In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with ... more In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric, such as copper sulfate concentration and temperature in pre- and post-mordanting procedures, were studied. Antimicrobial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against common pathogenous bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Untreated acrylic fabric showed no antimicrobial behavior, whilst dyed and copper mordanted fabrics possessed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the treated fabric with 2 % copper sulfate in pre- and post-mordanting scenarios retained the highest antimicrobial property with good washing fastness. It was also shown that using higher temperature in the mordanting stage could lead to a higher antimicrobial functionality on mordanted dyed fabrics. Furthermore, K/S value, ...
Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of p... more Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO 2 nanoparticles and carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO 2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO 2 nanoparticles, even at low concentration.
To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the ... more To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO 2 microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior of each color was successfully managed using specific pigments along with TiO 2 particles. NIR reflectance of brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was enhanced by presence of TiO 2 in printing formulations, which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka-Munk theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO 2 particles was fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while it could significantly change the visible appearance of the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as 0.25 g/kg.
ABSTRACT In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at ... more ABSTRACT In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various times (30–60 s) and were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial fo... more Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial for making them undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability, perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric ...
Several colored pigments and inorganic pigment in the form of micro and nano including ZnO and AL... more Several colored pigments and inorganic pigment in the form of micro and nano including ZnO and AL2O3 particles were used to print Cotton/Polyester fabrics. Later changes in the reflective behavior of printed dark brown fabrics were analyzed in UVVisible-IR bands. Colorimetric values, washing, crocking and light fastness of printed fabrics were evaluated. Moreover, the effect of nano and micro particles on wettability and air
permeability of printed samples was studied. According to results, micro and nano particles in printing pasts change infrared (IR) reflectance significantly but it has a little effect on the visible reflectance of samples.
Acrylic fabric was treated with direct dyes in combination with copper and zinc sulfates as morda... more Acrylic fabric was treated with direct dyes in combination with copper and zinc sulfates as mordanting agents and then tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The metal salts used were also studied for their likely effects on the antimicrobial property of fabrics dyed with C.I. Direct Yellow 12, C.I. Direct Red 23, C.I. Direct Red 31, and C.I. Direct Black 38. Untreated (control) acrylic fabric exhibited no antibacterial behavior whilst dyed and mordanted fabrics revealed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the fabric treated with C.I. Direct Yellow 12 and copper sulfate as mordant achieved the highest antimicrobial activity with good washing fastness. Finally, FT-IR analysis, light, and washing fastnesses of the treated samples were evaluated.
In this research work, acrylic fabric
with an antimicrobial function was prepared by
dyeing with ... more In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric, such as copper sulfate concentration and temperature in pre- and postmordanting procedures, were studied. Antimicrobial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against common pathogenous bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Untreated acrylic fabric showed no antimicrobial behavior, whilst dyed and copper mordanted fabrics possessed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the treated fabric with 2 % copper sulfate in pre- and post-mordanting scenarios retained the highest antimicrobial property with good washing fastness. It was also shown that using higher temperature in the mordanting stage could lead to a higher antimicrobial functionality on mordanted dyed fabrics. Furthermore, K/S value, FTIR spectra, light and washing fastnesses of the treated fabrics were evaluated.
In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various t... more In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various times (30-60 s) and were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
To match the reflectance profile of desert colors
including brown, olive green, and khaki in the ... more To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/ nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO2 microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior of each color was successfully managed using specific pigments along with TiO2 particles. NIR reflectance of brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was enhanced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations, which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka–Munk theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO2 particles was fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while it could significantly change the visible appearance of the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as 0.25 g/kg.
Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior
of p... more Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO2 nanoparticles and carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO2 nanoparticles, even at low concentration
Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial fo... more Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial for making them undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability, perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each printed sample were evaluated. The presence of CB nanoparticles in printing formulations was found to cause significant decline in Near Infrared (NIR) reflectance of samples. The results showed that air permeability of samples printed containing CB nanoparticles are higher than samples printed with no CB particles. Absorbing phenomenon imposed by CB nanoparticles was fast against washing and perspiration, although printed samples indicated high to moderate light fastness. Furthermore, detectable change in visible appearance of the printed patterns was the main point of concern even at concentrations as low as 0.05 g/kg CB in printing formulation.
