LALO ES TAN ALTO COMO
ALFREDO CS.- LALO IS TALLER THAN ALFREDO LALO ES MS
ALTO QUE ALFREDO SUP.- LALO IS THE TALLEST LALO ES EL
MS ALTO
CI = COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD
RESUELVE LAS ORACIONES BASNDOTE EN EL
EJEMPLO ANTERIOR. 1.GRISELDA/INTELLIGENT/PEDRO
2.- BEDROOM/DIRTY/LIVING ROOM
3.- MY COUSIN/HAPPY/LOLA
4.- YOUR SOFA/COMFORTABLE/ MY CHAIR
5.- BERNARDO/RICH/MAURICIO
6.- MARIELA/BUSY/TOMS
7.- HIS DOG/FRIENDLY/YOUR DOG
8.- FORD MUSTANG/FAST/CHEVY
9.- ESPAA/FAR/GUATEMALA
10.- CRUZ AZUL/GOOD/AMERICA

CS = COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDAD

SUP = SUPERLATIVO

ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

A. Formation of adjectives:
Noun + Suffix
-Iy

-ish

-some -en

Verb + Suffix

-ful

-less -y

-ous -en

-ed

-ic

-able

-ive

-al

-ing

-ed

-ent

Turn these nouns and verbs into adjectives

beard :

orient :

alcohol :

accept :

power :

snow

wood

insist

region

fashion :

end

harm

child

nation :

idiot

explode :

friend :

live

fury

act

fame

annoy :

danger :

create :

B. Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives

1 .The ship was badly__________ .(damage)
2. It is___________________ to carry water in a basket. (point)
3. He is so absent ________________.(mind)
4. I was extremely________________ on the day of the exam. (nerve
5. She isnt_________ enough for this work. (create)
6. The problem is that he sometimes

can be very____________. (annoy)

7. Late applications are not_______________. (accept)

8. Why don t you try to be more__________________? (friend)

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C.

Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs / -ING or -ED
amaze

terrify

excite

bore

depress

embarrass

interest

disappoint

1. Mary looked

calm, but inside she felt really_________.

2. I enjoyed Dr Browns visit. He is a very___________ speaker.

3. It was a bad day. We were all thoroughly _____________.
4. I enjoyed the movie. The monster was absolutely _____________. 5. We were
rather _______________ with the results.
6. I had only one book and unluckily it was ______________. 7. We were
dreadfully late. It was very _______________.
8. The results were very ________________.
9. Jack looked even more ________________ than he felt.
10. We invited them to join us but they werent really ________________.
11. The bad news was very ____________.
12. George made a perfect fool of himself. He was awfully ______________.
13. Shes a brilliant woman. She has the most _____________ ideas.
14. Have you heard whats happened? Isnt it ______________?
15. I had nothing to do. I was _____________.
16. We were told there was a fire at the park. Everyone was ________________.

EJERCICIOS DE INGLS ONLINE

COMPARATIVO
En ingls existen 3 tipos de comparativo: INFERIORIDAD, IGUALDAD Y
SUPERIORIDAD
1) COMPARATIVO DE INFERIORIDAD:
Estructura: [less + than] ///// [not as .......as]
Ejemplo: He is less intelligent than you (El es menos inteligente que tu)
Ejemplo: He is not as intelligent as you (El no es tan inteligente como tu)
NOTA: Normalmente se utiliza less para incontables y fewer para los contables
2) COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD:
Estructura: [as + as]
Ejemplo: He is as intelligent as you (El es tan inteligente como tu)
3) COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDAD
El comparativo de superioridad tiene dos estructuras diferentes dependiendo de la longitud del
adjetivo.
ADJETIVOS CORTOS [-er + than]
Ejemplo: He is taller than me (El es ms alto que yo)
ADJETIVOS LARGOS [more + than]
Ejemplo: He is more intelligent than me (El es ms inteligente que yo)

SPECIAL SPELLING
Pretty - Prettier (La "y" se sustituye por "i", y despus se aade -er.
Large - Larger (Se aade solo una "r" porque ya acabe en "e".
Big - Bigger (Si un adejetivo acaba en consonate+vocal+consonante, se le dobla la ltima
consonante y se aade er.
ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES
(Bueno) Good - Better (Mejor)
(Malo) Bad - Worse (Peor)
(Lejos) Far - Further (ms lejos)

EJERCICIOS DE INGLS ONLINE

En ingls, el superlativo, al igual que ocurre con el comprativo de superioridad tiene dos
estructuras dependiendo de la longitud de los adjetivos:

