WHAT IS FLOORING ?

• FLOORING IS THE GENERAL TERM FOR A PERMANENT COVERING OF A

FLOOR.
• IT IS A HORIZONTAL FINISHED SURFACE PROVIDED ON TOP OF A FLOOR
PROVIDING EASE OF MOVEMENT.

CRITERIAS TO BE SATISFIED BY
FLOORING.
• AESTHETICALLY IT SHOULD GO WITH THE BUILDING.
• IT CAN BE EASILY AND EFFECTIVELY CLEANED.
• THE ECONOMICS OF USING THE MATERIAL SHOULD BE CONSIDERED.
• IT SHOULD BE DURABLE AND RESISTANT TO THE WEAR AND TEAR.
• THE FLOORING SHOULD BE FIRE RESISTANT, DAMP PROOF AND HARD.
• IT SHOULD NOT BE TOO SLIPPERY.
• IT SHOULD BE SUCH THAT MINIMUM MAINTANACE IS REQUIRED.
 DIFFERENT Materials used for
flooring
 Asphalt -It is not favored
because of bad smell and ugly
color. These tiles are
produced from natural
asphalt, bitumen, asbestos
fibers and mineral pigments
available in different sizes.
The asphalt terrazzo is a
combination of black asphalt
with marble chips. It is laid
hot and surface made
smooth by trowel. it is water
proof ,vermin proof, dust less
and joint less.
Glass – it is used when it is desired to transmit the light to the floor
below. structural glass is available in form of tiles , slabs or bricks. it can
be placed in a suitable framework so that the frame and glass can
sustain the anticipated load. This is not a common flooring type as it is
costly.
 Cork – The flooring is available in 2 forms tiles and carpet. The cork
tiles are manufactured from high grade cork bark available in standard
sizes and various shades and different thickness. Cork carpets are
available in rolls of suitable width, but it is difficult to maintain and clean
it. The floor made up of cork are warm , non – sleeper ,and attractive
and appearance. Flooring material is used to obtain noise less floors in
hospitals ,art galleries ,schools, etc…
 Mud - It is similar to moored flooring accept mud is used in place of
moorum. This flooring is popular in villages.
Plastic - It is fabricated in form of tiles in different sizes and various
color shades. The PVC tiles are smooth ,resilient and good looking. But
it is costly and easily damaged, but these tiles can be easily laid on
concrete floors.
 Moorum -It is the cheapest type of flooring material and it
can be used on ground floor. it is made of disintegrated rock
and binding material. it is laid in layers of 80 mm to 150 mm
in thickness. a layer of 25mm thickness of moorum powder is
laid and water is sprinkled over it. Surface is well rammed
and saturated with a 6mm thin layer of water and kept for a
day. then rammed again to form a hard surface. the surface
is then rubbed with thin paste of cow dung. this type of
flooring is hard, smooth, cheap and easy to construct.

 Brick - Bricks are laid on floor on edge and cement or lime

mortar is used. To get the better finish joints are pointed only
drawback of these flooring is that it absorbs water otherwise
it is non sleeper, durable, hard , and easily repairable.
 Concrete - it’s thickness is about 40 mm and it’s proportion
is 1:2:4.square or diagonal lines are made when it is wet.
 TYPES OF FLOORINGS as per the
spaces
For flooring various types of material are available.
Considering the need one may the select any of the options
available.

INTERNAL FLOORING EXTERNAL FLOORING

 Wooden flooring Paving
 Stone flooring
 Glass flooring FALSE FLOORING
 P.V.C. Flooring Wooden false flooring
 Cement flooring glass flooring
Metal flooring
• MARBLE STONE FLOORING
• GRANITE
• KOTA
• JAISALMER
• DHOLPUR
• KASHMIRI STONE
• TEAKWOOD STONE
• MANDANA
• SLATE
• KATNI
• KADAPPA
• COASTAL LIMESTONE
 MOST OF THE STONES ARE KNOWN FROM THE PLACE WHERE
THEY ARE AVAILABLE.
 KOTA STONE IS AVAILABLE FROM KOTA IN RAJASTHAN
 DHOLPUR STONE FROM DHOLPUR
 JESALMER STONE FROM JESALMER ETC.
Why choose stone for your floor:
 Completely natural patterns and colours, & regardless of
their variety.

 The cool feel. Stone loses heat faster than other flooring
materials.

 The exquisite finish of stone is virtually unmatched by any

other

flooring types. Larger stone slabs, when used, provide the

look of a seamless floor. Stone flooring has a rich and
expansive look.
 Stone is very hygienic because it is smooth and non-porous.
Stone is moisture and bacteria-resistant.

 Stone is very easy to clean – simply wipe with a damp cloth

or mop.

Most stone is scratch-proof

 MARBLE
MARBLE IS CATAGORIZED WITH METAMORPHIC STONE.
• Metamorphic stones are formed in some fashion from a pre-existing rock,
through heat, pressure, the effect of superheated fluids, or any combination of
these forces.
•The change can be a development of crystalline formation, a texture change or
even a color change.
•Marble is regarded as a royal stone by nearly everyone.Marble is chiefly made in
India, Italy, and Egypt. Marble is composed of calcium carbonate and its colours
and patterns are due to “impurities”. Marble is among the softer stones. They are
either polished , flamed or bush hammered.

WHERE IS IT USED?
Marble Flooring in India is popular for both interior and exterior flooring
applications. The ideal places for using marble flooring and marble floors
materials are the bathrooms, entrance pathways, fireplaces, living and dining
areas etc
 ITALIAN MARBLE
• 3 TYPES ARE AVAILABLE IN THE MARKET.
1.ITALIAN NATURAL MARBLE
(MORE THAN 20 SHADES ARE AVBL)
2.ITALIAN ARTIFICIAL MARBLE
3.ITALIAN SPARKLE MARBLE
• PRICE RANGES FROM RS175 AND ABOVE

KOTA STONE
• KOTA STONES ARE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
• SEDIMENTARY STONES ARE LAYERED ROCKS, FORMED THROUGH THE
ACCUMULATION AND SOLIDIFICATION OF SEDIMENTS, WHICH MAY
ORIGINALLY BE MADE UP OF MINERALS, ROCK DEBRIS, OR ANIMAL OR
VEGETABLE MATTER. THESE STONES COME FROM SUCH ORGANIC
ELEMENTS AS GLACIERS, RIVERS, WIND, OCEANS AND PLANTS
 KOTA STONES
WHERE IS IT USED?
• GENERALLY IT IS PREFERRED AS A FLOORING MATERIAL.
• ITS ECONOMICAL HENCE IT IS PREFERRED IN LARGE BUILDING
CAMPUSES.
• 2 COLOURS ARE AVAILABLE
YELLOW AND GREEN KOTA .
• PRICE RANGES FROM RS 18-55 PER SQFT
 GRANITE
IGNEOUS STONE
• IGNEOUS STONES ARE FORMED FROM MOLTEN OR PARTLY MOLTEN
MATERIAL I.E. MAGMA, THROUGH SOLIDIFICATION OF MAGNA.
• GRANITE IS THE MOST COMMON CHOICE.
• SINCE GRANITE IS HIGHLY SPECKLED, IT VARIES GREATLY IN COLOR
DEPENDING ON THE RANGE OF THE MINERALS PRESENT AND THE
LOCATION OF THE QUARRY.
• DUE TO ITS CHEMISTRY, GRANITE IS A MUCH HARDER STONE. IT
DOESN'T SCRATCH AS EASILY
WHERE IS IT USED?
• IT IS USED AS FLOORING MATERIAL, TO CREATE FLOORING
PATTERNS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER.
• IT IS USED AS A MATERIAL FOR KITCHEN COUNTERS.
• ITS PRICE RANGES FROM RS 65-800PER SQFT
 SLATE

