This work addresses the potentialities of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow fibre m... more This work addresses the potentialities of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow fibre membranes for seawater desalination. Experiments were carried out with a synthetic salty water containing a concentration of NaCl from 0 up to 300 g/L. A Microza (Pall) hollow fibre module was used. Experimental results show that, for this module, concentration polarisation and heat transfer limitations are not significant and do not modify the permeate flux. This is a great advantage over reverse osmosis (RO). Energy consumption was then studied using computations based on modelling. Two different industrial plants were considered: the first one consisted of hollow fibre modules arranged in series and operated in a single-pass. The second one was designed for a discontinuous operation using a circulation loop. Computations clearly show the interest (low energy consumption) of VMD for seawater desalination in comparison with RO.
ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-... more ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-L-alanine sodium salt (6) and 2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (1) was successfully completed. Incorporation of silyl ester protection and the use of an enamine-protecting group allowed for the elimination of several processing steps.
It is disclosed herein Brewer tone tyrosine kinase (Bruton's tyrosine kinase; Btk) inhibitor ... more It is disclosed herein Brewer tone tyrosine kinase (Bruton's tyrosine kinase; Btk) inhibitor 1 - ((R) -3- (4-amino-3- (4-phenoxyphenyl) -1H- pyrazolo [3,4-d ] pyrimidin-1-yl) piperidin-1-yl) prop-2-en-1-one are, and this includes a crystal form thereof, acceptable salts solvates and pharmaceutical. Inde Also disclosed methods of using the pharmaceutical preparations and, Btk inhibitor comprising the Btk inhibitor alone or in combination with another therapeutic agent, which is cancer, including autoimmune diseases or conditions, cross-immune diseases or conditions, lymphoma, and inflammatory diseases or intended for the treatment of the condition.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1985
Die Titelverbindungen Können durch Reaktion von Methyldibromstiban mit Natriumdithiocarbamaten be... more Die Titelverbindungen Können durch Reaktion von Methyldibromstiban mit Natriumdithiocarbamaten bei tiefen Temperaturen (−78°C) erhalten werden. Bezüglich seiner Kristallstruktur läßt sich CH3Sb(S2CNEt2)2 gut zwischen dem entsprechenden Bismutan CH3Bi(S2CNEt2)2 und dem Arsan C6H5As(S2CNEt2)2. einordnen. Anzeichen für ungewöhnliche intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen sind bei dieser Verbindung nicht zu erkennen.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1983
Die Verbindungen erhält man auf zwei verschiedenen Synthesewegen, entweder durch Umsetzung von Me... more Die Verbindungen erhält man auf zwei verschiedenen Synthesewegen, entweder durch Umsetzung von Methyldibromstiban und ‐bismutan mit den Natriumsalzen von Carbonsäuren, oder durch Umsetzung von Diethoxymethylstiban und ‐bismutan mit Carbonsäuren.
ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-... more ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-L-alanine sodium salt (6) and 2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (1) was successfully completed. Incorporation of silyl ester protection and the use of an enamine-protecting group allowed for the elimination of several processing steps.
The metabolism of moxonidine, 4-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-5-pyri... more The metabolism of moxonidine, 4-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinamine, LY326869, in rats, mice, dogs, and humans has been examined. At least 17 metabolites were identified or tentatively identified in the different species by HPLC, LC/MS and LC/MS/MS. The identities of seven of the major metabolites have been verified by independent synthesis. The metabolites are generally derived from oxidation and conjugation pathways. Oxidation occurred at the imidazolidine ring as well as the methyl at the 2 position of the pyrimidine ring. All seven metabolites were examined in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (3 mg kg(-1), i.v.) for pressure and heart rate. Only one, 2-hydroxymethyl-4-chloro-5-(imidazolidin-2-ylidenimino)-6-methoxypyrimidine, exerted a short-lasting decrease in blood pressure, albeit attenuated in magnitude compared to moxonidine.
This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for seawater desalination. The aim of the... more This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for seawater desalination. The aim of the work was to compare two hollow fibre module configurations (inside/out and outside/in). Experiments were carried out with pure water and with 15 g/L up to 300 g/L NaCl solutions and for two different material and structure of fibres. Pure water permeability and global heat transfer coefficient were compared for the two configurations. The influence of hydrodynamics on global heat and mass transfer coefficients is discussed.
This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow-fibre modules for seawater d... more This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow-fibre modules for seawater desalination. VMD is an evaporative process using porous and hydrophobic membranes, which physically separate the aqueous liquid feed from the gaseous permeate kept under ...
The barriers on the MINDO/3 reaction paths for π and σ approaches to concerted cycloaddition of m... more The barriers on the MINDO/3 reaction paths for π and σ approaches to concerted cycloaddition of methylene to s‐cis‐1,3‐butadiene are analyzed by a new energy decomposition scheme and compared to the results of published extended Hückel calculations. The relatively small (6 kcal) preference for the σ approach is essentially based on next‐nearest‐neighbor (1,3) resonance interactions, which are stabilizing in the σ but destabilizing in the π approach. Both routes are characterized by large distortion energies (mainly disrotation at the diene termini in the case of the π approach) and nonbonded repulsions. The excessive magnitude of both of these effects ultimately derives from the weak pericyclic binding which prevails at initial diene geometries, especially the pericyclic topology involving the methylene LUMO. Although previous work has emphasized the contribution of closed‐shell repulsions to the barrier, no such effect is explicitly included in MINDO. The closed‐shell repulsions to which the extended Hückel barrier has been solely attributed are shown to involve next‐nearest‐neighbor (antiaromatic) resonance interactions.