ADJETIVOS CORTOS
Estructura: [the + -est]
Ejemplo: He is the tallest boy in the classroom (El es el chico ms alto de
la clase) ADJETIVOS LARGOS
Estructura: [ the most + adjetivo]
Ejemplo: He is the most intelligent boy in the classroom (El es el chico ms inteligente de
la clase)
ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES

Good - The best (el

mejor) Bad - The
worst (el peor)
Far - The furthest (el ms lejano)
EJERCICIOS COMPARATIVOS Y SUPERLATIVOS
COMPLETE THE ADJECTIVES USING THE COMPARATIVE FORM
1. Its too noisy here. Can we go to a . (quiet) place?
2. The hotel was .. (big) than that in which we stayed last year.
3. Your work is .. (good) than mine.
4. The accident could have been (bad) than it was.
5. I was .. (nervous) in my exam yesterday than Mark.
6. Id like to have a .. (fast) car. The one I have now is really old.
7. Last week it was really hot. Today is .. (cold) than then.

WHICH IS CORRECT?
1. We have an older / more old brother who lives in Miami.
2. Her illness is more serious / most serious than what the doctors expected.
3. I like warm weather. If the weather is more cold / colder, I feel ill.
4. This dress is more beautiful / the most beautiful than that.
5. He is richest / richer than Arthur.
6. This road is farther / further than the motorway.
7. Was the TV programme bad /worse than the film?

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE ADJECTIVES

1. Its a very nice house. Its house in the street.
2. This is a cheap restaurant. Its . Ive ever been.
3. It was a very valuable painting. Im sure it was painting in the gallery.
4. Shes a very good tennis player. Her trainer says she is
5. Hes a very dangerous criminal. The police say he is . in the country.
6. We should buy him a beautiful present. Last year we gave him gift of all in his
birthday.

4. WRITE THE COMPARATIVE OR SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE ADJECTIVES IN THESE SENTENCES

1. She was a very intelligent student. She was. girl in her class.
2. Its a very old castle. Experts argued it is . in Britain.
3. Im going to sleep on the sofa. The floor is (uncomfortable) than it.
4. This new job is .. (important) for me than the last I had.
5. Living in the countryside is (healthy) than leaving in town.
6. These instructions were . (difficult) I have ever read.

SOLUCIONES EJERCICIOS
COMPLETE THE ADJECTIVES USING THE COMPARATIVE FORM
1. Its too noisy here. Can we go to a QUIETER (quiet) place?
2. The hotel was BIGGER (big) than that in which we stayed last year.
3. Your work is BETTER (good) than mine.
4. The accident could have been WORSE (bad) than it was.
5. I was MORE NERVOUS (nervous) in my exam yesterday than Mark.
6. Id like to have a FASTER (fast) car. The one I have now is really old.
7. Last week it was really hot. Today is COLDER (cold) than then.

WHICH IS CORRECT?
1. We have an older / more old brother who lives in Miami.
2. Her illness is more serious / most serious than what the doctors expected.
3. I like warm weather. If the weather is more cold / colder, I feel ill.
4. This dress is more beautiful / the most beautiful than that.
5. He is richest / richer than Arthur.
6. This road is farther / further than the motorway.
7. Was the TV programme bad /worse than the film?

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE ADJECTIVES

1. Its a very nice house. Its THE NICEST house in the street.
2. This is a cheap restaurant. Its THE CHEAPEST Ive ever been.
3. It was a very valuable painting. Im sure it was THE MOST VALUABLE painting in the gallery.
4. Shes a very good tennis player. Her trainer says she is THE BEST
5. Hes a very dangerous criminal. The police says he is THE MOST DANGEROUS in the country.
6. We should buy him a beautiful present. Last year we gave him THE MOST BEAUTIFUL gift of all in his
birthday.

4. WRITE THE COMPARATIVE OR SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE ADJECTIVES IN THESE SENTENCES

1. She was a very intelligent student. She was THE MOST INTELLIGENT girl in her class.
2. Its a very old castle. Experts argued it is THE OLDEST in Britain.
3. Im going to sleep on the sofa. The floor is MORE UNCOMFORTABLE (uncomfortable) than it.
4. This new job is MORE IMPORTANT (important) for me than the last I had.
5. Living in the countryside is HEALTHIER (healthy) than leaving in town.
6. These instructions were THE MOST DIFFICULT (difficult) ones I have ever read.