• SLATE IS A NATURAL STONE THAT IS VERY DURABLE AND MAKES FOR A LOW
MAINTENANCE FLOOR.
• ITS RICH TEXTURE AND HUES (WHICH RANGE FROM BROWNS, GRAYS, AND
BLACKS TO MULTICOLORED EARTH/RUST COLORS) GIVE IT A DRAMATIC LOOK.

• WHERE IT IS USED?

• SLATE IS OFTEN USED IN HIGH-END BATHROOM REMODELS, BUT IT IS

APPROPRIATE IN OTHER ROOMS AS WELL: KITCHENS, HALLWAYS, AND SEMI-
OUTDOOR LIVING AREAS (SLATE IS NATURALLY WATER RESISTANT).

• SLATE IS EXPENSIVE, AS IS TYPICAL OF NATURAL STONE, BUT THE PRICE ISN'T

AS HIGH AS MARBLE OR GRANITE.

• SLATE CAN BE INSTALLED BY A DO-IT-YOURSELF HOMEOWNER (UNLIKE

MARBLE AND GRANITE), WHICH ELIMINATES LABOR COSTS AND OBVIOUSLY
CUTS DOWN ON THE OVERALL PRICE.
 SLATE FLOORING COMES IN TILES (COMMON) OR "RIVEN," WHICH
IS SPLIT SLATE (LESS COMMON).

RIVEN SLATE HAS A SOMEWHAT ROUGH SURFACE THAT PROVIDES A

BIT OF SLIP RESISTANCE.

ITS THICKNESS TENDS TO BE UNEVEN, WHICH CAN MAKE IT

TRICKIER TO INSTALL THAN TILES.

CUT SLATE TILES HAVE SMOOTH SURFACES AND EVEN EDGES. THEY
CAN BE SLIPPERY.

