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    Aasiya Bagwan class 10 maths triangles

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    Aasiya Bagwan class 10 maths triangles

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    Go cm GM gk

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    Go cm GM gk

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    0 views13 pages

    Aasiya Bagwan class 10 maths triangles

    Uploaded by

    aasiyabagwan712
    Go cm GM gk

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    TRIANGLES

    MADE BY: AASIYA


    BAGWAN
    CRITERIA FOR SIMILARITY OF TRIANGLES
    • Theorem 6.3 : If in two triangles, corresponding angles are
    equal, then their corresponding sides are in the same ratio (or
    proportion) and hence the two triangles are similar.
    This criterion is referred to as
    the AAA (Angle–Angle–Angle) criterion of similarity of two
    triangles. This theorem can be proved by taking two triangles
    ABC and DEF such that ∠ A = ∠ D, ∠ B = ∠ E and ∠ C = ∠ F.

    Cut DP = AB and DQ = AC and join PQ.


    So, Δ ABC ≅ Δ DPQ
    This gives ∠ B = ∠ P = ∠ E and PQ || EF
    Therefore, DP/ PE = DQ/QF
    i.e., AB/DE = AC/DF
    Similarly, AB/DE =BC/EF and so AB/DE=BC/EF=AC/DF
    • REMARK: If two angles of a triangle are
    respectively equal to two angles of another
    triangle, then by the angle sum property of a
    triangle their third angles will also be equal.

    Therefore, AAA similarity criterion can also be


    stated as follows:

    If two angles of one triangle are respectively


    equal to two angles of another triangle, then
    the two triangles are similar.
    This may be referred to as the AA similarity
    criterion for two triangles.
    THEOREM: If in two triangles, sides of one
    triangle are proportional to (i.e., in the same
    ratio of ) the sides of the other triangle, then
    their corresponding angles are equal and
    hence the two triangles are similiar. This
    criterion is referred to as the SSS (Side–Side–
    Side) similarity criterion for two triangles. This
    theorem can be proved by taking two triangles
    ABC and DEF such that AB BC CA DE EF FD  
    (< 1) (see Fig. 6.26):
    • Cut DP = AB and DQ = AC and join PQ.
    • It can be seen that DP/PE = DQ/QF and PQ || EF.
    • So, ∠ P = ∠ E and ∠ Q = ∠ F.
    • Therefore, DP DE = DQ DF = PQ EF.
    • So, DP DE = DQ DF = BC EF So, BC = PQ.
    • Thus,
    Δ ABC ≅ Δ DPQ
    So,
    ∠ A = ∠ D, ∠ B = ∠ E and ∠ C = ∠ F
    Remark : You may recall that either of the two conditions
    namely,
    (i) corresponding angles are equal and
    (ii) corresponding sides are in the same ratio is not sufficient
    for two polygons to be similar.
    • Theorem 6.5 : If one angle of a triangle is equal
    to one angle of the other triangle and the sides
    including these angles are proportional, then
    the two triangles are similar.
    • This criterion is referred to as the SAS (Side–
    Angle–Side) similarity criterion for two
    triangles.
    • As before, this theorem can be proved by
    taking two triangles ABC and DEF such that AB
    AC DE DF (< 1) and ∠ A = ∠ D.
    • Cut DP = AB, DQ = AC and join PQ.
    • Now, PQ || EF and Δ ABC ≅ Δ DPQ
    • So, ∠ A = ∠ D, ∠ B = ∠ P and ∠ C = ∠ Q.
    • Therefore, Δ ABC ~ Δ DEF
    • We now take some examples to illustrate the use of these criteria.
    • EXAMPLE 1: In figure, ΔODC ~ ΔOBA, ∠ BOC = 125° and ∠ CDO = 70°. Find ∠ DOC, ∠
    DCO and ∠ OAB.
    • Solution:
    • As we can see from the figure, DOB is a straight line.
    • Therefore, ∠DOC + ∠ COB = 180°
    • ⇒ ∠DOC = 180° – 125° (Given, ∠ BOC = 125°)
    • = 55°
    • In ΔDOC, sum of the measures of the angles of a triangle is 180º
    • Therefore, ∠DCO + ∠ CDO + ∠ DOC = 180°
    • ⇒ ∠DCO + 70º + 55º = 180°(Given, ∠ CDO = 70°)
    • ⇒ ∠DCO = 55°
    • It is given that, ΔODC ~ ΔOBA,
    • Therefore, ΔODC ~ ΔOBA.
    • Hence, Corresponding angles are equal in similar triangles
    • ∠OAB = ∠OCD
    • ⇒ ∠ OAB = 55°
    • ∠OAB = ∠OCD
    • ⇒ ∠OAB = 55°
    • 10. CD and GH are respectively the bisectors of ∠ACB and ∠EGF such that
    D and H lie on sides AB and FE of ΔABC and ΔEFG respectively. If ΔABC ~
    ΔFEG, Show that:
    • (i) CD/GH = AC/FG
    (ii) ΔDCB ~ ΔHGE
    (iii) ΔDCA ~ ΔHGF

    Solution :
    • 15. A vertical pole of a length 6 m casts a shadow 4m long on the
    ground and at the same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long.
    Find the height of the tower.
    Solution:

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