This work addresses the potentialities of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow fibre m... more This work addresses the potentialities of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow fibre membranes for seawater desalination. Experiments were carried out with a synthetic salty water containing a concentration of NaCl from 0 up to 300 g/L. A Microza (Pall) hollow fibre module was used. Experimental results show that, for this module, concentration polarisation and heat transfer limitations are not significant and do not modify the permeate flux. This is a great advantage over reverse osmosis (RO). Energy consumption was then studied using computations based on modelling. Two different industrial plants were considered: the first one consisted of hollow fibre modules arranged in series and operated in a single-pass. The second one was designed for a discontinuous operation using a circulation loop. Computations clearly show the interest (low energy consumption) of VMD for seawater desalination in comparison with RO.
ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-... more ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-L-alanine sodium salt (6) and 2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (1) was successfully completed. Incorporation of silyl ester protection and the use of an enamine-protecting group allowed for the elimination of several processing steps.
It is disclosed herein Brewer tone tyrosine kinase (Bruton's tyrosine kinase; Btk) inhibitor ... more It is disclosed herein Brewer tone tyrosine kinase (Bruton's tyrosine kinase; Btk) inhibitor 1 - ((R) -3- (4-amino-3- (4-phenoxyphenyl) -1H- pyrazolo [3,4-d ] pyrimidin-1-yl) piperidin-1-yl) prop-2-en-1-one are, and this includes a crystal form thereof, acceptable salts solvates and pharmaceutical. Inde Also disclosed methods of using the pharmaceutical preparations and, Btk inhibitor comprising the Btk inhibitor alone or in combination with another therapeutic agent, which is cancer, including autoimmune diseases or conditions, cross-immune diseases or conditions, lymphoma, and inflammatory diseases or intended for the treatment of the condition.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1985
Die Titelverbindungen Können durch Reaktion von Methyldibromstiban mit Natriumdithiocarbamaten be... more Die Titelverbindungen Können durch Reaktion von Methyldibromstiban mit Natriumdithiocarbamaten bei tiefen Temperaturen (−78°C) erhalten werden. Bezüglich seiner Kristallstruktur läßt sich CH3Sb(S2CNEt2)2 gut zwischen dem entsprechenden Bismutan CH3Bi(S2CNEt2)2 und dem Arsan C6H5As(S2CNEt2)2. einordnen. Anzeichen für ungewöhnliche intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen sind bei dieser Verbindung nicht zu erkennen.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1983
Die Verbindungen erhält man auf zwei verschiedenen Synthesewegen, entweder durch Umsetzung von Me... more Die Verbindungen erhält man auf zwei verschiedenen Synthesewegen, entweder durch Umsetzung von Methyldibromstiban und ‐bismutan mit den Natriumsalzen von Carbonsäuren, oder durch Umsetzung von Diethoxymethylstiban und ‐bismutan mit Carbonsäuren.
ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-... more ABSTRACT An alternate synthesis of title compound (5) using Ar-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methylvinyl)-L-alanine sodium salt (6) and 2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (1) was successfully completed. Incorporation of silyl ester protection and the use of an enamine-protecting group allowed for the elimination of several processing steps.
The metabolism of moxonidine, 4-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-5-pyri... more The metabolism of moxonidine, 4-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinamine, LY326869, in rats, mice, dogs, and humans has been examined. At least 17 metabolites were identified or tentatively identified in the different species by HPLC, LC/MS and LC/MS/MS. The identities of seven of the major metabolites have been verified by independent synthesis. The metabolites are generally derived from oxidation and conjugation pathways. Oxidation occurred at the imidazolidine ring as well as the methyl at the 2 position of the pyrimidine ring. All seven metabolites were examined in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (3 mg kg(-1), i.v.) for pressure and heart rate. Only one, 2-hydroxymethyl-4-chloro-5-(imidazolidin-2-ylidenimino)-6-methoxypyrimidine, exerted a short-lasting decrease in blood pressure, albeit attenuated in magnitude compared to moxonidine.
This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for seawater desalination. The aim of the... more This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for seawater desalination. The aim of the work was to compare two hollow fibre module configurations (inside/out and outside/in). Experiments were carried out with pure water and with 15 g/L up to 300 g/L NaCl solutions and for two different material and structure of fibres. Pure water permeability and global heat transfer coefficient were compared for the two configurations. The influence of hydrodynamics on global heat and mass transfer coefficients is discussed.
This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow-fibre modules for seawater d... more This work focuses on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) using hollow-fibre modules for seawater desalination. VMD is an evaporative process using porous and hydrophobic membranes, which physically separate the aqueous liquid feed from the gaseous permeate kept under ...
The barriers on the MINDO/3 reaction paths for π and σ approaches to concerted cycloaddition of m... more The barriers on the MINDO/3 reaction paths for π and σ approaches to concerted cycloaddition of methylene to s‐cis‐1,3‐butadiene are analyzed by a new energy decomposition scheme and compared to the results of published extended Hückel calculations. The relatively small (6 kcal) preference for the σ approach is essentially based on next‐nearest‐neighbor (1,3) resonance interactions, which are stabilizing in the σ but destabilizing in the π approach. Both routes are characterized by large distortion energies (mainly disrotation at the diene termini in the case of the π approach) and nonbonded repulsions. The excessive magnitude of both of these effects ultimately derives from the weak pericyclic binding which prevails at initial diene geometries, especially the pericyclic topology involving the methylene LUMO. Although previous work has emphasized the contribution of closed‐shell repulsions to the barrier, no such effect is explicitly included in MINDO. The closed‐shell repulsions to which the extended Hückel barrier has been solely attributed are shown to involve next‐nearest‐neighbor (antiaromatic) resonance interactions.
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