6 - Uniform Circular Motion

Science 8
Uniform Circular
Motion
MRS. VICTORIA P. JAUM
Subject Teacher
1
Learning
Targets:
 Identify the presence of centripetal
force.
 Explain the importance of
centripetal force in keeping a body
in circular motion.
 Demonstrate how the laws of
motion are applied to bodies in
2
How does each object move?
3
4
What is uniform circular motion?
unifor movement of an object with constant
speed.
c
mircul an object moving the path of a circle.
motio the change of the position of an
ar
object
-nmeans the motion of an object around a
circular path with a constant speed.
It is a specific type of motion in which an object
travels in a circle with a constant speed.
What are examples uniform circular
motion?
Motion of an artificial satellite orbiting the Earth.
A stone which is tied to a rope and is being
swung in circles.
A car turning through a curve in a road.
Electrons moving perpendicular to a uniform
magnetic field.
Motion of a clock hand.
Motion of bicycle wheels.
 A car moving along a circular track.
 A roller coaster moving in a circular loop.
 A carnival ride that spins riders in a
circular motion.
 A washing machine during the spin cycle.
 A planet orbiting around the sun.
 A clock with a swinging pendulum.
 A rotating fan or windmill blade.
 A merry-go-round or carousel.
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Some vocabulary we can use to talk
about uniform circular motion……
1. Centripetal Force (Fc ) is a
net force that acts on an object
to keep it moving along a
circular path. It is always
pointing to the center of the
motion. It is also known as “
center- seeking force ”. It is
measured in Newton (N).
Example of centripetal
force.1. As a car makes a
turn, the force of
friction acting upon
the turned wheels of
the car provides
centripetal force
required for circular
2. As a bucket of
water is tied to a
string and spun in a
circle, the tension
force acting upon
the bucket provides
the centripetal
force required for
circular motion.
As the moon
orbits the Earth,
the force of
gravity acting
upon the moon
provides the
centripetal force
required for
2. Radius (r) is the distance from the
center of a circle to any point on its
circumference. It is measured in
meter (m).
3. Tangential Velocity (Vt ) is the distance the
object moves around the circle over a change
in time. It is measured in m/s.
Describes the motion of an object along
the side of a circle whose direction at any given
point is always along the tangent to the point.
Tangential Velocity (Vt )
a tangent is a straight
line that touches a
curve at a single point
4. Centripetal (Vt )
Acceleration(ac
(ac )
) is the
acceleration of (Fc
)
the object
(points in the
same direction
as in the
centripetal
force). It is
measured in
For uniform circular motion to happen, 2 things
have to be true.
1. The net force has to be constant, and always

pointing towards the center.
2. There has to be a velocity at a 90 degree
angle to the net force.
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5. Period(T) is the amount of
time an object takes to
complete one full cycle. It is
measured in seconds (s).
6. Frequency ( f) is the amount of repetitions a
cycle completes in 1 second. It is measured in
hertz (Hz) which means events per second.
How to Calculate Centripetal Force
Centripetal force is easily calculated
as long as you know the mass, m, of
the object; its distance, r, from the
center; and the tangential
velocity, v. This equation is based
on the metric system; note that the
centripetal force, f, is measured in
Newtons. One Newton is
approximately 0.225 lb.
Three mathematical quantities used to
analyze the motion of objects in circles.
(speed , acceleration and
force)
Where:
Formula:
Where:
V2 = square of the velocity in m2/s2

r = radius of the circular path in m
Formula:
V= 2
Where:
V = speed
t = time
Pi =
3.14
Complete the
Word table. Symbol Unit
Centripetal Force
Radius
Tangential Velocity
Centripetal Acceleration
Period
Frequency
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Problem 1:
What is the acceleration of an object moving
at a constant speed of 4.0m/s in a circular
path with a radius of 1.5m?
Solution:
V= 4.0
m/s ac= (4.0 m/s)2
r = 1.5 m 1.5 m
a c= ? ac= 10.67 m/s2
Read and solve:
1. A 900 – kg car moving at 10 m/s
takes a turn around a circle with a
radius of 25.0m. Determine the
acceleration and the net force
acting
Solution:upon the car?
Problem 2:
A 95 – kg halfback makes a turn
on the
football field. The halfback sweeps
out a path that is a portion of a
circle with a radius of 12 meters.
The halfback makes a quarter of a
turn around the circle in 2.1
seconds. Determine the speed,
acceleration and net force acting
Recap:
1. What is constant in uniform
circular
motion?
2. What is uniform circular
motion?
3. What is centripetal force?
4. Why is centripetal force
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6 - Uniform Circular Motion

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Science 8

1. The net force has to be constant, and always

V2 = square of the velocity in m2/s2

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