2 Basic I_O, Operators 16-07-2024

PRINTING
• There are three standard streams, all are managed by the

java.lang.System class
• Standard input--referenced by System.in
– Used for program input, typically reads input entered by the user.
• Standard output--referenced by System.out
– Used for program output, typically displays information to the user.
• Standard error--referenced by System.err
– Used to display error messages to the user.
PRINTING
The basic output statement is :
System.out.println( );
Others methods:
1. System.out.println()
2. System.out.print()
3. System.out.printf()
Let us see an example
class AssignmentOperator
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println("Java programming.");
}
}
Difference between print(), println() and printf()
•print() - prints string inside the quotes.
•println() - prints string inside the quotes similar like print() method. Then
the cursor moves to the beginning of the next line.
•printf() - it provides string formatting.

Guess the output
class Output
{
{
System.out.println("1. println ");
System.out.println("2. println ");
System.out.print("1. print ");
System.out.print("2. print");
}
}
PRINTING VARIABLES AND LITERALS
To display integers, variables and so on, do not use quotation marks.
class Variables
{
{
Double number = -10.6;
System.out.println(5);
System.out.println(number);
}
}
Print concatenated strings
You can use + operator to concatenate strings and print it.
class PrintVariables
{
{
Double number = -10.6;
System.out.println("I am " + "awesome.");
System.out.println("Number = " + number);
}
}
Consider this code snippet
int a = 3;
int b = 4;
System.out.println( a + b );
System.out.println( "3" + "4" );
System.out.println( "" + a + b );
System.out.println( 3 + 4 + a + " " + b + a );
System.out.println( "Result: " + a + b );
System.out.println( "Result: " + ( a + b ) );
Printing characters
You can use + operator to concatenate strings and print it.
char a=65;
char b='A';
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
READING INPUT
READING INPUT FROM CONSOLE
In Java, there are three different ways for reading input from
the user in the command line environment(console).
1. Using Buffered Reader Class

2. Using Scanner Class
3. Using Console Class
BUFFERED READER CLASS
This method is used by wrapping the System.in (standard input
stream) in an InputStreamReader which is wrapped in a
BufferedReader, we can read input from the user in the
command line.
BUFFERED READER CLASS
import java.io.BufferedReader; // Reading data using readLine
import java.io.IOException; String name = reader.readLine();
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class Test // Printing the read line
{ System.out.println(name);
public static void main(String[] args) }
throws IOException }
{
//Enter data using BufferReader
BufferedReader reader =
new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
SCANNER CLASS
•This is probably the most preferred method to take input.
• The main purpose of the Scanner class is to parse primitive types and strings
using regular expressions, however it is also can be used to read input from
the user in the command line.
SCANNER CLASS
import java.util.Scanner; int a = in.nextInt();
System.out.println("You entered
class GetInputFromUser integer "+a);
{
public static void main(String args[]) float b = in.nextFloat();
{ System.out.println("You entered
// Using Scanner for Getting Input float "+b);
from User }
Scanner in = new }
Scanner(System.in);
String s = in.nextLine();
System.out.println("You entered
string "+s);
CONSOLE CLASS
• It has been becoming a preferred way for reading user’s input from the
command line.
• In addition, it can be used for reading password-like input without echoing

the characters entered by the user; the format string syntax can also be used
(like System.out.printf()).
CONSOLE CLASS
public class Sample
{
{
// Using Console to input data from user
String name = System.console().readLine();
System.out.println(name);
}
}
COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
The java command-line argument is an argument i.e. passed at
run time.
The arguments passed from the console can be received in the

java program and it can be used as an input.
Let us see an example
class CommandLineExample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("Your first argument is: "+args[0]);
}
}
Program 1 : Adding two integers using command line arguments
class A
Predict the output .
{
public static void main(String args[]) 9
{
System.out.println(args[0]+args[1]);
} 18
}
Program 1 : Adding two integers using command line arguments
class A{
public static void main(String args[]) Predict the output .
{
9
System.out.println(Integer.parseInt(args[0])
+Integer.parseInt(args[1]));
}
}
Program 2 : Concatenating two strings
class A
{ Predict the output .
public static void main(String args[])
Hai Hello
{
System.out.println(args[0]+args[1]);
}
}
Program 3 : Find average of your marks (5 subjects)
class A
{
{ Input : java A 67 98 91 78 98
float avg;
avg = (args[0]+args[1]+args[2]+args[3]+args[4])/5; 86.4
System.out.println(avg);
}
}
Program 3 : Find average of your marks (5 subjects)
class A
{
{ Input : java A 67 98 91 78 98
float avg;
avg= 86.4
(Float.valueOf(args[0])+Float.valueOf(args[1])
+Float.valueOf(args[2])+Float.valueOf(args[3])
+Float.valueOf(args[4]))/5;
System.out.println(avg);
}
}
THANK YOU

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PRINTING

• There are three standard streams, all are managed by the

•print() - prints string inside the quotes.

•printf() - it provides string formatting.

1. Using Buffered Reader Class

•This is probably the most preferred method to take input.

• In addition, it can be used for reading password-like input without echoing

The arguments passed from the console can be received in the

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