CHOOSING A TEXTURED VARIETY CAN ALSO HELP KEEP DOWN

SLIPPERINESS IN AREAS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO GET WET.
 FLOORING TEXTURES AVAILABLE
ABOUT SURFACE TEXTURE
 STONES HAVE DIFFERENT SURFACE TEXTURES, ACCORDING TO THEIR FORMATION BUT THESE
DAYS, STONES ARE FABRICATED TO GIVE DESIRED SURFACE TEXTURES. THERE ARE SIX MAIN
TYPES OF SURFACES THAT ARE IN USE.
 NATURAL
THE NATURAL SURFACE TEXTURE IS ACHIEVED BY RIPPING ALONG ITS LINE OF CLEAVAGE TO
REVEAL THE NATURAL GRAIN & TEXTURE, WHICH GIVES AN UNDULATING SURFACE WITH GREAT
CHARACTER. THE SURFACE COMES WITH NATURAL CLEFTS GIVING A VERY NATURAL LOOK.
 HONED
IT IS PRODUCED BY GRINDING A SURFACE WITH HIGH GRIT MATERIAL TO A UNIFORM
SPECIFICATION, WITHOUT PRODUCING A REFLECTIVE SURFACE. HONED STONE COLORS ARE NOT
AS VIBRANT AS POLISHED STONES. A SMOOTH FINISH WITH A SLIGHT SHEEN IS PRODUCED BY
USING A POLISHING HEAD. THIS SURFACE IS VERY SMOOTH, BUT OFTEN VERY POROUS.
 POLISHED
POLISHED SURFACE TEXTURE IS A REFLECTION OF POLISHED CRYSTALS THAT BRING OUT THE
BRILLIANT COLORS AND GRAINS OF NATURAL STONES. THE SHINE ON STONE SURFACE COMES
FROM POLISHING BRICKS AND POWDERS USED DURING FABRICATION AND NOT FROM ANY
COATING
 FLAMED
IT IS A ROUGH SURFACE THAT IS DEVELOPED DUE TO THE BURSTING OF
CRYSTALS WHEN THE STONE IS HEATED. THIS SURFACE GIVES AN
IRREGULAR TEXTURED FINISH.
 SAND BLASTED
PRODUCING A FINISH SIMILAR TO CLEFT, SAND BLASTING INVOLVES
PROJECTING A HIGH-PRESSURE AIRLINE COARSE-GRAINED GRIT, ONTO
THE TOP SURFACE OF THE STONE. IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY A TEXTURED
SURFACE WITH A MATTE GLOSS
 SAWN
SAWN SURFACE IS COARSELY POLISHED LEAVING A SEMI-SMOOTH,
REGULAR FINISH. IT IS DONE BY USING A GANG SAW.
 BUSH HAMMERED
A POUNDING ACTION THAT DEVELOPS A TEXTURED SURFACE. THE TOP
SURFACE IS PNEUMATICALLY TOOLED TO PRODUCE A PITTED OR
GROOVED SURFACE FINISH.
 LEATHER FINISH
IT IS A SURFACE DEVELOPED BY USING DIAMOND BRUSHES TO GIVE IT A
FEEL OF LEATHER.
 TYPES OF TILES
• CERAMIC TILES
• VITRIFIED TILES
• PORCELANO
• TERRAZO
• TERRACOTTA TILES
• PARKING TILES
• GLASS TILES
 CERAMIC FLOOR TILING
• IT IS AN ELEGANT AND STYLISH FLOORING SOLUTION.
• AVAILABLE IN AN ENTIRE SPECTRUM OF COLORS, CERAMIC FLOOR
TILES ARE TOUGH AND HIGHLY DURABLE.
• CERAMIC FLOORING INSTALLATION IS ADAPTABLE TO ANY ROOM
AND THE DESIGNS, COLORS, PATTERNS CAN BE CHOSEN
COMPLEMENTING THE ROOM DÉCOR FOR EACH ROOM.
• THE MOST PREFERRED CERAMIC FLOOR INSTALLATION ROOMS
WOULD BE THE KITCHEN AND BATHROOM.
CERAMIC FLOOR TILE IS THE OLDEST KNOWN FLOORING MATERIAL
TO MAN.
• THE CERAMIC FLOORING IS ACTUALLY A COMBINATION OF
DIFFERENT CLAYS MIXED WITH WATER AND MOULDED INTO
VARYING DESIGNS, SHAPES AND PATTERNS.
• THE VERSATILITY OF CERAMIC FLOOR TILING HAS PROVEN TO BE
EXTREMELY ADAPTABLE TO INDIAN HOME USAGE AS WELL AS
INDUSTRIAL USAGE.
• THE CERAMIC FLOOR INSTALLATION CAN BE DONE FOR BOTH INTERIOR
AND EXTERIOR SURFACES, FOR FLOORS AS WELL AS WALLS.
• ceramic tiles are fit for light and medium traffic areas with very high
abrasive resistance. Ceramic Tile can be a great replacement for more
expensive materials like marble and granite, at a fraction of the cost.
• for walls it is perfect for walls too and in a similar variety and range.
• THE EDGES ARE NOT RECTILINEAR.
• AVAILABLE SIZE
300*300
330*330
380*380
400*400
400*600
450*450
500*500
• Prices ranges from Rs 25 and above
 PORCELAIN TILES
• PORCELAIN TILES ARE ONE FORM OF CERAMIC TILES THAT ARE MANUFACTURED
UNDER HIGH PRESSURE CONDITIONS.
• DUE TO ITS ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, THESE SPORTS THE VIRTUES
OF BEING STURDY, NON POROUS, WATER RESISTANT AND HIGHLY DURABLE.
• AS THESE ARE WATER RESISTANT SO ARE MAINLY AVAILED FOR WALLS AND FLOORS
AND ARE A HOT FAVORITE IN HOUSING ARENA.
• PORCELAIN WALL TILES AND PORCELAIN FLOOR TILES COMPLETE THAT BEAUTIFUL
AMBIENCE OF THE HOUSE BY SPORTING GOOD LOOKING DESIGNS OF TILES IN
DIVERSE COLORS.
• AVAILABLE IN THREE BASIC SIZES, AND CATEGORIZED AS LARGE, MEDIUM AND SMALL
SIZED THE PORCELAIN TILES THAT OFFER WIDE RANGE TO CHOOSE FROM.
• THE SIZES VARY 300*300 ,600*600,1000*1000
• FROM 600 X 600 PORCELAIN TILES, PORCELAIN TILES 60 X 60 MM AND PORCELAIN
TILE 600 MM
• AVAILED FOR BOTH INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR PURPOSE, PORCELAIN TILES OFFER
VERSATILITY. OUTDOOR PORCELAIN TILES ARE OFTEN USED FOR GARDENS, PORCH
AND EXTERIOR REGION AND SPORTS AMAZING DURABILITY.
• AS FAR AS THE PRICING IS CONCERNED PORCELAIN TILES ARE AVAILABLE IN MANY
RANGES FROM EXPENSIVE TO AFFORDABLE ONES.
• AND THESE TILES ARE JOINT FREE.
• AND 2 FINISHES ARE AVAILABLE
1.POLISHED
2.UNPOLISHED
• VITRIFIED TILE ADHESIVE
• VITRIFIED TILE ADHESIVE IS A SPECIALLY FORMULATED, HIGH GRAB, NON-SLIP,
POLYMER IMPROVED, STANDARD SETTING CEMENT BASED ADHESIVE.
• IT IS SUITABLE FOR BOTH THIN AND THICK BED; INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR AND
FLOOR AND WALL APPLICATIONS. WHILE IT IS MAINLY USED UP TO 6 MM BED
DEPTH IT IS SUITABLE FOR USE UP TO 12MM IN ISOLATED AREAS. VITRIFIED TILE
ADHESIVE IS SUITABLE FOR FIXING CERAMIC AND QUARRY TILES, PORCELAIN,
MARBLE AND TERRAZZO.
• High Grab
• Non-Slip
• Up to 5 hours pot life
• BS EN 12004 type C2T
• Suitable for Porcelain and Fully Vitrified tiles
• Grey and White
IT HAS A THIN UPPER LAYER WHICH PROVIDES THE TEXTURAL SURFACE TO THE TILE.
THICKNESS SIZES AND THEIR EDGES ARE RECTILINEAR WHICH MAKES IT
MAJOR TILE COMPANIES AVAILABLE IN INDIA ARE
 VITRFIED TILES
• Vitrified tile is a tile which has been processed in such a way that it has very very low
porosity (and water absorption) which make it stain resistant and very strong.
• These tiles are made out of a single material so it can be polished.
• It has a thin upper layer which provides the textural surface to the tile.
• Vitrified tiles are resistant to chemicals, abrasion, fire and staining, easy to maintain
and ensures hygienic surroundings.
• And their edges are rectilinear which makes it joint free.
Major tile manufacturers in india are
• Asian, restile, marbonite, swastik, johnson, kohinoor, jet and comet.
• Thickness 25mm
• E.G. Schools, hospitals, residences, restaurants, airports, supermarkets, buildings and
many more.
•
AVAILABLE SIZES
• 300*300
• 600*600
• 800*800
• 1000*1000
 CERAMIC PORCELAIN VITRIFIED

*All ceramic tiles are made * the clay used in porcelain * vitrified are made up of clay
up of clay and quartz tile
is more reinforced & stone power & stone chips
ferrous sand materials, purified. & Denser then with chemical treatment
. along with water & ceramic.
It has screen
It has Glazed layer Print on it.
On it.
* It has fillet edge. * It has chamfered edge. *It has accurate edge.
*IT is not monolithic Its strength is more then Its strength is more compare

so its strength is less. Ceramic & less then vitrify.. to other

* It durability is of 25years. More then 25years. It is more durable then others.
 TILE AND STONE INSTALLATION

