荷蘭西印度公司
外觀
此條目沒有列出任何參考或來源。 (2016年4月28日) |
荷蘭西印度公司 | |
---|---|
原文名稱 | Geoctrooieerde Westindische Compagnie |
公司類型 | 特許公司 |
成立 | 1621年6月3日 |
結束 | 1792年1月1日 |
創辦人 | 威廉·尤塞林克斯、Joannes de Laet |
代表人物 | 十九人董事會 (Heeren XIX) |
營業據點數 | 5(阿姆斯特丹、霍恩、鹿特丹、格羅寧根 和 米德爾堡) |
產品 | 運送奴隸、行政人員、農民和士兵,並販售鹽、海狸皮、銀、糖、煙草、咖啡、胭脂蟲, 墨水樹- 與蛇木(Brosimum guianense) |
母公司 | 荷蘭東印度公司 |
特許西印度公司(荷蘭語:Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie,簡稱GWC),通稱荷蘭西印度公司,創建於1621年6月3日,是荷蘭在聯省共和國時期仿東印度公司模式建立的特許公司,被荷蘭政府特許在巴西、加勒比海群島和北美洲為進行大西洋奴隸貿易。成立之初只是為了打破西班牙及葡萄牙對西方貿易權的壟斷,以及將對西戰爭的壓力從本土轉移到泛大西洋地區。在十七世紀初期到十八世紀曾對整個西半球的貿易,殖民,海盜等各方面擁有巨大的影響力。公司於1674年因債務未償還而解體,但因為販賣農奴的高額利潤和巨大需求,以及現存的諸多殖民地的,第二家西印度公司於1675年誕生,史稱為第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航線與第一家重疊,所有的船舶等財產歸第二西印度公司所有。它大約擁有六百萬荷蘭盾的資產,其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部貢獻。第二西印度公司在1792年關閉,爾後在1800年左右還出現「第三西印度公司」,但未成功建立。
相關條目
[編輯]參考資料
[編輯]- 張亞中,小國崛起——轉捩點上的關鍵抉擇,聯經出版事務股份有限公司,2008年,ISBN 978-957-08-3247-1
延伸閱讀
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