认知吝啬者

在心理学中、人类思想被认为是一种认知的吝啬者。无论智力如何，人们在思考问题和解决问题的时候，更倾向于使用更为简单或省力的方式，而非更加深思熟虑。^[1] 就像吝啬鬼总舍不得花钱一样，人们在思考时总是避免那些需要算计的工夫。认知吝啬者理论是一个总括性的认知理论，汇集以往的关于启发式偏差和归因偏差的研究，来解释如何和为什么人们是认知的吝啬者.^[2]^[3]

参考文献

^ Stanovich, Keith E. What intelligence tests miss: the psychology of rational thought. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2009: 70–85. ISBN 9780300123852. OCLC 216936066.
^ Fiske, Susan T.; Taylor, Shelley E. Social cognition 2nd. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1991 [1984]. ISBN 978-0070211919. OCLC 22810253.
^ Toplak, Maggie E.; West, Richard F.; Stanovich, Keith E. Assessing miserly information processing: an expansion of the Cognitive Reflection Test. Thinking & Reasoning. April 2014, 20 (2): 147–168. doi:10.1080/13546783.2013.844729.

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[Stanovich2009-1] Stanovich, Keith E. What intelligence tests miss: the psychology of rational thought. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2009: 70–85. ISBN 9780300123852. OCLC 216936066.

[Fiske&Taylor1991-2] Fiske, Susan T.; Taylor, Shelley E. Social cognition 2nd. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1991 [1984]. ISBN 978-0070211919. OCLC 22810253.

[ToplakWestStanovich2014-3] Toplak, Maggie E.; West, Richard F.; Stanovich, Keith E. Assessing miserly information processing: an expansion of the Cognitive Reflection Test. Thinking & Reasoning. April 2014, 20 (2): 147–168. doi:10.1080/13546783.2013.844729.

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