 PREPARATION OF THE SUBSTRATE IS VERY IMPORTANT AS IS THE UNDERSTANDING OF EACH

METHOD'S CHARACTERISTICS REGARDING THE APPLICATION AND LONGEVITY.
 THE THING TO REMEMBER IS THAT TILES AND STONES REQUIRES A SOLID FOUNDATION ON WHICH
TO BOND,.
 SETTING OF TILE OR STONE IS THE MOST TIME CONSUMING PART OF THE TASK.
 THE INSTALLER WILL NEED A WORK STATION OUTSIDE YOUR HOME FOR THE WATER-SAW (IF
REQUIRED) AND GRINDERS, A WATER SOURCE AND CLEAR PATH FROM THE ENTRANCE TO THE
WORK AREA.
 WHEN THE TILE OR STONE IS LAID, IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO STAY OFF THEM UNTIL THEY SET UP
(AT LEAST OVER NIGHT).
 ANY MOVEMENT ,WILL AFFECT THE PLASTIC BOND BETWEEN THE TILE/FLOOR AND MORTAR AND
CAUSE YOU TO HAVE LOOSE TILES AND CRACKED GROUT. 48 HOURS OR MORE IS IDEAL ... BUT NOT
ALWAYS REALISTIC.
 GROUTING IS THE LAST PHASE OF THE INSTALLATION.
 THE APPLICATION OF THE GROUT IS THE PROCESS WHICH BRINGS IT ALL TOGETHER BY BLENDING
THE LINES OF THE TILES, EDGES OF THE ROOM AND FIXTURES INTO WHAT YOU'VE WAITED SO LONG
FOR.
 AFTER THE SPONGE CLEANUP, THERE WILL BE A FINE DUST RESIDUE (HAZE) LEFT ON YOUR TILES OR
STONE. RINSE WITH CLEAN WATER..
 NORMALLY 10 TO 14 DAYS IS REQUIRED FOR THE GROUT TO CURE.FINALLY ... DO NOT REPLACE
YOUR APPLIANCES UPON YOUR CERAMIC TILE FLOOR UNTIL THE NEXT 24 HOURS OR
 TERRAZO TILES
• TERRAZZO CONSISTS OF MARBLE OR OTHER STONE AGGREGATE SET IN MORTAR AND
GROUND AND POLISHED TO A SMOOTH SURFACE.
• PRE-MANUFACTURED CONSISTING OF MARBLE OR GRANITE CHIPS IN A PORTLAND
CEMENT OR EPOXY MATRIX IN VARIOUS THICKNESS' AND SIZES IS USED.
• THESE ARE GENERALLY USED AS FLOORING PROVIDED OVER TERRACES.

• GLASS FLOORS
• GLASS FLOORS CAN ALSO TAKE THE FORM OF LAMINATE FLOORING.
• GLASS LAMINATE PANELS CAN BE ANY SIZE, AND ARE TYPICALLY MADE WITH
SANDWICHED LAYERS OF TEMPERED GLASS.
• THEY ARE VERSATILE, COMING IN CONFIGURABLE COLORS, AND ALSO CAN BE
COMPLETELY TRANSPARENT OR ILLUMINATED FROM BELOW.
• THEY CAN BE USED IN HIGH TRAFFIC AREAS, SUCH AS SHOP OR DISCOTHÈQUE FLOORS,
WHERE THEY ARE OFTEN TEXTURED TO REDUCE SLIPPAGE AND TO HIDE SCRATCHES.
• GLASS FLOOR TILES BRING SOME OF THE PROPERTIES OF LAMINATE
• GLASS FLOORING INTO A MORE MODULAR, CONVENIENT-SIZED FORM.
• GLASS FLOOR TILES DO NOT INTRODUCE BRIGHTNESS FROM BELOW, BUT MAKE THE
MOST OF EXISTING LIGHT IN A ROOM, BY REFLECTING IT BACK FROM A FLOOR THAT
WOULD OTHERWISE BE ABSORBING LIGHT.
 GLASS TILES
• THICKNESS AVAILABLE 15MM
• TYPES OF TILES
• SMALTI TILE
SMALTI TILES ARE TYPICALLY COLORFUL, TEXTURED, SMALL FORMAT TILES –
GOOD BUILDING BLOCKS FOR ARTISTIC MOSAICS.
“SMALTI” IS AN ITALIAN WORD, AND REFERS TO A GLASS PASTE OR GLAZE
MADE UP OF SILICA MELTED WITH SODIUM OR POTASSIUM CARBONATE. METALS
ARE ADDED AS STABILIZING AGENTS, AS WELL AS METAL OXIDES ( FOR COLOR).
THE PASTE IS FIRED AT HIGH TEMPERATURES, THEN ROLLED OUT INTO A PANCAKE-
LIKE SLAB THAT CAN BE UP TO 6 INCHES THICK. ONCE COOLED, THE SLAB IS
TRADITIONALLY HAND-CUT INTO SMALL RECTANGULAR PIECES OF TILE.
• FUSED TILE
IN THE FUSED MANUFACTURING METHOD, FLAT GLASS (USUALLY FLOAT
GLASS, SUCH AS GLASS USED ON CAR WINDSHIELDS) IS CUT INTO TILES SHAPES
AND THEN FIRED IN A FURNACE. AS GLASS IS CLEAR, IT WILL SHOW THE TILE
UNDERPAY UNLESS TREATED WITH COLOR, SO THIS METHOD USUALLY INVOLVES
THE ADDITION OF COLOR – BY ADDING IT ON TOP OR UNDER THE GLASS. FUSED
GLASS TILES ARE OFTEN TRANSLUCENT TILES, WITH A LAYER OF OPAQUE COLOR
VISIBLE THROUGH THE TILE.
• FUSED TILES ARE OFTEN TREATED WITH AN ETCHING OR OTHER COATING, FOR
AETHETIC REASONS, OR TO INCREASE RESISTANCE TO ABRASION.
•FUSED TILES CAN COME IN VIRTUALLY ANY SIZE – FROM MOSAICS TO LARGE
FORMAT.

• SINTERED GLASS TILE IS MADE BY PRESSING GLASS POWDER INTO DIES AND
THEN HEATED UNTIL THE PARTICLES FUSE. THESE TILES ARE OFTEN SOLD IN
ARRAYS OF 1" × 1" SQUARES, BUT CAN COME IN SIZES UP TO 3" × 3".
IN THIS METHOD, COLOR IS EITHER ADDED INTO THE POWDER OR ADDED
TOPICALLY AFTER COOLING. UNLIKE SMALTI TILES, SINTERED TILES TEND TO HAVE
A UNIFORM LOOK. WITH THEIR MILKY, SCRATCH- RESISTANT FINISH, SINTERED
TILES ARE KNOWN FOR THEIR VERSATILITY.
• INSTALLATION: WHAT TO WATCH FOR
• GLASS FLOOR TILES ARE USUALLY SET AGAINST A
CRACK SUPPRESSION MEMBRANE WITH A WHITE,
FAST-SETTING AND FLEXIBLE THINSET ADHESIVE.
IT'S IMPORTANT THAT THERE ARE NO POCKETS OF
AIR TRAPPED UNDER THE TILES WHEN THEY ARE
LAID, AS AN UNEVEN UNDERLAY WILL WEAKEN
AND EVENTUALLY CRACK THE TILES WHEN THEY
ARE WALKED ON. TO OBVIATE AIR POCKETS,
PIECES SHOULD BE BACK-BUTTERED AND SETTLED
INTO POSITION WHEN LAID.
• CAST TILE
• IT IS MADE BY INSERTING CHUNKS OF GLASS INTO A MOLD. THE MOLD IS HEATED UNTIL
THE PIECES MELT INTO EACH OTHER AND BECOME A COHERENT MASS. THE RESULT IS A
LAYERED LOOK. MOST RECYCLED GLASS TILE PRODUCTS ARE MADE USING THIS METHOD.
• TERRAZZO GLASS TILES
• TERRAZZO AMALGAM GLASS TILES IS A CAST METHOD THAT COMBINES AN CONCRETE
AMALGAM WITH GLASS.
• SLUMPED TILE
• IT HAS BEEN CURVED INTO A CONVEX OR CONCAVE SHAPE DURING FIRING. SLUMPING IS
USUALLY ACHIEVED BY MELTING PLATE GLASS INTO RELIEF MOLDS AT RELATIVELY LOW
FIRING TEMPERATURES. ON COOLING, THE GLASS ASSUMES A DISTINCTIVE CURVED OR
CONTOURED SHAPE.
• ETCHED GLASS TILE
• THIS IS A PROCCESS OF APPLYING A THIN, TRANSLUCENT LAYER ON THE SURFACE OF A TILE.
THIS LAYER CAN BE ACHIEVED THROUGH ONE OF THREE METHODS:
1. ABRASION. DEVICES CAN INCLUDE SANDBLASTERS OR LASER CUTTERS.
2. BY APPLYING AN ACID ETCH, SUCH AS HYDROFLOURIC ACID, TO THE SURFACE.
3. BY APPLYING AN ADDITIONAL, CLOUDY GLASS SURFACE TO THE TOP OF THE TILE.
 TERRACOTTA TILES

