Aslama Horowitz, M., Nieminen, H., Lehtisaari, K., D'Arma, A. (eds) Epistemic Rights in the Era of Digital Disruption. Global Transformations in Media and Communication Research - A Palgrave and IAMCR Series. Palgrave, 2024
China has the second-largest internet market in the world. With the rapid creation and adaptation... more China has the second-largest internet market in the world. With the rapid creation and adaptation of digital platforms and e-commerce, the access to, collection and dissemination of data have become the focus of academic debate and policymaking. Three factors contributed to these developments: (1) the internet and data are perceived in China as an important driving force for economic development and an important manifestation of social vitality; (2) with the rapid development of the platform economy, the mass production of data has raised governance problems in relation to the storage, transmission and use of data; and (3) the role of digital social media platforms in data access and dissemination has strengthened the public demand for the government to protect the right to information in China. It is within this context that the question on the right to access to
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Papers by Yik Chan Chin
Governance Forum, providing a platform for stakeholders and changemakers in the AI field to contribute their expertise, insights, and recommendations. PNAI’s primary goal is to foster dialogue and contribute to the global AI policy discourse. Participation in and contribution are open to everyone. PNAI's recommendations and report will be presented and discussed at the 18th annual IGF meeting in Kyoto, Japan, in October 2023.
Artiffcial Intelligence (AI) algorithms is a burgeoning practice
with signiffcant potential to affect society directly. It can
address data scarcity, privacy, and bias issues but does raise
concerns about data quality, security, and ethical implications.
While some systems use only synthetic data, most times
synthetic data is used together with real-world data to train
AI models. Our recommendations in this document are for
any system where some synthetic data are used. The use
of synthetic data has the potential to enhance existing
data to allow for more efffcient and inclusive practices and
policies. However, we cannot assume synthetic data to be
automatically better or even equivalent to data from the
physical world. There are many risks to using synthetic data,
including cybersecurity risks, bias propagation, and increasing
model error. This document sets out recommendations for the
responsible use of synthetic data in AI training.
Governance Forum, providing a platform for stakeholders and changemakers in the AI field to contribute their expertise, insights, and recommendations. PNAI’s primary goal is to foster dialogue and contribute to the global AI policy discourse. Participation in and contribution are open to everyone. PNAI's recommendations and report will be presented and discussed at the 18th annual IGF meeting in Kyoto, Japan, in October 2023.
Artiffcial Intelligence (AI) algorithms is a burgeoning practice
with signiffcant potential to affect society directly. It can
address data scarcity, privacy, and bias issues but does raise
concerns about data quality, security, and ethical implications.
While some systems use only synthetic data, most times
synthetic data is used together with real-world data to train
AI models. Our recommendations in this document are for
any system where some synthetic data are used. The use
of synthetic data has the potential to enhance existing
data to allow for more efffcient and inclusive practices and
policies. However, we cannot assume synthetic data to be
automatically better or even equivalent to data from the
physical world. There are many risks to using synthetic data,
including cybersecurity risks, bias propagation, and increasing
model error. This document sets out recommendations for the
responsible use of synthetic data in AI training.
differences in its political conditions and policies, since 2006 the central government of the People’s Republic of China has undertaken construction of a PSB system of its own. The result, as described in this article, is a new form of top-down public communications network with similarities to both Chinese
and European precedents. Coinciding with the new emphasis placed by the Chinese state on public cultural service [PCS], a vigorous academic debate has also emerged concerning
how basic cultural rights, such as equal access to state-owned media in both urban and rural locations, should be guaranteed and protected. Academic researchers and state officials seem to agree that China’s PSB system plays an important role in achieving such aims, and advocate the establishment and
expansion of a system attuned to China’s social conditions. These developments come at a time when public service media [PSM] around the world face serious economic challenges that have been exacerbated by global recession. We
note in contrast that the Chinese state is beginning to take initiatives in major urban areas to extend PSB and other public information services (e.g. digital information resources, museums, and libraries) to citizens, and that PSB will
likely continue to expand there as a result. These developments raise interesting questions concerning the origins and
role of PSB within an ostensibly authoritarian society, and the extent to which media’s public service functions can co-exist with a state-owned broadcasting sector. Here we address these questions by first examining normative conceptions of PSB in Western Europe – the cradle of its emergence – and China. In our view, debate over the meanings and goals of PSB can explain, if not predict, the shape of public media within a variety of historical and national contexts.
We begin by addressing questions of fundamental importance: which functions of PSB are given precedence at the expense of others? To what ends are these functions intended? Next we summarise the policy environment and other key conditions that are giving rise to PSB as a sector in China. We
conclude with examination of PSB expansion in the local context to add an empirical perspective on the state’s normative rhetoric. Throughout the chapter
we consider the degree to which PSB is sustainable in China, and argue that the answer is wholly dependent on how one defines ‘public’ within an authoritarian context, and whether institutional and fiscal support for this new concept will continue in the period of China’s next Five-Year Plan and beyond. As we demonstrate, although initiative for the development of PSB has been predominantly generated by the state, opening this door has allowed a range of actors to enter into debates concerning the legitimacy of individual cultural,
political, and civil rights – all under the rubric of public service. This, in turn, gives rise to the possibility that although PSM in China remains state-controlled, its function and content are not solely determined by the central government. There is possibility that PCS policies in China may not only create new publics but also new public media advocates, whose borrowing from a range of international models may yet revive interest in Europe’s embattled sector. Indeed, many familiar debates concerning how to balance PSM independence with
political and financial viability are now taking place in China today. Gaining the initiative there may have something useful to contribute to discussion about regaining the initiative elsewhere.