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    FSM Case Studies

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    paldarji
    The document discusses state machines and state encoding. It provides examples of different types of state encoding including binary, gray, and one-hot encoding. It also provides examples of finite state machines for a 3-floor lift controller and a stepper motor controller that uses gray encoding for its states.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    FSM Case Studies

    Uploaded by

    paldarji
    156 views49 pages
    The document discusses state machines and state encoding. It provides examples of different types of state encoding including binary, gray, and one-hot encoding. It also provides examples of finite state machines for a 3-floor lift controller and a stepper motor controller that uses gray encoding for its states.

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    Fsm Case Studies

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    The document discusses state machines and state encoding. It provides examples of different types of state encoding including binary, gray, and one-hot encoding. It also provides examples of finite state machines for a 3-floor lift controller and a stepper motor controller that uses gray encoding for its states.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    156 views49 pages

    FSM Case Studies

    Uploaded by

    paldarji
    The document discusses state machines and state encoding. It provides examples of different types of state encoding including binary, gray, and one-hot encoding. It also provides examples of finite state machines for a 3-floor lift controller and a stepper motor controller that uses gray encoding for its states.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Agenda

    State Machine Types of State Machine Rising Edge detector Sequence detector Vending machine BCD counter State Encoding Lift Controller FSM Stepper Motor Controller FSM

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    State Encoding
    State assignment is process of assigning binary values to states in such a way, so as to reduce the cost of combinational circuit that drives the flip-flops It does not affect the function of state machine, hence can be selected by synthesis tool. But the way you encode the states can have a major effect on the amount of hardware you need to implement the machine.

    A poor choice of codes results in a state machine that uses too much logic, or is too slow, or both.
    Some of the encoding strategies are : Binary Gray One hot

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    State Encoding
    If state is defined as type state_type is ( s0,s1,s2,s3);

    Following state coding is obtained for different variants

    STATE VECTORS STATE S0 S1 S2 S3 Binary 00 01 10 11 Gray 00 01 11 10 One-hot 0001 0010 0100 1000 Almost one-hot 0000 0001 0010 0100

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    3-floor lift Lift can be in any floor Si - in floor I Request can come from any floor ri - request from floor I Lift can be asked to move up or down uj,dj - up/down to jth floor

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    Stepper Motor Controller FSM


    Ang 0 Ang 45 MoveCW Ang 335

    MoveCCW

    Ang 270

    Ang 90

    Ang 225

    Ang 135

    Ang 180
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    Library IEEE; use IEEE.STD_Logic_1164.all; use IEEE.Numeric_STD.all; package CONST_GRAY_STATE_ENCODE_TYPES is constant Ang_0 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 0010; constant Ang_45 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 0110; constant Ang_90 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 0111; constant Ang_135 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 0101; constant Ang_180 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 0100; constant Ang_225 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 1100; constant Ang_270 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 1101; constant Ang_315 : unsigned(3 downto 0) := 1111; End package CONST_GRAY_STATE_ENCODE_TYPES;

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    Library IEEE; use IEEE.STD_Logic_1164.all; use IEEE.Numeric_STD.all; use work. CONST_GRAY_STATE_ENCODE_TYPES.all;

    entity step_motor is port ( clock, reset : in std_logic; PhysicalPosition : in unsigned( 3 downto 0); MoveCW, MoveCCW : in std_logic; NewPosition : out unsigned( 3 downto 0) ); end entity step_motor;

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    architecture rtl of step_motor is signal CurrentState, NextState : unsigned(3 downto 0); begin Comb: process (PhysicalPosition , MoveCW, MoveCCW , CurrentState) begin case CurrentState is when Ang_0 => if ( MoveCW = 1 ) then NextState <= Ang_45; elsif (MoveCCW = 1 ) then NextState <= Ang_315; else NextState <= Ang_0; end if; when Ang_45 => -- complete the code as per FSM when Ang_ 90=> when Ang_135 => when Ang_180 => when Ang_225 => when Ang_270 => when Ang_315 => when others => NextState <= PhysicalPosition ; end case; end process Comb;
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    sequential : process ( clock, reset, PhysicalPosition) begin if ( reset = 0) then CurrentState <= PhysicalPosition; elsif rising_edge(Clock) then CurrentState <= NextState; end if; end process; NewPosition <= CurrentState; End architecture RTL;

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