• TERRACOTTA FLOORING TILES COME IN DIFFERENT SHAPES. SINCE

THEY ARE A NATURAL MATERIAL, NO TWO LOOK ALIKE. TERRACOTTA
WORKS WELL WITH A TUSCAN THEME.

SPACERS
Rustic Tile Floors
Unglazed tile floors are fire-hardened clay tile
with color running throughout and a matte-type
surface finish.
they are generally not as slippery as glazed tile
flooring.
 They are available in many shapes, colors, and
designs.
 cleaning requires only occasional mopping.

Glazed Tile Floors

glazed tile floors are clay tile with color running

throughout and a shiny surface
they are generally slippery.
 They are available in many shapes, colors, and
designs.
 cleaning requires frequent mopping.
Mosaic Tile Floors

Mosaic tile includes any tile that is less than 2

inches.
 they could also be round, square &hexagonal.
Mosaic tiles can be either glazed or unglazed,
and they're usually mounted on 12-x-12-inch
sheets with a mesh backing.
Mosaic tiles are usually made of porcelain,
although a few are regular ceramic.
 Terrazzo:
 Terrazzo is produced or manufactured
using hard stone chips (especially
marble or granite) are mixed with
concrete, and the concrete
 mixture is poured on site, similar to
laying a concrete slab. When the
concrete is set, the next stage is to
grind the surface back then polishing it
to form a durable and unique surface
finish.
 the standard size for tiles is 2’ by 1’.
 LAMINATE FLOORING
LAMINATE FLOORING IN INDIA IS FAST PICKING UP THE TREND OF EASY TO INSTALL AND
CHEAP LAMINATE FLOORING.

THE LAYERED CONSTRUCTION OF LAMINATE FLOORING MAKES IT CHEAPER AS

COMPARED TO HARDWOOD FLOORING . THERE IS A THIN LAYER OF LAMINATED
FLOORING ON TOP OF YOUR SUB-FLOOR USUALLY MADE OF ALUMINUM OXIDE THAT
MAKES THE FLOORING RESISTANT TO SCRATCHES, CHIPPINGS, BURNS, DENTS AND ANY
OTHER KIND OF WEAR AND TEAR. THUS LAMINATE FLOOR CARE IS NOT A HASSLE.
AND EVEN THE FLOOR REPAIR IS NOT AN ISSUE SINCE IT IS SO EASY TO INSTALL AND CAN
BE CLEANED WITH USUAL FLOOR CLEANERS.
SINCE THE LAMINATE WOOD FLOORS ARE A LAYER SIMPLY LYING ATOP THE SUB-FLOOR,
THE LAMINATE FLOORING INSTALLATION IS EASY AND NUISANCE FREE..
LAMINATE FLOORING IS MADE OF A FIBERBOARD CORE WITH A PAPER PATTERN THAT IS
SEALED UNDER HIGH PRESSURE. LAMINATE CAN BE MADE TO LOOK LIKE TILE, WOOD, OR
STONE, AND IS CHEAPER THAN ANY OF THOSE MATERIALS. LAMINATE FLOORING IS
LONG LASTING AND VERY DURABLE WHEN MAINTAINED WELL.
UNLIKE SOME OTHER TYPES OF FLOORING, LAMINATE FLOORING DOES NOT USUALLY ADD
VALUE TO A HOME. IT LASTS FOR SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 15 AND 30 YEARS, AND CANNOT BE
RECOATED OR REFINISHED. IF LAMINATE FLOORING IS NOT INSTALLED CORRECTLY, IT CAN LEAD
TO A HOLLOW SOUND WHEN WALKED ON. HOWEVER, USING THE CORRECT FLOOR
UNDERLAYMENT CAN REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THIS PROBLEM.
 Wooden laminates

 THIS IS THE MODERN FLOORING MATERIAL.IT IS USED IN LESS TRAFFIC

AREA. IT IS ELASTIC AND IS WATER RESISTANCE AS WELL AS STRETCH RESISTANCE.

STRIP FLOORING: CONSISTS OF WOODEN PLANKS OR BOARDS WHICH ARE

JOINED TOGETHER THROUGH TONGUE AND GROOVE JOINT AT THE EDGES AND
ENDS. THE NAILS ARE FIXED IN SUCH A WAY THAT THEIR HEADS ARE NOT SEEN.
•Today, wooden laminates flooring comes in pre-assembled squares, or wood
tile, that are installed easily either by adhering them to the floor or by joining in
tongue and groove manner.

•wood laminates tiles are square or rectangular wood units laid much like
traditional flooring. The wooden laminates have a repeating pattern made from
short wooden laminates strips or planks.

•It’s excellent wear and scratch resistant laminate surface fixed

with glue.

•It’s available in several sizes and shape according to brands and

firms
company :QUICK STEP thickness of laminates 9.5 mm
length of laminates 137.6 cm
width of laminates 15 cm

PERGO thickness of laminates 8 mm

length of laminates 120 cm
width of laminates 20 cm
 HARDWOOD FLOORING
• HARDWOOD FLOORING IN INDIA IS MADE FROM TIMBER DERIVED FROM
HARDWOODS LIKE OAK, SPRUCE OR HARD PINE.
• THE INITIAL HARDWOOD FLOORS ARE UNFINISHED AND AFTER THE
HARDWOOD FLOORING INSTALLATION, IT IS SANDED ON SITE.
• THE HARDWOOD FLOORING ADHESIVE PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN
DETERMINING THE HARDWOOD FLOOR INSTALL COSTS AND ALSO THE
DURABILITY.
• THE VARIOUS METAL OXIDES AND DIOXIDES USED TO POLISH THE PRE-
FINISHED HARDWOOD FLOORS ALSO HELP IN INCREASING THE
ABRASION HANDLING CAPACITY OF ANY HARDWOOD FLOORING.

