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    Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry

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    AndreaMarkham
    Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. It is affected by the quantity of substance, temperature change, and identity of the substance. Specific heat capacity (C) is a more precise term, defined as the heat required to raise 1 gram by 1 Kelvin. The quantity of heat transferred during a temperature change can be calculated using the equation q = mCΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, C is specific heat, and ΔT is temperature change. Calorimetry experimentally measures heat transfer during chemical or physical processes using either constant pressure or constant volume methods.

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    Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry

    Uploaded by

    AndreaMarkham
    193 views12 pages
    Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. It is affected by the quantity of substance, temperature change, and identity of the substance. Specific heat capacity (C) is a more precise term, defined as the heat required to raise 1 gram by 1 Kelvin. The quantity of heat transferred during a temperature change can be calculated using the equation q = mCΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, C is specific heat, and ΔT is temperature change. Calorimetry experimentally measures heat transfer during chemical or physical processes using either constant pressure or constant volume methods.

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    Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. It is affected by the quantity of substance, temperature change, and identity of the substance. Specific heat capacity (C) is a more precise term, defined as the heat required to raise 1 gram by 1 Kelvin. The quantity of heat transferred during a temperature change can be calculated using the equation q = mCΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, C is specific heat, and ΔT is temperature change. Calorimetry experimentally measures heat transfer during chemical or physical processes using either constant pressure or constant volume methods.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    193 views12 pages

    Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry

    Uploaded by

    AndreaMarkham
    Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. It is affected by the quantity of substance, temperature change, and identity of the substance. Specific heat capacity (C) is a more precise term, defined as the heat required to raise 1 gram by 1 Kelvin. The quantity of heat transferred during a temperature change can be calculated using the equation q = mCΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, C is specific heat, and ΔT is temperature change. Calorimetry experimentally measures heat transfer during chemical or physical processes using either constant pressure or constant volume methods.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry

    Heat Capacity
    Is the energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius Think about a coffee cup and a bathtub of water at the same temperature. Which would require more energy to raise the temperature by 1 degree Celsius? Hopefully, you said the bathtub.

    Heat Capacity
    Is affected by 3 things:
    How much of the substance you have (quantity) How large of a temperature change youre making The identify of the substance

    Specific Heat Capacity (C)


    Because of this, we tend to use a more specific term known as specific heat capacity. This is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by one Kelvin. Units are J/gK or joules per gram per Kelvin.

    A Useful Equation
    To calculate how much heat energy is lost or gained when a given mass of a substance is warmed or cooled, we can use the following equation (q equals mcat): q = mCT Where q is the amount of heat transferred in joules m is the mass of the substance in grams C is the specific heat capacity in J/gK (see page 243 in your book for a table of values) T is the change in Kelvin temperature (final initial)

    Example
    Determine the quantity of heat that must be added to raise the temperature of Mrs. Markhams coffee (250 mL) from 20.5 C to 95.6 C. Assume that water and coffee have the same density and specific heat capacity.

    Calorimetry
    Experimental technique that measures the heat transferred in a chemical or physical process 2 types:
    Constant pressure Constant volume

    Constant Pressure Calorimetry


    Used to measure H (remember our definition of enthalpy?) Utilizes nested Styrofoam cups, a lid, and a thermometer The mass, specific heat capacity of the solution, and the amount of reactants must be known. Temperature change is measured, resulting in the calculation of heat change (use q equals mcat). This heat change is the H.

    Constant Pressure Calorimetry


    System = coffee cup contents Surroundings = cup and environment Heat is put out as the chemical energy stored within the bonds of the reactants is released. This is known as qrxn. This heat is either gained or lost by the solution. This is known as qsolution. qrxn + qsolution = 0

    Advantages vs. Disadvantages


    Advantages include:
    Cheap Easy

    Disadvantages include:
    Lack of accuracy

    Constant Volume Calorimetry


    Used to measure E, specifically to measure heats of combustion and the caloric value of foods Utilizes a bomb which is nothing more than a cylinder with steel walls and ends. The bomb is set into a water-filled container. The contents of the bomb are combusted with an electric spark. The heat generated warms the water, which we can then measure.

    Constant Volume Calorimetry


    System = bomb, its contents, and water Surroundings = environment Heat transfer within the system is described by: qrxn + qbomb + qwater = 0 The heat measured is the change in internal energy, E. No work can be done because the volume does not change.

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