Skills
Skills
Skills
TEACHER:GUNAY MEHRALIYEVA
TOPIC: HISTOTY
QRUP:323B
SUBJECT: LANGUAGE SKILLS
• Records trace the origins of the sport back more than 2,000 years ago
to ancient China, Greece and Rome, where the 'ball' was made of rock
or animal hide stuffed with hair. There have even been suggestions it
dates even further back to old Mesoamerican cultures - but 'football' or
'soccer' as we know it today has its roots in 19th century England.
• From England, the idea of football spread to Europe and across the
Atlantic. Two schoolteachers, August Hermann and Konrad Koch,
introduced the game to Germany circa 1874. Immigrants, meanwhile,
are thought to have brought soccer to the United States.
• The first football association was formed in England in 1863. Rules were
established - but continued to change - and the size and weight of the match-
ball standardised. Crucially, carrying the ball with the hands was outlawed:
association football (soccer) and rugby became two separate entities.
• Football continued to undergo rapid development into the 1900s, accelerated
by industrialisation. Public school teams soon became the minority following
the emergence of factory and other work-based clubs. The best players
received monetary incentives, and tickets were sold to the public - mainly
members of the working-class - for matches.
• Early soccer leagues in the US mostly adopted the name 'football' for their
activities, but confusion between American football and association football
resulted in the term 'soccer' being used to describe the latter in the 1910s
and early 1920s. Two professional soccer leagues were started in 1967, the
United Soccer Association and the National Professional Soccer League,
which merged to form the North American Soccer League in 1968. Interest
in soccer within the United States continued to grow and, as part of the
United States' bid to host the 1994 FIFA World Cup, US Soccer pledged to
create a professional outdoor league. Major League Soccer duly launched in
1996.
• Latter-day continental club tournaments have existed, in various
guises, for many years. Europe's UEFA Champions League and the
Americas' CONCACAF Champions League are perhaps the best known.
Interleague club competition can be traced back as far as the late 19th
century, but international club tournaments are a relatively new
concept. In 2000, the FIFA Club World Cup was born, a tournament
between the winners of the six continental confederations, as well as
the host nation's league champions. Since 2005, it has become an
annual event.
The UEFA European Football
Championship, more commonly known
as the Euros, is the primary association
football competition contested by the
senior men's national teams of the
members of the Union of European
Football Associations (UEFA),
determining the continental champion
of Europe. It is held every four years, in
the even-numbered year between
World Cups. The first edition took place
in 1960. The CONCACAF Gold Cup, the
main association football competition of
the men's national football teams
governed by The Confederation of
North, Central America and Caribbean
Association Football (CONCACAF),
determining the continental champion
of North America, Central America, and
the Caribbean, is staged every two
years.
• Today 211 national associations are members of FIFA, football's world
governing body. The world regions are divided into six confederations:
Confédération Africaine de Football (CAF), Asian Football Confederation
(AFC), UEFA, CONCACAF, Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), and
Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol (CONMEBOL). While 32
countries took part in World Cup qualifying in 1934, that number has
risen to over 200, reflecting football’s standing as a truly global
phenomenon.