THERE ARE VARIOUS HARDWOOD FLOOR MANUFACTURERS AND

SUPPLIERS IN INDIA WHO ALSO HELP WITH THE HARDWOOD FLOORING
TOOLS. THE APPLICATION OF HARDWOOD FLOORING INSTALLERS LIKE
NAILS, ADHESIVE ETC. EFFECTS THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE HARDWOOD
A SUB-FLOOR OF CONCRETE SLAB IS NEVER RECOMMENDED BY ANY
HARDWOOD RATINGS AND REVIEWS SITES SINCE THE HARDWOOD FLOORS
HAVE TENDENCY TO EXPAND AND CONTRACT WITH CHANGES IN MOISTURE
AND TEMPERATURE.

IT IS ADVISABLE TO FOLLOW SPECIAL CARE DURING HARDWOOD FLOOR

INSTALLATION ON STAIRS AND IN BATHROOM.

HARDWOOD FLOOR PRICES AND REFINISHING DEPEND UPON WHETHER IT IS A

SINGLE SLAB HARDWOOD FLOOR OR ENGINEERED HARDWOOD.

WHILE THE FORMER IS AVAILABLE IN 3/4" TO 5/16" THICKNESS, ENGINEERED

HARDWOOD FLOORING HAS A THICKNESS RANGE OF 3/8" TO 9/16".
FOR EITHER TYPES, VARYING OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE FOR HARDWOOD
FLOORING APPLICATION AND INSTALLATION TOOLS, HARDWOOD FLOORING
HARDWOOD FLOORING REFINISHING, CARE AND THE SUBSEQUENTS PRICE.
•PARQUET DESIGN:
• THIS KIND OF FLOORING NORMALLY COMES
IN STANDARD PATTERNS OF 6×6”. SENSATIONAL GEOMETRIC EFFECTS CAN BE
ACHIEVED WITH SPECIAL.

•PLANK:
•DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THIS HARDWOOD FLOOR IS THAT FLOORING BOARDS
ARE AT LEAST 3 `IS BY SCREWING THE PLANK FLOOR TO THE SUB FLOOR AS WELL AS
NAILED. SCREW HOLES CAN BE COVERED WITH WOODEN PLUGS.

•
•STRIP:
•THIS FLOOR IS USED FOR THE MAJORITY OF INSTALLATIONS. STRIPS USUALLY ARE
2-1/4 INCHES WIDE, BUT ALSO COME IN WIDTHS RANGING FROM 1-1/2 INCHES
TO 3-1/4 INCHES. NAILING TO THE SUB FLOOR MAKES INSTALLATION
 VINYL FLOORING
• VINYL FLOORING IN INDIA IS AVAILABLE AS EITHER SHEETS OR TILES.
• THE SHEETS PRESENT VINYL FLOORING IN ROLLS OF WIDTH 6" TO 12"
THAT CAN BE CUT TO MEASUREMENT.
• THE ADHESIVE TO BE USED DEPENDS ON THE FLOOR STYLE.
• VINYL FLOOR TILES ARE AVAILABLE AS 12" OR 18" SQUARES WITH VARYING
PATTERNS AND STYLES.
• THE STABILITY, EASY CLEANING AND WATER RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF
VINYL FLOORING MAKE IT AN IDEAL CHOICE BY THE SPECIALISTS AS WELL.
• ONE CAN OPT FOR ENHANCED URETHANE SURFACE COATINGS FOR THE VINYL
FLOORING THAT MAKES IT MORE RESISTANT TO STAINS AND SCRATCHES AND
MAKES THE ORIGINAL LUSTER LAST LONGER.
 LINOLEUM FLOORING
• BOTH LINOLEUM TILES AND LINOLEUM ROLLS ARE MAKING A COMEBACK.
• IT IS AVAILABLE IN ROLLS OF WIDTH ABT 1.8-3.6 MTS
• THE THICKNESS VARIES FROM 2MM -6MM, THE GREATER VALUES BEING
ADOPTED FOR FLOORS SUBJECTED TO HEAVY WEAR AS INCASE OF SHOPS
OFFICES HOSPITALS ETC.
• LINOLEUM IS BIODEEGRADABLE AND NON-TOXIC, AS WELL AS AFFORDABLE.
THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST DIFFICULT TYPES OF FLOORING TO INSTALL, BUT
MAINTENANCE OF LINOLEUM IS EASY.
• LINOLEUM IS MADE OF NATURAL MATERIALS, AND THE COLOR AND PATTERNS
GO ALL THE WAY THROUGH THE MATERIAL, SO IF IT BECOMES WORN DOWN,
THE PATTERN IS STILL VISIBLE.
• THIS FLOORING MATERIAL IS A MIXTURE OF LINSEED OIL ,GUMS,AND
RESINS,PIGMENTS,WOOD FLOUR,CORK DUST AND OTHER FILLING MATERIALS.A
• LINOLEUM FLOORING IIS ATTRACTIVE IN APPEARANCE, CHEAP, DURABLE,
RESILIENT, COMFORTABLE, MODERATELY WARM AND IT CAN BE EASILY
CLEANED.
 PROCESS
• THE MOST IMPORTANT STEP IN PREPARING THE INSTALLATION AREA IS TO MAKE SURE YOUR
FLOOR IS COMPLETELY CLEAN AND DRY BEFORE INSTALLING NEW FLOORING
• WHETHER YOU ARE INSTALLING VINYL OR LINOLEUM SHEET FLOORING, BE SURE TO LEAVE
THE NEW FLOORING MATERIAL IN THE ROOM WHERE YOU PLAN TO PUT IT FOR A FEW DAYS
BEFORE INSTALLATION. THIS GIVES THE MATERIAL TIME TO ADJUST TO THE TYPICAL ROOM
TEMPERATURE. IF THE VINYL OR LINOLEUM IS TOO COLD, IT MAY CRACK WHILE YOU ARE
UNROLLING IT.
• THE FIRST STEP IS TO MEASURE AND CUT YOUR FLOORING.
• APPLY A STRIP OF ADHESIVE ON THE FLOOR IN FRONT OF THE ROLLED PORTION, ABOUT A
FOOT WIDE AND THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE ROOM. ROLL THE FLOORING FORWARD, AND
PRESS DOWN ALONG THE ADHESIVE TO RELEASE ANY AIR BUBBLES. REPEAT THIS PROCESS
FOR THE ROLLED HALF OF THE SHEET, AND THEN ROLL THE OTHER SIDE AND REPEAT THE
ENTIRE PROCESS TO COMPLETE THE FLOOR. BE SURE TO CLEAN UP ANY ADHESIVE THAT MAY
HAVE GOTTEN ONTO THE SURFACE OF THE VINYL OR LINOLEUM FLOORING RIGHT AWAY TO
AVOID.
• AS WITH SHEET FLOORING, KEEP YOUR VINYL OR LINOLEUM TILES IN THE ROOM YOU WILL
BE INSTALLING THEM FOR A FEW DAYS IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE TEMPERATURE ACCLIMATION.
•ONCE YOU HAVE PREPARED THE SUB-FLOOR AND EMPTIED HALF OR ALL THE ROOM, YOU
ARE READY TO BEGIN.
• YOU MAY WANT TO APPLY A COAT OF WATER-RESISTANT PORTLAND CEMENT OVER THE
SUB-FLOOR TO CREATE A SMOOTHER SURFACE FOR YOUR FLOORING TILES, ESPECIALLY IF
THEY ARE SELF-ADHESIVE.
• MEASURE AND MARK CHALK LINES ON THE FLOOR SURFACE TO DENOTE WHERE THE TILES
WILL BE LAID.
• THIS SHOULD BE A FAIRLY STRAIGHTFORWARD GRID PROCESS, AS FLOORING TILES ARE
EITHER 12- OR 18-INCH SQUARES.
• CUT ANY CORNER, ANGLED, OR PERMANENT FIXTURE TILES, AND DRY FIT THEM FIRST
BEFORE YOU BEGIN THE ADHESIVE PROCESS.
• LAY TILES ONE BY ONE, AND PUSH EACH ONE FIRMLY INTO PLACE WITH A HAND ROLLER.
 CONCRETE FLOORING

