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    14 Timer Delay Calculation 04-09-2024

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    haanimuhammed

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    14 Timer Delay Calculation 04-09-2024

    Uploaded by

    haanimuhammed
    3 views6 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    3 views6 pages

    14 Timer Delay Calculation 04-09-2024

    Uploaded by

    haanimuhammed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Timer Delay Calculation for XTAL

    = 11.0592 MHz
    (a) in hex
    • (FFFF – YYXX + 1) × 1.085 s
    • where YYXX are TH, TL initial values
    respectively.
    • Notice that values YYXX are in hex.

    (b) in decimal
    • Convert YYXX values of the TH, TL register to
    decimal to get a NNNNN decimal number
    • then (65536 – NNNNN) × 1.085 s
    Program (1/3)
    • square wave of 50% duty on P1.5
    • Timer 0 is used

    ;each loop is a half clock


    MOV TMOD,#01 ;Timer 0,mode 1(16-bit)
    HERE: MOV TL0,#0F2H ;Timer value = FFF2H
    MOV TH0,#0FFH
    CPL P1.5
    ACALL DELAY P1.5
    SJMP HERE
    50% 50%
    whole clock
    Program (2/3)
    ;generate delay using timer 0
    DELAY:
    SETB TR0 ;start the timer 0
    AGAIN:JNB TF0,AGAIN
    CLR TR0 ;stop timer 0
    CLR TF0 ;clear timer 0 flag
    RET

    FFF2 FFF3 FFF4 FFFF 0000

    TF0 = 0 TF0 = 0 TF0 = 0 TF0 = 0 TF0 = 1


    Program (3/3)
    Solution:
    In the above program notice the following steps.
    1. TMOD = 0000 0001 is loaded.
    2. FFF2H is loaded into TH0 – TL0.
    3. P1.5 is toggled for the high and low portions of the pulse.
    4. The DELAY subroutine using the timer is called.
    5. In the DELAY subroutine, timer 0 is started by the “SETB TR0”
    instruction.
    6. Timer 0 counts up with the passing of each clock, which is provided by the
    crystal oscillator.
    As the timer counts up, it goes through the states of FFF3, FFF4, FFF5, FFF6,
    FFF7, FFF8, FFF9, FFFA, FFFB, FFFC, FFFFD, FFFE, FFFFH. One more
    clock rolls it to 0, raising the timer flag (TF0 = 1). At that point, the JNB
    instruction falls through.
    7. Timer 0 is stopped by the instruction “CLR TR0”. The DELAY subroutine
    ends, and the process is repeated.

    Notice that to repeat the process, we must reload the TL and TH


    registers, and start the timer again (in the main program).
    Program (1/2)
    • This program generates a square wave on pin P1.5 Using timer 1
    • Find the frequency.(dont include the overhead of instruction delay)
    • XTAL = 11.0592 MHz

    MOV TMOD,#10H ;timer 1, mode 1


    AGAIN:MOV TL1,#34H ;timer value=3476H
    MOV TH1,#76H
    SETB TR1 ;start
    BACK: JNB TF1,BACK
    CLR TR1 ;stop
    CPL P1.5 ;next half clock
    CLR TF1 ;clear timer flag 1
    SJMP AGAIN ;reload timer1
    Program (2/2)
    Solution:
    FFFFH – 7634H + 1 = 89CCH = 35276 clock
    count
    Half period = 35276 × 1.085 s = 38.274 ms
    Whole period = 2 × 38.274 ms = 76.548 ms
    Frequency = 1/ 76.548 ms = 13.064 Hz.

    Note
    Mode 1 is not auto reload then the program must
    reload the TH1, TL1 register every timer overflow if we
    want to have a continuous wave.

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