In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with ... more In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric, such as copper sulfate concentration and temperature in pre- and post-mordanting procedures, were studied. Antimicrobial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against common pathogenous bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Untreated acrylic fabric showed no antimicrobial behavior, whilst dyed and copper mordanted fabrics possessed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the treated fabric with 2 % copper sulfate in pre- and post-mordanting scenarios retained the highest antimicrobial property with good washing fastness. It was also shown that using higher temperature in the mordanting stage could lead to a higher antimicrobial functionality on mordanted dyed fabrics. Furthermore, K/S value, ...
Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of p... more Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO 2 nanoparticles and carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO 2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO 2 nanoparticles, even at low concentration.
To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the ... more To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO 2 microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior of each color was successfully managed using specific pigments along with TiO 2 particles. NIR reflectance of brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was enhanced by presence of TiO 2 in printing formulations, which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka-Munk theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO 2 particles was fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while it could significantly change the visible appearance of the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as 0.25 g/kg.
ABSTRACT In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at ... more ABSTRACT In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various times (30–60 s) and were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial fo... more Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial for making them undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability, perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric ...
Several colored pigments and inorganic pigment in the form of micro and nano including ZnO and AL... more Several colored pigments and inorganic pigment in the form of micro and nano including ZnO and AL2O3 particles were used to print Cotton/Polyester fabrics. Later changes in the reflective behavior of printed dark brown fabrics were analyzed in UVVisible-IR bands. Colorimetric values, washing, crocking and light fastness of printed fabrics were evaluated. Moreover, the effect of nano and micro particles on wettability and air
permeability of printed samples was studied. According to results, micro and nano particles in printing pasts change infrared (IR) reflectance significantly but it has a little effect on the visible reflectance of samples.
Acrylic fabric was treated with direct dyes in combination with copper and zinc sulfates as morda... more Acrylic fabric was treated with direct dyes in combination with copper and zinc sulfates as mordanting agents and then tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The metal salts used were also studied for their likely effects on the antimicrobial property of fabrics dyed with C.I. Direct Yellow 12, C.I. Direct Red 23, C.I. Direct Red 31, and C.I. Direct Black 38. Untreated (control) acrylic fabric exhibited no antibacterial behavior whilst dyed and mordanted fabrics revealed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the fabric treated with C.I. Direct Yellow 12 and copper sulfate as mordant achieved the highest antimicrobial activity with good washing fastness. Finally, FT-IR analysis, light, and washing fastnesses of the treated samples were evaluated.
In this research work, acrylic fabric
with an antimicrobial function was prepared by
dyeing with ... more In this research work, acrylic fabric with an antimicrobial function was prepared by dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric, such as copper sulfate concentration and temperature in pre- and postmordanting procedures, were studied. Antimicrobial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against common pathogenous bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Untreated acrylic fabric showed no antimicrobial behavior, whilst dyed and copper mordanted fabrics possessed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the treated fabric with 2 % copper sulfate in pre- and post-mordanting scenarios retained the highest antimicrobial property with good washing fastness. It was also shown that using higher temperature in the mordanting stage could lead to a higher antimicrobial functionality on mordanted dyed fabrics. Furthermore, K/S value, FTIR spectra, light and washing fastnesses of the treated fabrics were evaluated.
In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various t... more In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various times (30-60 s) and were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
To match the reflectance profile of desert colors
including brown, olive green, and khaki in the ... more To match the reflectance profile of desert colors including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/ nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO2 microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior of each color was successfully managed using specific pigments along with TiO2 particles. NIR reflectance of brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was enhanced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations, which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka–Munk theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO2 particles was fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while it could significantly change the visible appearance of the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as 0.25 g/kg.
Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior
of p... more Several pigments and vat dyes were used for investigating changes in the reflective behavior of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance, light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO2 nanoparticles and carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO2 nanoparticles, even at low concentration
Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial fo... more Tuning the level of visible and near infrared (NIR) reflectance of textile surfaces is crucial for making them undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability, perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each printed sample were evaluated. The presence of CB nanoparticles in printing formulations was found to cause significant decline in Near Infrared (NIR) reflectance of samples. The results showed that air permeability of samples printed containing CB nanoparticles are higher than samples printed with no CB particles. Absorbing phenomenon imposed by CB nanoparticles was fast against washing and perspiration, although printed samples indicated high to moderate light fastness. Furthermore, detectable change in visible appearance of the printed patterns was the main point of concern even at concentrations as low as 0.05 g/kg CB in printing formulation.
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Papers by mohamad khajeh
and light fastness of printed fabrics were evaluated. Moreover, the effect of nano and micro particles on wettability and air
permeability of printed samples was studied. According
to results, micro and nano particles in printing pasts change infrared (IR) reflectance significantly but it has a little effect on the visible reflectance of samples.
then tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The metal salts used were also
studied for their likely effects on the antimicrobial property of fabrics dyed with C.I. Direct Yellow 12, C.I. Direct Red 23,
C.I. Direct Red 31, and C.I. Direct Black 38. Untreated (control) acrylic fabric exhibited no antibacterial behavior whilst dyed
and mordanted fabrics revealed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the fabric treated with C.I. Direct Yellow
12 and copper sulfate as mordant achieved the highest antimicrobial activity with good washing fastness. Finally, FT-IR
analysis, light, and washing fastnesses of the treated samples were evaluated.
with an antimicrobial function was prepared by
dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate
as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which
may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric,
such as copper sulfate
concentration
and
temperature
in
pre-
and
postmordanting
procedures,
were
studied.
Antimicrobial
properties
of
treated
fabrics
were
evaluated
against
common pathogenous
bacteria,
Staphylococcus
aureus
and
Escherichia
coli.
Untreated
acrylic
fabric
showed
no
antimicrobial
behavior,
whilst
dyed
and
copper
mordanted
fabrics
possessed
considerable
antimicrobial
properties.
It
was
found
that
the
treated
fabric with
2
%
copper
sulfate
in
pre- and
post-mordanting
scenarios
retained
the
highest
antimicrobial
property
with
good
washing
fastness.
It
was
also
shown
that
using
higher
temperature
in
the mordanting
stage
could
lead
to
a higher
antimicrobial
functionality
on
mordanted
dyed
fabrics.
Furthermore,
K/S
value,
FTIR
spectra,
light
and
washing
fastnesses
of
the
treated
fabrics
were
evaluated.
were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as
visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was
shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment
also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated
samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed
acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near
IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/
nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were
measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO2
microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added
to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance,
light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric
values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior
of each color was successfully managed using specific
pigments along with TiO2 particles. NIR reflectance of
brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was
enhanced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations,
which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka–Munk
theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO2 particles was
fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while
it could significantly change the visible appearance of
the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as
0.25 g/kg.
of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance,
light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO2 nanoparticles and
carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed
fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly
change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO2 nanoparticles, even at low
concentration
undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special
pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in
concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability,
perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each printed sample were evaluated. The presence of CB
nanoparticles in printing formulations was found to cause significant decline in Near Infrared (NIR) reflectance of samples.
The results showed that air permeability of samples printed containing CB nanoparticles are higher than samples printed with
no CB particles. Absorbing phenomenon imposed by CB nanoparticles was fast against washing and perspiration, although
printed samples indicated high to moderate light fastness. Furthermore, detectable change in visible appearance of the printed
patterns was the main point of concern even at concentrations as low as 0.05 g/kg CB in printing formulation.
and light fastness of printed fabrics were evaluated. Moreover, the effect of nano and micro particles on wettability and air
permeability of printed samples was studied. According
to results, micro and nano particles in printing pasts change infrared (IR) reflectance significantly but it has a little effect on the visible reflectance of samples.
then tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The metal salts used were also
studied for their likely effects on the antimicrobial property of fabrics dyed with C.I. Direct Yellow 12, C.I. Direct Red 23,
C.I. Direct Red 31, and C.I. Direct Black 38. Untreated (control) acrylic fabric exhibited no antibacterial behavior whilst dyed
and mordanted fabrics revealed considerable antimicrobial properties. It was found that the fabric treated with C.I. Direct Yellow
12 and copper sulfate as mordant achieved the highest antimicrobial activity with good washing fastness. Finally, FT-IR
analysis, light, and washing fastnesses of the treated samples were evaluated.
with an antimicrobial function was prepared by
dyeing with C.I. Direct Blue 168 and copper sulfate
as mordanting agent. The effects of various factors which
may affect the antimicrobial property of the treated fabric,
such as copper sulfate
concentration
and
temperature
in
pre-
and
postmordanting
procedures,
were
studied.
Antimicrobial
properties
of
treated
fabrics
were
evaluated
against
common pathogenous
bacteria,
Staphylococcus
aureus
and
Escherichia
coli.
Untreated
acrylic
fabric
showed
no
antimicrobial
behavior,
whilst
dyed
and
copper
mordanted
fabrics
possessed
considerable
antimicrobial
properties.
It
was
found
that
the
treated
fabric with
2
%
copper
sulfate
in
pre- and
post-mordanting
scenarios
retained
the
highest
antimicrobial
property
with
good
washing
fastness.
It
was
also
shown
that
using
higher
temperature
in
the mordanting
stage
could
lead
to
a higher
antimicrobial
functionality
on
mordanted
dyed
fabrics.
Furthermore,
K/S
value,
FTIR
spectra,
light
and
washing
fastnesses
of
the
treated
fabrics
were
evaluated.
were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as
visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was
shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment
also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated
samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed
acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.
including brown, olive green, and khaki in the Vis/near
IR (NIR) bands, several pigments were used to print cotton/
nylon fabrics. The reflectances of printed fabrics were
measured by using spectrophotometric technique. TiO2
microparticle and nanoparticle powders were also added
to the printing pastes to evaluate their effect of reflectance,
light, rubbing, washing fastnesses, and colorimetric
values of each sample. Tuning the reflectance behavior
of each color was successfully managed using specific
pigments along with TiO2 particles. NIR reflectance of
brown, khaki, and olive green printed fabrics was
enhanced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations,
which is in complete agreement with the Kubelka–Munk
theory. NIR enhancing effect of TiO2 particles was
fast against rubbing, washing, and light exposures while
it could significantly change the visible appearance of
the printed patterns even at concentrations as low as
0.25 g/kg.
of printed brown and khaki cotton/polyester (65/35) fabrics in Vis/near IR (NIR) bands. Reflectance,
light, rubbing, washing fastness, and colorimetric values of treated samples with TiO2 nanoparticles and
carbon black powder were evaluated. The results show that NIR reflectance of brown and khaki printed
fabrics was reduced by presence of TiO2 in printing formulations. Carbon black particles significantly
change the visible appearance of the printed samples, rather than TiO2 nanoparticles, even at low
concentration
undetected in each environment. In this regard, samples of cotton/nylon fabrics were printed using a mixture of some special
pigments and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles to produce brown, olive green and khaki shades which are present in
concealment patterns of textiles employed in deserts. The effect of CB nanoparticles on Vis/NIR reflectance, air permeability,
perspiration, light, wash fastnesses, and colorimetric values of each printed sample were evaluated. The presence of CB
nanoparticles in printing formulations was found to cause significant decline in Near Infrared (NIR) reflectance of samples.
The results showed that air permeability of samples printed containing CB nanoparticles are higher than samples printed with
no CB particles. Absorbing phenomenon imposed by CB nanoparticles was fast against washing and perspiration, although
printed samples indicated high to moderate light fastness. Furthermore, detectable change in visible appearance of the printed
patterns was the main point of concern even at concentrations as low as 0.05 g/kg CB in printing formulation.