• IN INDIA, IS A MOST PREFERRED INDUSTRIAL FLOORING MATERIAL. BEING

THE MOST VERSATILE FLOORING MATERIAL, CONCRETE OFFERS
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TO THE FLOOR THAT IS ABOUT 60% HIGHER
THAN USUAL FLOORING SOLUTIONS USED.

• THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF FLOORING TILES INCREASES BY 70% IN CASE

OF CONCRETE FLOORING.
THE SURFACE FINISHING FOR CONCRETE FLOORING DOES NOT REQUIRE
CEMENT THEREBY REDUCING THE RAW MATERIAL COSTS IN THIS
REGARD.

• IN ADDITION TO THIS THE FLOOR BECOMES ABRASION RESISTANT AND

THE FLOOR WRAPPING IS REDUCED CONSIDERABLY. FOR ALL KINDS OF
CONCRETE SURFACES, CONCRETE SEALERS, COLOR HARDENERS AND
ADMIXTURES ARE ALSO AVAILABLE IN THE MARKET THAT MAKE THE
 EPOXY FLOORING
EPOXY COATINGS ARE ONE OF THE MATERIALS WHICH IS USED AS A
PROTECTION MEASURES TO PREVENT THE WEAR AND TEAR OF THE
FLOORS.
• USES
IT CAN BE USED WHEREVER THE EXISTING FLOOR IS IN A WORN AND
DETERIORATED CONDITION RESULTING FROM HEAVY ABRASIVE
ACTIVITY AND/OR CHEMICAL SPILLAGE.
PROCESS
• CONCRETE FLOORS MUST BE CLEANED.
• ALL LOOSE AND DETERIORATED MATERIAL MUST BE REMOVED AND THE
ENTIRE FLOOR PREPARED BY SCARIFICATION, SHOT-BLASTING, SANDING, OR
GRINDING.

• EPOXY PRIMER IS APPLIED TO THE PREPARED FLOOR SURFACE.

• EPOXY FLOORING IS THEN MIXED AND APPLIED OVER THE FLOOR AT A
THICKNESS RANGE OF 1/8" TO 1/4" DEPENDING UPON THE ANTICIPATED ACTIVITY
IN THE AREA WHERE THE NEW FLOORING IS TO BE INSTALLED.
• THE SURFACE IS TO BE TROWELLED TO A DESIRED FINISH.
• AFTER EPOXY FLOORING HAS SET SUFFICIENTLY, AN APPLICATION OF EPOXY
COATING MAY BE APPLIED TO THE SURFACE IN THE MANNER NECESSARY TO
PROVIDE THE FINAL FINISHED TEXTURE BY ROLLER OR TROWEL.
 TRIMIX FLOORING
•FLOORS IN FACTORIES AND INDUSTRIES HAVE CONCRETE BEING THE MOST
VERSATILE OF FLOORING MATERIAL, HAS BEEN IN USE FOR A LONG TIME. TO
OVERCOME THE DEFICIENCIES OF CONCRETE A SYSTEM WAS DEVISED TO
IMPROVE THE PROPERTIES OF SUCH CONCRETE FLOORS. THIS SYSTEM IS
"VACUUM DEWATERED FLOORS".
• IT IS A MODIFIED, STYRENE-BUTADIENE COPOLYMER, CONCRETE ADDITIVE
DESIGNED TO PROVIDE HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE, GROUT AND/ OR
MORTAR MIXES.

PROCEDURE
THE METHOD INVOLVES LAYING THE FLOOR IN THE FOLLOWING SEQUENCE:
CONCRETING IN THE CONVENTIONAL WAY BUT WITH A HIGHER SLUMP SO THAT
WORKABILITY IS GOOD AND CONCRETE POURING AND SPREADING IS DONE
FAST.
POKER VIBRATION (SPECIALLY ON BOTH SIDES OF THE PANEL) IS ALWAYS
ESSENTIAL FOR FLOOR THICKNESS OF 100 MM AND ABOVE.
SURFACE VIBRATION USING DOUBLE BEAM SURFACE VIBRATOR.
LEVELLING THE VIBRATED SURFACE WITH A STRAIGHT EDGE.
THEN A SYSTEM OF LOWER MATS & TOP MAT IS LAID ON THE GREEN CONCRETE & THIS IS
ATTACHED TO A VACUUM PUMP.
THIS DRAWS OUT EXCESS WATER
FLOATING AND TOWELLING OF THE CONCRETE PAVEMENTS USING SKIMFLOATERS
• Carpet
• Carpet can turn the messy, awkward job of installing carpet in
an occupied space into a quick and easy project.
• Placement requires less time and few special tools. Carpet tile
can be chosen for any room.
• The pile is not as dense as that in rolled carpet, but it can serve
well in both high commercial as well as low traffic areas come
in one standard size: 18 x l8 inches.
 WET PROCESS FOR FLOORING
Step 1: Prepare the surface

The floor should be clean, dry, flat and sound.

The floor should be free from oily/waxy or curing

compounds.

Step 2: Measure and plan the tile Layout

• For a square or rectangular room: stretch a
chalk line between the centers of two facing
walls.
• Snap the line.
• Repeat this on the opposing walls (Figure 1).
• The resulting lines must cross at the center of
the room at a precise 90 degree angle. Check
with a carpenter's square. Change line angle if
necessary.
At least one of the lines should be parallel with a
wall.
 Step 3: Tile Placement

Lay out a row of dry tile along one

line from center to the right wall.

Step 4: Laying rest of whole tiles

Place spacers between tile. Proceed

as shown in (Figure 3B).
Continue until all whole tiles are laid.

Step 5: Making cuts

Leave the row of tile along the walls until
last. These will probably have to be cut.
Do any necessary cutting as you proceed
around the room.
The rod saw is used for circular openings,
square cuts, angles and curves.
STEP 6: APPLY THE GROUT.

Use the rubber surfaced trowel to

spread grout as instructed on the
grout package.
Use a damp sponge to clean excess
grout from the face of the tile.
When dry, polish with a soft cloth.
Here is the final results of the
Flooring.
 FALSE FLOORING
•FALSE FLOORING raised the floor for aesthetic & helps conceal ducting, power
cables, data cables, trays and wirings, thereby giving a neat and uncluttered
appearance to the space.
•These helps in easy movement and in avoiding the dangers of hanging or expanding
power connections.
•False flooring is used for buildings with high service requirement mostly offices
which carries high amount of cables etc.
• And sometimes air-conditioner, water supply pipes.
• And it is also used in computer rooms for routing cables under floor.
• The floor panel should be made of 35mm thick ‘nova teak super’ particle board,
2mm thick pvc tiles on top surface and the underside should be coated with fire
resistant paint.
• The edges of floor panel might expose pvc edging.
• The entire floor should be capable to take distributed load of 1200 kg. Per sq/m.
• Additional structural support and lighting are often provided when a floor is raised
enough for a person to crawl or even walk beneath.
• This type of floor consists of gridded metal frame work or understructure of
adjustable-height legs (“called pedestal”) that provide support for individual floor
panels, which are usually by 2 x 2 feet or 60 x 60 cms in size.
• THE HEIGHT OF THE LEGS/PEDESTALS IS DICTATED BY THE VOLUME OF CABLE AND OTHER
SERVICES PROVIDED BENEATH, BUT TYPICALLY ARRANGED FOR CLEARANCE OF AT LEAST SIX
INCHES OR 15CMS.
•THE PANELS ARE NORMALLY MADE OF STEEL-CLAD PARTICLE BOARD OR A STEEL PANEL WITH A
CEMENTITIOUS INTERNAL CORE. THERE ARE A VARIETY OF FLOORING FINISHES TO SUIT THE
APPLICATION SUCH AS CARPETS, HIGH PRESSURE LAMINATES, MARBLE, STONE, AND ANTI-
STATIC FINISHES FOR USE IN COMPUTER ROOMS AND LABORATORIES.
SPECIFICATIONS OF FALSE FLOORING:
•P/F FALSE FLOORING WITH 115MM DIAMETER PRESSURE DIE-CAST ALLOY BASE WITH 25MM
DIAMETER M.S. ROD OF 200MM LENGTH.
•THE TOP PORTION OF THE ROD SHALL BE THREADED AND WILL HAVE ONE NUT AND ONE
CHECK-NUT FOR POSITIVE LOCKING.
•THE JACKS HEAD SHALL ALSO BE OF PRESSURE DIE-CAST.
•THE ENTIRE M.S.CHANNEL FRAMING AND M.S. ROD SHALL BE ELECTRO GALVANIZED.
THEFLOOR PANEL SHALL BE MADE OF 35MM THICK NOVATEAK SUPER PARTICLE BOARD, 2MM THICK PVC TILES ON TOP SURFACE, THE UNDERSIDE SHALL BE COATED
WITH FIRE RESISTANT PAINT. THE EDGES OF THE FLOOR PANEL SHALL HAVE EXPOSED PVC EDGING.

THE ENTIRE FLOOR SHALL BE CAPABLE TO TAKE UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD OF 1,200 KG. PER SQ/M. AND A SAFE POINT LOAD OF 400 KG. AT THE CENTER OF
PANEL WITH A MAXIMUM DEFLECTION OF 2MM.
Benefits for Raised/Access Flooring:
100% INTER CHANGEABLE PANELS. LIGHT WEIGHT FOR EASE OF HANDLING. EXCELLENT GROUNDING AND ELECTRICAL CONTINUITY.
COMPLETELY NON - COMBUSTIBLE. EXCELLENT LOAD BEARING CAPABILITIES FOR VARIOUS LOADING REQUIREMENTS. EASY AND FAST APPROACH TO CONCEALED
WIRES, CABLES, BOXES ETC. FAST INSTALLATION AND EASY TO SERVICE AND USE. SUPERIOR LOAD BEARING CAPABILITIES, HIGH WEAR RESISTANT EXCELLENT ANTI –
STATIC PROPERTIES
TILE SIZE -- 600MM X 600MM
THICKNESS -- 35 MM

THESE RAISED FLOOR SYSTEM AND FALSE FLOOR SYSTEM CONSISTS OF STEEL CEMENT PANELS,
STRINGERS, AND STEEL PEDESTALS.
THE FLOOR PANELS OF FALSE FLOOR SYSTEM ARE EPOXY COATED UNITIZED SHELLS CONSISTING
OF A FLAT STEEL TOP SHEET WELDED TO A FORMED STEEL BOTTOM SHEET FILLED WITH A
HIGHLY CONTROLLED MIXTURE OF LIGHTWEIGHT CEMENT.
THESE NON – COMBUSTIBLE, RIGID, SOLID PANELS ARE HIGHLY DEPENDABLE AND UNIVERSALLY
USED .
• The access floor system that is to be installed shall provide a
minimum finished floor height of 300mm pedestal from the
existing floor level. The system shall provide for suitable floor
tiles, pedestals and stringers designed to withstand various
static loads and rolling loads.
• The entire Access Floor System is made from steel /aluminium
cementations in filled Access Floor Tiles and shall provide for
adequate fire properties, acoustic barriers and air leakage
resistance. The system-FS 800 modules will be able to
withstand 360kgs of concentrated load and an
impact load of 46kgs and a
distributed load of 1080kgs /sq m
The pedestal will withstand an
axial load of 2200kgs.
• Pedestal installed to support the
panel shall be suitable to achieve
a finished floor height of
350 to 500mm.
THE SYSTEM CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS :
A) STRINGER BASED SYSTEM
B) STRINGER FREE - CORNER LOCK SYSTEM

A) STRINGER BASED SYSTEM THIS SYSTEM

BASED UNDERSTRUCTURE CREATES A 6000MM
X 600MM GRID AND ENHANCES STABILITY AND
IMPROVES LOADING PERFORMANCE. THIS
SYSTEM CAN PROVIDE A FINISHED FLOOR
HEIGHT ( FFH) OF 70MM UPTO 1200MM.

B) STRINGER FREE - CORNER LOCK SYSTEM

IDEAL FOR LOW HEIGHT OFFICE FLOORS, IT
CONSISTS OF ONLY PEDESTALS AS
UNDERSTRUCTURE. STRINGERS ARE NOT USED
FOR LATERAL AND LOADING SUPPORT. AS
PEDESTAL IN THIS SYSTEM DO NOT HAVE
STRINGERS SO WHEN PANELS ARE OPENED THE
FLOOR BELOW IS FREE OF STRINGER GRID AND
VERY OPEN TO APPROACH AND HENCE
SERVICE.